DRUG STUDY
RANITIDINE
DOSAGE/ NURSING
NAME OF FREQUENCY/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT RESPONSIBILITIES
DRUG TIMING/ ACTION
ROUTE
Generic - 1/26/12 15mg H2-receptor Duodenal or gastric - Contraindicated in CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Name: IVTT q 8hrs antagonists inhibit ulcer, Zollinger-Ellison patients headache, dizziness basic rights of drug
Ranitidine once on NPO the action of H2 syndrome, GERD hypersensitive to administration before
Hydrochloride receptors in gastric these drugs. Optha: giving the drug.
- 2/1/12 15mg parietal cells, - Use cautiously in blurred vision 2. Explain the
Brand Name: IVTT prior to reducing gastric acid patients with impaired purpose of the drug
Zantac OR output and renal or hepatic GI: given to the patient.
concentration, function. constipation, 3. Explain to the
Classification: - 2/2/12 20mg regardless of - Use cautiously in nausea, vomiting, patient for any side
H2 Histamine IVTT q 8hrs stimulants, such as pregnant women. diarrhea, effects of the drug.
Receptor histamine, food, Refer to hepatotoxicity 4. Instruct the patient
Antagonist insulin, and caffeine, manufacturer’s not to have activities
or basal conditions. instructions for use GU: which require high
during breastfeeding gynecomastia alertness such as
as some drugs running and walking.
shouldn’t be used. Systemic: 5. Encourage the
Elderly patients have Anaphylaxis, patient to eat high
increased risk of Angioedema fiber foods and
adverse reactions, increase oral fluid
particularly those intake because
affecting the CNS; use constipation might
cautiously. occur as a side
effect.
6. Instruct the patient
to report any signs of
hepatotoxicity such
as: dark colored
urine, clay-colored
stool, yellow skin or
sclera, itching.
METOCLOPRAMIDE
DOSAGE/ NURSING
NAME OF DRUG FREQUENCY/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT RESPONSIBILITIES
TIMING/ ROUTE ACTION
Generic Name: 2/1/12 5mg IVTT Stimulates motility To prevent or reduce - Use cautiously in CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Metoclopramide prior to OR of upper GI tract, postoperative nausea patients with a history Sedation, fatigue, basic rights in drug
hydrochloride increases lower and vomiting. of depression, headache administration
esophageal Parkinson’s disease, before giving the
Brand Name: sphincter tone and hypertension or renal GI: drug to the patient.
Apo-Metoclop blocks dopamine impairment. dry mouth, 2. Explain the
receptors at the - Also contraindicated constipation, purpose of the drug
Classification: chemore-receptor in patients taking drugs nausea and to the patient.
Antiemetic trigger zone which that are likely to cause vomiting, diarrhea 3. Explain for any
prevents or extrapyramidal side effects that
minimizes nausea reactions and those GU: might occur after
and vomiting. Also with seizure disorders. decrease libido giving the drug.
reduces gag reflex, 4. Instruct the
improves gastric CV: patient or significant
emptying and hypotension, other that sedation
reduces gastric bradycardia might occur as a
reflux. side effect and be
Systemic: careful when doing
rashes something to
prevent further
injuries.
5. Instruct patient to
increase oral fluid
intake.
6. Instruct the
patient or significant
other not to rise on
bed immediately to
prevent orthostatic
hypotension.
7. Encourage
patient to eat foods
rich in fiber.
CEFIXIME
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
FREQUENCY/ ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
TIMING/ ROUTE
Generic Name: 2/7/12 Inhibits cell wall To prevent infection Contraindicated in CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Cefixime 100mg/5ml 7ml synthesis, especially for post patients hypersensitive headache, dizziness basic rights of drug
BID PO preventing osmotic operative patients to drugs, other administration before
Brand Name: instability; usually cephalosporins and GI: giving the drug to the
Suprax bactericidal which penicillins. nausea and patient.
hinders or kills vomiting, diarrhea, 2. Check for any
Classification: bacteria, including abdominal pain allergies of the drug.
