CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB EEE

CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE

LABORATORY LAB MANUAL

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY::[Link]
NEAR PAKALA, CHITTOOR-517112
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu)

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CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB EEE

CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE

LABORATORY LAB MANUAL

Name:__________________________________

[Link]:_________________________________

Year/Semester:__________________________

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY::[Link]

NEAR PAKALA, CHITTOOR-517112
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu)

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CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB EEE

VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

[Link] ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

VISION OF THE INSTITUTE

To be a premier institute for professional education producing dynamic and vibrant

force of technocrats with competent skills, innovative ideas and leadership qualities to
serve the society with ethical and benevolent approach.

MISSION OF THE INSTITUTE

To create a learning environment with state-of-the art infrastructure, well equipped

laboratories, research facilities and qualified senior faculty to impart high quality
technical education.

To facilitate the learners to foster innovative ideas, inculcate competent research and
consultancy skills through Industry-Institute Interaction.

To develop hard work, honesty, leadership qualities and sense of direction in rural
youth by providing value based education.

VISION OF THE DEPARTMENT

To produce professionally deft and intellectually adept Electrical and Electronics

Engineers and equip them with the latest technological skills, research & consultancy
competencies along with social responsibility, ethics, Lifelong Learning and leadership
qualities.

MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT

To produce competent Electrical and Electronics Engineers with strong core

knowledge, design experience & exposure to research by providing quality teaching
and learning environment.

To train the students in emerging technologies through state - of - the art laboratories
and thus bridge the gap between Industry and academia.

To inculcate learners with interpersonal skills, team work, social values, leadership
qualities and professional ethics for a holistic engineering professional practice through
value based education.
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CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB EEE

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES(PEOs)

Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs) of [Link] (Electrical and Electronics

Engineering) program are:

Within few years of graduation, the graduates will

PEO 1: Provide sound foundation in mathematics, science and engineering fundamentals to

analyze, formulate and solve complex engineering problems.

PEO 2: Have multi-disciplinary Knowledge and innovative skills to design and develop
Electrical & Electronics products and allied systems.

PEO 3: Acquire the latest technological skills and motivation to pursue higher studies leading
to research.

PEO 4: Possess good communication skills, team spirit, ethics, modern tools usage and the
life-long learning needed for a successful professional career.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,

PO-1
engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of
complex engineering problems.
Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
PO-2
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering
PO-3
problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified
needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the
cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge
PO-4
and research methods including design of experiments, analysis and
interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid
conclusions.
Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques,
PO-5
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and
modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.
The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual
PO-6
knowledge
Vemu Institute of Technologyto assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issuesPage
and 4the
CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB EEE
consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
PO-7
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate
the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
PO-8
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a
PO-9
member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities
PO-10
with the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able
to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make
effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and
PO-11
understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply these to
one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in
multidisciplinary environments.
Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and
PO-12
ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context
of technological change.

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PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)

On completion of the [Link]. (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) degree, the

graduates will be able to

PSO-1: Higher Education: Apply the fundamental knowledge of Mathematics, Science,

Electrical and Electronics Engineering to pursue higher education in the areas of Electrical
Circuits, Electrical Machines, Electrical Drives, Power Electronics, Control Systems and
Power Systems.

PSO-2: Employment: Get employed in Public/Private sectors by applying the knowledge in

the domains of design and operation of Electronic Systems, Microprocessor based control
systems, Power systems, Energy auditing etc.

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CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LAB
CONTENTS EEE

(20A02404) CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE

LABORATORY

[Link]. NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT PAGE NO.

1 Simulation of DC &AC Circuits 01-04

2 Mesh Analysis 05-10

3 Nodal Analysis 11-16

4 DC Transient Response 17-20

Simulation of Single-phase half wave, Semi and full

5 21-26
converters with RLE loads.

Simulation of Three-phase half wave, Semi and full

6 27-30
converters with RLE loads.

7 Simulation of Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost Converters 31-36

8 Simulation of Single-phase AC voltage controller 37-39

Simulation of Single and Three phase Quasi Square

9 40-44
wave and PWM Inverters.

ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS

Frequency response of RLC Series Circuits

10 49-51

Verification of the maximum power dissipation

11 52-55
(plot the power dissipated versus the load).

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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, ANANTAPUR
B. Tech II - II SEM (E.E.E)
L C P C
1 0 2 2

(20A02404) CIRCUITS SIMULATION &ANALYSIS USING PSPICE LABORATORY

The objectives of this lab course are to make the student practically learn about

Simulation of various circuits using PSPICE software.

Simulation of single-phase half & fully-controlled converters, and inverters
Simulation of single-phase AC Voltage controllers with different loads.

List of Experiments:
I Simulation of Electrical Circuits
a) DC & AC Circuits
b) Mesh Analysis
c) Nodal Analysis
d) Transient Response
II Simulation of Power Electronic Circuits
a) Single-phase half wave, Semi and full converters with RLE loads.
b) Three-phase half wave, Semi and full converters with RLE loads.
c) Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost Converters
d) Single-phase AC voltage controller
e) Single and Three phase Quasi Square wave and PWM Inverters .

OUTCOMES: At the end of the course the student will be able to

Simulation of various circuits using PSPICE software.

Simulation of single-phase half & fully-controlled converters, and inverters
Simulation of single-phase AC Voltage controllers with different loads.

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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR LABORATORY CLASSES

DO‘S

1. Without Prior permission do not enter into the Laboratory.

2. While entering into the LAB students should wear their ID cards.

3. The Students should come with proper uniform.

4. Students should sign in the LOGIN REGISTER before entering into the laboratory.

5. Students should come with observation and record note book to the laboratory.

6. Students should maintain silence inside the laboratory.

7. Circuit connections must be checked by the lab-in charge before switching the supply

DONT‘S

1. Students bringing the bags inside the laboratory.

2. Students wearing slippers/shoes insides the laboratory.

3. Students scribbling on the desk and mishandling the chairs.

4. Students using mobile phones inside the laboratory.

5. Students making noise inside the laboratory.

6. Students mishandle the devices.

7. Students write anything on the devices

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SCHEME OF EVALUATION

MARKS AWARDED
S. Total
N EXPERIMENT NAME DATE Viva 30
Record Observation Attendance
O voce (M)
(10M) (10M) (5M)
(5M)
Simulation of DC &AC
1
Circuits
2 Mesh Analysis
3 Nodal Analysis
4 DC Transient Response
Simulation of Single-phase
5
half wave, Semi and full
converters with RLE loads.
Simulation of Three-phase
6
half wave, Semi and full
converters with RLE loads.
7 Simulation of Buck, Boost
and Buck-Boost Converters
8 Simulation of Single-phase
AC voltage controller
Simulation of Single and
9
Three phase Quasi Square
wave and PWM Inverters.
ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS

Frequency response of
11
RLC Series Circuits
Verification of the
maximum power
12
dissipation (plot the power
dissipated versus the load).

Signature of Lab In-charge

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Exp. No.: 1 Date:

SIMULATION OF DC&AC CIRCUITS

AIM:
1) To Simulate the DC Circuit for determining the Theremin’s equivalent circuit using
PSPICE.
2) To Simulate the AC Circuit analysis by using PSPICE.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

[Link] Name Of The Quantity

Equipment

1 PC 1NO

2 PSPICE software 1NO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

DC CIRCUIT:

AC CIRCUIT:

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PROCEDURE:
1) 1. Open PSPICE A/D windows
2. Create a new circuit file
3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components
4. Run the program
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file
6. Observe the voltage, current graph of any in probe window

2) [Link] the PSPICE design manager in search bar from the design manager click on
the run
Schematic button to open a new blank schematic.
2. Save the file and the search the components and connect the circuit as shown in
figure.
3. Place the voltage marker at resistor and capacitor.
4. In analysis we can simulate the program.

PROGRAM

THEVENINS THEOREM:
VIN 1 0 dc 16V
R1 1 2 2
R2 2 3 10
R3 2 0 6
R4 3 0 4
.TF V (3, 0) VIN
.END

THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS

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RESULT:

VIVA QUESTIONS:
1. State Thevenin’s theorem?

