Book 10

Circular LED modules for spot lighting

Edition 1.2 / April 2021

10
Confidential
Zhaga Interface Specification Book 10

Summary (informative)

Background
The Zhaga Consortium is a global lighting-industry organization that aims to standardize components of
LED luminaires, including LED light engines, LED modules, LED arrays, holders, electronic control gear
(LED drivers) and connectivity fit systems.
Zhaga has created a set of interface specifications, known as Books. Each Book defines one or more
components of an LED luminaire by means of the mechanical, photometric, electrical, thermal, and control
interfaces of the component to its environment. This makes such products interchangeable in the sense
that it is easy to replace one product with another, even if they have been made by different manufacturers.

Contents
The LED Modules defined in this Book have an essentially circular outer shape with a small, also preferably
circular Light Emitting Surface, so that they are well suited to be used with collimating Luminaire Optics in
spot lighting applications. The LED Modules are disc shaped, and are grouped into several size categories,
to allow for different LES sizes and luminous flux. The LED Modules are intended to be used with a separate
Electronic Control Gear, which is specified in Zhaga Book 13.

This Book should be read together with Zhaga Book 1.

Intended Use
The LED module defined in this specification is intended to be screwed to a heat sink and to be connected
to a separate electronic control gear. The light output is essentially Lambertian to enable the luminaire
optics to shape the application’s desired light distribution from a defined input.
The LED modules defined in this Book 10 are intended to be installed and replaced by luminaire
manufacturers only.
COPYRIGHT

The Zhaga Interface Specification is published by the Zhaga Consortium, and has been prepared by the
members of the Zhaga Consortium. All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited
without express and prior written permission of the Zhaga Consortium.

DISCLAIMER

The information contained herein is believed to be accurate as of the date of publication. However, neither
the Zhaga Consortium, nor any member of the Zhaga Consortium will be liable for any damages, including
indirect or consequential, from use of the Zhaga Interface Specification or reliance on the accuracy of this
document.

CLASSIFICATION

The information contained in this document is marked as confidential.

NOTICE

For any further explanation of the contents of this document, or in case of any perceived inconsistency or
ambiguity of interpretation, visit www.zhagastandard.org or contact [email protected].
 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

Table of Contents
1 General .................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6
1.3 Conformance and references ................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.3.1 Conformance ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.3.2 References ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Definitions ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.5 Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
1.6 Conventions ................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.6.1 Precedence .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.6.2 Cross references ............................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.6.3 Informative text ................................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.6.4 Terms in capitals .............................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.6.5 Units of physical quantities ......................................................................................................................................... 8
1.6.6 Decimal separator............................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.6.7 Limits ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

2 Overview (Informative)..................................................................................... 9
2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.2 Description of the LED Module and LED Array Holder ............................................................................................ 9
2.3 Outline of this Book ................................................................................................................................................................ 10

Part 1: Interface Definition

3 Mechanical interface ....................................................................................... 12
3.1 Drawing principles.................................................................................................................................................................. 12
3.2 Mechanical references ........................................................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Definition of the mechanical interface of the LED Module (and Holder) ..................................................... 13
3.3.1 LED Module demarcation.......................................................................................................................................... 13
3.3.2 Optics Contact Area ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.3.3 Requirements on screw holes ................................................................................................................................. 19
3.3.4 LED Module Connection............................................................................................................................................. 19
3.3.5 Luminaire keep-outs for interconnect ................................................................................................................ 19
3.3.6 Inner Feature................................................................................................................................................................... 20
3.4 Additional LED Array Holder properties (informative) ....................................................................................... 20
3.5 Luminaire mechanical properties.................................................................................................................................... 20

4 Photometric interface ..................................................................................... 21

4.1 General .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Light Emitting Surface ........................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.1 Additional hints for LES features to improve interchangeability with Luminaire Optics
(Informative) ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Operating conditions.............................................................................................................................................................. 22

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 i

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

4.4 Luminous intensity distribution....................................................................................................................................... 22

4.5 Luminance uniformity ........................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.6 Luminaire Optics (Informative)........................................................................................................................................ 23

5 Electrical interface ........................................................................................... 24

5.1 Electrical interface to the ECG ........................................................................................................................................... 24
5.2 Electrical insulation ................................................................................................................................................................ 24

