ETHIO NATIONAL SCHOOL
2020 G. C 4TH QUARTER MATHEMATICS LESSON NOTE FOR GRADE 9
Dear students: - Copy the note and do the given homework on your exercise book!
Subject: Mathematics Grade & section: 9 (A-F)
Unit:
Main topic: Statistics and Probability
Sub topic/s: Statistics
Page range from: 262 - 272
Monday, May 18, 2020
Properties of Mean
1. If we add ‘k’ values to the data, the new mean will be k plus the old mean.
Example1: find the mean value of the data 1, 2 and 3
Solution:
X1‾= = =2
Example 2: find the mean value of the data 1, 2 and 3 if k=3 is added to each data.
Solution: the new data becomes 1+3 = 4, 2 + 3 = 5 3+3=6
X2‾= =5
So, X2‾=3 + X1‾
2. If we multiply ‘k’ values to the data, the new mean will be k times the old mean.
Example1: find the mean value of the data 2, 4 and 9
Solution:
X1‾= =5
Example 2: find the mean value of the data 2, 4 and 9 if k=4 is multiplied to each data.
Solution: the new data becomes 2× 4 = 8, 4 × 4 = 16 9 × 4 = 36
X2‾= = 20
So, X2‾=4 × X1‾
3. Mean is unique.
4. Mean is affected by extreme values.
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Additional examples:
a. The mean age of Miky, Beza and Amen is 14. If the age of Miky and Amen is 13 and 14
respectively, then find the age of Beza.
Solution:
14= by cross product we get 42=28+ then subtract 28 both side then
we get the age of Beza is14.
b. Find the mean of test of 7 students: 6, 8, 11, 5, 2, 9, 7,
Solution:
x= =7
Assignment
Find the mean of;
1) 2,3,4,5,6
2) 10,12,12,26
3) 8,12,32,14,15,6,17,13,3,10
4) 101,42,120,111,122,133,71,100
5) 12.6,22.5,36,42,10.5,11.4
Activity 6.3 Textbook Page 262 #1 and #2
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Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Median
The "Median" of a data set is dependent on whether the number of elements in the data set is odd
or even. First reorder the data set from the smallest to the largest then if the number of elements is
odd, then the Median is the element in the middle of the data set. If the number of elements is
even, then the Median is the average of the two middle terms.
Examples:
Find the median of the following:
a) 11, 4, 9, 7, 10, 5, 6
Ordering the data gives 4, 5, 6, (7), 9, 10, and 11 and the middle value is 7.
b) 1, 3, 0.5, 0.6, 2, 2.5, 3.1, 2.9
Ordering the data gives 0.5, 0.6, 1,( 2, 2.5 ),2.9, 3, 3.1
Here there is a middle pair 2 and 2.5. The median is between these 2 value i.e. the mean of
.
them =2.25
( )
In general the median is at the th value.
Examples: Odd Number of Elements
Data Set = 2, 5, 9, 3, 5, 4, 7
Reordered = 2, 3, 4, (5), 5, 7, 9
Median = 5
Examples: Even Number of Elements
Data Set = 2, 5, 9, 3, 5, 4
Reordered = 2, 3, (4, 5), 5, 9
Median = (4 + 5) / 2 = 4.5
Properties of median
1. The median can be obtained even if some data are missed
Example: the median of 2, 4, 6, r, p is 6
2. It is unique
3. It is not affected by extreme values
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Assignment
Find the median of:
1)17,2,4,1,7,9,10,11,16,12,18
2) 41,32,57,22,19,66,34
3) 22.5, 41.2, 63, 18, 9.6, 100, 33.6
Activity 6.5 Textbook Page 266 #1 and #2
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Wednesday, May 20,2020
Mode
The modal value of a set of data is the most frequently occurring value.
Example 1:
Find the mode for:
2, 6, 3, 9, 5, 6, 2, 6
It can be seen that the most frequently occurring value is 6. (There are 3 of these).
Example 1:
Find the mode for:
Solution:
The most frequent value (score) is 14. Uni-modal distribution
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The mode is 4 Bi-modal distribution
The mode is 5 and 9.
Properties of mode
1. The mode can be used for qualitative data
2. It is not unique
3. It is not affected by extreme values
Assignment
Find the mode of:
1) 2,3,4,2,3,4,2,3,3,5
2) 2.1,5.4,3.3.,6,8,3.3,11.7,23,2.1,4.5,3.3,2.2
3) 10,20,30,20,30,10,30,20,30,15
4) 31,43,53,41,53,31,43,43
5) 505,667,346,222,435,346,779,435,667,944,844,667
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Thursday, May 21,2020
Range
The range is the difference between the highest and the least value.
Example: find the range of the data of:
A) 12, 9, 17,-5
B) 120c, 200c, -250c
Solution:
A) Range=12-(-5) =18
B) Range=12-(-25) = 37
Assignment
Find the range of:
1) 222,156,191.5,112.2,164,175
2) 339,445,226,712,120,263
3) 199,211,63,200,544,347,727,98,110
4) -23,-2.5,3,-3,5,7,-22.5,17,12,1
5) 236.2,342.1,133.1,213.5,443.9,673.7,236.6
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Friday, May 21,2020
Variance (v) or σ2
The variance indicates the variability of a list of values .It is an average distance from the mean on
the observations we have. The more different from each other our data are, the greater is the
variance. Variability is a fundamental basis for statistics, if there is no variability in the
phenomenon, we usually do not need statistics, if we want help from statistics we will have to
measure more than one to assess variability of the phenomenon. The variance use the distance of
our values from their mean. If the values are grouped near to the mean the variance will be little.
Usually the variance is not accompanied with the measure scale, if it would be the case it would be
the square of the unit of measure. The variance of a set of values, which we denote by σ2, is
defined as the average of the squared differences from the Mean. To calculate the variances
follow these steps:
1) Work out the Mean (the simple average of the numbers)
2) Then for each number: subtract the Mean and square the result (the squared difference).
3) Then work out the average of those squared differences.
Example 1:
Find the variance of 6, 7, 10, 11, 11, 13, 16, 18, and 25.
Solution:
X= =13
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
σ2= = = 31.11
Example 2: (Left for students):
a) Find the variance for the following test scores.
22, 99, 102, 33, 57, 75, 100, 81, 62, 29
b) The junior high basketball team played ten games. Find the variance for the number of
baskets scored by the team for the ten games: 8, 4, 6, 6, 7, 7, 9, 4, 8, and 5
Exercises
Find the variance of the following correct to 2 decimal places:
1. a) 10, 16, 12, 15, 9, 16, 10, 17, 12, 15
b) 74, 72, 83, 96, 64, 79, 88, 69
c) £326, £438,£375,£366,£419,£424
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