2. What are active elements and passive elements?

3. What are non linear elements and give examples?

4. Can you find maximum power transferred to the load by using Thevenins theorem?

5. Define KVL and KCL?

6.

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Exp. No.: 2 Date:

MESH ANALYSIS
AIM:

To determine currents for the given DC circuit by mesh analysis.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
[Link] Name Of The Quantity
Equipment

1 PC 1NO

2 PSPICE software 1NO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

1. Open PSPICE A/D windows

2. Create a new circuit file
3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components
4. Run the program
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file
6. Observe the required outputs (Graphs) in output window.

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PROGRAM

V1 1 0 DC 28V
V2 3 0 DC 7V
R1 1 2 4
R2 2 0 2
R3 2 3 1
.OP .OP
.print DC I(R1) I(R2) I(R3)
.end

THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:

VIVA QUESITIONS:

1. What are internal resistance of an ideal voltage source and an ideal current source?

2. What are active elements and passive elements?

3. What are non linear elements and give examples?

4. What is meant by super mesh?

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Exp. No.: 3 Date:

NODAL ANALYSIS
AIM:
To Simulate the DC Circuit for determining the all node voltages using PSPICE.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
[Link] Name Of The Quantity
Equipment

1 PC 1NO

2 PSPICE software 1NO

C IRCUIT DIAGRAM:

E1=30V, E2=10V
R1=1000Ω, R2=4000Ω, R3=6000Ω, R4=2000Ω, R5=8000Ω

PROCEDURE:
1. Open PSPICE A/D windows
2. Create a new circuit file
3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components
4. Run the program
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file
6. Observe the required outputs (Graphs) in output window.

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PROGRAM

E1 1 0 DC 30V : DC Voltage source of 30V between 1& 0 nodes

E2 4 0 DC 10V : DC Voltage source of 10V between 4& 0 nodes
R1 1 2 1000 : Resistance of 1000ohms between 1 & 2 nodes
R2 2 3 4000 : Resistance of 800ohms between 5 & 2 nodes
R3 3 4 6000 : Resistance of 6000ohms between 2 & 3 nodes
R4 2 0 2000 : Resistance of 200ohms between 4 & 0 nodes
R5 3 0 8000 : Resistance of 200ohms between 3 & 0 nodes
.OP : Directs the bias point to the output file
.END : End of the program.

THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:

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RESULT:

VIVA QUESITIONS:

1. Define Node

2. What are the advantages of nodal analysis over mesh analysis?

3. Which law is applicable for nodal analysis?

4. What is the difference between nodal analysis and super node analysis?

5. Give any two comparisons between nodal analysis and mesh analysis?

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Exp. No.:4 Date:

DC TRANSIENT RESPONSE
AIM:
To find out the transient response and parametric analysis by simulation of RLC
circuits Using Pulse, and Step response.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
PSPICE – Personal Computer Simulated Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis.

a) Simulation of STEP RESPONSE Using PSPICE:

SYNTAX USED:

[Link] TYPE OF REPRESENTATION DECLARATION

SOURCE OF SOURCE FORMAT

1 STEP PWL STEP ( Time at a Point)

RESPONSE (Voltage at a Point)
2 TRANSIENT .TRAN .TRAN TStep Tstop
ANALYSIS [TStart TMax] [UIC]
3 PROBE .PROBE It is a wave form analyzer
STATEMENT
4 PLOT .PLOT .PLOT (Output Variables)
STATEMENT {(Lower limit

DATA REQUIRED FOR DRAWING THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

For example, Three RLC circuits with R=2Ω, 1 Ω, and 8 Ω respectively, with L having
the values of 50μH each, with C having the values of 10μF each. The inputs are identical Step
Response. The Step having the Time at points as 1nsec and 1msec respectively and Voltage at
a point as 1V respectively. Use PSPICE to plot and calculate the transient response from 0 to
400μseconds with an increment of 1μsecond. Plot the voltages across the capacitors.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:
1. Open PSpice A/D windows
2. Create a new circuit file
3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components
4. Run the program
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file
6. Observe the voltage, current graph of any in probe window.

