Topics

Module b unit 2
Review vocabulary:
1. Is a group of organisms that are very closely related that can mate and produce fertile offspring.
2. Is a group of organisms that includes similar specie.
3. Is the science of describing, classifying, and naming living things.

4. Include Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya that represents the largest differences among
organisms in classification.

5. A Domain is made up of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and reproduce by cell division.

6. A Domain is made up of prokaryotes that differ from bacteria in their genetics and in the
makeup of their cell walls which live in harsh environments.

7. A Domain is made up of all organisms have cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles.

8. are single-celled or simple multicellular organisms such as algae, protozoans, and slime molds
which are very diverse, with plant-like, animal-like, or fungus-like characteristics.

9. are single-celled or multicellular organisms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms which get
energy by absorbing materials, and have cells with cell walls but no chloroplasts.

10. Are organisms consist of multicellular organisms that have cell walls, mostly made of cellulose
that make food through photosynthesis.

11. Are multicellular organisms—such as birds, fish, reptiles, insects, amphibians, and mammals—
that lack cell walls and are typically able to move around and have specialized sense organs.
They get nutrients by eating other organisms.

12. A branching diagram which shows relationships among species in which Organisms are grouped
according to common characteristics listed on a line.

13. A diagram shows relationships among species in which Organisms on branches above a
particular characteristic have the characteristic. Organisms on branches below the characteristic
do not

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14. A technique uses a series of paired statements to identify organisms and Each pair of
statements is numbered

15. Are organisms made up of one or many cells, each of which has a nucleus enclosed by a
membrane.

16. are single-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

17. is a domain of prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division.

18. is a domain of prokaryotes that are genetically very different from bacteria and that have unique
chemicals in their cell walls.

19. An structure is made up of a thick, protective coating, the bacteria’s genetic material, and
cytoplasm that enable bacterium to survive during harsh environmental conditions .

20. A way of bacterial reproduction in which one single-celled organism splits into two.

21. type of reproduction, in which one parent produces genetically identical offspring

22. A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information occurs when bacteria take up DNA from the
environment.

23. A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information happens when a virus injects DNA into a
bacterium.

24. Some bacteria have a second loop of DNA, smaller than the main chromosome

25. A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information occurs when two bacteria temporarily join
together, and a plasmid transfers from one bacterium to the other.

26. Is a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own. It either gets inside a cell or injects a
cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell.

27. The cycle by which a virus enters a cell or when its genetic material is injected into a cell, the
virus takes over the host cell, which follows instructions in the viral DNA.

28. Is the step occurs When the host cell is full of new viruses, they burst from the host cell kills the
host cell.

29. is a group of eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as fungi, plants, or animals which are
a very diverse group of organisms.
[Link] a structure functional for remove excess water from the protist cell.
[Link] a hairlike structures that beat rapidly back and forth for movement of
protest in order to find food.

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 [Link] a whiplike structure that propels the protist cell forward, to move.
33.A structure by which Amoebas move by stretching their bodies, When
cytoplasm flows into that structure, the rest of the cell follows.
34. A cell with one copy of genetic material

35. a cell with two copies of genetic material

36. Is a Dipolid adults undergo meiosis to make haploid spores.

37. Are reproductive cells that are resistant to stressful environmental conditions.

38. Formed when Two gametes join then grows into a diploid adult.

39. Are group of protists cannot make their own food as They get nutrients by ingesting other
organisms.

40. Are group of protists absorb nutrients from the environment. Many absorb nutrients from living
or dead organisms, they produce spores that are used in reproduction.

41. Are group of producers protists which means they use the sun’s energy to make food through
photosynthesis.

42. Are spore-producing organisms that absorb nutrients from the environment. Because they are
so different from other organisms, and placed in their own kingdom.

43. a hard substance that strengthens the cell walls of fungus .

44. a symbiotic relationship in which Some fungi grow on or in the roots of plants, providing
nutrients to the fungus, which helps the roots absorb minerals.

45. Is a partnership between a fungus and a green alga or cyanobacterium, which uses
photosynthesis to make food.

1. Is a rigid membrane that lies outside the cell membrane that supports and protects the plant
cell.

2. A carbohydrate which is the main component of plant cell walls.

3. a membrane-bound organelle that stores water and helps to keep the plant upright

4. The process that plants and other organisms use to convert solar energy to chemical energy

5. Is a green pigment that captures energy from sunlight.

6. Type of plants in which water moves from the environment and throughout the plant by
diffusion.

7. Type of plants are fairly small because cells of the plants that are far from the ground do not get
enough water.

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8. Types of plants have a vascular system that transports water and nutrients throughout the
plant’s body.

