NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

10-1 Skills Practice

Circles and Circumference
For Exercises 1⫺5, refer to the circle. A D

1. Name the circle. 2. Name a radius. C

P
E
3. Name a chord. 4. Name a diameter. B

5. Name a radius not drawn as part of a diameter.

6. Suppose the diameter of the circle is 16 centimeters. Find the radius.

7. If PC ⫽ 11 inches, find AB.

The diameters of 䉺F and 䉺G are 5 and 6 units, respectively.

Find each measure.

8. BF 9. AB A
B F G
C

The radius, diameter, or circumference of a circle is given. Find the missing

measures to the nearest hundredth.

10. r ⫽ 8 cm 11. r ⫽ 13 ft
d⫽ ,C⬇ d⫽ ,C⬇

12. d ⫽ 9 m 13. C ⫽ 35.7 in.

r⫽ ,C⬇ d⬇ ,r⬇

Find the exact circumference of each circle.

14. 15.

8 ft
3 cm
15 ft

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10-1 Practice
Circles and Circumference
For Exercises 1⫺5, refer to the circle. S

1. Name the circle. 2. Name a radius. R

L

T
3. Name a chord. 4. Name a diameter. W

5. Name a radius not drawn as part of a diameter.

6. Suppose the radius of the circle is 3.5 yards. Find the diameter.

7. If RT ⫽ 19 meters, find LW.

The diameters of 䉺L and 䉺M are 20 and 13 units, respectively.

Find each measure if QR ⫽ 4.
L Q R
P S
8. LQ 9. RM M

The radius, diameter, or circumference of a circle is given. Find the missing

measures to the nearest hundredth.

10. r ⫽ 7.5 mm 11. C ⫽ 227.6 yd

d⫽ ,C⬇ d⬇ ,r⬇

Find the exact circumference of each circle.

12. 13.

R K
24 cm 42 mi
7 cm
40 mi

SUNDIALS For Exercises 14 and 15, use the following information.

Herman purchased a sundial to use as the centerpiece for a garden. The diameter of the
sundial is 9.5 inches.

14. Find the radius of the sundial.

15. Find the circumference of the sundial to the nearest hundredth.

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10-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Circles and Circumference
Pre-Activity How far does a carousel animal travel in one rotation?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-1 at the top of page 522 in your textbook.
How could you measure the approximate distance around the circular
carousel using everyday measuring devices?

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to the figure. S
a. Name the circle. R
U
b. Name four radii of the circle. Q
T
c. Name a diameter of the circle.
P
d. Name two chords of the circle.

2. Match each description from the first column with the best term from the second
column. (Some terms in the second column may be used more than once or not at all.)
a. a segment whose endpoints are on a circle i. radius
b. the set of all points in a plane that are the same distance ii. diameter
from a given point iii. chord
c. the distance between the center of a circle and any point on iv. circle
the circle
v. circumference
d. a chord that passes through the center of a circle
e. a segment whose endpoints are the center and any point on
a circle
f. a chord made up of two collinear radii
g. the distance around a circle

3. Which equations correctly express a relationship in a circle?

C
A. d ⫽ 2r B. C ⫽ ␲r C. C ⫽ 2d D. d ⫽ ᎏ␲ᎏ
d 1
E. r ⫽ ᎏ␲ᎏ F. C ⫽ r 2 G. C ⫽ 2␲r H. d ⫽ ᎏᎏr
2

Helping You Remember

4. A good way to remember a new geometric term is to relate the word or its parts to
geometric terms you already know. Look up the origins of the two parts of the word
diameter in your dictionary. Explain the meaning of each part and give a term you
already know that shares the origin of that part.

