PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282592 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:16PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : EDTA Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:43PM
HAEMATOLOGY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate 6 mm/hour <=10 Modified Westergren at
18ºC
Comment:
ESR provides an index of progress of the disease and is widely used as an indicator of inflammation, infection, trauma, or
malignant diseases. Changes are more significant than a single abnormal test
It is specifically indicated to monitor the course or response to the treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis
bacterial endocarditis ,acute rheumatic fever ,Hodgkins disease,temporal arthritis , and systemic lupus erythematosis; and to
diagnose and monitor giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.
An elevated ESR may also be associated with many other conditions, including autoimmune disease, anemia,
infection,malignancy,pregnancy, multiple myeloma, menstruation, and hypothyroidism.
Although a normal ESR cannot be taken to exclude the presence of organic disease, its rate is dependent on various physiologic and
pathologic factors.
The most important component influencing ESR is the composition of plasma. High level of C-Reactive Protein, fibrinogen,
haptoglobin, alpha-1antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin and immunoglobulins causes the elevation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.
Drugs that may cause increase ESR levels include: dextran, methyldopa, oral contraceptives, penicillamine, procainamide,
theophylline, and Vitamin A. Drugs that may cause decrease levels include: aspirin, cortisone, and quinine
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 1 of 6
PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282594 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:17PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : Serum Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:03PM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
Lipid Profile
Cholesterol - Total 169 mg/dL Desirable <200, Enzymatic
Borderline High 200 -
239,
High >=240
Triglycerides 124 mg/dL Normal: < 150, Glycerol Phosphate
Borderline: 150 - 199, Oxidase
High:200 - 499,
Very High >=500
Cholesterol - HDL 35 mg/dL 40 - 60 Accelerator Selective
Detergent
Cholesterol - LDL 109 mg/dL Desirable: <100 Calculated
Above desirable: 100 -
129
Borderline high : 130 -
159
High : 160 - 189
Very high : >=190
Cholesterol- VLDL 25 mg/dL 10 - 30 Calculated
Cholesterol : HDL Cholesterol 4.8 Ratio Desirable : 3.5-4.5 Calculated
High Risk : >5
LDL / HDL Cholesterol Ratio 3.12 Ratio Desirable : 2.5-3.0 calculated
High risk : >3.5
Non HDL Cholesterol 134 mg/dl Desirable:< 130, Calculated
Above Desirable:130 -
159,
Borderline High:160 -
189,
High:190 - 219,
Very High: >= 220
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 2 of 6
PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282594 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:17PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : Serum Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:03PM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
Comment:
Measurements in the same patient can show physiological & analytical variations. Three serial samples 1 week apart
are recommended for Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL & LDL Cholesterol.
Lipid Association of India (LAI) recommends screening of all adults above the age of 20 years for Atherosclerotic
Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk factors, especially lipid profile. This should be done earlier if there is a family
history of premature heart disease, dyslipidemia, obesity, or other risk factors.
The LAI recommends LDL-C as the primary target and non-HDL-C as a co-primary target, for lipid-lowering therapy.
Non-HDL Cholesterol comprises the cholesterol carried by all atherogenic particles, including LDL, IDL, VLDL & VLDL
remnants, Chylomicron remnants and Lp(a).
Apo B measurement is recommended in high-risk subjects after LDL-C and non-HDL-C goals have been achieved.
Additional testing for Apolipoprotein B, hsCRP, Lp(a ) and LP-PLA2 should be considered among patients with
moderate risk for ASCVD for risk refinement.
