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TM-Ring Test for TMT Steel Quality

This document discusses using the TM-Ring test to assess the quality of TMT/QST steel rebars used in reinforced concrete. It describes how to perform the TM-Ring test, identifies good and poor quality rebars using sample images, and provides acceptance criteria for the test.

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Snehal Abhyankar
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107 views11 pages

TM-Ring Test for TMT Steel Quality

This document discusses using the TM-Ring test to assess the quality of TMT/QST steel rebars used in reinforced concrete. It describes how to perform the TM-Ring test, identifies good and poor quality rebars using sample images, and provides acceptance criteria for the test.

Uploaded by

Snehal Abhyankar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Lecture 3A

Repair and Maintenance of Concrete Structures


TM-Ring Test for assessing the
Embedded
quality of TMTMetal
/ QSTCorrosion
steel rebars

Radhakrishna G. Pillai
Department of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

NPTEL – MOOC Course on Maintenance and Repair of Concrete Structures

Courtesy: Some images are sourced from the internet for demonstration purposes.
Shear stirrups with a bend angle of 135o

Must check the surface crack resistance if used for shear


stirrups with a bend angle of 135o
(as in the case of earthquake resistant designs)
Nair and Pillai (2017), “TM-Ring test – A quality Control test for TMT (or QST) Steel reinforcing bars used in reinforced concrete systems,”
ICI Journal, April-June 2017
Poor TM-Ring can cause surface cracking

No cracking Severe cracking


Rebars with discontinuities were observed
predominantly in 8 and 12 mm diameter rebars
(stirrups)

A B C D E
8 mm
12 mm
16 mm
IS 1786 provides a “non-mandatory” specification to
test the TM-ring in TMT rebars
TM-Ring Test

• Ensure durability of steel


• Ensure proper heat treatment
• Easy and replicable
• Ideal for on-site qualification

• Macroetching
• Acceptance criteria
Components/Parts of the TM-Ring test

• Specimen embedded in contrasting cold setting


epoxy
• Polished specimen (80-220 or 100 grit size)
• Nital solution (nitric acid, ethyl alcohol) 5% by volume
• Image acquisition setup
– Lighting conditions (350-450 lux)
– Adjustable platform
TM-Ring test procedure

• Collect 2-3 mL Nital solution using micropipette


• Deposit the solution on the cold mounted sample
surface
• Wait for 3-5 minutes for etching
• Absorb excess solution using paper towel after
etching
• Take photo for analysis and quantification
Identifying good and poor quality QST/TMT
steel rebars

GOOD POOR POOR POOR

Red dots indicate the peripheral regions with imperfect TM phase.

Better quality control of TMT steel is essential and


possible through regulations and more awareness
Nair and Pillai (2017), “TM-Ring test – A quality Control test for TMT (or QST) Steel reinforcing bars used in reinforced concrete systems,”
ICI Journal, April-June 2017
Datasheet for acceptance criteria
Quantification of TM-Ring

Area of TM expected to be between >30% and <50%


to avoid under/over quenching

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