180
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10-2 Skills Practice

Angles and Arcs
ALGEBRA In 䉺R, 苶
AC苶 and 苶
EB苶 are diameters. Find each
C
measure. D
(15x ⫹ 3)⬚
1. m⬔ERD 2. m⬔CRD 4x ⬚ (7x ⫺ 5)⬚
E B
R

3. m⬔BRC 4. m⬔ARB A

5. m⬔ARE 6. m⬔BRD

In 䉺A, m⬔PAU ⫽ 40, ⬔PAU ⬵ ⬔SAT, and ⬔RAS ⬵ ⬔TAU. S

Find each measure. T R

២ ២
7. mPQ 8. mPQR U A

P Q
២ ២
9. mST 10. mRS

២ ២
11. mRSU 12. mSTP

២ ២
13. mPQS 14. mPRU

The diameter of 䉺D is 18 units long. Find the length of each arc N M

for the given angle measure.
២ ២ D
15. LM if m⬔LDM ⫽ 100 16. MN if m⬔MDN ⫽ 80 J

L
K

២ ២
17. KL if m⬔KDL ⫽ 60 18. NJK if m⬔NDK ⫽ 120

២ ២
19. KLM if m⬔KDM ⫽ 160 20. JK if m⬔JDK ⫽ 50

181
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10-2 Practice
Angles and Arcs
ALGEBRA In 䉺Q, 苶
AC苶 and 苶苶 are diameters. Find each
BD
E D
measure. (5x ⫹ 3)⬚

1. m⬔AQE 2. m⬔DQE
(6x ⫹ 5)⬚ (8x ⫹ 1)⬚
A C
Q
3. m⬔CQD 4. m⬔BQC

B
5. m⬔CQE 6. m⬔AQD

In 䉺P, m⬔GPH ⫽ 38. Find each measure. D H

២ ២
7. mEF 8. mDE G
E P
២ ២ F
9. mFG 10. mDHG

២ ២
11. mDFG 12. mDGE

The radius of 䉺Z is 13.5 units long. Find the length of each arc S
for the given angle measure. T
P
២
13. QPT if m⬔QZT ⫽ 120
២
14. QR if m⬔QZR ⫽ 60 Z

Q R

២ ២
15. PQR if m⬔PZR ⫽ 150 16. QPS if m⬔QZS ⫽ 160

HOMEWORK For Exercises 17 and 18, refer to the table, Homework

which shows the number of hours students at Leland
Less than 1 hour 8%
High School say they spend on homework each night.
1–2 hours 29%
17. If you were to construct a circle graph of the data, how many
2–3 hours 58%
degrees would be allotted to each category?
3–4 hours 3%
Over 4 hours 2%

18. Describe the arcs associated with each category.

182
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10-2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Angles and Arcs
Pre-Activity What kinds of angles do the hands on a clock form?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-2 at the top of page 529 in your textbook.
• What is the measure of the angle formed by the hour hand and the
minute hand of the clock at 5:00?
• What is the measure of the angle formed by the hour hand and the minute
hand at 10:30? (Hint: How has each hand moved since 10:00?)

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to 䉺P. Indicate whether each statement is true or false. B
២ A
a. DAB is a major arc. 52⬚
២
b. ADC is a semicircle. P
២ ២
c. AD ⬵ CD
២ ២ D C
d. DA and AB are adjacent arcs.
e. ⬔BPC is an acute central angle.
f. ⬔DPA and ⬔BPA are supplementary central angles.

2. Refer to the figure in Exercise 1. Give each of the following arc measures.
២ ២
a. mAB b. mCD
២ ២
c. mBC d. mADC
២ ២
e. mDAB f. mDCB
២ ២
g. mDAC h. mBDA

3. Underline the correct word or number to form a true statement.

a. The arc measure of a semicircle is (90/180/360).
b. Arcs of a circle that have exactly one point in common are
(congruent/opposite/adjacent) arcs.
c. The measure of a major arc is greater than (0/90/180) and less than (90/180/360).
d. Suppose a set of central angles of a circle have interiors that do not overlap. If the
angles and their interiors contain all points of the circle, then the sum of the
measures of the central angles is (90/270/360).
e. The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is the (sum/difference/product) of
the measures of the two arcs.
f. The measure of a minor arc is greater than (0/90/180) and less than (90/180/360).

