MAPEH GRADE 9 REVIEWER

MUSIC
Composers of the Classical Period

FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN (1732-1809)

Is one of the most prominent composers of the classical period. His life is described as “rags-to-riches”
story. He came from a poor family and his music led to his rise in social status. He was hired by rich
patrons and eventually became a musical director for the Esterhazy family for 30 years.

His music reflects his character and personality: mainly calm, balanced, serious but with touches of
humor. He was able to compose over 100 symphonies and developed them into long forms for a large
orchestra. He was named, “Father of the Symphony” although he excelled in every music genre of the
period. Most of his symphonies have nicknames such as the “Surprise Symphony”, “The Clock”. He also
wrote chamber piano music and choral works.

WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791)

Is a child prodigy and the most amazing genius in musical history. At age five, he was already playing the
violin and the harpsichord. At six, he was recognized as an exceptional pianist and, at seven, he was
already composing excellent music. At age thirteen, he had written sonatas, concertos, symphonies,
religious works, and operas and operettas.

He experimented in all kinds of music and composed over 700 works. Unfortunately, due to
mismanaged finances he lived his life in poverty, died young and was buried in an unknown grave. He
composed wonderful concertos, symphonies and opera such as “The Marriage of Figaro” (1786), “Don
Giovanni (1789), and “The Magic Flute” which became popular. Other known works: “Eine Kleine
Nachtmusik”, “Symphony No. 40”
LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770- 1827)

Was born in Bonn, Germany to a family of musicians and studied music at an early age. He was the
composer who bridged the late Classical era and the early Romantic era. He was a talented pianist and
composer. His famous compositions include 32 piano sonatas, 21 set of variations, 9 symphonies, 5
concertos for piano, 16 string quartets and choral music

His works include the “Missa Solemnis (18181823) and opera. “Fidelio” (1805). His known symphonies
are Symphony No. 3 Eroica), No. 5, No. 6 (Pastoral), No. 9 Choral), which adds voices to the orchestra.
He began to go deaf in 1796 but this did not become a hindrance. He continued composing through the
help of an assistant and hearing gadget. Some of his famous compositions.

Characteristics of Beethoven’s works:

•His music veered toward larger orchestras.

•Sound was centered on the violas and lower registers of the violins and

•Cellos to give his music a darker mood.

•All themes in a piece are tied together by one motif.

•He developed musical themes and motifs extensively by means of modulation.

•He used more brass instruments and dynamics.

ARTS
Renaissance Period (1400-1600)

Period in Europe (14th-17th century) regarded as the cultural bridge between middle age and modern
history.

The birth of “secular art (worldly things). Focus on realistic and humanistic art. Renaissance art was
characterized by accurate anatomy (symmetry and balance), scientific perspective, and deeper
landscape.
As the classical Greeks believed in the harmonious development of the person through a sound mind, by
the practice of athletics, the Renaissance held up the ideal of the well-rounded person, knowledgeable
in a number of fields such as philosophy, science, arts, including painting and music and who applies
his/her knowledge to productive and creative activity

Famous Renaissance Artworks and Artists

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475-1564)

An italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet. He as considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime,
and ever since then he was considered as one of the greatest artists of all time.

His outstanding works as sculptor were the following: Pieta, Bacchus, Moses, David, Dying Slave, Dawn
and Dusk and Last Judgment.
“Pieta by Michelangelo from Treasures of the World book, by Golden Press, Inc., Copyright 1961)

27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period.
Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition resulted in more than 800 works of virtually every
genre of his time. Many of these compositions are acknowledged as pinnacles of the symphonic,
concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral repertoire. Mozart is widely regarded as among the greatest
composers in the history of Western music, with his music admired for its “melodic beauty, its formal
elegance and its richness of harmony and texture Born in Salzburg, then in the Holy Roman Empire and
currently in Austria, Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood. Already competent on
keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty. His
father took him on a grand tour of Europe and then three trips to Italy. At 17, he was a musician at the
Salzburg court but grew restless and travelled in search of a better position.

While visiting Vienna in 1781, Mozart was dismissed from his Salzburg position. He stayed in Vienna,
where he achieved fame but little financial security. During his final years there, he composed many of
his best-known symphonies, concertos, and operas. His Requiem was largely unfinished by the time of
his death at the age of 35, the circumstances of which are uncertain and much mythologised.
Leonardo di ser Piero Da Vinci (1452-1519)

His well known works were: the Last Supper, Mona Lisa, the

Vitruvian Man, The Adoration of Magi, the Virgin of the Rocks.

