21st century literature

Teacher: Sir Alfie Francisco

11-Peridot
Owner: Nicholai J Moratin
21ST CENTURY TO PRESENT DAY

 New trends have been used and

introduction to meet the needs and tastes
of the new generation.

 21st century learners are demanded to be

ICT inclined.

 New codes or lingos are used in

literature.

SPANISH PERIOD

1566-1881

Recreational Plays-cenaculo, panunuluyan, salubong

SPANISH PERIOD 1566-1881

It paved the way for the use of paper and so written
literature in the Philippines was born. The most
prominent characteristic of our literature during the
Spanish era is the use of religion as the content in the
works of the early literature.

 ALIBATA replace by the Roman Alphabet

 Christian Doctrine became the basis of Religion
Folksongs-leron-lenron sint ta, Pamulinawen,
Atin CuPung Sing-sing, Dandansoy, Sarong
Banggi

Age of Enlightenment 1872-1898

It paved the way for the use of paper and so written

literature in the Philippines was born. The most
prominent characteristic of our literature during the
Spanish era is the use of religion as the content in the
works of the early literature.

 Noli Me Tangere of Jose Riza

 Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa-Marcelo del pilar
  Fray Botod-Graciano Lopez Jaena.
 Mi Ultimo Adios

American Regime 1898-1944

The languages used in writing were Spanish and

Tagalog and the dialects of the different regions. But
the writers in Tagalog continued in their lamentations
on the conditions of the country and their attempts to
arouse love for one’s native tongue and the writers in
English imitated the themes and methods of the
Americans.

Japanese Regime j 1942-1945

The literature of the Japanese regime in the

Philippines during the 21st century reflects a complex
interplay of historical events and cultural influences.
Writers often explore themes of resistance, survival,
and the impact of war on individuals and society.
Through various genres, including novels and poetry,
they provide nuanced perspectives on the experiences
of Filipinos under Japanese occupation, shedding
light on the complexities of identity and resilience
during a tumultuous period in Philippine history.

LITERATURE IN JAPENESE PERIOD

 Haiku, poem of free verse made up of 17

syllables
 Tanaga, like haiku, is short but had measure
contain 7 777 syllables
 Karaniwang Anyo is usual and common form of
poety

PERIOD OD ACTIVISM 1970-1972

The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They

demandeda change in the government. It was
manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the
sidewalk expressions and also in literature.

PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY

1972- 1980

The Period of the New Society started on September

21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to
give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience,
regard for native cultures, customs, and the beauties
of nature and surroundings.

Newspapers donned new forms. News on economic

progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like
were favored more than the sensationalized reporting
of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos before were
hooked in reading magazines and comics.

PERIOD OD THRID REPUBLIC

1981- 1985
After ten years of mildary rule and some changes in
the life of the Silipine, which started under the New
Society. Maitial Rule vas at last (led on January 2.
1951. The Hrilippines became a new nation, and s
former President Marcos called -the New Republic of
the Philippines II

EDSA REVOLUTION 1986-1995

So-called People Pover (Jalors my bayon) prevailed

to the spurt spoos of the existence of the real
Republic of the Hulppines several charges already
became evident It was eliced in the wo Idipan songs
newspapers speeches and even in the telazion
programs the ev ereny neospapers liat cfeged as
evevingfit merese au cosculation vere the lugares
Palaga aud The Peoples Jouvial.

LUZON LITERATURE
AND
ITS HISTORY
Literary pieces of Filipino cultures often depict the
setting of the society at various timelines as writers
from different regions would depict and how the
influences from different cultures of colonizers have
somewhat melted into Philippine culture. They give
us a foretaste of how life was in the Philippines- then
and now.

GEOGRAPHY

Luzon is the largest and most populous island in the

Philippines. It is ranked 15th largest in the world by
land area. Located in the northern region of the
Archipelago. It is the economic and political center of
the nation, being home to the country’s capital city,
Manila, as well as Quezon City, the country’s most
populous city.

ETHNIC GROUPS

Almost half of the ethnic groups of the Philippines

are found in Luzon (the 2010 NSO statistics tally
about 48.8%

Tagalog Bicolano Ilocano

Kapampangan Pangasinense

Ilokano writing is quite possibly the most dynamic

feeders to the overall Philippine writing, close to
Tagalog (Filipino) and Philippines literature in
English

LUZON LITERATURE’S MOST

POWERFUL AUTHORS IN ENGLISH
LANGUAGE

F. Sionil Jose. Jose Gacia Villa. Nick Joaquin

Merlinda Bobis. Flor Marie

LUZON LITERATURE’S MOST FAMOUS

WORKS AND THEIR AUTHORS

 Child of Sorrow 1921 Zoilo Galang

 Ngalang Pinoy- 2005 Flor Marie
 Likhang Diwa at Likhang Dila- Bienvinedo
Lumbera
 The Devil Ate My Words- Merlinda Bobis
LUZON LITERATURE IN
PRESENT TIME

The Luzon literature is a blending of the elements of

Spanish, American, and Filipino culture, sometimes
with one of them predominant but never alone.

