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AM Modulation Characteristics and Effects

This experiment aims to understand amplitude modulation (AM) and how modulation index affects system performance. AM involves varying the amplitude of a carrier wave using a message signal. The document provides the mathematical expressions for AM, showing how the modulated wave is generated by changing the carrier amplitude according to the message signal. It also includes a Simulink diagram simulating AM using different carrier frequencies and sample times to generate the modulated output signal.

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Azharul Islam
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76 views5 pages

AM Modulation Characteristics and Effects

This experiment aims to understand amplitude modulation (AM) and how modulation index affects system performance. AM involves varying the amplitude of a carrier wave using a message signal. The document provides the mathematical expressions for AM, showing how the modulated wave is generated by changing the carrier amplitude according to the message signal. It also includes a Simulink diagram simulating AM using different carrier frequencies and sample times to generate the modulated output signal.

Uploaded by

Azharul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Experiment Name: AM Modulation.

Objective

1. To understand the characteristics of amplitude modulation ( AM ).


2. To study AM modulation index and its effects on the system performance.

Theory:

Modulation : Modulation is the process whereby some characteristics of one


wave is varied in accordance with characteristics of another wave. In other words
we can say that modulation is the process of mixing or addition of information
signal with an electronic or optical carrier.

Carrier: The sinusoidal signal that is used in the modulation is known as carrier
signal or carrier. A carrier wave or carrier is a waveform that is modulated with an
input signal for the purpose of conveying information. This carrier wave is usually
a much higher frequency

Mathematical Expression for Amplitude Modulation:

Let us consider a modulating signal m(t), which is given by,

m(t) = Am cos ωmt

and the carrier signal c(t), given by the expression

c(t) = Ac cos ωct

Now, when the amplitude of the carrier is changed according to the message
signal, an amplitude modulated wave is generated which is given by

y(t) = A0 cos ωct

Here, A0 = Ac + m(t)

Thus, modulated wave is given as,

y(t) = (Ac + Am cos ωmt) cos ωct…………………Equation-1


Simulink Diagram:

Output:
When modulating frequency 2*pi and carrier frequency 2*pi*25 .And sample
time 0.0002 s ,Amplitude 1 output is
Modulating frequency 2*pi and carrier frequency 2*pi*20 .And sample time 0.001
Amplitude 1 output is

Modulating frequency 2*pi and carrier frequency 2*pi*15 .And sample time 0.001
Amplitude 1 output is
Discussion : Here two sine waves are used first we have Message signal or main
signal and second as carrier signal. Here a product is used by multiplying the main
signal and carrier signal and a scope is used we see three signals main signal,
carrier signal and modulated signal.

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