Crafting a literature review can be an arduous task for many individuals, especially those who are

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particular topic. It requires a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, critical analysis
skills, and the ability to effectively organize and present information in a coherent manner.

The difficulty lies in navigating through vast amounts of literature, identifying key themes, concepts,
and debates, and synthesizing them into a cohesive narrative that adds value to the existing body of
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For more information, please see our handout on plagiarism. Our sample literature review documents
contain examples, guidelines, and sample brief information about literature review writing and
research paper. The Authors16 concluded that laser acupuncture is a safe, non-invasive, and efficient
therapy option for individuals who have undergone conservative treatment since it reduces the
chronic pain related to TMD and has no negative side effects. PDF version of this title (4.5M)
Disable Glossary Links In this Page Introduction Overview of the Literature Review Process and
Steps Types of Review Articles and Brief Illustrations Concluding Remarks Related information
PMC PubMed Central citations PubMed Links to PubMed Recent Activity Chapter 9?Methods for
Literature Reviews - Handbook of eHealth Evaluation: An Ev. Receive feedback on language,
structure, and formatting Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:
Academic style Vague sentences Style consistency See an example To begin organizing your
literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships
between the sources you’ve read. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your
literature review. Integrative Review: This review method is more inclusive than others, allowing for
the simultaneous inclusion of experimental and non-experimental research. The stage was set for a
more balanced style of evaluation. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments
occurred. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 31(3), 387-408. Clinical trial with bromelain in
third molar exodontia. Studies conducted in non-Western, low-income or middle-income countries
will not be included in this review. Features of the included studies are reported in Table 1. In a
research paper, you use the literature as a foundation and as support for a new insight that you
contribute. Draft an Article Summary Paragraph (3-4 of these will become your Short Literature
Review). Four inclusion and three exclusion criteria were utilized during the screening process. To
obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off
compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). EDs have high comorbidity with other psychiatric
conditions and are associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts. 4 5 The medical complications
that often accompany EDs involve almost all organ systems and can be life-threatening, 6 leading to
significantly increased mortality rates. 7 Given the negative consequences of EDs, it is imperative
that we understand their prevalence and treatment within and across ethnic groups. An annotated
bibliography is a list of source references that has a short description (called an annotation ) for each
of the sources. A third reviewer will resolve disagreements if necessary. Your task is to be explicit in
presenting your rationale and your personal position. When printing this page, you must include the
entire legal notice. The landscape then shows the reader that the writer has assimilated most of the
previous essential works on the subject into the present study. You can use a subheading for each
theme, time period, or methodological approach. Keep in mind that UNC Libraries have research
guides and to databases relevant to many fields of study. What is the earliest literature published
relating to this topic. For instance, first you would talk about the British biological studies of the 18th
century, then about Moby Dick, published in 1851, then the book on sperm whales in other art
(1968), and finally the biology articles (1980s) and the recent articles on American whaling of the
19th century. Selecting studies, extracting data, and assessing risk of bias in a duplicate manner using
two independent reviewers to avoid random or systematic errors in the process. Recapitulate
important features of a research study, but then synthesize it by rephrasing the study's significance
and relating it to your own work and the work of others. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(14):7977. Article
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Tortora C, Di Paola A, Argenziano M, Creoli M,
Marrapodi MM, Cenni S, et al.
Target Audience A literature review can be a thesis or a research paper essay. However, acupuncture
studies that address the long-term efficacy or effectiveness of acupuncture are required, and they
must have sufficient sample numbers. In the sciences, for instance, treatments for medical problems
are constantly changing according to the latest studies. Thus, while ambient sexism accounted for
some of the masculine bias, sexist language amplified the effect. (Source: Erika Falk and Jordan
Mills, “Why Sexist Language Affects Persuasion: The Role of Homophily, Intended Audience, and
Offense,” Women and Language19:2). The main procedures of a systematic review involve:
Formulating a review question and developing a search strategy based on explicit inclusion criteria
for the identification of eligible studies (usually described in the context of a detailed review
protocol). They concluded that living in a state with a no-fault divorce law has a negative impact on
women ’ s labor supply. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is required for this study. Take
notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. Check a list of sample
literature review documents below and learn writing custom literature reviews. Second are the
reviews of those studies that summarize and offer new interpretations built from and often extending
beyond the primary studies. Read and analyze this sample document for writing a literature review.