9. Is a system is made of roots and other underground structures.

10. Is a system the above-ground structures, such as stems, leaves, and flowers.

11. Is a nonvascular, rootlike structure that helps mosses attach to surfaces and helps plants get
water and nutrients.

12. Are underground stems from which new leaves and roots grow.

13. Are vascular plants that reproduce by making seeds.

14. Is a plant embryo enclosed in a protective coating.

15. Are plants that produce seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit. This includes cyads, ginkgoes, and
conifers

16. Are vascular plants that produce flowers and fruits that surround and protect seeds. Flowers are
reproductive structures of angiosperms.

17. is the male reproductive structure is made up of an anther, which produces pollen, attached to
a filament.

18. is the female reproductive structure is made up of stigma ,style , and ovary.

19. A structure in which the seed develops and matures into a fruit covering the seed that located at
the base of the pistil.

20. Is a process used to change light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugar substances.

21. Is a process in which cells use oxygen to release stored energy from the bonds of sugar
molecules

22. a tiny structure where sperm forms, which can be carried by wind, water, or animals.

23. Is the transfer of a pollen grain from the anther to the stigma

24. Are reproductive structures with specialized leaves called sepals and petals, which can attract
animal pollinators such as insects.

25. Is the male reproductive structure of flowers. At the tip of each is an anther, where pollen is
produced.

26. Is the female reproductive structure of flowers. When pollen reaches its tip , called the stigma,
pollination occurs.

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27. A plant structure that enable plants to reproduce asexually which grow on the edges of a plant’s
leaves. They fall off and grow on their own.

28. Plant structures that enable plants to reproduce asexually, such as a potato, are underground
stems that store nutrients and grow into a new plant.

29. Plant structures that enable plants to reproduce asexually, such as strawberries, are above-
ground stems that can grow into new plants.

30. Anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism.

31. Is an opening in the leaf’s surface which helps a plant exchange gases and respond to its water
levels.

32. Is the process by which water is lost from leaves

33. Plant growth in response to a stimulus

34. A change in the direction of plant growth in response to light

35. A change in the direction of plant growth in response to gravity

36. Describes the inactive state of a seed or other plant part when conditions are not right for
growth.

37. Type of symmetry , such as sponges in which the organism body with irregular shape—you
cannot draw a straight line to divide a sponge into equal parts.

38. Type of symmetry like the sea anemone its body parts , organized like the spokes of a wheel.

39. Type of symmetry in which the animal body can be divided into two parts that are mirror images
for each other .

40. Is an animal without a backbone.

41. a hard, external covering, which supports the body of Invertebrates because they do not have
bones.

42. An animal group made up of Tunicates and lancelets, along with vertebrates

43. Are Animals with backbones

44. an internal skeleton that supports a vertebrate’s body.

45. is made of bones called vertebrae that protect part of the nervous system .

46. Is a type of information that causes a reaction or change in an organism.

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47. Is the set of actions taken by an organism in response to stimuli, which can be internal or
external.

48. is an internal control of an animal’s natural cycles

49. Is a seasonal movement from one place to another.

50. Is a period of inactivity and decreased body temperature that some animals experience in
winter.

51. Is a period of inactivity experienced during hot and dry summers. A biological clock signals when
to begin and end seasonal behaviors.

52. Is the set of interactions that occur among animals of the same species.

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Choose the best answer from the following :

1. Which factor best explains why classification systems change over time?
A. changing environments lead to reclassification
B. increased plant species leads to reclassification
C. changes in food sources leads to reclassification
D. increased knowledge of genetics leads to reclassification

2. A nature magazine runs an article about the classification of animals. Included in the article is the
following table.
Mammal 1 Mammal 2 Mammal 3
Height at
42 cm 62 cm 77 cm
shoulder

Length
68 cm 81 cm 110 cm
without
tail
Weight
22 lb 30 lb 80 lb

Scientific Canis Canis latrans Canis lupus

name mesomelas

Which of the following can you conclude by studying the table?

A. The organisms lack any shared DNA.
B. The organisms share a common ancestor.
C. The organisms all belong to a different genus.
D. The organisms all belong to the Domain Archaea.

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3. How are members of Domain Eukarya different from members of Domain Archaea and Domain
Bacteria?
A. Members of Domain Eukarya are less complex than the members of Domain Archaea and Domain
Bacteria.
B. Members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria are multicellular, and members of Domain
Eukarya are usually single-celled organisms.
C. Members of Domain Eukarya have cells with membrane-bound organelles, and members of
Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria lack nuclei.
D. Members of Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea have structures for making their own food,
and members of Domain Eukarya lack these structures.