Helping You Remember

4. A good way to remember something is to explain it to someone else. Suppose your
classmate Luis does not like to work with proportions. What is a way that he can find
the length of a minor arc of a circle without solving a proportion?

183
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10-3 Skills Practice

Arcs and Chords
២ ២
苶U
In 䉺H, mRS ⫽ 82, mTU ⫽ 82, RS ⫽ 46, and T苶⬵苶
RS苶. A
Find each measure. R S
M
1. TU 2. TK
H

K
T U
3. MS 4. m⬔HKU D

២ ២
5. mAS 6. mAR

២ ២
7. mTD 8. mDU

២
The radius of 䉺Y is 34, AB ⫽ 60, and mAC ⫽ 71. Find each
measure.
២ ២
9. mBC 10. mAB Y
B
D
A
C
11. AD 12. BD

13. YD 14. DC

In 䉺X, LX ⫽ MX, XY ⫽ 58, and VW ⫽ 84. Find each measure. W Y

15. YZ 16. YM L
M
V X
Z
17. MX 18. MZ

19. LV 20. LX

184
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10-3 Practice
Arcs and Chords
២
In 䉺E, mHQ ⫽ 48, HI ⫽ JK, and JR ⫽ 7.5. Find each measure.
២ ២ K
1. mHI 2. mQI E
H R
P
S
Q
២ I J
3. mJK 4. HI

5. PI 6. JK

២
The radius of 䉺N is 18, NK ⫽ 9, and mDE ⫽ 120. Find each Y
measure.
K
២
7. mGE 8. m⬔HNE N
X
D H E

G
9. m⬔HEN 10. HN

២ ២
The radius of 䉺O ⫽ 32, PQ ⬵ RS , and PQ ⫽ 56. Find each
measure. P B
Q
R
11. PB 14. BQ O
A

12. OB 16. RS

13. MANDALAS The base figure in a mandala design is a nine-pointed

star. Find the measure of each arc of the circle circumscribed about
the star.

185
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10-3 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Arcs and Chords
Pre-Activity How do the grooves in a Belgian waffle iron model segments in a
circle?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-3 at the top of page 536 in your textbook.
What do you observe about any two of the grooves in the waffle iron shown
in the picture in your textbook?

Reading the Lesson

1. Supply the missing words or phrases to form true statements.
a. In a circle, if a radius is to a chord, then it bisects the chord and its
.
b. In a circle or in circles, two are congruent if and
only if their corresponding chords are congruent.
c. In a circle or in circles, two chords are congruent if they are
from the center.
d. A polygon is inscribed in a circle if all of its lie on the circle.
e. All of the sides of an inscribed polygon are of the circle.

2. If 䉺P has a diameter 40 centimeters long, and B

AC ⫽ FD ⫽ 24 centimeters, find each measure. A C
G
a. PA b. AG
P D
c. PE d. PH H
E
e. HE f. FG F
២
3. In 䉺Q, RS ⫽ VW and mRS ⫽ 70. Find each measure.
R
២ ២
a. mRT b. mST
K Q
២ ២ T
c. mVW d. mVU W

S M
U
V

4. Find the measure of each arc of a circle that is circumscribed about the polygon.
a. an equilateral triangle b. a regular pentagon
c. a regular hexagon d. a regular decagon
e. a regular dodecagon f. a regular n-gon

Helping You Remember

5. Some students have trouble distinguishing between inscribed and circumscribed figures.
What is an easy way to remember which is which?

186
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10-4 Skills Practice

Inscribed Angles
២ ២ ២
In 䉺S, mKL ⫽ 80, mLM ⫽ 100, and mMN ⫽ 60. Find the measure K L
of each angle. 1 2
6 3
S
1. m⬔1 2. m⬔2
4
5
M
N
3. m⬔3 4. m⬔4

5. m⬔5 6. m⬔6

ALGEBRA Find the measure of each numbered angle.

