ENGL345
Advanced English Phonology
English Phonetics and Phonology
LECTURE 5
Putting the Sounds of Human Language
into Practice
TRANSCRIPTION AND
DESCRIPTION
IPA Chart (Vowels and Consonants)
Transcription
Transcription: The practice of representing speech in
writing.
Types of transcription:
Impressionistic, systematic, broad, narrow, allophonic,
phonemic, simple and comparative transcription.
Impressionistic Phonemic Allophonic
Broad Narrow Systematic
▪ Broad transcription includes a limited amount of
phonetic detail
▪ Narrow transcription includes phonetic detail.
We will focus on broad and narrow transcription in our
course.
Conventions:
1) We use slash brackets to enclose sounds/phones when
these phones contrast meaning (i.e., phonemes)
e.g., bus /bus/
buzz /buz/ /s/ and /z/ are both phonemes because
they contrast meaning
• We will use slashes when we adopt a broad and/or a
phonemic transcription.
2) We use square brackets to indicate difference in sound only
but not meaning (i.e., variants of phonemes; allophones)
e.g. rose [ɹəʊz]
[ʋəʊz]
* We will use square brackets when we adopt a narrow
and/or allophonic transcription.
TRANSCRIBE THE
FOLLOWING
The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog
Describe the sounds in blue
Broad Transcription
/ðə kwɪk bɹaʊn fɒks dʒʌmpt əʊvə ðə leɪzi dɒɡ/
dʒ voiced palato-alveolar affricate
ð voiced (inter)dental fricative
ʌ low central neutral short monophthong
ə mid central neutral short monophthong
m Voiced bilabial nasal stop
k voiceless velar stop
p voiceless bilabial stop
w voiced bilabial approximant
t voiceless alveolar stop
ɪ high front unrounded short monophthong
əʊ mid central, back-closing diphthong
b voiced bilabial stop
v voiced labio-dental fricative
ɹ voiced post-alveolar approximant
l Voiced alveolar lateral approximant
aʊ low central, back-closing diphthong
eɪ mid front, front-closing diphthong
n voiced alveolar nasal stop
z voiced alveolar fricative
f voiceless labio-dental fricative
i high front unrounded short monophthong
ɒ low back rounded short monophthong
d voiced alveolar stop
s voiceless alveolar fricative
ɡ voiced velar stop
English to IPA
More than 400 years after his death, Shakespeare
is still acclaimed as the world’s greatest dramatist,
yet the man himself remains shrouded in mystery.
/ mɔː ðæn fɔː hʌnd ɹəd jɪəz ɑːftə hɪz
dɛθ ʃeɪkspɪə ɪz stɪl əkleɪmd æz ðə
wɜːldz gɹeɪtɪst dræmətɪst jɛt ðə mæn
hɪmsɛlf ɹɪmeɪnz ʃ ɹaʊdɪd ɪn mɪstəɹi /
IPA to English
/ əʊvə ðə pɑːst sɛvən jɪəz bɹuːs spɹɪŋstiːn hæz pɹaɪvɪtli dɪvəʊtɪd
hɪmsɛlf tuː ɹaɪtɪŋ ðə stɔːɹi ɒv hɪz laɪf bɹɪŋɪŋ tuː ðiːz peɪdʒɪz ðə seɪm
ɒnɪsti hjuːmə ænd əɹɪd͡ʒənælɪti faʊnd ɪn hɪz sɒŋz /
Over the past seven years, Bruce Springsteen
has privately devoted himself to writing the
story of his life, bringing to these pages the
same honesty, humour and originality found in
his songs.
Extra exercises
Word-level transcription
https://benjamins.com/sites/z.156/exercise/c2q4
https://benjamins.com/sites/z.156/exercise/c2q6
Reading Phonetic Transcription (phrase/sentence level)
https://benjamins.com/sites/z.156/exercise/c2q5
Useful Transcription
Websites
The fist website includes the full IPA symbols and diacritics
https://ipa.typeit.org/full/
https://easypronunciation.com/en/english-phonetic-
transcription-converter
https://www.phonetizer.com/ui
http://www.photransedit.com/online/text2phonetics.aspx
https://tophonetics.com