Updated 2020 risk stratification approach recommended by the Lipid Association of India
Risk Factors/Markers
Moderate-risk
Major ASCVD Risk Factors Other High risk features nonconventional risk
factors
1. Age ≥45 years in males and 1. Diabetes with 0-1 other major ASCVD Risk factors and no 1. Coronary calcium score
≥55 years in females evidence of target organ damage 100-299
2. Family history of premature
2. CKD Stage 3B or 4 2. Increased carotid IMT
ASCVD
3. Current cigarette smoking and 3. Familial hypercholesterolemia (other than familial 3. Lipoprotein (a) 20-49
tobacco use homozygous hypercholesterolemia mg/dL
4. High blood pressure 4. Extreme of a single risk factor 4. Impaired Fasting Glucose*
5. Increased waist
5. Low HDL-C 5. Coronary calcium score ≥300
circumference**
6. Apolipoprotein B ≥110
6. Non-stenotic carotid plaque
mg/dL
7. Lipoprotein (a) ≥50 mg/dL 7. hsCRP ≥2 mg/L***
Risk groups
Low risk Moderate risk High risk Very High risk Extremely High risk
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 3 of 6
PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282594 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:17PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : Serum Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:03PM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
2 Major
≥3 major ASCVD
ASCVD risk Pre-existing ASCVD Category A Category B
risk factor
factors
0-1 major
Low risk group 2 major ASCVD risk
ASCVD risk Diabetes ≥2 other CAD ≥1 feature of very high risk
≥1 moderate- factor with ≥1
factor and major risk factors or group or recurrent ACS (within
risk moderate-risk
Lifetime CVD evidence of target one year) despite LDL-C ≤50
nonconventional nonconventional risk
risk <30% organ damage mg/dL or polyvascular disease
risk factors factors
Lifetime CVD ≥1 other high risk Familial homozygous
risk ≥30% features Hypercholesterolemia
* A fasting blood sugar level from 100 to 125 mg/dl. It should be confirmed by repeat testing; **Waist circumference is to
be measured at the superior border of the iliac crest just after expiration. Increased waist circumference is defined as >90
cm in men and >80 cm in women. If increased waist circumference is the only risk factor, it should again be measured after
6 months after initiating heart-healthy lifestyle measures; ***On two occasions at least 2 weeks apart. For reclassifying
moderate risk group only.
Newer treatment goals and statin initiation thresholds based on the risk categories proposed by LAI in 2020
Risk groups Treatment Goals Consider Drug Therapy
LDL-C (mg/dL) Non-HDL (mg/dL) LDL-C (mg/dL) Non-HDL (mg/dL)
Extreme Risk Group Category A <50 (Optional goal ≤30) <80 (Optional goal ≤60) ≥50 ≥80
Extreme Risk Group Category B ≤30 ≤60 >30 >60
Very High Risk <50 <80 ≥50 ≥80
High Risk <70 <100 ≥70 ≥100
Moderate Risk <100 ≥100 ≥130
Low risk <100 ≥130* ≥160*
*After an adequate non-pharmacological intervention for at least 3 months
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 4 of 6
PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282593 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:17PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : Serum Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:03PM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
Liver Function Test
Bilirubin-Total 0.94 mg/dL 0.2-1.2 Diazonium Salt
Bilirubin-Direct 0.33 mg/dL 0-0.5 Diazo
Bilirubin-Indirect 0.61 mg/dL 0 - 1.8 Calculated
Protein, Total 7.01 g/dL 6.0-8.3 Biuret
Albumin 4.24 g/dL 3.5-5.2 Bromocresol Green
Globulin 2.8 g/dl 1.8 - 3.6 Calculated
A/G Ratio 1.5 Ratio Calculated
Aspartate Transaminase (SGOT) 32 U/L 5-34 NADH w/o P-5’-P
Alanine Transaminase (SGPT) 55 U/L 5-55 NADH w/o P-5’-P
SGOT/SGPT 0.58 Ratio Calculated
Alkaline Phosphatase 49 U/L 40-150 Para-nitrophenyl
phosphate
Gamma Glutamyltransferase (GGT) 54 U/L 12-64 L-gamma-glutamyl-3-
Carboxy-4-Nitroanilide
Comment:
Bilirubin:
Bilirubin is a yellowish pigment found in bile and is a breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. Elevated levels results from increased
bilirubin production (eg hemolysis and ineffective erythropoiesis); decreased bilirubin excretion (eg; obstruction and hepatitis); and
abnormal bilirubin metabolism (eg; hereditary and neonatal jaundice). Conjugated (direct) bilirubin is elevated more than unconjugated
(indirect) bilirubin in viral hepatitis; drug reactions, alcoholic liver disease, gallstones in bile ducts,tumors & Scarring of the bile ducts.