The Literature Review: A Few Tips On Conducting It. Follow the formatting and citation guidelines
for your discipline. The search was performed using several terms and free text words, combining
them in an appropriate manner. This Example will help you be objective and take a transparent
approach. Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question.
It’s important to keep track of your sources with references to avoid plagiarism. Communications of
the Association for Information Systems. 2005; 16:1. Kirkevold M. Integrative nursing research —
an important strategy to further the development of nursing science and nursing practice.
Methodological A methodological approach focuses on the methods utilized by the researcher. How
to write a superb literature review The best proposals are timely and clearly explain why readers
should pay attention to the proposed topic. In this way, critical reviews attempt to constructively
inform other scholars about the weaknesses of prior research and strengthen knowledge development
by giving focus and direction to studies for further improvement ( Kirkevold, 1997 ). Overall, the
outcomes of the quality assessment of included RCT studies are reported in Fig. 4. By applying the
RoB 2, all the 11 RCTs studies revealed high, low, and unclear risk of bias in some key domains. An
rQES typically focuses on direct evidence, except when only indirect evidence is available 28 ( table
2, item R4). Given this, while literature reviews are designed to provide an overview and synthesis
of pertinent sources you have explored, there are a number of approaches you could adopt depending
upon the type of analysis underpinning your study. What you need to do is to create an outline that
will guide through writing the review. This web only file has been produced by the BMJ Publishing
Group from an electronic file supplied by the author(s) and has not been edited for content. But how
is a literature review different from an academic research paper. For the sperm whale project, one
methodological approach would be to look at cultural differences between the portrayal of whales in
American, British, and French art work. Acupuncture and sham acupuncture reduce muscle pain in
myofascial pain patients. Systematic Review Examples This type of literature review is more
structured and rigorous than a narrative review.
Rapid reviews summarise information from multiple research studies to produce evidence for 'the
public, researchers, policymakers and funders in a systematic, resource-efficient manner'.16
Involvement of knowledge users is critical.3 Given time constraints, individual knowledge users
could be asked only to feedback on very specific. After the introduction, it grounds your research in
a scholarly field and leads directly to your theoretical framework or methodology. Depending on the
length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your
overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically). Cochrane
Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016;2016:8. Mata J, Sanchis P, Valenti P, Hernandez B, Aguilar
JL. Understanding the use of balanced scorecard in the context of state owned ent. Developing and
refining your literature review (pdf) Developing and refining your literature review (Word)
Developing and refining your literature review (Word rtf) Writing a literature review has a lot in
common with other assignment tasks. Ballantine, J. and Brignall, S., (1994). A Taxonomy of
Performance Measurement. Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s).
