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Phoenician Trade Routes in the Mediterranean

The document summarizes trade and civilizations in the ancient Middle East, including the Minoans, Phoenicians, Aramaeans, and Lydians. The Minoans dominated Mediterranean trade from their capital Knossos on Crete between 2000-1400 BCE. The Phoenicians were major traders along the Mediterranean coast from 1100-842 BCE, spreading the alphabet and sailing past the Straits of Gibraltar. The Aramaeans controlled trade routes between Egypt and Mesopotamia in the 1st millennium BCE, spreading Aramaic as a common language. The Lydians in Asia Minor invented coinage, giving them an economic advantage over neighbors still using barter systems.

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87 views3 pages

Phoenician Trade Routes in the Mediterranean

The document summarizes trade and civilizations in the ancient Middle East, including the Minoans, Phoenicians, Aramaeans, and Lydians. The Minoans dominated Mediterranean trade from their capital Knossos on Crete between 2000-1400 BCE. The Phoenicians were major traders along the Mediterranean coast from 1100-842 BCE, spreading the alphabet and sailing past the Straits of Gibraltar. The Aramaeans controlled trade routes between Egypt and Mesopotamia in the 1st millennium BCE, spreading Aramaic as a common language. The Lydians in Asia Minor invented coinage, giving them an economic advantage over neighbors still using barter systems.

Uploaded by

twinckel mae bienes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Trading Peoples in the Ancient Middle East

Geography of the Middle East


 Desert
̶ ______________________________________________
 Arid = __________
 Mountains
̶ Zagros Mountains (separate Iraq and Iran)
 Seas
̶ Mediterranean, ______________, _____________, _________________
 Regions
̶ Fertile Crescent
̶ _________________________________
̶ Asia Minor – ___________________________________
̶ Canaan – Modern Israel, Lebanon, Palestine
 Modern Countries
̶ Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Jordan
Minoan Civilization
The Minoans – 2000 – 1400 BCE
 Located on the island of ______________________
 Capital city = __________________________
 Success was based on trade NOT conquest
 Major influence on early Greece
Minoan Trade and Culture
 Named after ____________________________, legendary king who supposedly kept a half-man,
half bull (________________________________) under the palace
 Dominated trade in the Mediterranean
 Traded pottery, swords, figurines, precious metals
 Also ________________________________________________________
Palace at _________________________
 Many wall paintings
̶ ________________________________
̶ ________________________________
̶ Men & women practicing for athletic contest – _____________________
̶ Women __________________________________
̶ No ______________________________________

Dolphin Fresco Bull Leaping


Religion
 ______________________________________
 Sacrificed bulls and other animals to their gods
 At ________________________________________________
 Bull played a great role in society and religion
 Priestesses led shrines, males aided them
 _____________________________________ had higher rank than neighboring societies
Minoan Civilization Vanishes!
 Civilization began to decline circa 1470 BCE
 Causes?
̶ _________________________________________________________________________
̶ ______________________________________________
The Phoenicians
_______________________________
 1100 BCE – became trading power in Mediterranean
 Originated in ________________________________
 Spread out across the Mediterranean
 _________________________________________: major city-states
 City-States completed with each other
 __________________________________________________________
 First Mediterranean people to go past the ___________________________________
 Sailed from Red Sea around Africa back to the Mediterranean (2000 years later done again)
The Phoenicians – 1100 – 842 ________
 ____________________________________________ along the Mediterranean coast
 Traveled through the Straits of Gibraltar into the Atlantic and around Africa, even as far as Britain
Phoenician Trading Ship
Trade
 Traded for wine, weapons, precious metals, ___________________ and __________________
 Act _______________________________________________
 Purple dye produced from murex (snails)
 Rotten snails to produce ____________, took 60,000
to produce 1 lb of dye
 ______________________________
The Alphabet
 Developed the phonetic alphabet
̶ ______________________________ = _______________________________
 Eventually modified by the ____________________ & _____________________
 Made record keeping easier while trading
Decline
 Eastern cities captured by the Assyrians in 842 BC
 Hurt trade
 Western cities (like ___________________________) set up their own city-states
 Phoenician homeland taken over by _______________________ (Cyrus I)
Aramaeans
 Settled in ____________________________________________
 Monarchy
̶ Rule by a king or queen
 Land traders who moved by _________________________
̶ People ___________________________together for protection
 Controlled _______________________ between Egypt and _________________________
 Aramaic became the common __________________________________
̶ Combination of ________________________ and ___________________________
̶ Language spreads through Middle East (Cultural Diffusion)
Trading Caravans
Lydians
 Located in modern day ________________________________
̶ ________________________________
 Peninsula bound by the Black Sea, Aegean Sea, and Mediterranean Sea
 Cultural center of Asia Minor
 Invented _______________________ and set-prices
 Most neighbors still used the barter system
̶ System of trade where goods are exchanged for _________________________
̶ Made them more advanced _________________________________

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