7. m⬔1 ⫽ 5x ⫺ 2, m⬔2 ⫽ 2x ⫹ 8 8. m⬔1 ⫽ 5x, m⬔3 ⫽ 3x ⫹ 10,
m⬔4 ⫽ y ⫹ 7, m⬔6 ⫽ 3y ⫹ 11
B G
F 3
2
4
1 2 U
A C
J 1
6
I 5
H

២
Quadrilateral RSTU is inscribed in 䉺P such that mSTU ⫽ 220 U
and m⬔S ⫽ 95. Find each measure.
T
9. m⬔R 10. m⬔T P

S
២
11. m⬔U 12. mSRU

២ ២
13. mRUT 14. mRST

187
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10-4 Practice
Inscribed Angles
២ ២
In 䉺B, mWX ⫽ 104, mWZ ⫽ 88, and m⬔ZWY ⫽ 26. Find the Y
measure of each angle. Z
6
1
1. m⬔1 2. m⬔2
2 B 5
3 4
W X
3. m⬔3 4. m⬔4

5. m⬔5 6. m⬔6

ALGEBRA Find the measure of each numbered angle.

7. m⬔1 ⫽ 5x ⫹ 2, m⬔2 ⫽ 2x ⫺ 3 8. m⬔1 ⫽ 4x ⫺ 7, m⬔2 ⫽ 2x ⫹ 11,
m⬔3 ⫽ 7y ⫺ 1, m⬔4 ⫽ 2y ⫹ 10 m⬔3 ⫽ 5y ⫺ 14, m⬔4 ⫽ 3y ⫹ 8
H A
G 13
1
I
B
U R 2
4
24
D 3

J C

២
Quadrilateral EFGH is inscribed in 䉺N such that mFG ⫽ 97, E
២ ២
mGH ⫽ 117, and mEHG ⫽ 164. Find each measure.
H F
9. m⬔E 10. m⬔F N

11. m⬔G 12. m⬔H G

13. PROBABILITY In 䉺V, point C is randomly located so that it R

២
does not coincide with points R or S. If mRS ⫽ 140, what is the
140⬚
probability that m⬔RCS ⫽ 70?
V
70⬚
C

188
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10-4 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Inscribed Angles
Pre-Activity How is a socket like an inscribed polygon?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-4 at the top of page 544 in your textbook.
• Why do you think regular hexagons are used rather than squares for the
“hole” in a socket?

• Why do you think regular hexagons are used rather than regular
polygons with more sides?

Reading the Lesson

1. Underline the correct word or phrase to form a true statement.
a. An angle whose vertex is on a circle and whose sides contain chords of the circle is
called a(n) (central/inscribed/circumscribed) angle.
b. Every inscribed angle that intercepts a semicircle is a(n) (acute/right/obtuse) angle.
c. The opposite angles of an inscribed quadrilateral are
(congruent/complementary/supplementary).
d. An inscribed angle that intercepts a major arc is a(n) (acute/right/obtuse) angle.
e. Two inscribed angles of a circle that intercept the same arc are
(congruent/complementary/supplementary).
f. If a triangle is inscribed in a circle and one of the sides of the triangle is a diameter of
the circle, the diameter is (the longest side of an acute triangle/a leg of an isosceles
triangle/the hypotenuse of a right triangle).

2. Refer to the figure. Find each measure. B 68⬚

២
a. m⬔ABC b. mCD C
២
c. mAD d. m⬔BAC P
២
e. m⬔BCA f. mAB A 59⬚

២ ២ D
g. mBCD h. mBDA

Helping You Remember

3. A good way to remember a geometric relationship is to visualize it. Describe how you
could make a sketch that would help you remember the relationship between the
measure of an inscribed angle and the measure of its intercepted arc.