PROGRAM
VIN1 1 0 PWL(0 0 1NS 1V 1MS 1V)
VIN2 4 0 PWL(0 0 1NS 1V 1MS 1V)
VIN3 7 0 PWL(0 0 1NS 1V 1MS 1V)
R1 1 2 2
R2 4 5 1
R3 7 8 8
L1 2 3 50UH
L2 5 6 50UH
L3 8 9 50UH
C1 3 0 10UF
C2 6 0 10UF
C3 9 0 10UF
.TRAN 1US 400US
.PLOT TRAN V(3) V(6) V(9)
.PROBE
.END

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THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS

RESULT:

VIVA QUESITIONS:
1. Define transient response.

2. Define sinusoidal response.

3. Define time constant.

4. When Transient behavior occur in any circuits ?

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Expt. No: 5 Date:

PSPICE ANALYSIS OF SINGLE PHASE FULL CONVERTERWITH RL & RLE

LOADS

AIM:
To analyze the single phase full converter with RL and RLE Loads.
SIMULATION TOOLS REQUIRED:

PC with PSPICE Software

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:
Single Phase full converter with RL load

3 4
R

XT1 XT3 10 OHMS

1 8
Vs
2 E
100V
6 5
9
XT4 XT2

L
100MH

Single Phase full converter with RLE load

3 4
R
XT1 XT3
10 OHMS
1
Vs
2
8
6 5

XT4 XT2
L
100MH

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS FOR ANALYSIS USING CIRCUIT:

Single Phase full converter with RL load

X1 X3

2N1595 2N1595 R1

10 OHMS

V1 = 0V VG1 V1 = 0V VG3
V2 = 100V V2 = 100V

TD = 3333.34US TD = 13333.34US
VS VOFF = 0V TR = 1NS TR = 1NS
FREQ = 50HZ
VAMPL = 169.7V TF = 1NS TF = 1NS
PW = 100US PW = 100US

PER = 20000US PER = 20000US

X4 X2

2N1595 2N1595 L1

100 MH

V1 = 0V VG4 V1 = 0V VG2
V2 = 100V V2 = 100V

TD = 13333.34US TD = 3333.34US
TR = 1NS TR = 1NS

TF = 1NS TF = 1NS
PW = 100US PW = 100US

PER = 20000US PER = 20000US

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Single Phase full converter with RLE load

X1 X3

2N1595 2N1595
R1

10 OHMS

V1 = 0V VG1 V1 = 0V VG3
V2 = 100V V2 = 100V

TD = 3333.34US TD = 13333.34US
VS VOFF = 0V TR = 1NS TR = 1NS
FREQ = 50HZ E
VAMPL = 169.7V
TF = 1NS TF = 1NS
PW = 100US PW = 100US

PER = 20000US PER = 20000US

100 V

X4 X2
L1
2N1595 2N1595
100 MH

V1 = 0V VG4 V1 = 0V VG2
V2 = 100V V2 = 100V

TD = 13333.34US TD = 3333.34US
TR = 1NS TR = 1NS

TF = 1NS TF = 1NS
PW = 100US PW = 100US

PER = 20000US PER = 20000US

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PROCEDURE:
1. Write the program in a new text file in PSpice AD.
2. Save the file using the notation [Link].
3. Activate the file by opening it.
4. Run the simulation process using blue button.
5. By clicking Add Trace icon, get the required waveform.

THERITICAL CALCULATIONS:

A)FOR RL LOAD
2VM
V0  COS( )


2VM
V0  COS( )

 V

B)FOR RLE LOAD

At t   i.e. at t  . io = 0

We know t    Vm sin( )  E

E
Min value of firing angle   sin1( )  sin1( )  3

Vm

Max value of firing angle

2  180  1 




RESULT:

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APPLICATIONS:
The single-phase full-wave controlled rectifier is used to control power flow in many
applications (e.g., power supplies, variable-speed dc motor drives, and input stages of other
converters)

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MODEL WAVEFORMS FOR FULL CONVERTER:

INPUT WAVEFORM
200V

100V

0V

-100V

-200V
0s 10ms 20ms 30ms 40ms 50ms 60ms
V( 1 ,2 )

Time

OUTPUT WAVEFORM WITH RL LOAD

200V

100V

0V

-100V

-200V
0s 10ms 20ms 30ms 40ms 50ms 60ms
V(7)

