BSM IE2
On
Case Study : Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
By
Sr. No Name PRN No.
1 Pratik Nagare 122B2B295
2 Aniket Gavkare 122B2B282
3 Vineet Morankar 122B2B294
4 Moin Shaikh 122B2B301
5 Raghvendra Kalkutaki 122B2B286
Under the guidance
Of
Mrs. Jayashree Changade
T.Y [Link] (Semester – VI) 2023-24
Department of Computer Engineering
PCET’s Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering
Sector No.26, Pradhikaran, Nigdi,
Pune – 411044
Introduction
Title :- Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Location :- Singapore, fronting Marina Bay
Designer :- Moshe Safdie architects.
Owned By :- Las Vegas Sands Corporation
Built in Cost :- US$6.88 billion in 2010
Area Covered :- 570,000 square meters
Facilities :- MBS is a luxury integrated resort featuring a hotel, casino, retail mall,
convention facilities, entertainment venues, two floating crystal pavilions, art-
science exhibits.
Architectural Features :-
• Marina Bay Sands comprises three 57- story towers topped by the Sands
Skypark.
• The Skypark includes a skyway connecting 340-meter-long sections with a
total capacity of 3,902 people.
• It features a 150-meter (490 ft) infinity swimming pool, set on top of the
world's largest public cantilevered platform, which overhangs the north
tower by 66.5 meters (218 ft).
• The towers are connected by a pedestrian thoroughfare at ground level
and by a 2.5 acre garden skypark on the 57th floor with restaurants and
gardens.
Case Study : Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
We have selected Marina Bay Sands as the case study due to its innovative and
comprehensive structure. Marina Bay Sands (MBS) is a luxury integrated resort in Singapore
that includes a hotel, casino, retail mall, convention facilities, and entertainment venues. The
resort is located on 570,000 square meters of waterfront property at Marina Bay and is
operated by Las Vegas Sands (LVS) Corp. MBS has three 57-story towers with luxurious rooms
and suites, personal butler services, and views of the sea. The towers are connected by a
pedestrian thoroughfare at ground level and by a 2.5 acre garden skypark on the 57th floor
with restaurants and gardens.
Fig. 1 Marina Bay Sands Resort
MBS Structure Overview -
Fig. 2 MBS Structure
• MBS: Integrated Resort consists of mixed used occupancy including shops, places of public
resort, offices and car parks.
• Podium - Meeting, Incentives, Convention and Exhibition (MICE) Areas, Expo and
Congress, Casino, Retail, Theatres, Crystal Pavilions, ArtScience Museum, District Cooling
System (DCS) Building, Carparks.
• Hotel – Hotel Towers and Sky park, Carparks.
Fire Safety Provisions –
Fig.3 Fire Protection facilities in MBS
Some of fire safety provisions at Marina Bay Sands:
Emergency Voice Communication :
- When a fire is detected, a voice system automatically gives instructions in areas like
basements, staircases, lobbies, and corridors leading to exits.
- Two-way communication is set up between the fire command center and important areas
like firefighting lobbies, mechanical equipment rooms, lift machine rooms, and areas of
refuge.
Devices Warning System :
- There's a continuous alarm system that detects any trouble or emergency signals 24/7.
Fire Sprinkler Systems :
- Automatic sprinkler systems are installed and tested according to safety codes.
- Sprinklers are designed with different temperature ratings and discharge densities
depending on the area's hazard level.
- Special sprinklers are used for areas like kitchen ventilation hoods and atriums to provide
effective fire suppression.
Fig. 4 Types of Fire Sprinklers
Kitchen Hood Fire Suppression Systems :
- Kitchen areas have specialized fire suppression systems installed above the cooking hoods.
- These systems use foam from individual cylinders to suppress fires, either automatically
triggered by heat or manually activated.
Fig. 5 Structure of Fire Suppression System
Building Acoustics –
- Marina Bay Sands' theaters, including the Mastercard Theaters, are designed with a focus
on maintaining high-quality acoustics to enhance the audience's experience.
- The theaters utilize a traditional reinforced concrete outer and inner frame construction,
known as "box in box" theaters, which provides significant acoustic advantages.
- This construction method involves separate outer and inner structures, which helps in
isolating external noise and vibrations from affecting the theater's internal sound quality.
- The air space between the partitions further improves the acoustics of the building by
reducing sound transmission between spaces.
- The theater stage is made of a concrete slab with a central area filled with platforms
arranged in a specific layout to optimize sound distribution.
- Additionally, at level 4 under the roof, a composite floor slab was designed to support MEP
(Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing) rooms, contributing to the overall acoustic performance
of the theaters.
Fig 6. Master Card Theater’s Floor Plan
Building Sanitation System –
- The hotel's sanitation facilities are crafted with the finest materials and cutting-edge
technology to meet the highest standards of cleanliness and well-being.
- Each room features luxurious bathrooms equipped with KALDEWEI Mega Duo Oval whirl
baths with the Vivo Turbo system, offering guests a personalized and relaxing bathing
experience.