So, when we speak of the Soul of Luzon Literature

today, we speak of the harmonious belinding of the
native and foreign elements; these make up the
present day of Luzon literature
PEDRO BUCANEG 1552 -C.1624
FATHER OF ILOCANO LITERATURE

He is the acknowledged author of the Ilocano epic

Biag ni Lam-ang

Collaborated with Lopez in the translation of the

Doctrina Christiana into lloko
He was largely responsible for Arte de la Lengue
lloca, the first grammar book of Ilocano which
printed in 1927 by UST

LEONORA FLORENTINO 1849- 1884

MOTHER OF PHILIPPINE WOMEN’S
LITERATURE

Due to the feminist nature of her writings, Florentino

was shunned by her husband and son. She lived alone
in exile and separately from her family. She died at
the age of 35

Her lyrical poetry in Spanish, and especially in

Ilocano gained attention in various recognition
internationally

Her literary contributions- particularly 22 preserved

poems- were recognized when she was included in
the Encylopedia Internationale des Ouevres des
Femmes.
Her works

 Recrunoy (Dedication)
 Naangaw a Cablaw
 Leon XIII which dedicated to Pope
Leo XIII

ISABELO DES LOS REYES 1864-1938

FATHER OF PHILIPPINE FOLKLORE

Known as the Father of the Philippine Labor

Movement and the Father of Filipino Socialism. He
was a prominent Filipino politician, writer, and labor
activist.

Founder of Aglipayan Church, an independent

Christian protestant church in the catholic tradition.
After serving in the Philippine Senate in the 1920s,
he settled into private life and religious writing de los
Reyes wrote on diverse topics in history, folklore,
language, politics, and religion.

 El llocano
 La Lectura
 La Iglesia Filipino Independente

REGION I ILOCOS REGION

This region is predominantly mountainous. The area

and location is situated on the northwestern coats of
Luzon, the region covers an area of 12,840.19 square
kilometers. Its coast extends from La Union
northwards to Ilocos Norte, while its river basins are
found in Ilocos Norte and Pangasinan.

REGION 2 CAGAYAN VALLEY

It is composed of five provinces, namely: Batanes,
Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Viscaya, and Quirino. Its
Regional Center is in Tuguegarao City. Cagayan
River, the country’s longest river runs through its
center and flows out to Luzon Strait in the north, in
the town of Aparri Cagayan. Babuyan and Batanes
island groups that lie in the Luzon Strait also belong
to the region

REGION 3 CENTAL LUZON

A combination of towering mountains, extinct and

active volcanoes, lush, verdant farmlands, and natural
sea harbors. It is one of the leading growth regions in
the Philippines, located at the heart of Asia. It is
composed of seven provinces, twelve cities and 118
municipalities. It includes all land area north of
Manila Bay from the tip of Bataan peninsula on the
west, and all the lands north of the Caraballo
mountain on the east island groups that lie in the
Luzon Strait also belong to the region
REGIÓN 4A:
CALABARZON(CAVITE,LAGUNA,
BATANGAS,RIZAL,QUEZON)

It’s located in Southern Luzon, just south and west of

Metro Manila and is the second most densely
populated region.
REGION 4B: MIMAROPA (MINDORO,
MARINDUQUE, ROMBLON, PALAWAN)

The entire island of Mindoro, which is separated

from the southern Luzon mainland, is composed of
Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro. These
two provinces are separated by a mountain ranges,
running through the entire length of the island, which
serves as a natural and political boundary

REGION 5: BICOL REGION

The Bicol Region also known as Bicolandia, is

composed of three provinces of the Bicol Peninsula
(Albay, Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur), one
southern end of Luzon Isaland (Sorsogon) and two
island

Provinces adjacent to the peninsula (Catanduanes and

Masbate). The regional center is
Legazpi City in Albay province

REGION 16:
CAR (CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE
REGION)

The Cordillera Administrative Region was

established on July 15, 1987 through Executive Rule
No. 220 issued by then President Corazon C. Aquino.
It’s comprised by the following provinces: Abra,
Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mt. Province and
the characterized city of Baguio, officially known as
the Summer Capital of the Philippines.
REGION 17: NATIONAL CAPITAL
REGION (NCR))

Metro Manila is bordered by the provinces of

Bulacan to the North, Rizal to the East and Cavite
and Laguna to the south. It is the smallest of the
country of the administrative region, but the most
populous and the most densely populated. It is also
the only region without any provinces

LITERARY WOKS IN ILOCOS REGION

There are a large number of religious documents,

poems, riddles, proverbs, epic stories, folk songs, and
other literary works that belong to this region.
Fiction Stories:
Manuel Arguilla (La Union)
 How my Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife
 Morning in the Nagrebcan
Novels
Norberto Bumanglag
 Ti Agdamdamili

LITERARY WOKS IN CAGAYAN

VALLEY

Ibanag folk poetry – purely sung which explains how

it was handed down to the present -Narrative,
Romantic and Ridiculing
Poet:
 The Rural Maid – Fernando Maramag
 EMILIA – Leona Florentino
 Bigong Pag-asa -Isagani Cruz
 The presention – Fernando Maramag
LITERARY WOKS IN CENTRAL LUZON