Time

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OUTPUT WAVEFORM WITH RLE LOAD
300V

200V

100V

0V

-100V
0s 10ms 20ms 30ms 40ms 50ms 60ms
V(7)

Time

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Expt. No: 5 Date:

PSPICE ANALYSIS OF SINGLE PHASE AC VOLTAGECONTROLLER WITH RL LOAD

AIM: To analyze the single phase full converter with RL and RLE Loads.
SIMULATION TOOLS REQUIRED:

PC with PSPICE Software

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Single Phase AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER with RL load

XT1

1 2

10 OHMS
XT2

Vs 3

L
10MH

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR ANALYSIS USING CIRCUIT:

X1

2N1595

V1 = 0V
V2 = 100V

TD = 3333.34US
TR = 1NS
R1
VS1 TF = 1NS
2N1595
10 OHMS
VOFF = 0V
PW = 100US VG1
VAMPL = 169.7V
PER = 20000US V1 = 0V
FREQ = 50HZ
V2 = 100V

VG2 TD = 13333.34US
X2 TR = 1NS L1

10 MH
TF = 1NS
PW = 100US

PER = 20000US

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PROCEDURE:
1. Write the program in a new text file in PSpice AD.
2. Save the file using the notation [Link].
3. Activate the file by opening it.
4. Run the simulation process using blue button.
5. By clicking Add Trace icon, get the required waveform.

THERITICAL CALCULATIONS(FOR RL LOAD):

Wt= = ms
VM
V0  [COS( )  1]

V
V 0  M [COS( )  1]

 V

RESULT:

APPLICATIONS:

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MODEL WAVEFORMS:

INPUT WAVEFORM
200V

100V

0V

-100V

-200V
0s 10ms 20ms 30ms 40ms 50ms 60ms
V(1)

Time

OUTPUT WAVEFORM

200V

100V

0V

100V

-200V

0s 10ms 20ms 30ms 40ms

50ms 60msV(2)

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EXPERIMENT – 6 DATE:
THREE PHASE HALF CONTROLLED BRIDGE CONVERTER WITH R LOAD

AIM:

To study the three phase half controlled bridge converter with R load.

APPARATUS:

S. No Equipment Range Type Quantity

Three phase half controlled bridge converter power
1
circuit and firing circuit
2 CRO with deferential module
3 Patch chords and probes
4 Three phase transformer
5 Rheostat
6 DC Voltmeter
7 DC Ammeter

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Half Controlled bridge converter with R load

PROCEDURE:

1. Make all connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect firstly 3 phase AC supply from three phase transformer to circuit.

3. Connect firing pulses from firing circuit to Thyristors as indication in circuit.

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4. Connect resistive load 200Ω / 5A to load terminals and switch ON the MCB and IRS switch and
trigger output ON switch.

5. Connect CRO probes and observe waveforms in CRO across load and device in three phase half
controlled bridge converter.
6. By varying firing angle gradually up to 1800 and observe related waveforms.

7. Measure output voltage and current by connecting DC voltmeter & Ammeter.

8. Tabulate all readings for various firing angles.

9. Calculate the output voltage and current by theoretically and compare with it practically obtained
values.
TABULAR COLUMN:

Firing Output voltage (V0) Output Current (I0)

S. No Input Voltage
(Vin) Angle in
Degrees Theoretical Practical Theoretical Practical

1
2
3
4
5
6

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

Vo = 3
Vml*(1+cosα)/2π Io = 3
Vml*(1+cosα)/2πRα=
firing angle

Vml = line to line voltage

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MODEL GRAPHS:

Input and output wave forms of a three phase halfcontrolled bridge converter

RESULT:

PRE LAB VIVA QUESTIONS

1. A converter which can operate in both 3 pulse and six pulse modes is?
2. What is the interval for SCRs triggering in three phase semi converter?
3. What is the interval for SCRs triggering in three phase full converter?
4. What is the function of freewheeling diode in three phase converters?

5. What are the advantages of three phase half controlled converters?

6. Which quadrant operation is possible with three phase half controlled converter?

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Expt. No: 7

SIMULATION OF BOOST CONVERTERS

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AIM:
To simulate boost converters using Pspice.