Increased unconjugated (indirect) bilirubin may be seen in hemolytic or pernicious anemia, transfusion reaction & a common metabolic
condition termed gilbert syndrome.
GGT :
GGT is an enzyme present in liver, kidney, and pancreas.
It is induced by alcohol intake and is a sensitive indicator of liver disease.
Elevations in GGT levels are seen earlier and are more pronounced than those with other liver enzymes in cases of obstructive jaundice and
metastatic neoplasms.
Increased in - Liver disease: acute viral or toxic hepatitis, chronic or subacute hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, biliary tract
obstruction(intrahepatic or extrahepatic), primary or metastatic neoplasm, and infectious mononucleosis.
- Drugs (by enzyme induction): phenytoin, carbamazepine,barbiturates, alcohol.
ALP:
: Alkaline phosphatases are found in liver, bone, intestine, and placenta.
: It is useful in measuring the extent of bone metastases in prostate cancer.
: Normal in osteoporosis.
: Gamma glutamy transpetidase,(GGT), which increases in hepatobiliary disease but not in bone disease can be done to infer origin of
increased alkaline phosphatase (ie, liver rather than bone).
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 5 of 6
PO No :PO3824953767-999
Name : [Link] G NAIR :
Age/Gender : 29/Male Registration Date : 01-Jul-22 11:01 AM
Patient ID : MGB153851 Collection Date : 01/Jul/2022 06:42AM
Barcode ID / Order ID : A8282593 / 5020385 Sample Receive Date : 01/Jul/2022 12:17PM
Referred By : Dr. Report Status : Final Report
Sample Type : Serum Report Date : 01/Jul/2022 02:03PM
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Range Method
Increased in - Obstructive hepatobiliary diseases, bone disease (physiologic bone growth, Paget disease, osteomalacia, osteogenic
sarcoma, bone metasttases), hyperparathyroidism, rickets, benign familial hyperphosphatasemia, pregnancy (third trimester). GI disease
(perforated ulcer or bowel infarct), hepatotoxic drugs.
Decreased in - Hypophosphatasia.
SGOT/AST :
: Present in large concentrations in liver, skeletal muscle, brain, red cells, and heart.
: Released into the bloodstream when tissue is damaged, especially in liver injury.
: Test is not indicatted for diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
: AST/ALT ratio>1 suggests cirrhosis in patients wiyh hepatitis C.
Increased in: Acute viral hepatitis (ALT> AST),
: Biliary tract obstruction (cholangitis, choledocholithiasis),
: Alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis (AST> ALT)
: Other conditions - liver abscess, metastatic or primary liver cancer; right heart failure, ischemia or hypoxia, injury
to liver(“shock liver”), extensive [Link] that cause cholestasis or hepatotoxicity.
Decreased in: Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency.
SGPT/ALT :
:Present in large concentrations in liver, kidney; in smaller amounts, in skeletal muscle and heart.
:Released with tissue damage, particularly liver injury. ALT is the preferred enzyme for evaluation of liver injury.
Increased in: Acute viral hepatitis (ALT> AST)
: Biliary tract obstruction (cholangitis, choledocholithiasis)
: Alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis (AST> ALT) hypoxia, injury to liver (“shock liver”),extensive trauma.
: Other conditions - liver abscess, metastatic or primary liver cancer;right heart failure, ischemia or Drugs that cause
cholestasis or hepatotoxicity.
Decreased in: Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency.
Protein total:
Major component of plasma; influenced by nutritional state, hepatic function, renal function, and various diseases.
Serum albumin indicates serverity in chronic liver disease.
Useful in nutritional assessment if there is no impairment in production or increased loss of albumin.
There is a 10% reduction in serum albumin level in late pregnancy (related to hemodilution)
Increased in :Dehydration, shock, hemoconcentration.
Decreased in :Decreased hepatic synthesis (chronic liver disease, malnutrition,malabsorption, malignancy.
: Increased losses (nephrotic syndrome, burns, trauma, hemorrhagewith fluid replacement,
fistulas, enteropathy, acute or chronic glomerulonephritis.
: Hemodilution (pregnancy, CHF).
: Drugs: estrogens.
*** End Of Report ***
Kindly correlate clinically
Results relate only to the sample, as received
Page 6 of 6
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