6 Thermal interface ............................................................................................. 25

6.1 Background information (informative) ........................................................................................................................ 25
6.2 Generic thermal interface model...................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2.1 General case ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2.2 Rated Operating Temperature and safety (informative) ........................................................................... 25
6.2.3 Thermal overload protection .................................................................................................................................. 25
6.2.4 Thermal compatibility check ................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2.5 Thermal Interface Material ...................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2.6 Surface planarity and roughness ........................................................................................................................... 25
6.2.7 Aging of LED Module (informative) ..................................................................................................................... 25
6.3 Luminaire Thermal requirements ................................................................................................................................... 26
6.4 Compatibility check ................................................................................................................................................................ 26
6.5 Ambient temperature and thermal resistance (Informative). ........................................................................... 26

Part 2: Compliance Tests

7 Compliance test tools ...................................................................................... 28
7.1 LED Module test tools ............................................................................................................................................................ 28
7.1.1 Test Fixture PETF (photometric and electrical) ............................................................................................ 28
7.2 Luminaire test tools................................................................................................................................................................ 28

8 LED Module Compliance and LED Array Holder Tests ........................ 29

8.1 LED Module and LED Array Holder mechanical interface tests ........................................................................ 29
8.1.1 Test of the mechanical interface of the LED Module or LED Array Holder....................................... 29
8.1.2 Test OCA of the LED Module or LED Array Holder for the D35 Category ......................................... 29
8.1.3 Test OCA of the LED Module or LED Array Holder for the D50 Category ......................................... 30
The OCA requirements as shown in section 3.3.3.2 are already covered by the mechanical verification
from section 8.1.1. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 30
8.2 LED Module thermal interface tests ............................................................................................................................... 30
8.2.1 Test on thermal power (𝑷𝑷th) .................................................................................................................................. 30
8.2.2 Temperature stabilization ........................................................................................................................................ 30
8.2.3 Position of measurement point for the Reference Temperature ........................................................... 30
8.3 LED Module electrical interface tests............................................................................................................................. 31
8.4 LED Module and LED Array Holder Product Data Set test .................................................................................. 31

9 Luminaire compliance tests.......................................................................... 32

9.1 Luminaire mechanical interface tests ............................................................................................................................ 32
9.1.1 Test on the mechanical interface of the Luminaire for mounting the LED Module(s) ................ 32

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 ii

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

9.2 Luminaire Product Data Set test....................................................................................................................................... 32

Annexes
Annex A Product Data Set requirements ..................................................... 34
A.1 LED Module Product Data Set ............................................................................................................................................ 34
A.2 LED Array Holder Product Data Set ................................................................................................................................ 34
A.3 Luminaire Product Data Set................................................................................................................................................ 34

Annex B Guidelines for LES and Luminance measurements

(informative) ............................................................................................................ 35
B.1 Test equipment ......................................................................................................................................................................... 35
B.2 Test conditions.......................................................................................................................................................................... 35
B.3 Test procedure .......................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Annex C Remarks (Informative) ..................................................................... 37

C.1 Photometric interchangeability ........................................................................................................................................ 37
C.2 Color effects ................................................................................................................................................................................ 37

Annex D Luminaire thermal test tools (Informative).............................. 38

D.1 Thermal Test Engine TTE – Spot (informative) ........................................................................................................ 38

Annex E History of changes .............................................................................. 40

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 iii

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

List of Figures
Figure 2-1: Example 3D-drawing of a Book 10 D35 LED Module (informative). .......................................................... 9
Figure 3-1: Positions of the reference point and reference plane of the LED Module or LED Array Holder.12
Figure 3-2: Positions of the reference point, plane and axis in a sketch of the LED Module (example for D50
category). Similar for Holders, except that they do not have an LES. .............................................................................. 13
Figure 3-3: Drawing of the demarcation of the D35 LED Module...................................................................................... 14
Figure 3-4: Drawing of the demarcation of the D50 LED Module ..................................................................................... 16
Figure 3-5: Optics Contact Area of the 35mm LED Module. ................................................................................................. 18
Figure 3-6: Height of the Optics Contact Area of the D35 LED Module.......................................................................... 18
Figure 3-7: Dimensions of OCAs for a D50 category. ............................................................................................................... 19
Figure 3-8: Maximum Inner Feature outlines (dense hatched area) ............................................................................... 20
Figure 4-1: Luminance property evaluation areas .................................................................................................................... 23
Figure B-1: Set-up for measurement of luminance uniformity and LES diameter. ................................................... 35
Figure D-2: Thermal Test Engine TTE-Spot schematic ........................................................................................................... 38
Figure D-3: Thermal Test Engine TTE-Spot – technical drawing of the aluminum part ........................................ 39