SIMULATION TOOLS REQUIRED:

PC with PSPICE Software

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS:

PROGRAM:

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PROCEDURE:
1. Write the program in a new text file in PSpice AD.
2. Save the file using the notation [Link].
3. Activate the file by opening it.
4. Run the simulation process using blue button.
5. By clicking Add Trace icon, get the required waveform.

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MODEL CALCULATIONS:

V 0  VS where  Ton

1   T

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










RESULT:

APPLICATIONS:

MODEL WAVEFORMS:

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Experiment No:7 Date:
SIMULATION OF BUCK CONVERTERS

AIM:
To analyze Buck chopper using Pspice.

SIMULATION TOOLS REQUIRED:

PC with PSPICE Software

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Buck chopper

Vy T1 Le L

681.82UH 40.91UH
0V
R

3 OHMS
RB

250 OHMS Dm Ce
Vs 8.33UF
110V
0V
10 V
Vg Vx

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PROGRAM:

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PROCEDURE:

1. Write the program in a new text file in PSpice AD.

2. Save the file using the notation [Link].
3. Activate the file by opening it.
4. Run the simulation process using blue button.
5. By clicking Add Trace icon, get the required waveform.
MODEL CALCULATIONS :

V 0   *VS Ton
 VS
T



RESULT:

APPLICATIONS:

MODEL WAVEFORMS:

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EXPERIMENT – 8
SINGLE PHASE A.C. VOLTAGE CONTROLLER

AIM:

To study the single phase AC voltage controller with R and RL Load

APPARATUS:

S. No Equipment Range Type Quantity

Single phase AC voltage controller power
1 circuit and firing circuit
2 CRO with deferential module
3 Patch chords and probes
4 Isolation Transformer
5 Variable Rheostat
6 Inductor
7 AC Voltmeter
8 AC Ammeter

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Fig - 8.1 Single Phase AC Voltage Controller with Thyristors

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Fig - 8.2 Single Phase AC Voltage Controller with Traic

PROCEDURE:

AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER WITH TWO THYRISTORS:

1. Make all connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect firstly 30V AC supply from Isolation Transformer to circuit.
3. Connect firing pulses from firing circuit to Thyristors as indication in circuit.
4. Connect resistive load 200Ω / 5A to load terminals and switch ON the MCB and IRS switch and
trigger output ON switch.
5. Observe waveforms in CRO, across load by varying firing angle gradually up to 1800.
6. Measure output voltage and current by connecting AC voltmeter & Ammeter.
7. Tabulate all readings for various firing angles.
8. For RL Load connect a large inductance load in series with Resistance and observe all waveforms
and readings as same as above.
9. Observe the various waveforms at different points in circuit by varying the Resistive Load and
Inductive Load.
10. Calculate the output voltage and current by theoretically and compare with it practically
obtainedvalues.

A.C. VOLTAGE CONTROLLER WITH TRIAC:

1. Make all connections as per the circuit diagram.

2. Connect firstly 30V AC supply from Isolation Transformer to circuit.
3. Connect firing pulse from firing circuit to TRIAC as indication in circuit.
4. Connect resistive load 200Ω / 5A to load terminals and switch ON the MCB and IRS switch and
trigger output ON switch.

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6. Observe waveforms in CRO, across load by varying firing angle gradually up to 1800.
7. Measure output voltage and current by connecting AC voltmeter & Ammeter.
8. Tabulate all readings for various firing angles.
9. For RL Load connect a large inductance load in series with Resistance and observe all waveforms
and readings as same as above.
10. Observe the various waveforms at different points in circuit by varying the Resistive Load and
Inductive Load.

Calculate the output voltage and current by theoretically and compare with it practically obtained
values.

TABULAR COLUMN:

Input Voltage Firing angle Output voltage (V0r) Output Current (I0r)
S. No. (V in) in Degrees Theoretical Practical Theoretical Practical
1
2
3
4
5
6

MODULE CALCULATIONS:

I0r = V0r /R
α = Firing Angle

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MODEL GRAPH:

Single Phase AC Voltage controller with R-Load

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VIVA QUESTIONS:

What type of commutation is used in this circuit?