189
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10-5 Skills Practice

Tangents
Determine whether each segment is tangent to the given circle.

苶I苶
1. H 苶B
2. A苶
H 40 A
I
9 4 12
41
C B
G 13

Find x. Assume that segments that appear to be tangent are tangent.

3. P 4. B
3x ⫺ 6 4x ⫹ 2

R W A H
x ⫹ 10 2x ⫹ 8
Q C

5. F 6. W
8 x x

E G Y
17 24
10
Z

Find the perimeter of each polygon for the given information. Assume that
segments that appear to be tangent are tangent.

7. QT ⫽ 4, PT ⫽ 9, SR ⫽ 13 8. HIJK is a rhombus, SI ⫽ 5, HR ⫽ 13
Q S I
U H
V
T T

R
P K U J
R
S

190
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10-5 Practice
Tangents
Determine whether each segment is tangent to the given circle.

苶P
1. M苶 苶R
2. Q苶
M
20 Q
21 50
L P P
28 48
14
R

Find x. Assume that segments that appear to be tangent are tangent.

3. T 4. T
7x ⫺ 3 x

L S 15 P
10
5x ⫹ 1 S
U

Find the perimeter of each polygon for the given information. Assume that
segments that appear to be tangent are tangent.

5. CD ⫽ 52, CU ⫽ 18, TB ⫽ 12 6. KG ⫽ 32, HG ⫽ 56

C
U
L
T K

B D H G
V

CLOCKS For Exercises 7 and 8, use the following B 2 in.

information. D 11 12 1
E
10 2
The design shown in the figure is that of a circular clock 9
8 4
3
7 6 5
face inscribed in a triangular base. AF and FC are equal. A C
F 7.5 in.
7. Find AB.

8. Find the perimeter of the clock.

191
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10-5 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Tangents
Pre-Activity How are tangents related to track and field events?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-5 at the top of page 552 in your textbook.
How is the hammer throw event related to the mathematical concept of a
tangent line?

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to the figure. Name each of the following in the figure. Q
T R
a. two lines that are tangent to 䉺P
P
b. two points of tangency U
S
c. two chords of the circle

d. three radii of the circle

e. two right angles

f. two congruent right triangles

g. the hypotenuse or hypotenuses in the two congruent right triangles

h. two congruent central angles

i. two congruent minor arcs

j. an inscribed angle

2. Explain the difference between an inscribed polygon and a circumscribed polygon. Use
the words vertex and tangent in your explanation.

Helping You Remember

3. A good way to remember a mathematical term is to relate it to a word or expression that
is used in a nonmathematical way. Sometimes a word or expression used in English is
derived from a mathematical term. What does it mean to “go off on a tangent,” and how
is this meaning related to the geometric idea of a tangent line?

192
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10-6 Skills Practice

Secants, Tangents, and Angle Measures
Find each measure.

1. m⬔1 2. m⬔2 3. m⬔3

50⬚ 48⬚ 198⬚

1
56⬚ 2 38⬚

4. m⬔4 5. m⬔5 6. m⬔6

66⬚ 228⬚

6
5
4
124⬚
50⬚

Find x. Assume that any segment that appears to be tangent is tangent.

7. 8. 100⬚ 9. 144⬚
72⬚
120⬚ 40⬚ x⬚
x⬚ x⬚ 60⬚
140⬚

10. 11. 12.

x⬚
45⬚

x⬚ 34⬚ x⬚
84⬚

193
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10-6 Practice
Secants, Tangents, and Angle Measures
Find each measure.

1. m⬔1 2. m⬔2 3. m⬔3

56⬚
216⬚
1 3

2
134⬚
146⬚

Find x. Assume that any segment that appears to be tangent is tangent.