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 iv

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

List of Tables
Table 3-1: Mechanical dimensions of D35 LED Module Demarcation............................................................................. 15
Table 3-2: Mechanical dimensions of D50 LED Module Demarcation............................................................................. 17
Table 3-3: Maximum inner OCA diameter. .................................................................................................................................... 18
Table 3-4 : Allowed minimum and maximum OCA heights within demarcation ....................................................... 19
Table 3-5: Maximum height of inner feature (b)........................................................................................................................ 20
Table 4-1: Association of LES Category to LED Module Category...................................................................................... 21
Table 4-2: Categorization of LES height ......................................................................................................................................... 22
Table 4-3: Requirements for a Lambertian light intensity distribution ......................................................................... 22
Table E-1: Changes from Edition 1.1 to Edition 1.2 .................................................................................................................. 40

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 v

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 General

1 General
1.1 Introduction
The Zhaga Consortium is a global organization that aims to standardize components of LED Luminaires. A
LED Luminaire is a lighting fixture for general lighting that contains a light source based on solid-state
technology. Such light sources, including LED Modules and LED Light Engines, typically consist of one or
more LEDs combined with an Electronic Control Gear (LED driver). Other components of LED Luminaires
include LED Arrays, Holders, and connectivity fit systems.
Zhaga has created a set of interface specifications, known as Books, which define the interfaces between a
component and its environment. Book 1 is a special Book in the sense that it provides common information,
which is relevant to all other Books in the series. In addition, Book 1 defines requirements and compliance
tests, which are applicable across multiple Zhaga books. Such Books refer to those requirements and
compliance tests as applicable.

1.2 Scope
This Book 10 defines interfaces between LED Modules, associate components (Holders) and luminaires. Not
all interface descriptions are applicable to LED Modules or Holders, but where applicable they are identical.

The scope of the interface descriptions is focused on a range of LED Modules with a circular shape and high
luminance LES. A LED Module is intended to be fixed to a luminaire heat sink by means of screws. Its light
output distribution is primarily Lambertian, to enable Luminaire Optics to shape an application-specific
light distribution independently of that of the LED Module.

Zhaga Book 12 defines an LED (Chip on Board) Array component, which shares certain interface
descriptions with this Book 10 (mainly photometric). It is possible to combine a Book 12 compliant LED
Array with a Holder that ensures mechanical and electrical fit of the assembly. The Holder provides its own
set of mechanical/electrical/thermal interfaces to a luminaire. If these interfaces are compliant with the
interface descriptions in this Book 10, the Holder+LED Array assembly can be used in the same way as an
LED Module compliant with this Book. Thus, this Book can also be used to check compliance of Holders with
respect to the Holder-Luminaire interface.

This Book 10 defines several size categories of the LED Module

• 35mm and 50mm maximum outer diameter
The size categories can have different LES diameters and different LES categories:
• LES6.3, LES9, LES13.5, LES19, LES23
The LED Modules are intended to be installed and replaced by professionals only.

1.3 Conformance and references

1.3.1 Conformance
All provisions in the Zhaga interface Specifications are mandatory, unless specifically indicated as
recommended, optional or informative. Verbal expressions of provisions in the Zhaga interface
specifications follow the rules provided in Annex H of ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. For clarity, the word “shall”
indicates a requirement that is to be followed strictly in order to conform to the Zhaga interface
specifications, and from which no deviation is permitted. The word “should” indicates that among several
possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a
certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required, or that (in the negative form) a certain
possibility or course of action is discouraged but not prohibited. The word “may” indicates a course of action
permissible within the limits of the Zhaga interface specifications. The word “can” indicates a possibility or
capability, whether material, physical or causal.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 6

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 General

1.3.2 References
For references that are not listed in this section, see [Book 1]. For undated references, the most recently
published edition applies.
[Book 1] Zhaga Interface Specification, Book 1: Overview and Common Information.
[Book 12] Zhaga Interface Specification, Book 12 : Rectangular LED arrays with circular
LES and corresponding Holders
[Book 22] Zhaga Interface Specification, Book 22: LEDset Power Interface Specification.
[Book 23] Zhaga Interface Specification, Book 23: LEDset1 Information Interface
Specification.
[CIE 52] Calculations for interior lighting – Applied Method, CIE 52