What are the effects of load inductance on the performance of AC voltage controllers?
What is extinction angle?
What are the disadvantages of unidirectional controllers?
What are the advantages of ON-OFF control?

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Expt. No:9

SINGLE PHASE INVERTER WITH PWM CONTROL

AIM:
PSpice analysis of single phase inverter with PWM control.

SIMULATION TOOLS REQUIRED:

PC with PSPICE Software

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Single phase inverter with PWM control

1 2

Vy 0V
Rg3 T3 D3
Rg1 T1 D1 12
8
11
7
3 Vx 4 R 5 L

10MH
Vs 0V 2.5 OHMS 6
100V
Rg4 T4 D4 Rg2 T2 D2
14 10

13 9

PWM Generator

R4 100 KOHMS Ro

2 R2 75 OHMS
Vr Rin
2MEG
1k Co 10pf

Vc

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Carrier and Reference signals

15 16 17

Rc1 Rc3 Rr
Vc1 2MEG Vc3 2MEG Vr 2MEG

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PROGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

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1. Write the program in a new text file in PSpice AD.
2. Save the file using the notation [Link].
3. Activate the file by opening it.
4. Run the simulation process using blue button.
5. By clicking Add Trace icon, get the required waveform.

MODEL WAVEFORM:

AMPLITUDE OF ‘VC1&VC2’>AMPLITUE OF ‘VR’

AMPLITUDE OF ‘VC1&VC2’=AMPLITUE OF ‘VR’

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MODEL CALCULATIONS:
CASDE ‘A’:OVER MADULATION (Ar >Ac)
==5>1
>Mr>1
=>Ar/Ac
=
N=number of pulses per half cycle
N=1

CASDE ‘A’:UNDER MADULATION (Ar <Ac)

=>Mr<1
=>Ar/Ac
=
=
N-1=number of pulses per half cycle

N  fc /(2 fr) 

N  1 


RESULT:

APPLICATIONS:

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EXPERIMENT – 10
SIMULATION OF THREE PHASE FULL CONVERTER AND PWM INVERTER

AIM:

Simulation of three phase full converter and PWM inverter with R and RL loads
by using MATLAB.

APPARATUS:

S. No Equipment Quantity

1 Desktop With MATLAB 1

THEORY:

Three phase full converter:

Three phase bridge controlled rectifier consist of upper group (T 1, T3, T5) and lower
group (T2,T4,T5) of thyristors. Thyristor T1 is forward biased ad can be triggered for
conduction only when VA is greater than both VB and VC. From figure this condition
occurs at wt=300 . Hence T1 can be triggered only at wt=[Link] firing angle is α, then T1
starts conduction at wt=300 + α and conducts for 1200 where it get commutated by turning
on of next thyristor ie,[Link] triggering instant for T3 and T5 are determined when
considering VB and VC respectively. For lower group T4,T6 and T2, negative voltages,-
VA,-VB and -VC respectively are considered.
Average Value of output voltage is given by

3√3
𝑉𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝑉𝑚 Cos 


Three Phase PWM Inverter:

Three phase inverter consists of on and off controlled switches such as MOSFET or
IGBT. Sine PWM pulses are used to gate the switches. Upper switches are gated with
signals obtained by comparing three reference sine waves each are phase shifted with 1200
with a high frequency triangular carrier wave. Thus, switches are ON when amplitude of
corresponding reference sine wave is greater than amplitude of triangular carrier wave.
Lower switches are gated with a gate signal which is complement of upper switches of
same leg.
Rms Value of phase to neutral output voltage is given by
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𝑚𝑉𝑑𝑐
𝑉𝑃ℎ 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
2 √2

Rms Value of line to line output voltage is given by

√3𝑚𝑉𝑑𝑐
𝑉𝑃ℎ 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
2 √2

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Three phase full converter:

Circuit diagram for three phase full converterThree Phase PWM Inverter:

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circuit diagram for Three phase PWM Inverter

PROCEDURE:
1. Make the connections as shown in the figures 13.1 and 13.2 by using MATLAB
Simulink.
2. Set the parameters in PWM generator for firing the switches, set the values
for load and inputvoltage.
3. Check the scope wave forms in each circuit.