4. Katya listed major questions that scientists try to answer when they classify organisms. Her list
included the following questions:
How many living things are there?
What are the characteristics that define living things?
What additional question would be best for Katya to add to her list about classification?
A. How are living things related?
B. How do living things get energy?
C. What do living things need to survive?
D. Where do living things make their home?

5. What are the four eukaryotic kingdoms?

A. Animalia, Bacteria, Fungi, Plantae
B. Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Protista
C. Archaea, Animalia, Bacteria, Plantae
D. Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protista

6. The following diagram shows one type of

living thing.

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 What type of organism is shown in the above image?
A. producer
B. consumer
C. decomposer
D. the diagram does not show a living thing

7. The table below shows characteristics of bacteria and viruses.

Which letter represents viruses? Number of Type of Living or
Cells Reproduction Nonliving
A. A
A 1 needs host; lytic nonliving
B. B cycle
B 1 binary fission or living
C. both conjugation

D. neither

8. What type of organism can be found in extreme environments such as hot springs?
A. DNA
B. viruses
C. archaea
D. eukaryotes

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9. How does a virus use a host to reproduce?
A. The virus only uses a host cell for shelter; it does not use a host cell to reproduce.
B. The host cell only provides the virus with the food it needs to reproduce on its own.
C. The virus can replicate its own genetic material, but it uses the host for the process of conjugation.
D. The host cell provides the virus with resources and shelter; its proteins replicate the genetic
material of the virus.

10. Bacteria are generally found in which three shapes?

A. sphere, rod, spiral
B. polygon, cylinder, sphere
C. tube, spiral, hexagon
D. disc, sphere, spacecraft

11. How does the process of binary fission work in the asexual reproduction of bacteria?
A. Two cells join to become one larger cell.
B. One cell splits into two cells with identical DNA.
C. DNA material from the environment is added to the cell.
D. Bacteria can only reproduce via sexual reproduction, not asexual reproduction.

12. What are mycorrhizae?

A. Mycorrhizae are one of the three main types of fungi.
B. Mycorrhizae are the threadlike strands of a fungus used in reproduction.
C. Mycorrhizae are formed by a partnership between fungi and the roots of plants.
D. Mycorrhizae are formed by a partnership between fungi and green algae or cyanobacterium.

13. The following diagram shows a type of fungus.

Which type of fungus is shown in the diagram above?

A. sac fungus
B. club fungus
C. zygote fungus
D. gamete fungus

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14. What are three different groups of protists?
A. plantlike, animal-like, fungus-like
B. unicellular, multi-cellular, prokaryotic
C. with nucleus, without nucleus, gamete
D. budding, binary fission, fragmentation

15. In which of the following situations would an organism produce spores?

A. adding water to baking soda
B. a tree sending roots underground
C. algae becoming abundant in a backyard pond
D. bread left out on a counter and allowed to mold

16. How do the cilia and flagella of protists differ from those of bacteria?
A. Bacteria do not have cilia or flagella while protists have both.
B. Bacteria only have cilia while protists have both cilia and flagella.
C. Bacteria have complex cilia and flagella while protists have simple cilia and flagella.
D. Bacteria have simple cilia and flagella while protists have complex cilia and flagella

17. What is conjugation?

A. A method of asexual reproduction where one cell divides into two.
B. A method of sexual reproduction where one cells acts alone to divide.
C. A method of asexual reproduction where offspring are created by budding.
D. A method of sexual reproduction where two cells temporarily join to combine DNA.

18. A scientist is studying extreme environments like deep sea vents and hot springs. What type of life
should she expect to find in these environments?
A. virus
B. archaea
C. bacteria
D. eukaryotes

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19. The following diagram shows a type of fungus.

What feature indicates that this is a club fungus, as opposed to any other type of fungus?
A. It is unicellular.
B. It has a microscopic sac-like shape.
C. It is a mushroom, and mushrooms belong to the club fungi.
D. It has a zygote stage enclosed within a tough capsule.

20. Archaea can be found living in many extreme environments such as hot springs,
deep sea vents, and very salty lakes. The picture below shows some varieties of
Archaea.

Archaea are simple forms of life without nuclei, and many types have been around
since the very early stages of life on Earth. Which of these describes Archaea?
A. Multi-celled eukaryotes
B. Single-celled eukaryotes
C. Single-celled prokaryotes
D. Multi-celled prokaryotes

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21. The picture below shows a virus.

Which of the following is a task the host cell has during the replication
of viruses?
A. The host cell destroys the virus.
B. The host cell replicates the virus’s genetic material.
C. The host cell is destroyed and viral replication stops.
D. The host cell’s proteins block the replication of the viral proteins.