Their works is had may different of Themes. Nature

or happening in the society Authors with works:
• Rommel N. Angara (Aurora)
 Pa’no ang PASKO
 Ako’y tunay na pangahas
 Levi Celerio (Bulacan)
 -Basta’t Mahal Kita
 Impeng Negro-Novel
 Tata Selo-short story
 Moses, Moses- Drama/Play

LITERARY WOKS IN CALABARZON

Tit’s where the Philippines’ independence from Spain

was first declared in 1898. It’s the birthplace of
national heroes such as Jose Rizal (from Calamba,
Laguna), Emilio Aguinaldo (from kawit, Cavite),
Apolinario Mabini (from Tanauan, Batangas) and
Miguel Malvar (from Sto. Tomas, Batangas

MARS RAVELO (OCTOBER9, 1916-

SEPTEMBER 12,1988, TANZA, CAVITE) WAS A
FILIPINO GRAPHIC NOVELIST WHO CREATED
THE CHARACTERS DARNA, DYESEBEL,
CAPTAIN BARBELL, LASTIKMAN, BONDYING,
VARGA, WANTED: PERFECT MOTHER,
HIWAGA, MARUJA, MARIPOSA, RITA, BUHAY
PILIPINO, JACK AND JILL, FLASH BOMBA,
TINY TONY AND DRAGONNA AMONG
OTHERS

LITERARY WOKS IN MIMAROPA

On May 23, 2005, Palawan and Puerto Prinsesa City

were named to Western Visayas by Executive Order
No. 429. However, on August 19, 2005 President
Issued

Administrative order No. 129 to hold the earliera

abeyana
Pending a review. As of 2010. Palawan and the
highly urbanized city of Puerto Prinsesa still remain a
part of region
-MALAS LEVISTE JACOB POEMS

 GLOWING EMBER
 THE SKY READER
 A FARMS BOY
 MAKE ME A MEAT

PROVINCES

➤ AKLAN
➤ ANTIQUE
➤ CAPIZ
➤ GUIMARAS
➤ ILOILO
➤ NEGROS OCCIDENTAL
It is considered to be the oldest province in the
country.

→ The province of Aklan is designated as a first class

province

The province is known for its festivities which

includes the Ati-Atihan Festival in Kalibo. ❖ The
province boasts high geographic diversity, ranging
from white sandy beaches, mangroves and
mountainous landscapes.
❖ Several endemic species in the Philippines are
located in the province.
 Philippine Spotted Deer
 Visayan warty pig
 Tarictic Hornbill
Aklan is famous for Boracay, a resort island located
one kilometre north from the tip of Panay. It is known
for its white sandy beaches and is considered as one
of the more prominent destinations in the Philippines.

ANTIQUE
Capital:

Natural attractions include Jawili Falls, a seven basin,

tiered waterfall and Ignito Cave, locally known as the
Elephant Cave. The Kalantiaw Shrine in Batan,
which was once the seat of government of Rajah
Bendahara Kalantiaw.

Aklan depends greatly on agriculture. Palay is still

the number one crop grown in the province.

Natural attractions include the Igpasungaw Falls in

Sabaste, the Sira-an Hot Spring and Nogas Island in
Anini-y.

Mt. Madia-as in Culasi is filled with exotic plants and

animals like rare orchids, wild deer, boar and cloud
rats.
■ Recreational activities include shell hunting,
snorkeling, scuba diving and white water kayaking.
Fiestas in Antique include the Biniyaran Festival held
every late April to commemorate the first landing and
settlement of 10 Malay Datus in the 13th Century.
It is known as the birthplace of the first President of
the Republic of the Philippines, Manuel Roxas.

Dubbed as the “Seafood Capital of the Philippines”,.

CAPIZ
Capital: Roxas City

It is known for the brilliant Capiz shell produced

here.Capiz is the center of myth of the Aswang.
Churches include the Pan-ay Church, which has The
largest bell in Southeast Asia, measuring 7 feet in
diameter and weighing at 10.4 tons. Natural
attractions include Pilar, Sulhot, Igang and Suhoton
Caves.
■ Roxas City celebrates the ‘Sinadya sa Halaran’ or
Harvest Festival.
Iloilo Province contains plenty of historical and
cultural sites, including the Plaza Libertad, Fort San
Pedro (built in the early 1600’s), San Joaquin Church,
the fortress church at Miag-ao and the Museo Iloilo,
which has a rich collection of antiques and cultural
heritage.
 The capital city of Iloilo celebrates the Dinagyan
Festival every 4th weekend of January.
 La Paz is known for the local dish ‘batchoy’, a
flavorful noodle and pork soup.
 Santa Barbara has the oldest golf course in the
country, built in 1907.
 Natural attractions include the Nadsadjan Falls,
Sicogon Island and Isla de Gigantes, a site with
15th Century burial caves.