1.4 Definitions
This section defines terms that have a specific meaning in the context of this Book 10. Terms that have a
specific meaning across all Zhaga Books are defined in [Book 1].
Book-10 LED Module LED Module according to the specifications in this book.
LED Module Demarcation The mechanical boundary between an LED Module and its environment.
Spot Application Application of a Luminaire in which light is to be focused to a beam with FWHM
of typically <40°.
LED Array A light source that is supplied as a single unit and intended to be used in
combination with a Holder to build a LED Module. In addition to one or more
LEDs, their mechanical support and their electrical connection, it may contain
components to improve its photometric, thermal, mechanical and electrical
properties, but it does not include the Electronic Control Gear.

1.5 Acronyms
This section defines acronyms that have a specific meaning in the context of this Book 10. Acronyms that
have a specific meaning across all Zhaga Books are defined in [Book 1].
TTE-Spot Thermal Test Engine for Spot LED Modules

Symbols
This section defines symbols that have a specific meaning in the context of this Book 10. Symbols that have
a specific meaning across all Zhaga Books defined in [Book 1].
<HOCA> Average height of the OCA (unit: mm)
Li Average Luminance in Area i (unit: cd/m²)
S Luminance rotational symmetry parameter
U Luminance uniformity parameter
N Number of Luminaire camera pixels within LES

1.6 Conventions
This section defines the notations and conventions used in the Zhaga Interface Specifications.

1.6.1 Precedence
In the case of any perceived discrepancy between the defined requirements provided in Part 1 of this
document (i.e. Interface Definition) and the test specifications provided in Part 2 of this document (i.e.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 7

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 General

Compliance Testing), the test specifications provided in Part 2 take precedence over the requirements
provided in Part 1.

1.6.2 Cross references

Unless indicated otherwise, cross references to sections include the sub sections contained therein.

1.6.3 Informative text

Informative text is set in italics, unless the whole section is marked as informative.

1.6.4 Terms in capitals

Terms that have a specific meaning in the context of this Book 10 are capitalized. See section 1.4.

1.6.5 Units of physical quantities

Physical quantities are expressed in units of the International System of Units. All lengths that omit an
explicit unit indication are in millimeters.

1.6.6 Decimal separator

The decimal separator is a comma.

1.6.7 Limits
Values that are indicated as typical, as well as values between parentheses, are informative.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 8

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Overview (Informative)

2 Overview (Informative)
2.1 General
General information with respect to the Zhaga Interface Specifications and certification of products that
comply with this Book 10 can be found in [Book 1], section 2.
If components are treated differently in a section, this will be marked at the beginning. Possible components
are:
• LED Module
• LED Array Holder which forms an LED Module, using suitable Zhaga compliant LED Arrays

2.2 Description of the LED Module and LED Array Holder

This Book 10 defines an LED Module typically applied in spot lighting applications. The LED Module or
Holder is to be mounted onto or into a Luminaire by an OEM Luminaire manufacturer typically by means of
M3 screws.
The LED Modules defined in this Book 10 have preferably a circular Light Emitting Surfaces. In case of a LED
Array Holder, the Zhaga compliant LED Array will have this Light Emitting Surface.
The outline of the LED Modules and Holders described is essentially round. Two maximum outer diameters
are possible, corresponding to two LED Module categories:
• D35 (35mm maximum outer diameter)
• D50 (50mm maximum outer diameter)
Adjacent to the Light Emitting Surface is a mechanical surface, called the Optics Contact Area (OCA) which
serves as reference for Luminaire Optics.

Figure 2-1: Example 3D-drawing of a Book 10 D35 LED Module (informative).

The Luminaire typically includes the means to guide heat away from the LED Module in order to keep the
temperature of the LED Module at a level necessary to reach the performance and lifetime specified by the
LED Module manufacturer. To ensure this capability, testing procedures as well as certification and marking
specifications are defined in this document.