22. Which of the following is true of protists?

A. Protists reproduce only by asexual reproduction.
B. Some protists can photosynthesize.
C. Protists cannot move on their own.
D. Protists are prokaryotic.

23. Fungi that exist mostly in a unicellular state and reproduce by budding are
called what?
A. molds C. spores
B. hyphae D. yeasts

24. The image below shows one structure of fungi.

The image shows a tangled mass of hyphae. What is this tangled mass also known as?
A. spores
B. mycelium
C. zygote fungi
D. cyanobacterium

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25. How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?
A. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, while eukaryotes do not.
B. There is no difference between the two types of cells.
C. Prokaryotes are always multicellular, while eukaryotes are always single celled.
D. Prokaryotes are always single celled, while eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular.

26. What are two results of partnerships between fungi and other organisms?
A. yeast and spores
B. hyphae and mycelium
C. lichen and mycorrhizae
D. cyanobacteria and phytoplankton

27. What is an internal stimulus?

A. a change that occurs inside an animal’s body
B. a change that occurs outside an animal’s body
C. a message to tell an animal what is occurring within its body
D. a message to tell an animal what is occurring outside of its body

28. Which response below best describes fusion of gametes during sexual reproduction of protists?
A. one gametes splits into two cells
B. two gametes each divide to form four cells
C. one gamete doubles its genetic information
D. two gametes join together to share genetic information

29. The diagram below shows viruses and a host cell.

What process is happening in the diagram?

A. lytic cycle
B. homeostasis
C. sexual reproduction
D. asexual reproduction

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30. The image below shows one structure of fungi.

The image shows part of the fungal body known as the mycelium. What makes up the mycelium?
A. spores
B. yeasts
C. hyphae
D. cyanobacterium

31. What two features do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not have?
A. nucleus and DNA
B. cell wall and ribosomes
C. membrane-bound organelles and DNA
D. membrane-bound organelles and nucleus

32. With which organisms do fungi partner to produce lichen and mycorrhizae?
A. with hyphae to produce lichen, with yeast to produce mycorrhizae
B. with phytoplankton to produce lichen, with spores to produce mycorrhizae
C. with plant roots to produce lichen, with cyanobacteria to produce mycorrhizae
D. with cyanobacteria to produce lichen, with plant roots to produce mycorrhizae

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33. What happens to gametes during sexual reproduction of protists?
A. fusion
B. fission
C. division
D. production of spores

34. The diagram below shows viruses and a host cell.

In what way are host cells important to viruses?

A. Viruses use host cells for food.
B. Viruses need host cells to replicate.
C. Viruses travel to new locations with the help of host cells.
D. Viruses do not need host cells, but host cells do need viruses to reproduce.

35. The image below shows one structure of fungi.

What is shown in the above image, and how is it important for the sexual reproduction of fungi?
A. It shows cyanobacteria. During sexual reproduction, this structure produces genetic material.
B. It shows hyphae. They join with the hyphae of another fungus to share genetic material.
C. It shows yeast. Yeast helps fungi obtain the food needed to fuel sexual reproduction.
D. It shows spores. Spores are used only for asexual reproduction and are not needed for sexual
reproduction in fungi.

36. How do some bacteria survive harsh conditions?

A. They attach to a host cell.
B. They change environments.
C. They cannot survive harsh conditions.
D. They encase some parts in an endospore.

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 37. Which of the following identifies the levels of classification in correct order?
A. domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
B. genus, species, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family
C. domain, kingdom, genus, species, phylum, class, order, family
D. genus, species, phylum, class, order, family, domain, kingdom

Choose the best answer :

38. What is the function of stems in vascular plants?
A. They make food for the plants.
B. They absorb minerals from the soil.
C. They hold plants in place in the soil.
D. They support the plants and keep them upright.

39. . What is the name of the process that allows plants to produce their own food?
A. glucose
B. chlorophyll
C. chloroplasts
D. photosynthesis

40. What are two things that all vascular plants have?
A. flowers and fruit
B. seeds and pollen
C. stems and leaves
D. pistil and stamen

41. How many stages are in each plant life cycle?

A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four

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42. The following table shows characteristics of two major plant groups, labeled A and B.
A B
Produces seeds? Yes Yes
Produces fruit? No Yes
Produces flowers? No Yes
Produces cones? Yes No

In the above table, what is the correct label for the group described in column B?
A. seed plants
B. vascular plants
C. angiosperms
D. gymnosperms

43. What substance found within the chloroplasts of leaves is responsible for capturing light energy
during photosynthesis?
A. water
B. oxygen
C. chlorophyll
D. carbon dioxide

