Exercise 5 Determine the first derivative of each of the following by using the first principle.

Tentukan terbitan pertama bagi setiap yang berikut dengan menggunakan prinsip pertama.
PL 2 Demonstrate the understanding of differentiation.
Example 4
Example 5 1 y = 5x

y = 3x2 y = 5x  1
y + δy = 5(x + δx)
Solution
y + δy = 5x + 5δx  2
y = 3x2  1
y + δy = 3(x + δx)2 2 − 1,
y + δy = 3[x2 + 2xδx + (δx)2]
δy = 5δx
y + δy = 3x2 + 6xδx + 3(δx)2  2
δy
2 − 1, δx = 5
δy = 6xδx + 3(δx)2 lim
δy
δx → 0 δ x
=5
δy
δx = 6x + 3δx dy
lim / ℎ𝑎𝑑 δy dx = 5
δx → 0 δx → 0 δx = 6x + 3(0)

dy
dx = 6x

Smart Tip
lim / ℎ𝑎𝑑 δy = dy
δx
δx → 0 δx → 0
dx

2 y = 4x2 3
3 y= x
y = 4x2  1
3
y + δy = 4(x + δx)2 y = x  1
y + δy = 4[x2 + 2xδx + (δx)2] 3
y + δy = 4x2 + 8xδx + 4(δx)2  2 y + δy = x + δx  2

2 − 1, 2 – 1,
δy = 8xδx + 4(δx)2 3 3
δy = x + δx − x
δy
δx = 8x + 4δx 3x − 3(x + δx)
δy = x(x + δx)
lim
δy
δx → 0 δ x
= 8x + 4(0)
–3δx
dy δy = x(x + δx)
dx = 8x
δy –3
δx = x(x + δx)
lim
δy –3
δx → 0 δ x
=
x[x + (0)]
dy 3
=– 2
dx x

21

F5 Mod A+ ADDM 2(18-49).indd 21 6/1/2021 10:59:23 AM

 Smart Tip
Video
If y = p(x) ± q(x), then/ Jika y = p(x) ± q(x), maka
Scan or visit https://youtu.be/
dy d d
— = — [𝑝(𝑥)] ± — [𝑞(𝑥)] Jnqe2_jt8Ac to watch a video
dx dx dx on how to differentiate a
dy function.
— = 𝑝′(𝑥) ± 𝑞′(𝑥)
dx For educational purposes only

Exercise 8 Differentiate each of the following with respect to x.

Bezakan setiap yang berikut terhadap x.
PL 2 Demonstrate the understanding of differentiation.

Example 8
1 2x7 − 8x + 9 3 1
2 4x2 +
3x + 5x − 2
4
d 4x − 5x + 9
dx (2x − 8x + 9)
7
PAK-21
d 3 1
Solution = 7(2x7 – 1) – 1(8x1 – 1) dx 4x + 4x − 5x + 9 
2
VIDEO

d = 14x6 − 8
dx (3x + 5x − 2)
4
3x–1–1
= 2(4x2 – 1) + (–1)
4 −
5x1 – 1
= 4(3x4 – 1) + (1)(5x1 – 1 )
3x –2
= 12x3 + 5 = 8x − −5
4
3
= 8x − 4x2 − 5

2 x7 2x x4 − 3
3 x5 + 4 5
x 8 − 3 +9 x

d 5 d x7 2x d x4 − 3
dx (x + 2x )
–1

dx 8 − 3 + 9  dx  x 
= 5(x5 – 1) + (–1)(2x–1 – 1) x7– 1 2x1– 1 d 3
= 5x4 − 2x–2 =7
8  − 3
= dx (x − 3x–1)
2 7x6 2 = 3(x3 – 1) – (–1)(3x–1 – 1)
= 5x4 − 2 = −3
x 8 = 3x2 + 3x–2
3
= 3x2 + 2
x

Exercise 9 Find the gradient function for each of the following.

Cari fungsi kecerunan bagi setiap yang berikut.
PL 3 Apply the understanding of differentiation to perform simple tasks.

Example 9 1 y = x4 − 3x2 + 7x − 12 2 y = 2x(4 − x2)

y = (2x − 1)2
y = x4 − 3x2 + 7x − 12 y = 2x(4 − x2)
dy y = 8x − 2x3
Solution = 4x3 − 6x + 7
dx dy
y = (2x − 1)2 = 8 − 6x2
dx
= (2x − 1)(2x − 1) Expand
= 4x2 − 4x + 1 Kembangkan
dy
dx = 8x − 4

Smart Tip
dy
is also called gradient function.
dx
dy juga dikenali sebagai fungsi kecerunan.
dx

24

F5 Mod A+ ADDM 2(18-49).indd 24 6/1/2021 10:59:26 AM

 3 y = (3x + 10)2 2(2x + 9)2 5 2
4 y= 3 5 
y = 3x −
x 
y = (3x + 10)2
= (3x + 10) (3x + 10) 2 5 2

= 9x2 + 60x + 100

y = 3 (4x2 + 36x + 81)
 x
y = 3x −
dy 8 5 5
= 3 x2 + 24x + 54 = 3x − x 3x − x 
dx = 18x + 60
dy 16 5 5 25
dx = 3 x + 24 = 9x − 3x x  − 3x x  + x
2
2

= 9x2 − 30 + 25x– 2
dy
dx = 18x − 50x
–3

50
= 18x − x3

3 2 5x4 + 6 3x4 − 5x
6 y= x− x  7 y=
x2
8 y=
x3 + 2x − 1

3 2 5x4 + 6 3x4 − 5x
y= x− x y=
x2
y=
x3 + 2x − 1
3 3 = 5x + 6x–2
2
= 3x − 5x + 2x − 1
–2
= x − x x − x 
dy = 5x − 5x–2 − 1
9 dx = 10x − 12x
–3
= x2 − 6 + x2 dy
dx = 5 + 10x
–3
12
= x2 − 6 + 9x–2 = 10x − x3 10
= 5 + x3
dy
dx = 2x − 18x
–3

18
= 2x − x3

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