7. 8. 15⬚ 9.
101⬚ 2x ⬚

39⬚ 59⬚ 62⬚ 116⬚

x⬚
x⬚

10. x⬚
11. 12.
52⬚
63⬚
x⬚
5x ⬚ x⬚
37⬚

9. RECREATION In a game of kickball, Rickie has to kick the

២
ball through a semicircular goal to score. If mXZ ⫽ 58 and
២ X goal
the mXY ⫽ 122, at what angle must Rickie kick the ball
to score? Explain. B
(ball) Z Y

194
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10-6 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Secants, Tangents, and Angle Measures
Pre-Activity How is a rainbow formed by segments of a circle?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-6 at the top of page 561 in your textbook.
• How would you describe ⬔C in the figure in your textbook?

• When you see a rainbow, where is the sun in relation to the circle of
which the rainbow is an arc?

Reading the Lesson

1. Underline the correct word to form a true statement.
a. A line can intersect a circle in at most (one/two/three) points.
b. A line that intersects a circle in exactly two points is called a (tangent/secant/radius).
c. A line that intersects a circle in exactly one point is called a (tangent/secant/radius).
d. Every secant of a circle contains a (radius/tangent/chord).

2. Determine whether each statement is always, sometimes, or never true.

a. A secant of a circle passes through the center of the circle.
b. A tangent to a circle passes through the center of the circle.
c. A secant-secant angle is a central angle of the circle.
d. A vertex of a secant-tangent angle is a point on the circle.
e. A secant-tangent angle passes through the center of the circle.
f. The vertex of a tangent-tangent angle is a point on the circle.
g. If one side of a secant-tangent angle passes through the center of the circle, the angle
is a right angle.
h. The measure of a secant-secant angle is one-half the positive difference of the
measures of its intercepted arcs.
i. The sum of the measures of the arcs intercepted by a tangent-tangent angle is 360.

j. The two arcs intercepted by a tangent-tangent angle are congruent.

Helping You Remember

4. Some students have trouble remembering the difference between a secant and a tangent.
What is an easy way to remember which is which?

195
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10-7 Skills Practice

Special Segments in a Circle
Find x to the nearest tenth. Assume that segments that appear to be tangent are
tangent.

1. 2. 3.
3 6 6
15 x
9 9
7 x
18 12
x

4. 5.
4 x
16
5 2
x
7 9

6. 7.
x
13
5
10 8
9 x

8. 9.
x⫹2 x

2 x⫹6
12
6

196
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10-7 Practice
Special Segments in a Circle
Find x to the nearest tenth. Assume that segments that appear to be tangent are
tangent.

1. 5
2. 3.
11 11
20
x 8 21
9
4 7
x x

4. 5.
8 15
17
10 x
x 14
3

6. 7.
5 x

6 6
15
x x⫺3

8. 9.
25
20
20

x x x⫺6

10. CONSTRUCTION An arch over an apartment entrance is

3 feet high and 9 feet wide. Find the radius of the circle 3 ft
containing the arc of the arch.
9 ft

197
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10-7 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Special Segments in a Circle
Pre-Activity How are lengths of intersecting chords related?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-7 at the top of page 569 in your textbook.
• What kinds of angles of the circle are formed at the points of the star?

• What is the sum of the measures of the five angles of the star?

Reading the Lesson

1. Refer to 䉺O. Name each of the following. D
B C
a. a diameter F
O E
b. a chord that is not a diameter G
A

c. two chords that intersect in the interior of the circle

d. an exterior point

e. two secant segments that intersect in the exterior of the circle

f. a tangent segment

g. a right angle

h. an external secant segment

i. a secant-tangent angle with vertex on the circle

j. an inscribed angle

2. Supply the missing length to complete each equation. B C

H
a. BH ⭈ HD ⫽ FH ⭈ b. AC ⭈ AF ⫽ AD ⭈ G
F O
E D
c. AD ⭈ AE ⫽ AB ⭈ d. AB ⫽
A
I
e. AF ⭈ AC ⫽ ( )2 f. EG ⭈ ⫽ FG ⭈ GC

Helping You Remember

3. Some students find it easier to remember geometric theorems if they restate them in
their own words. Restate Theorem 10.16 in a way that you find easier to remember.