44. What is an example of internal stimulus to which plants can respond?

A. light
B. hormones
C. temperature
D. soil conditions

45. The diagram below details the process of photosynthesis.

What is the name of the process outlined in A. B. C. D. E.
Light Chloropla Driven by Glucose The plant
part E of the diagram above? energy sts in light molecules uses
from sun leaves energy, store glucose
A. chlorophyll hits plant capture carbon chemical and
light dioxide energy for releases
B. transpiration energy and water the plant carbon
combine dioxide in
C. photosynthesis to form the
glucose process
D. cellular respiration and called
oxygen ________

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46. As you walk past a field of sunflowers, you notice the flowers are all facing the same direction. This
is an example of what?
A. transpiration
B. phototropism
C. photosynthesis
D. sexual reproduction

47. What characteristic do all invertebrates share?

A. They have backbones.
B. They do not have backbones.
C. They all live in marine environments.
D. They all live in terrestrial environments.

48. You are hiking in the woods and come across an animal you can’t identify. However, you are certain
it’s a mammal. How are you able to be sure it’s a mammal?
A. It has hair.
B. It has thumbs.
C. It climbs into a tree.
D. It is walking upright.

49. The following drawings show three different animals: a butterfly, a sand dollar, and a sea sponge.

Which animal above illustrates bilateral symmetry?

A. butterfly
B. sand dollar
C. sea sponge
D. both the butterfly and the sand dollar

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50. What is cell differentiation?
A. The process of cells developing into cells with different functions.
B. The process in which a male sex cell fertilizes a female sex cell forming an embryo.
C. The process of animals developing changes to their physical traits over a long period of time.
D. The process of animals obtaining energy by consuming both plants and animals.

51. Most animals share many characteristics. They are multicellular, they reproduce sexually, they have
specialized parts, and they can move. What is one other characteristic most animals share?
A. They breathe oxygen through their mouth.
B. They eat other organisms to gain energy.
C. They have appendages like arms and legs.
D. They absorb energy from sunlight in the process of photosynthesis.

52. The table below shows some behaviors of animals.

What is the best title for the above table? finding food maintaining defensive
territory behavior
A. survival behaviors
B. seasonal behaviors
C. defensive behaviors
D. reproductive behaviors

53. What is social behavior in animals?

A. the tendency of animals to avoid interaction
B. interaction between animals of differing species
C. interaction between animals of the same species
D. the term used to describe the drawbacks of animals living in groups

54. How can parenting behaviors help an animal’s survival?

A. Parenting behaviors do not help an animal survive.
B. Parenting behaviors can help an animal attract a mate.
C. Parenting behaviors teach young animals innate behaviors.
D. Parenting behaviors can help young animals learn behaviors that are not innate.

55. Which of the following is an example of learned behavior in animals?

A. a newborn calf taking milk from its mother
B. a young wolf observing how to hunt in packs
C. a young bird flying out of the nest for the first time
D. a black bear going into hibernation during the winter months

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56. Hibernation is a period of inactivity and decreased body temperature that some animals experience in
the winter. What is the similar period of inactivity that some animals experience in the summer?
A. migration
B. estivation
C. biological clock
D. circadian rhythm

57. The following table shows characteristics of major plant groups.

A B

Produces seeds? Yes Yes

Produces fruit? No Yes

Produces flowers? No Yes

Produces cones? Yes No

Which column correctly identifies gymnosperms?

A. column A
B. column B
C. columns A and B
D. neither column A nor B

58. Why do plants without vascular systems tend to grow small and close to the ground?
A. Nonvascular plants get less food than vascular plants.
B. Nonvascular plants lack structures that allow the plant to grow large.
C. Nonvascular plants grow close to the ground because they have small stems.
D. Nonvascular plants grow close to the ground in order to capture more sunlight.

59. Which of the following is an example of an animal found in the phylum Nematoda?
A. clam
B. earthworm
C. hookworm
D. sea cucumber

60. What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate?

A. vertebrates lack backbones, invertebrates have backbones
B. vertebrates have backbones, invertebrates lack backbones
C. vertebrates walk upright, invertebrates cannot walk upright
D. vertebrates reproduce sexually, invertebrates reproduce asexually

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[Link] material do plants make during photosynthesis?
A. glucose
B. organelles
C. chlorophyll
D. carbon dioxide

61. The diagram below shows a flower, with several of its reproductive parts labeled.

Which labeled part of the flower produces pollen?

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

62. Which of the following is a reproductive behavior?

A. foraging
B. growling
C. courtship
D. estivation

63. Where would you expect to see a plant that does not have a vascular system?
A. In a botanical museum, because they are all extinct.
B. Deeply rooted in a forest with a trunk that reaches 20 meters or more.
C. Low and close to the ground.
D. Climbing high while circling the branches of another plant.