EXPECTED GRAPH

Three phase full converter:

output voltage and current waveforms of Three Phase Full ConverterThree

Phase PWM Inverter:

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output voltage and current waveforms of Three Phase PWM Inverter

RESULT:

PRE-LAB VIVA QUESTIONS:

1. What is PWM?
2. What is Duty cycle?
3. What is three phase converter?
4. What is an inverter?

POST LAB VIVA QUESTIONS:

1. What are the advantages of PWM inverters?
2. What is the difference between three phase and single phase inverters?
3. What is the time delay for each thyristor conduction in three phase full converter?

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Exp. No.: 11 Date:

FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF SERIES RLC CIRCUIT

AIM: To find out the transient response and parametric analysis by simulation of RLC
circuits Using Sinusoidal Responses.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: PSPICE – Personal Computer Simulated Program with

Integrated Circuit Emphasis.

SYNTAX USED:

[Link] TYPE OF SOURCE REPRESENTATION OF SOURCE DECLARATION FORMAT

1 SINUSOIDAL ( Frequency)( Delay Time) (

SIN
RESPONSE Damping Factor) ( Phase Delay)
2 TRANSIENT
.TRAN
ANALYSIS .TRAN TStep Tstop [TStart TMax]
3 PROBE .PROBE It is a wave form analyzer
STATEMENT
4 PLOT .PLOT .PLOT (Output Variables) {(Lower
STATEMENT limit Value), (Upper Limit Value)}

DATA REQUIRED FOR DRAWING THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

For example, Three RLC circuits with R=2Ω, 1 Ω, and 8 Ω respectively, with L having
the values of 50μH each, with C having the values of 10μF each. The inputs are identical
Sinusoidal Response. The Sinusoidal response having the offset voltage as 0V, RMS voltage
as 120V and the frequency as 50Hz. Use PSPICE to plot and calculate the transient response
from 0 to 60mseconds with an increment of 1μsecond. Plot the voltages across the capacitors.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:
1. Open PSpice A/D windows
2. Create a new circuit file .

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3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components.
4. Run the program
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file.
6. Observe the voltage, current graph of any in probe window.
PROGRAM:
VIN1 1 0 ac 1V
VIN2 4 0 ac 1V
VIN3 7 0 ac 1V
R1 1 2 2
R2 4 5 1
R3 7 8 8
L1 2 3 50UH
L2 5 6 50UH
L3 8 9 50UH
C1 3 0 10UF
C2 6 0 10UF
C3 9 0 10UF
.ac dec 100 100Hz 100KHz
.PLOT ac vm(3) vp(3)
.PROBE
.END

RESULT:

VIVA QUESITIONS:
1. Write equations for voltage across R, L & C
2. Define Transient
3. The transient response occurs in L & C
4. Define steady state
5. The time constant of series RL network _______
6. Transient circuit in RLC circuit is oscillation when R< 2 √𝐿/𝐶

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Exp. No.: 12 Date:

VERIFICATION OF THE MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION

AIM: To find out the unknown resistance and maximum power for dc circuits

SOFTWARE REQUIRED: PSPICE – Personal Computer Simulated Program

with Integrated Circuit Emphasis.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:
1. Open PSPICE A/D windows.
2. Create a new circuit file.
3. Enter the program representing the nodal interconnections of various components.
4. Run the program.
5. Observe the response through all the elements in the output file.
6. Observe the voltage, current graph of any in probe window.

PROGRAM:
VS 1 0 DC 100
R1 1 2 10
R2 2 0 30
R3 1 3 20
R4 3 0 40
RL 2 3 RLOAD 1
.MODEL RLOAD RES(R=25)
.DC RES RLOAD(R) 0.001 40 0.01
.TF V(2,3) VS
.PROBE
.END

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RESULT:

VIVA QUESITIONS:
1. Define Statement of maximum power transfer theorem .
2. Write the expression for maximum power ?
3. What is the condition for maximum power in DC circuit?
4. What is the condition for maximum power in AC circuit?
5. Give any two applications of maximum power transfer theorem.

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