The light output of the LED Module itself does not have a ‘spotlight’ distribution but a general distribution
(defined in section 4) which can be tailored into a specific distribution by means of Luminaire Optics. The
photometric interface of the LED Module is specified here in such a way that using suitable Luminaire Optics,
similar Luminaire performance in spot applications is to be expected using different LED Modules with the
same LES category. The specification has been carefully evaluated to yield as similar performance as
possible without restricting the inner structure of the LED Module or the LED technology used inside. This
has been done to leave as much room as possible for technical innovation in this field.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 9

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Overview (Informative)

2.3 Outline of this Book

This Book 10 consists of two parts:

Part 1, Interface Definition, defines the LED Module-Luminaire interface and LED Array Holder-Luminaire
interface in terms of the four sub interfaces:
• The mechanical interface (section 3).
• The photometric interface (section 4).
• The electrical interface (section 5).
• The thermal interface (section 6).
Part 2, Compliance Tests, defines:
• Specific tools, which are used for testing compliance of a LED Module or a Luminaire (section 7).
• The LED Module tests (section 8).
• The Luminaire tests (section 9).

The Annexes to this Book 10 provide the following additional information:

• Requirements on the information that shall be part of the Product Data Set (Annex A).
• Guidelines for LES and Luminance measurement (Annex B)
• Remarks on photometric interchangeability and color effects (Annex C)
• Luminaire test tools (Annex E)

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 10

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

Part 1: Interface Definition

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 11

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

3 Mechanical interface
3.1 Drawing principles
For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 3.1, apply. To simplify drawings and
associated text, they are normally labelled only as “LED Module”. Where appropriate (as indicated in the
text), the items labelled with “LED Module” can also depict a LED Array Holder for the purposes of this Book.

3.2 Mechanical references

The reference plane and the reference point of a LED Module (or LED Array Holder) with respect to
(optional) TIM are defined in Figure 3-1. Dimensions are specified relative to either the reference point or
reference plane unless indicated otherwise. Moreover, dimensions are specified with TIM (if present) in
compressed state.

Figure 3-1: Positions of the reference point and reference plane of the LED Module or LED Array Holder.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 12

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

Figure 3-2: Positions of the reference point, plane and axis in a sketch of the LED Module (example for D50
category). Similar for Holders, except that they do not have an LES.

3.3 Definition of the mechanical interface of the LED Module (and Holder)
3.3.1 LED Module demarcation
The LED Module Demarcations 1 are defined in the following section. In case of a LED Array Holder, the
demarcation is verified with a recommended LED Array attached to the Holder. The assembly is treated as
an LED Module for this purpose within this section.
No part of the LED Module (excluding interconnect) shall cross the boundaries of the LED Module
Demarcation and no part of the Luminaire (excluding interconnect) shall cross the boundaries of the LED
Module Demarcation.
In case the LED Module is applied in combination with a Thermal Interface Material, this TIM is defined to
be part of the LED Module. Thus, the total height of the LED Module + TIM (while compressed according to
instruction from the LED Module maker) shall not exceed the maximum height H (D35 category) or g (D50
category).
Additionally, for the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 3.3, apply.

3.3.1.1 D35 LED Module Demarcation

D35 LED Modules shall have a Demarcation according to the drawing in Figure 3-3 and with dimensions
according to Table 3-1.

1 The principles of a demarcation definition of a mechanical interface are explained in [Book-1], section 3.4.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 13

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

Figure 3-3: Drawing of the demarcation of the D35 LED Module

Notes to Figure:

• (RP) Reference plane

• (X) Reference X-axis. This is a symmetry axis for the complete model.
• (Y) Reference Y-axis. This is a symmetry axis for the complete model.
• (Z) Reference Z-axis
• (P) Reference point
• The blue area indicates the keep-in zone for the LED Module and the keep-out zone for the
Luminaire.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 14

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

dimension Value
ØA 35
B 25
ØC 3,15
H 4,0

Table 3-1: Mechanical dimensions of D35 LED Module Demarcation

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 15

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

3.3.1.2 D50 LED Module Demarcation

D50 LED Modules including the electrical interconnect shall be within the dimension specified in Figure 3-4
and Table 3-2.

Figure 3-4: Drawing of the demarcation of the D50 LED Module

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 16

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

dimension Value Remark

a 5,2
e 6,4
f 3,4
g 7,2 Note that this is the maximum
outline height, in contrast to
D75
Øh 50,25 No minmum value specified, in
contrast to Book 3
sd 35
k 45°
m 15
p 27,5
Ød 28,4 To be evaluated at actual OCA
height (<HOCA>)
ha 4
Øc See Table 3-3: To be evaluated at actual OCA
Maximum height (<HOCA>)
inner OCA
diameter.