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64. Which of the following is a plant structure that is involved in asexual
reproduction?
A. stigma C. pistil
B. stamen D. tuber

65. The diagram below shows a cycle of energy flowing between living organisms.

Which of the following could the two sides of the diagram represent?
A. The left side represents a producer, and the right side represents a consumer.
B. The left side represents a consumer, and the right side represents a producer.
C. The left side represents an animal that eats plants and the right side represents a plant.
D. The left side represents energy created, and the right side represents energy destroyed.

66. Which of the following is true of all animals?

A. They are producers.
B. They are multicellular.
C. They reproduce asexually.
D. They are unicellular.

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67. The fossil below shows a well-preserved invertebrate with an exoskeleton and
jointed appendages.

Which of these invertebrate phyla is characterized by an exoskeleton and

jointed legs?
A. Cnidara C. Arthropoda
B. Ctenophora D. Mollusca

68. Which of the following phrases describes the cycle of activity that an animal has
during any 24-hour period?
A. The animal’s hibernation period.
B. The animal’s estivation period.
C. The animal’s biological clock.
D. The animal’s circadian rhythm.

69. Which of the following describes an innate animal behavior?

A. A pet dog shaking hands on its owner’s command.
B. Monarch butterflies migrating southward.
C. Squirrels in a park approaching people for food.
D. A horse being ridden through an obstacle course.

70. During which process do plants capture light energy and carbon dioxide and use it to produce
glucose?
A. fertilization
B. reproduction
C. photosynthesis
D. cellular respiration

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71. What is social hierarchy?
A. animals that live together
B. animals that release pheromones to attract mates
C. animals that have dominant and submissive roles
D. animals that hunt together and share food and shelter

72. How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?

A. Prokaryotes have a nucleus, while eukaryotes do not.
B. There is no difference between the two types of cells.
C. Prokaryotes are always multicellular, while eukaryotes are always single celled.
D. Prokaryotes are always single celled, while eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular.

73. The following chart describes several different parts of flowering plants.
A B C
male female reproductive composed of sepals
reproductive structure and petals
structure
What is the correct label for column A?
A. seed
B. pistil
C. stamen
D. angiosperm

74. What are the two phases of the plant life cycle?
A. zygote and seed
B. spores and flowers
C. sporophyte and zygote
D. sporophyte and gametophyte

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75. The following drawings show three different animals: a butterfly, a sand dollar, and a sea sponge.

What type of symmetry does the sand dollar illustrate?

A. radial
B. bilateral
C. reflection
D. asymmetry

76. What is estivation?

A. moving from one location to another as the seasons change
B. inactivity and decreased body temperature during the winter
C. inactivity and decreased body temperature during the summer
D. a period of increased activity and increased body temperature

77. What is an internal stimulus?

A. a change that occurs inside an animal’s body
B. a change that occurs outside an animal’s body
C. a message to tell an animal what is occurring within its body
D. a message to tell an animal what is occurring outside of its body

78. Which of the following is a function of stomata?

A. absorb sunlight
B. release glucose
C. release water vapor
D. absorb water through the roots

79. The image below shows a type of plant called a fern.

Which is the correct term for the newly forming leaves seen in the image?
A. frond
B. leaflet
C. rhizome
D. fiddlehead

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80. Which of the following terms best describes animals?
A. producer
B. consumer
C. unicellular
D. decomposer

81. Which response below best describes fusion of gametes during sexual reproduction of protists?
A. one gametes splits into two cells
B. two gametes each divide to form four cells
C. one gamete doubles its genetic information
D. two gametes join together to share genetic information

82. During photosynthesis, what two things do plants use to produce glucose?
A. water and chlorophyll
B. light energy and oxygen
C. chlorophyll and carbon dioxide
D. light energy and carbon dioxide

83. Which of the following exhibits dominant behavior?

A. alpha male in a wolf pack

B. a puppy in a litter of dogs
C. a drone bee in a colony of bees
D. a female deer in a herd of deer

84. What two features do eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not have?
A. nucleus and DNA
B. cell wall and ribosomes
C. membrane-bound organelles and DNA
D. membrane-bound organelles and nucleus

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85. The following chart describes several different parts of flowering plants.

A B C
male reproductive female reproductive composed of sepals
structure structure and petals

Which of the answers below gives the correct labels for columns A, B, and C?
A. A is pistil, B is stamen, C is flower
B. A is stamen, B is pistil, C is flower
C. A is angiosperm, B is flower, C is fruit
D. A is stamen, B is seed, C is gymnosperm

86. Which plant life phase begins when two gametes fuse together to form a zygote?
A. sporophyte
B. gametophyte
C. both sporophyte and gametophyte
D. neither sporophyte or gametophyte

87. The following drawing shows three different animals: a butterfly, a sand dollar, and a sea sponge.

Which animal above illustrates radial symmetry?