Third-Generation H. influenza, M. 3. Explain the
Cephalosporin; catarrhalis, S. GU: purpose of the drug
Antibiotic pyogenes, S. Nephrotoxicity to the patient.
pneumonia, E. coli, 4. Explain for any
and P. mirabilis. Integ: side effects that
rash, urticaria might occur after
giving the drug.
Respi: 5. Advice patient to
dyspnea have light to
moderate meal
Systemic: before giving this
anaphylaxis drug.
6. Instruct patient to
report signs of
allergic reactions to
the drug such as:
rashes, urticaria,
dyspnea,
7. Instruct patient to
report for signs of
nephrotoxicity.
CEFUROXIME
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
FREQUENCY/ ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
TIMING/ ROUTE
Generic Name: 2/2/12 300mg Inhibits cell-wall Post - operative Contraindicated in CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Cefuroxime IVTT q 8hrs synthesis, prophylaxis for infection patients hypersensitive dizziness, headache basic rights of drug
sodium ANST promoting osmotic to drug and other drug administration before
instability; usually cephalosporins GI: giving the drug to the
Brand Name: bactericidal which diarrhea, nausea patient.
Zinacef hinders or kills and vomiting, 2. Check for any
susceptible abdominal cramps allergies of this drug
Classification: bacteria, including by doing skin testing.
Antibiotics, many gram-positive GU: 3. Explain the
Second- organisms and nephrotoxicity purpose of the drug
generation enteric to the patient.
cephalosporin gram-negative Systemic: 4. Explain possible
bacilli. anaphylaxis side effects that
might occur after
giving the drug.
5. Advice the patient
to have light to
moderate meal
before giving the
drug.
6. Instruct the patient
for signs of allergic
reaction such as:
rashes, urticaria,
dyspnea, edema,
itching, swelling.
PARACETAMOL
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
FREQUENCY/ ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
TIMING/ ROUTE
Generic Name: 2/2/12 300mg Block pain impulses To relieve mild pain, to Contraindicated to CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Acetaminophen IVTT q 6hrs RTC peripherally that relieve or prevent fever. patients hypersensitive drowsiness basic rights in drug
for pain 2/7/12 occur in response to the drug, patients administration
Brand Name: 250mg/5ml 5ml q to inhibition of with problems in the GI: before giving the
Paracetamol, 4hrs PRN for prostaglandin liver nausea and drug to the patient.
Tylenol fever synthesis; vomiting, diarrhea, 2. Explain the
antipyretic action hepatotoxicity purpose of giving
Classification: results from the drug.
Antipyretic, inhibition of Integ: 3. Explain to the
Analgesic, Anti prostaglandin in the rash, urticaria patient the possible
inflammatory CNS side effects of the
drug.
4. Instruct the
patient not to
overdose as it is
harmful to the liver.
5. Instruct patient to
report signs of
hepatotoxicity such
as: dark colored
urine, jaundice,
icteric sclera,
itching.
TRAMADOL
NAME OF DRUG DOSAGE/ MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING
FREQUENCY/ ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
TIMING/ ROUTE
Generic Name: 2/2/12 30mg Not completely To relieve pain. contraindicated to CNS: 1. Observe the 5
Tramadol IVTT q 8hrs known, binds to patients with decrease dizziness, basic rights of drug
Hydrochloride opioid receptors, in blood pressure headache, anxiety administration
inhibits reuptake of before giving to the
Brand Name: norepinephrine GI: patient.
Toradol, Tramal, nausea and 2. Explain the
Oltram vomiting, GI patient the purpose
bleeding, of the drug.
Classification: constipation 3. Explain the
Opioid analgesic possible side effects
CV: of the drug.
orthostatic 4. Obtain BP first
hypotension, before giving the
decrease blood drug.
pressure 5. Instruct the
patient that
orthostatic
hypotension might
occur and never to
rise out of bed
immediately after
lying down.
6. Instruct the
patient to have light
meals before giving
the drug.
7. Encourage the
patient to increase
oral fluid intake.
