Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B 7 Exponential Functions
Consolidation Exercise 7B (Level 2)
20. The figure shows the graph of y = 6x. Sketch the graph of y = 6−x in the y
same figure.
y = 6x
x
O
21. The figure shows the graphs of y = ax and y = bx, where a and b are y
y = ax y = bx
positive constants. It is given that the graph of y = ax passes through
(–2 , 9)
(–2 , 9).
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) If the graph of y = bx is the reflection image of the graph of y = ax
with respect to the y-axis, find the value of b.
x
O
x
1 y
x x
22. The figure shows the graphs of y = a , y = b and y = , where a
5
y=
y = ax
and b are positive constants. It is given that the graph of y = ax is the y = bx
x
1
reflection image of the graph of y = with respect to the y-axis.
5
Determine whether each of the following is true. Explain your answers.
x
(a) a > b O
(b) 1 < b < 5
23. The figure shows the graphs of the exponential functions y = ax, y = bx y = bx
y
y = 4x
x x
and y = 4 , where a and b are positive constants. The graph of y = a is
the reflection image of the graph of y = 4x with respect to the y-axis.
(a) Find the value of a. y = ax
1
(b) Is the value of b greater than ? Explain your answer.
4
x
O
© Oxford University Press 2023 P.12 4B07 Consolidation Exercise 7B (Level 2)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B 7 Exponential Functions
24. The figure shows the graphs of y = ax, y = bx and y = cx, where a, b and y = bx
y
y = cx
c are positive constants. The three graphs intersect at P. y = ax
(a) Write down the coordinates of P.
(b) Arrange a, b and c in ascending order.
(c) Someone claims that b < ac. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
P
x
O
25. A researcher finds that the number N of a kind of fish in a pond under some controlled conditions after
t months can be represented by the following formula:
N = a(1.06)t, where a is a constant.
At the beginning of the research, the number of that kind of fish in the pond is 50 000.
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Find the number of that kind of fish in the pond 3 months from the beginning of the research.
(c) Find the number of that kind of fish increased from t = 2 to t = 5.
(Give the answers correct to the nearest integer if necessary.)
26. The value of a smart phone is $4 645 three months after it is on sale. The value $P of the smart phone
t months after it is on sale can be represented by the following formula:
P = 1 000 + k(0.9)t, where k is a constant.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Find the depreciation of the smart phone after 1 year.
(Give the answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
27. The value of a car in 2024 is $200 000. Its value $V after t years can be represented by the following
formula:
V = 200 000at, where a is a constant.
It is known that the value of the car after 1 year is $186 000.
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Find the decrease in the value of the car from 2024 to 2028.
(Give the answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
© Oxford University Press 2023 P.13 4B07 Consolidation Exercise 7B (Level 2)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B 7 Exponential Functions
28. In a factory, when x thousand of a kind of product are produced in a day, the amount Q units of a
particular pollutant in the air can be estimated by the formula:
Q = 100kx, where k is a positive constant.
It is known that the amount of the pollutant in the air is 121 units when 2 thousand of that kind of product
are produced in a certain day.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Can the amount of the pollutant in the air be less than 100 units? Explain your answer.
29. After a new ride has been in operation for k months, the monthly number N of visitors in a theme park
can be represented by the following formula:
N = p + 80 000(1.15)k, where p is a constant.
It is known that the monthly number of visitors is 120 000 when k = 2.
(a) Find the value of p.
(b) Is it possible that the monthly number of visitors in the theme park is less than 93 000? Explain your
answer.
30. The temperature T C inside a balloon after t hours can be represented by the following formula:
T = 30 + 70at, where a is a positive constant.
It is known that the temperature of the air inside the balloon after 2 hours is 74.8C.
(a) Find the temperature of the air inside the balloon after 3 hours.
(b) Can the temperature of the air inside the balloon be higher than 100C? Explain your answer.
31. The value $V of a flat t years after 2020 can be represented by the following formula:
V = 1 500 000kt, where k is a constant.
It is known that the value of the flat in 2023 was $1 889 568.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) If the value of the flat increases by more than 40% from 2022 to 2026, then the owner will sell the
flat. Will the owner sell the flat? Explain your answer.
32. A dose of 80 mg of medicine is given to a patient. The amount A mg of the medicine in the body of the
patient after t hours can be represented by the following formula:
A = kat, where a and k are constants.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) It is given that the amount of the medicine in the body of the patient after 1 hour is 56 mg.
(i) Find the value of a.
(ii) Is the amount of the medicine in the body of the patient less than 10 mg after 6 hours? Explain
your answer.
© Oxford University Press 2023 P.14 4B07 Consolidation Exercise 7B (Level 2)
Senior Secondary Oxford Mathematics for the New Century 4B 7 Exponential Functions
33. Cindy invested $500 000 in 2020. The amount $A obtained by her n (0 n 4) years after 2020 can be
represented by the following formula:
A = 500 000rn, where r is a positive constant.
It is known that the amount obtained by Cindy in 2022 was $605 000.
(a) Find the value of r.
(b) Find the amount obtained by Cindy in 2024.
(c) In 2025, Cindy will invest the amount $B obtained in (b) with a new offer. The amount $P obtained
by her t years after 2025 can be represented by the following formula:
P = B(1.2)t
Cindy claims that she will obtain an amount more than $1 800 000 in 2030. Do you agree?
Explain your answer.
34. The carbon dioxide level N (in suitable units) in cinema A t hours from the beginning of a movie can be
represented by the formula:
N = P(1 − 0.4t) + 200, where P is a constant.
It is known that the carbon dioxide level in cinema A is 440 units 1 hour from the beginning of the
movie.
(a) Find the value of P.
(b) The carbon dioxide level N1 (in suitable units) in cinema B t hours from the beginning of a movie
can be represented by N1 = 300 − 100(0.16)t. Is it possible that the carbon dioxide level in cinema
B is greater than that in cinema A? Explain your answer.
© Oxford University Press 2023 P.15 4B07 Consolidation Exercise 7B (Level 2)