A. butterfly
B. sand dollar
C. sea sponge
D. both the sand dollar and the sea sponge

88. Which behavior could best help an animal survive harsh summer conditions?
A. estivation
B. migration
C. hibernation
D. circadian rhythm

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89. Which of the following is an example of an internal stimulus?
A. vomiting
B. hot weather
C. the sound of a predator
D. a baby whale swimming

90. Which of the following scenarios could cause stomata to close?

A. The plant lives near a wetland area.
B. The soil around the plant is very wet.
C. The soil around the plant is very dry.
D. Rain has fallen every day for ten days.

91. The image below shows one type of plant.

What type of plant is shown above, and where would you be most likely to find it living?
A. fern, tropics
B. conifer, forest
C. moss, harsh environments
D. liverwort, damp environments

92. Why are animals considered consumers?

A. because they grow their own food
B. because they produce their own food
C. because they eat other organisms to get food
D. because they decompose other organisms to get food

93. Building a nest could best be considered which type of behavior?

A. social
B. survival
C. seasonal
D. reproductive

94. What part of a plant’s leaves allows the plant to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen?
A. stem
B. cuticle
C. stomata
D. chloroplasts

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13. What is an innate behavior?
A. a behavior taught by parents
B. a behavior that causes a change
C. a behavior that does not depend on learning
D. a behavior that depends on observation or experience

95. . The diagram below shows a flower, with several of its reproductive parts labeled.

Which labels correctly identify the male and female reproductive structures of the flower?
A. A and B are female structures, C and D are male structures
B. B and C are female structures, A and D are male structures
C. A and C are female structures, B and D are male structures
D. A and D are female structures, B and C are male structures

96. Which of the following identifies the levels of classification in correct order?
A. domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
B. genus, species, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family
C. domain, kingdom, genus, species, phylum, class, order, family
D. genus, species, phylum, class, order, family, domain, kingdom

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Answer the following questions :
1. What are level of classification?
2. What are the three domains?
3. How are living things named?
4. What two types of evidence are used to classify organisms?
5. What are the four kingdoms of eukaryea?
6. Identify common structures for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? And
explain how they are different?
7. Identify unusual places where archaea can live.
8. What are some characteristics of bacteria ?
9. Draw bacterial cell shapes
[Link] is the advantage for bacteria that form endospores?
[Link] how do bacteria reproduce asexually
[Link] how do bacteria exchange DNA
[Link] three reasons why viruses are not living things.
[Link] some characteristics of archaea?
[Link] do the cell walls of archaea and bacteria differ?
[Link] are two ways that protists can reproduce asexually?
[Link] are ways in which fungi reproduce?
[Link] the follwing questions :
[Link] the function of chlorophyll in plants ?
[Link] vascular plants can grow much taller than nonvascular plants?
[Link] are seed plants classified?
[Link] three examples of nonvascular seedless plants?
[Link] the characteristics of gymnosperms?
[Link] characteristics do all plants share?
[Link] is cellular respiration the reverse of photosynthesis?
[Link] are the phases of a plant’s life cycle?
[Link] do seedless plants reproduce?
[Link] do plants reproduce asexually?
[Link] the function of stomata?
[Link] do plants get wilt ?
[Link] is the importance of having vascular system ?
[Link] is the difference between spores and seeds?
[Link] is the difference between sprophytes and gametophytes ?
[Link] is the difference between fertilization and pollination?
[Link] stomata open ? and why?
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[Link] stomata close and why?
[Link] the structure and function of stomata?
[Link] the effect of gravitropism on plant root and plant stem?
[Link] is the difference between gravitropism and phototropism?
[Link] do plants live during dormancy?
[Link] characteristics do animals share?
[Link] between vertebrates and invertebrates?
[Link] are the differences between endoskeleton and exoskeleton ?
[Link] behaviors help animals reproduce successfully?
[Link] behaviors help animals survive seasonal changes?
[Link] are the differences between endothermic animals and ectothermic
animals
[Link] does it mean by animal hormones that help finding mates ?
[Link] does it mean by an area occupied by animals of the same species that
inhibit others to enter by sending signals ?

33
Answer the questions about the diagram :

34
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36
37
Label the drawing , identify each organism:

38
39
 Lesson 5

Classification of living organisms

1. What type of evidence used to classify living organisms ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Red maple its scientific name is Acer rubrum
What is the system used for naming ?
What is meant by each word ?