Sort through other current bibliographies or literature reviews in the field to get a sense of what your
discipline expects. Writing the introduction In the introduction, you should: Define or identify the
general topic, issue, or area of concern, thus providing an appropriate context for reviewing the
literature. If our above questions meet your queries, then you have landed to the right destination. It
analyzes methodologies, theoretical frameworks, and findings, critically evaluating sources to give a
clear picture of the state of knowledge on a subject. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated by
means of the Higgins Index ( I2 ) and the chi- square test and classified as follows: low
heterogeneity ( ?60%). While the study focuses on one topic, the Internet’s impact on American
presidential politics, it would still be organized chronologically reflecting technological
developments in media. There are five key steps to writing a literature review: Writing a Literature
Review A literature review is a document or section of a document that collects key sources on a
topic and discusses those sources in conversation with each other (also called synthesis ). Analyze
and Synthesize: Review each source and summarize the main arguments in one paragraph (or more,
for postgrad). The team could limit data extraction to minimal essential items. They may also
consider re-using descriptive details and findings previously extracted within previous well-
conducted QES ( table 2, item R14). Di Francesco, F., Minervini, G., Siurkel, Y. et al. Efficacy of
acupuncture and laser acupuncture in temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review and meta-
analysis of randomized controlled trials. Bioengineering. 2023;10(7):875. Spagnuolo G, Annunziata
M, Rengo S. For instance, Levy and Ellis (2006) proposed a generic framework for conducting such
reviews. Studies in which no clinical data and complex interventions were excluded. Critically
evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources. You might argue for the relevance
of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for
your research. A literature review of your study helps in explaining your study efficiently. Johnson
and Skinner (1986) included residence in a state with no-fault divorce legislation in their predicted
labor supply equations. It involves a detailed and comprehensive plan and search strategy derived
from a set of specified research questions. It helps in topic refining, refocusing, and changing the
ongoing discussions. Several search terms relating to phr s were used during this process. You should
also offer a theoretical foundation, as this helps you determine the nature of your planned study. This
may include empirical studies or conceptual papers that initiated a line of investigation, changed how
problems or questions were framed, introduced new methods or concepts, or engendered important
debate ( Cooper, 1988 ).
Making it the most accurate and reliable proofreading tool for students. Any changes made as part of
the iterative nature of the scoping review will be documented here. Authors from our team are
degree holders and also have considerable writing experience. The theoretical literature review helps
to establish what theories already exist, the relationships between them, to what degree the existing
theories have been investigated, and to develop new hypotheses to be tested. For instance, the sperm
whale review could focus on the development of the harpoon for whale hunting. Depending on the
length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your
overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically). How To Structure
A Literature Review (Free Template) Demonstrate your knowledge of the research topic. But there is
relatively no continuity among subjects here. To this end, they conducted a comprehensive search on
multiple databases using highly sensitive search strategies without language or publication-type
restrictions to identify all rct s that are eligible for inclusion. Reporting of the results will follow
PRISMA ScR guidelines. 32 Ethics and dissemination As scoping reviews involve the
methodological examination and integration of existing literature and resources, ethical approval is
not required. How will you further your research as a result of the review. When you’ve finished
writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting.
Writing the introduction In the introduction, you should: Define or identify the general topic, issue,
or area of concern, thus providing an appropriate context for reviewing the literature. The purpose is
to place research in a historical context to show familiarity with state-of-the-art developments and to
identify the likely directions for future research. Published examples typically use a single reviewer
for data extraction 8 with use of two independent reviewers being the exception. The findings show
that acupuncture is short-term helpful for reducing the severity of TMD pain with muscle origin. A
literature or narrative review is a comprehensive review and analysis of the published literature on a
specific topic or research question. The authors found that the literature lacks clarity about how
naturalness is defined and measured, but also found that food consumption is significantly
influenced by perceived naturalness of goods. Also, you get a guide on literature review strategies
through sample examples. The purpose of this descriptive or mapping review was to characterize
publication trends in the medical informatics literature over a 20-year period (1987 to 2006). This is
because you’ve just finished reading Moby Dick, and you wonder if that whale’s portrayal is really
real. For each study, we will report the research design and methodology used to answer research
questions. Point out overall trends in what has been published about the topic; or conflicts in theory,
methodology, evidence, and conclusions; or gaps in research and scholarship; or a single problem or
new perspective of immediate interest. One last thing is missing: a link to a great literature chapter of
an journal article (maybe with comments of the different sections in this review chapter). The
landscape then shows the reader that the writer has assimilated most of the previous essential works
on the subject into the present study. To ensure the quality of the scoping review, the development
and reporting of this protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. 32 The protocol for this
scoping review is also registered on OSF ( ). Now what is the most effective way of presenting the
information. Literature reviews provide the reader with a bibliographic history of the scholarly
research in any given field of study. Objectivity -- is the author's perspective even-handed or
prejudicial. In order to minimize the risk of omitting eligible studies not captured by the original
search, they supplemented all electronic searches with manual screening of trial registers and
references contained in the included studies.