- The whirl baths are made of KALDEWEI steel enamel, which provides a smooth, durable
surface that is easy to clean and maintain. The pearl effect prevents bacteria and dirt from
adhering to the surface, ensuring hygienic conditions.
- The whirl system operates without pipes, eliminating the risk of residual water where dirt
and germs could accumulate. The jets automatically empty after each use, further
enhancing cleanliness.
- All components of the whirl bath that come into contact with water are easy to clean with
a hand shower, minimizing the need for chemical cleaners and ensuring a high level of
hygiene.
Fig. 7 Luxurious Bathroom’s Structure
Water Supply and Purification System –
Water Source and Treatment:
- Marina Bay Sands relies on Marina Reservoir, a freshwater source used for various
purposes, including drinking water supply, irrigation, and industrial use.
- Water from Marina Reservoir undergoes treatment at a water treatment plant to
meet Singapore’s stringent quality standards.
Wastewater Management:
- After events like New Year’s Eve and National Day, water from Marina Bay is collected and
treated at a wastewater treatment plant before discharge into the sea.
- Advanced technologies like membrane bioreactors and reverse osmosis are used for
wastewater treatment.
- The treated wastewater is carefully managed to prevent pollution and maintain water
quality.
Water Quality Monitoring:
- The Public Utilities Board (PUB) monitors water quality in Marina Bay regularly.
- Sensors and monitoring stations throughout the reservoir collect real-time data on water
quality.
- This monitoring ensures that water remains safe and suitable for various uses.
Stormwater Management:
- A comprehensive drainage system manages stormwater runoff, preventing pollutants
from degrading water quality.
- Underground drains and canals collect stormwater for treatment before discharge into the
reservoir.
- This system ensures that stormwater does not negatively impact water quality.
Water Sustainability:
- Marina Bay Sands adopts a diversified approach to water supply,
including desalination, water reuse, and rainwater harvesting.
- This approach ensures self-sufficiency in water supply and reduces dependence on
imported water.
Fig 8. Singapore Water Loop
Rain Water Harvesting –
ArtScience Museum (ASM):
- The ArtScience Museum at Marina Bay Sands collects rainwater on its roof using a rain
harvesting system. This water cascades into a pool below.
- The collected rainwater is then recycled within the building’s flush water toilet systems.
- Additionally, a drip irrigation system waters plants and shrubs, avoiding wasteful spraying
or evaporation.
Rain Oculus:
- The Rain Oculus, located within the Shoppes at Marina Bay Sands, uses rainwater for its
water feature.
- Instead of pumping in fresh drinking water, this captivating installation recycles rainwater.
- The collected rainwater is also reused for toilet flushing and forms part of the canal for the
Sampan ride.
Water Stewardship:
- Marina Bay Sands is committed to water conservation.
- The resort collects and recycles water from 3,000 air-conditioning units across its three
hotel towers.
- This recycled water is used for landscaping and irrigation, resulting in significant water
savings—averaging 77,000 liters per day3.
Fig 9. Rain Oculus
Conclusion
In conclusion, the case study of Marina Bay Sands (MBS) in Singapore showcases a remarkable
integration of innovative design, advanced technology, and sustainable practices across
various domains. It employs advanced fire safety measures like emergency voice systems and
sprinklers while its architectural design enhances building acoustics. In terms of water
management, the resort relies on Marina Reservoir, ensuring water quality through rigorous
treatment. It also complies with regulations, employing wastewater treatment and
stormwater management systems. Moreover, it adopts sustainable practices like rainwater
harvesting, showcasing a commitment to environmental stewardship and regulatory
compliance.
References
1. Safdie, Moshe. "Case Study, Marina Bay Sands, Singapore." CTBUH J 2011, no. 1217
(2011): 28.
2. Marina Bay Sands Singapore. “Sands Expo & Convention Centre Floor plan”, Available
online: [Link] (Accessed on 31 May 2019)
3. Marina Bay Sands, The Arup Journall, Issue 1, pp. 1-83, 2012.
4. M. Safdie, “Case Study: Marina Bay Sands, Singapore”, CTBUCH Research Paper, Issue I,
pp. 12-17, 2011.
5. R. L. Reid, “Towering Imagination”, Civil Engineering, pp. 51-59, August 2011.
6. W. F. Knight, F. Johari, “Singapore’s Marina Bay Sands Development”, Foundation Drilling,
pp. 16-25, June/July 2012.
7. P. McCafferty, P. Brodkin, D. Farnsworth, D. Scott, “Engineering an Icon. The Marina Bay
Sands Integrated resort”, Structure Magazine, pp. 29-33, June 2011.
8. Y. Miwa, :”SkyPark – A Huge Rooftop, Steel Sgtructure Spanning Three High-rise Towers”,
Steel Construction Today & Tomorrow, No 34, pp. 4-7, 2011.
9. L. Kong, “Making Sustainable Creative/Cultural Space in Shanghai and Singapore”,
Singapore Management University, pp. 1-30, 2009.