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 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

10-8 Skills Practice

Equations of Circles
Write an equation for each circle.

1. center at origin, r ⫽ 6 2. center at (0, 0), r ⫽ 2

3. center at (4, 3), r ⫽ 9 4. center at (7, 1), d ⫽ 24

5. center at (⫺5, 2), r ⫽ 4 6. center at (6, ⫺8), d ⫽ 10

7. a circle with center at (8, 4) and a radius with endpoint (0, 4)

8. a circle with center at (⫺2, ⫺7) and a radius with endpoint (0, 7)

9. a circle with center at (⫺3, 9) and a radius with endpoint (1, 9)

10. a circle whose diameter has endpoints (⫺3, 0) and (3, 0)

Graph each equation.

11. x2 ⫹ y2 ⫽ 16 12. (x ⫺ 1)2 ⫹ ( y ⫺ 4)2 ⫽ 9

y y

O x

O x

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 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

10-8 Practice
Equations of Circles
Write an equation for each circle.

1. center at origin, r ⫽ 7 2. center at (0, 0), d ⫽ 18

3. center at (⫺7, 11), r ⫽ 8 4. center at (12, ⫺9), d ⫽ 22

5. center at (⫺6, ⫺4), r ⫽ 兹5

苶 6. center at (3, 0), d ⫽ 28

7. a circle with center at (⫺5, 3) and a radius with endpoint (2, 3)

8. a circle whose diameter has endpoints (4, 6) and (⫺2, 6)

Graph each equation.

9. x2 ⫹ y2 ⫽ 4 10. (x ⫹ 3)2 ⫹ ( y ⫺ 3)2 ⫽ 9

y y

O x

O x

11. EARTHQUAKES When an earthquake strikes, it releases seismic waves that travel in
concentric circles from the epicenter of the earthquake. Seismograph stations monitor
seismic activity and record the intensity and duration of earthquakes. Suppose a station
determines that the epicenter of an earthquake is located about 50 kilometers from the
station. If the station is located at the origin, write an equation for the circle that
represents a possible epicenter of the earthquake.

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 NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

10-8 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Equations of Circles
Pre-Activity What kind of equations describe the ripples of a splash?
Read the introduction to Lesson 10-8 at the top of page 575 in your textbook.
In a series of concentric circles, what is the same about all the circles, and
what is different?

Reading the Lesson

1. Identify the center and radius of each circle.
a. (x ⫺ 2)2 ⫹ ( y ⫺ 3)2 ⫽ 16 b. (x ⫹ 1)2 ⫹ ( y ⫹ 5)2 ⫽ 9
c. x2 ⫹ y2 ⫽ 49 d. (x ⫺ 8)2 ⫹ ( y ⫹ 1)2 ⫽ 36
e. x2 ⫹ ( y ⫺ 10)2 ⫽ 144 f. (x ⫹ 3)2 ⫹ y2 ⫽ 5

2. Write an equation for each circle.

a. center at origin, r ⫽ 8
b. center at (3, 9), r ⫽ 1
c. center at (⫺5, ⫺6), r ⫽ 10
d. center at (0, ⫺7), r ⫽ 7
e. center at (12, 0), d ⫽ 12
f. center at (⫺4, 8), d ⫽ 22
g. center at (4.5, ⫺3.5), r ⫽ 1.5
h. center at (0, 0), r ⫽ 兹苶13

3. Write an equation for each circle.

a. y b. y

O x

O x

c. y d. y

O x O x

Helping You Remember

4. A good way to remember a new mathematical formula or equation is to relate it to one
you already know. How can you use the Distance Formula to help you remember the
standard equation of a circle?

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