Hu 1. The word "psychology' comes from.

(a) Latin
(b) Spanish
(c) Greek
(d) Italian

2. The behaviourists rejected introspection because

(a) il was too slow
(b) it invaded people's privacy
(c) it vielded too much data
(d) it was too subjective

[Link] is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes called?

(a) Sociology
(b) Biology
(c) Anthropology
(d) Psychology

4. The father of modem psychology is considered to be

(a) Sigmund Freud
(b) Ivan Pavlov
(c) John Watson
(d) Wilhelm Wundt

5. Freud championed _____psychology

(a) psychodynamic
(b)culture
(c)conscious
(d) biodynamic

6. Who introduced the concept of the unconscious mind and psychoanalysis?

(a) B. F. Skinner
(b) Abraham Maslow
(c) Carl Rogers
(d) Sigmund Freud

7. Darwin's theory of organism__argued that physiological characteristics evolve because they

are useful to the organism
(a) extreme usefulness
(b) natural endowment
(c) natural selection
(d) natural wellbeing

8. The study of how genes and heredity influence behavior falls under which psychological
perspective
(a) Behavioral
(b) Cognitive
(c) Biological
(d) Humanistic

9. The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on

(a) Observable behaviors
(b) Unconscious desires
(c) Mental processes like thinking and memory
(d) Environmental factors

10. "Nature vs. Nurture' debates in psychology pertain to the discussion about the influence of
(a) Genetics vs environment
(b) Biology vs psychology
(c) Behavior vs mental processes
(d) Conscious vs unconscious thoughts

11. The scientific method involves which of the following steps?

(a) Making assumptions and forming beliefs (b) Drawing conclusions without evidence
(c) Formulating a hypothesis and testing it
(d) Ignoring data that contradicts your beliefs

12. Correlation does not imply

(a) Causation
(b) Relationship
(c) Corroboration
(d) Association

13. The term "operant conditioning is associated with which psychologist?

(a) B. F. Skinner
(b) Ivan Pavlov
(c) Sigmund Freud
(d) Carl Rogers

14. Which field of psychology would be most likely to study the influence of over-crowding on
conformity
(a) personality
(b) cognitive
(c) clinical
(d) social

15. The concept of self-actualization is contratto which peychological perspective?

(a)Behavioral
(b) Cognitive
(c) Psychoanalytic
(d) Humanistic

16. Most human behaviour.

(a) can be easily explained
(b) has multiple causes
(c) stems from unconscious desires
(d) depends on social influence

17. The "fight or flight response is associated with which physiological system?
(a) Nervous system
(b) Digestive system
(c) Endocrine system
(d) Immune system

18. The placebo effect occurs when

(a) The researcher intentionally manipulates the results
(b) The participants expectations influence their behavior
(c) The participants are not aware of the experiment's purpose
(d) The researcher uses a control group

19. The ethical principle of informed consent involves

(a) Deceiving participants about the study's purpose
(b) Coercing participants to participate
(c) Ensuring participants are fully aware of the study's purpose and procedures.
(d) Avoiding any potential nsks in the study

20. Which of the following is a measure of centra tendency?

(a) Range
(b) Standard deviation
(c) Variance
(d) Mean

21. A psychologist studying what makes people laugh in different countries around the world is
working on the___ level of explanation
(a) lower
(b) middle
(c)Higher
(d) none of the above

[Link] of the following was most dosety associated with the structuralist school of
psychology?
(a) Titchener
(b) James
(c) Descartes
(d) Watson

23. A sudden, intense fear or anxiety attack is a characteristic symptom of

(a) Bipolar disorder
(b) Schizophrenia
(c) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
(d) Panic disorder

24 The neurotransmitter associated with mood regulation steep, and appetite is

(a) Dopamine
(b) Serotonin
(c) Acetylcholine
(d) GABA

25 .What psychological perspective emphasizes the influence of cultural and social fectors on
behavior?
(a) Behaviour
(b) Cognitive
(C)Seciocultural
(d) Biological

26. Psychology is defined as the scientific study of

(a) people and things
(b) emotions and beliefs
(c) perception and religion
(d) mind and behaviour

27. The scientific approach is more useful at answering questions about than questions about
(a) facts, values
(b)ideas, emotions
(c) values, facts
(d)emotions, facts

28. According to the text, the lower level of explanation corresponds to

(a) social
(b) cultural
(c) biological
(d) interpersonal

29. A psychologist exploring the impact of a new drug on activity in the brain is working on
the___level of explanation
(a) lower
(b) middle
(c) upper
(d) all of the above

30. Which of the following is a key element of the definition of peychology

(a) Studying only human behaviour
(b) Focusing only on observable behaviour
(c) Ignoning the influence of biology and genetics
(d) Studying both behaviour and mental processes

31. Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious desires and conflicts
in influencing behavior?
(a) Behavioral
(b) Cognitive
(c) Psychoanalytic
(d) Humanistic
ellock

34. A forensic psychologest would be most likely to study

(a) the accuracy of eyewitness memory

(b) the impact of advertising on shopping behaviour (c) the effect of hormones on decision
making

(d) gender differences in leaming styles

Ans.(a)

35 is to nature as is to nurture

(a) Plato, Aristotle

(D) Anstotle, Plato

(c) Pliny, Archimedes

(d) Stavros. Pliny

Ans-(a)

36 is the belief that the mind is fundamentally different from the body

(a) mindism

(b) dualism

(C) centralism

(d) specialism

Ans.(b)

37 The process of encoding stoning and retrieving information from memory is [Link]

(a) Conditioning

32. Different people react differently to the same situation. This is referred to as.
(a) multiple determinants
(b) nativism
(c) the Simpson effect
(d) individual differences

33. The term tabula rasa highlights the importance of in shaping behaviour
(a) genes
(b) experience
(c) nature
(d) predestination

34. A forensic psychologest would be most likely to study

(a) the accuracy of eyewitness memory
(b) the impact of advertising on shopping behaviour (c) the effect of hormones on decision
making
(d) gender differences in leaming styles

35 is to nature as is to nurture
(a) Plato, Aristotle
(D) Aristotle, Plato
(c) Pliny, Archimedes
(d) Stavros. Pliny

36 is the belief that the mind is fundamentally different from the body
(a) mindism
(b) dualism
(C) centralism
(d) specialism

37 The process of encoding storing and retrieving information from memory is [Link]
(a)Conditioning
(b)Recall
(c)Perception
(d)Cognition

38. Which of the following is NOT a key goal of psychology?

(a) Understanding and explaining behavior
(b) Predicting behavior
(c) Controlling and manipulating behavior
(d) Observing behavior

39. The school of psychology whose goal was to identify the basic elements of experience was
called
(a) experientialism
(b)dualism
(c) functionalism
(d) structuraitsm

40. Which psychological perspective emphasizes the importance of free will and personal
growth?
(a) Behavioral
b) Cognitive
(c)Humanistic
(d) Biological
41. was to structuralism as was to functionalism
(a) Wundt, Titchener
(b) Wundt, James
(c) James, Titchener
(d) Milner, Thompson

42. Which school of psychology believes that it is impossible to objectively study the mind?
(a) functionalism
(b) behaviorism
(c) humamsm

43. When the majority of the score in a data set cluster around the middle it is described as
(a) Skewed
(b) Positively skewed
(c) Negatively skewed
(d) Normally disturb

44. Receiving an electric shock would be an example of a whereas being frightened would be
an example of a
(a) stimulus, response
(b) punishment, reward
(c) reaction, emotion
(d) reinforcement, stimulus

45. Dr Pula wants to explore differences in child-rearing practices between British and Chinese
[Link] is most likely a
(a) cognitive psychologist
(b) physiological psychologist
(c) cogrtive-ergonomic psychologist
(d) social-cultural psychologist

46. Nature is to___ as nurture is to___

(a) environment/genes
(b) conscious/unconscious
(c) genes/environment
(d) unconscious/conscious

47 Freud emphasized the role of __in shaping people's personality

(a) free will
(b) unconscious desires
(c) hormones
(d) group inliuence

48. Evolutionary psychology has its roots in

(a) behaviourism
(b) collectivism
(c) functionalism
(d) structuralism

49. The independent variable in an experiment is

(a) The variable being measured
(b) The variable that is manipulated
(c) The outcome of the experiment
(4) The control group

50. The Greek philosopher believed that knowledge is acquired through experience and
learning
(a) Archimedes
(b) Rousseau
(c) Plato
(d) Aristotle

51 ____is to nature as___ to nurture

(a) environment, genes
(b) conscious, unconscious
(c)Inaccuracy, accuracy
(d) biology experience

52 Another term for reinforcement is.

(a) stimulus
(b) reward
(c) response
(d) condition

53 East Asian cultures tend to be more oriented toward tend to be more oriented toward while
Westem cultures
(a) individualism/collectivism
(b) collectivism/individualism
(c) cultural norms/social norms
(d) social norms/cultural norms

54. Watson and Skinner both contributed to which school of psychology?

(a) functionalism
(b) cognitive
(c) social-cultural
(d) behaviourism

55. Which research method involves observing and recording behavior in its natural
environment without interference?
(a) Survey
(b) Case study
(c) Experiment
(d) Naturalistic observation