Mona Lisa stems from description by Renaissance art historian Giorgio Vasari, who wrote,” Leonardo
undertook to paint for Francesco del Giocondo the Portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife.” Mona, in Italian, is a
polite form of address originating as Madonna similar to Ma’am, “Madame,” or “My Lady” in English.
This became Madonna and its contraction Mona. The title ofthPainting, through traditionally spelled
“Mona” is also commonly spelled in Modern Italian as “Mona Lisa”.
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Raphael) (1483-1520)

Was an Italian painter and architect of High Renaissance period. His work was admired for its clarity of
form and ease of composition and for its visual achievement of the interpreting the Divine and
incorporating Christian doctrines. His main contributions to art were his unique draftsmanship and
compositional skills. His works were: the Sistine Madonna, the School of Athens, the Transfiguration.
Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi (Donatello) (1386-1466)
He was an early Renaissance Italian sculptor from Florence. He is known for his work in bas-relief, a form
of shallow relief sculpture His works included the following statues and relief: David, Statue of St.
George, Equestrian Monument of Gattamelata, Prohet Habacuc, and the Feast of Herod.

Baroque Arts

Baroque Period (1600-1800)

Baroque was derived from the Portuguese word “barocco” which means “irregular shaped pearl or
stone.” It describes a fairly complex idiom and focuses on painting, sculpture, as well as architecture.

Baroque art above all reflects the tensions of the age notably the desire of the

Catholic Church in Rome to reassert itself in the wake of the Protestant Reformation

Which is almost the same with catholic Reformation Art of the Period. Was the period of artistic styles in
exaggerated motion, drama, tension, and grandeur. The style in Rome, Italy, and spread to most of
Europe.

Famous Baroque Artworks and Artists

Michelangelo Merisi or Amerighi da Caravaggio (1571-1610)

He was better known as Caravaggio. He was an Italian artist who wanted to deviate from the classical
masters of the Renaissance. He was an outcast in his society, because of his own actions and the lack of
modesty and reverence for religious subjects in his own paintings. Perhaps he started out as a specialist
in his paintings of still life, especially of fruits.

Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi (Donatello) (1386-1466)

He was an early Renaissance Italian sculptor from Florence. He is known for his work in bas-relief, a form
of shallow relief sculpture His works included the following statues and relief: David, Statue of St.
George, Equestrian Monument of Gattamelata, Prohet Habacuc, and the Feast of Herod.

P. E
[Link] of the following is a term used to refer dance primarily intended to get to know other people in
a certain formal or semi-formal

Answer: Social Dance

[Link] dances are of two classification namely, Latin American and Modern Standard Dancers. Which
of the following is an example of Modern standard Dances?

Answer: Tango

3. Which of the following best describes the social dances?

Answer: Social dances are dances that improves social skills and fitness

4. How do social dances contribute to one’s fitness and well-being?

Answer: They help make one physically engaged and active preventing lifestyle diseases

5. Which of the following, aside from the fitness, can be developed If one engages in social dancing
activities?

Answer: Respect Sense of community Courtesy

6. Which of the following statement is correct?

Answer: Increases your stamina and flexibility

7. Social dancing can prevent some diseases caused by sedentary lifestyle, if regularly performed. Which
of the following does NOT belong to the group?

Answer: lung cancer

8. “it takes two to tango” What does this quote mean?

Answer: It takes two to take any endeavor work

9. May I have this dance?” This line implies...

10. The following are reasons why fitness is a universal concern EXCEPT ONE;

Answer: D.

a. We face different challenges everyday so we have to keep ourselves fit all the time to overcome
them

b. Everyone needs to be physically fit to meet daily physical challenges

c. One can influence the community fitness consciousnesseffectively if he or she fosters fitness
and well-being

d. To be a good athlete or player in a certain sport

11. What is the correct step pattern of Alemana Turn?

Answer: L-Fw (Pivot Ahlfway Turn R), R-Fw (Pivot Halfway Turn R), leading to Chasse L Bw

12. What is the correct step pattern of New York?

Answer: Step 1 across R in front, Step R in place, Chasse L Sw, Step R over L in front, Chasse R Sw.

13. In social dancing, a boy leads while a girl follows. What values can be developed in such training?

Answer: Respect

14. What happens if one doesn’t have physically active lifestyle?

Answer: He/she will not be physically fit

By: Ianna Nichole V. Geraldo and Pretty Mae P. Villanueva