3. What are the eight level of classification from most general to most
specific ?
……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………….
4. Mention the three domain of life ?
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………..
5. What are the differences between bacteria and Archaea ?
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................

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41
 A student used a microscope to study four members of the phylum Ciliophora. Members of
this phylum move when propelled by hundreds of tiny cilia.
Although these organisms belong to the same phylum, they are classified as different —
A. families

B. species

C. kingdoms

D. orders

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Based on this key, which two fish have eyes located on either side of their head and are not
spotted?
A Glassy sweeper and squirrelfish

BGlasseye snapper and spotted eagle ray

CSpotted goatfish and bandtail puffer

DPeacock flounder and glassy sweeper

 Eukaryotic organisms that play an important role in recycling nutrients are

I. Protists
II. Fungi
III. Plants
IV. Bacteria
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and III
D. II and IV
E. I II and IV

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1. The most primitive characteristic in this cladogram is
A. Multicellular.
B. Eukaryotic.
C. Opposable thumb.
D. Vertebral column.
E. Placenta.
2. Choose the members of the mammal clade in this cladogram.
A. hawk, koala, camel, human
B. shark, hawk
C. koala, camel, human
D. camel, human
E. shark, hawk, koala, camel, human
3. Which organism possesses characteristics that evolved more recently?
A. human
B. camel
C. koala
D. hawk
E. Paramecium

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 Group work
Group ……………. Name :………………………………
Members
……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………
1. What two types of evidence are used to classify organisms ?

……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………
2. The following is the scientific name for Japanese maple that made
of 2 names ,
What is name of the system used ?..................................
What does each word mean ? ………………………….

3. What are the 8 level of classification from the most general to the
most specific ?
………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………
4. What are the 3 Domains of classification ?
……………………………………………………………………..

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5.

What is the name of the diagram above ?............................

What is the organism with most characters ?......................
What is the organism with least characters ? …………….
What are common characters shared by Koala and Shark ?............

6. What is the function of Endospore ?

…………………………………………………………………….
7. Mention the type of reproduction

 When one cell split into 2 identical cells ………………..

 A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information occurs when bacteria take up DNA from the
environment……………………….

 A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information happens when a virus injects DNA into a
bacterium………………………………

 A way bacteria can acquire new genetic information occurs when two bacteria temporarily join
together, and a plasmid transfers from one bacterium to the other……………………….

 A piece of the organism break off and grow into new organism.

 A part of the organism pinch of the parent organism and grow to a full size then separate into
new organism ………………………………

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1. What character is shared by viruses and living organisms ?

………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..
2. Mention 2 differences between lytic and lysogenic cycle ?
………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..
3. What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs ?
………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………
4. What is the function of contractile vacuole into protists cells ?
………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………….
5. Identify 4 kingdoms of domain eukaryotes ?
………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………….
6. What is the difference between lichens and mycorrhiza ?
………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..

47
Mention the type of reproduction represented :

48
identify the organism as ( producer consumer Decomposer)
* To which domain, kingdom, and group does this organism belong?
Domain :……………………..
Kingdom:……………………..
Group : ………………………
* label part a and mention its function ?

……………………………………………………………….

49
Answer the questions about each figures :

Write the label for each part of the flower

50
The following drawings show three different animals: a butterfly, a
sand dollar, and a sea sponge.

51
. The image below shows a type of plant called a ( conifer - fern - club mosses )

2. Which is the correct term for the newly forming leaves seen in the image?
A. frond
B. leaflet
C. rhizome
D. fiddlehead

3. This plant classified as

A. seed vascular
B . seedless vascular
C. angiosperms
d. seedless nonvascular

4. This plant reproduce by

a. seeds
b. spores
c. sperms
d. eggs
5. The stem of this plant is formed underground called …………………
a. rhizoids
b. sori
c. rhizomes
d. tropism

52
Classify the following organisms :( domain –kingdom –
phylum –class )

53
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 Invertebrate Animals with no true tissues and asymmey………….
 An exmaple : sponges
 Invertebrate with stinging cells to sting their prey
 Invertebrates with spiny skin
 Examples : jellyfish and hydra
 An example : sea star
 Jointed appendages
 Insects ,crab , shrimp , scorbion are examples of this group
 Segmented worm
 Flat worms
 Parasitic worms
 Roundworm
 Vertebrate animals with softskin
 Double life animal
 Vertebrates with dray scaly skin
 Frongs and toads are examples of this group
 Snakes and crocodiles are examples of this group
 Vertebrates with hollow bones to enable them to fly
 Vertebrates with intensive parenting .
 Vertebrates their body covered with fur or hair
 Monkeys and human are examples of this group

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