Matrix
1) Define with Example
I. Matrix
II. Square Matrix
III. Rectangular Matrix
IV. Row Matrix
V. Column Matrix
VI. Horizontal Matrix
VII. Vertical Matrix
VIII. Unit / Identity Matrix
IX. Diagonal Matrix
X. Scalar Matrix
XI. Zero or Null Matrix
XII. Triangular Matrix
XIII. Upper & Lower Triangular Matrix
XIV. Equal Matrix
XV. Sub Matrix
2. Evaluate the following problems.
2 3 1 1 2 −1
a) If A= [ ] and B=[ ] ; Evaluate 3A – 4B.
0 −1 5 0 −1 3
1 2 −3 3 −1 2
b) Given A = [5 0 2 ] and B=[4 2 5]; find the matrix C, such that A + 2C = B.
1 −1 1 2 0 3
1 2 3
c) If A= [2 3 1] ; and A+B =0 then B=?
3 1 2
d) If X, Y are two matrices given by the equations
1 −2 3 2
𝑥+𝑦 =[ ] and 𝑥 − 𝑦 = [ ] ; Find the value of x and y.
3 4 −1 0
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 −𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃
e) If A= ( 1 ) and B= ( 2 ) ; then A+B =?
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃
3 3
2 3
1 −2 3
f) If 𝐴 = [ ] and B= [4 5] ; find AB and show that AB ≠ BA.
−4 2 5
2 1
2 3 4 1 3 0
g) If A = [ 1 2 3] and B= [−1 2 1] ; then prove that AB ≠ BA.
−1 1 2 0 0 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
h) If A = ( ) , B= ( ) ; Show that, AB=BA.
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
3. Determine the followings:
2 −1 −1
i) if A = [0 1 2 ] ; evaluate A3
1 0 1
1 2 2 1 0 0
ii) Evaluate A2 - 4A - 5I, where; A= [2 1 2]and I = [0 1 0]
2 2 1 0 0 1
2 0 1
2
iii) Let f (x) = x - 5x + 6; find f (A) if A = [2 1 3]
1 −1 0
𝑎 𝑏
iv) If A denotes the matrix [ ]; prove that, A2 - (a + d) A + (ad - bc) I =O.
𝑐 𝑑
1 −2 3
v) if A = [ 2 3 −1]; evaluate 6A2 - 25A + 42I.
−3 1 2
3 −4 1 + 2𝑛 −4𝑛
vi) If A = [ ]; show that An =[ ].
1 −1 𝑛 1 − 2𝑛
1 2
vii) Show that the matrix A = [ ] satisfies the equation A2 - 2A -5I = 0, where 0 is the 2 x 2
3 1
null matrix.
1 0 0
viii) Show that the matrix = [2 1 0]; satisfies the equation
3 2 1
A3 - 3A2 + 3A - I = 0, where I is the unit matrix and 0 the null matrix of order 3.
2 3 3 −2 1 2
ix) lf A= [ ], B= [ ], C = [ ]; verify
4 −1 2 1 3 4
(i) (AB)C = A (BC);
(ii) (A +B) C =AC+ BC.
3. A trust fund has 50,000 Tk that is to be invested into two types of bonds. The first bond pays
5% interest per year and the second bond pays 6% interest per year. Using matrix multiplication,
determine how to divide 50,000 Tk among two types of bonds so as to obtain an annual total
interest of 2780 Tk.