Table 3-2: Mechanical dimensions of D50 LED Module Demarcation

3.3.2 Optics Contact Area

The optics contact area (OCA) is used as a mechanical reference plane for Luminaire Optics. The maximum
inner diameter of the OCA is determined by the LES category of the LED Module and has been listed in Table
3-3. The minimum outer diameter of the OCA depends on the size category of the LED Module. The average
height of the OCA is denoted <HOCA>
For D35 Modules, the minimum outer diameter of the OCA is the outer diameter of the Module (i.e. nominal
35mm). All the module surface is used as the OCA. The OCA of the LED Module features mounting holes and
may also show additional recessed features. No such features (e.g. screw heads) are allowed to extend above
the OCA. . The average height of the OCA (<HOCA>) shall be in the range given in Table 3-4.
For D50 Modules, there is a fixed minimum outer diameter of the OCA, denoted by ⌀d in Table 3-2. It is
measured at the actual height of the plane surface which extends between the diameters ⌀d and ⌀c.
simplified image is shown in Figure 3-7. No mechanical features protruding from the OCA are allowed. The
average height of the OCA (<HOCA>) shall be in the range given in Table 3-4.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 17

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

Optics Contact Area

ØOCA

Figure 3-5: Optics Contact Area of the 35mm LED Module.

Position of the OCA in the Z-axis will be determined by the 3 highest points of the LED Module OCA (see
Figure 3-6).

Z-axis

Reference
Plane

Figure 3-6: Height of the Optics Contact Area of the D35 LED Module.

LES category ØOCAmax, c

LES6.3 11,67

LES9 13,67

LES13.5 19,17

LES 19 23,2

LES23 26,2

Table 3-3: Maximum inner OCA diameter.

(informative)
In order to have an effective landing spot for the Luminaire Optics, the OCA should be as flat as possible.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 18

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

Figure 3-7: Dimensions of OCAs for a D50 category.

Relevant Actual OCA height

LED Module
dimension in
category <HOCA>
demarcation
3,0mm – 4,0mm
D35 H

D50 ha 3,5mm – 4,0mm

Table 3-4 : Allowed minimum and maximum OCA heights within demarcation

3.3.3 Requirements on screw holes

3.3.3.1 D35 Module

The D35 LED Module shall have either counterbored screw holes or countersunk screw holes. In either case,
the LED Module maker shall specify in the PDS the screw type for which the LED Module has been designed
by referencing a public standard (for example a DIN standard).
The geometry of the screw holes shall be such that a screw compliant with the specification in the PDS fits
in the screw hole and the maximum height of the assembly (LED Module + screws) is less than or equal to
<HOCA>.

3.3.3.2 D50 Module

No requirements

3.3.4 LED Module Connection

3.3.4.1 D35 Module

No requirements.

3.3.4.2 D50 Module

An electrical interconnect 2 should be placed symmetrically at the LED Module X axis (see Figure 3-2). The
interconnect should not exceed the maximum outline given in Figure 3-4 and Table 3-2. If a Plug is used it
should have a width of maximum 14 mm and a length (in plugging direction) of maximum 8 mm.
Any wires exiting the module should be within the dimension m.

3.3.5 Luminaire keep-outs for interconnect

3.3.5.1 D35 Module

No requirements.

2 e.g. by means of a Receptacle / Plug system or a set of wires

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 19

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Mechanical interface

3.3.5.2 D50 Module

The Luminaire design should foresee space for a connection as specified in section 3.3.4.
Note: In addition to these connection keep-outs, the thickness of connection wires needs to be taken into
account.

3.3.6 Inner Feature

LED Modules may contain any kind of mechanical “inner feature” like light mixing elements, mechanical
holding elements, electrical insulation elements, etc., provided they do not exceed a certain height.
Within the diameter Øc defined in Figure 3-4, and Figure 3-8 the LED Module may contain any kind of
mechanical “inner feature” provided it does not exceed the height b as defined in Table 3-5 and Figure 3-8.
In particular, the inner feature may contain an extension of the OCA or even an OCA of smaller size

Figure 3-8: Maximum Inner Feature outlines (dense hatched area)

LES Category D35 D50

LES6.3 4,0mm
LES9 4,0mm 5,0mm
LES13.5 4,0mm 5,5mm
LES19 6,4mm
LES23 7,2mm

Table 3-5: Maximum height of inner feature (b)

A dome or cover above one or more LEDs shall be allowed to exceed the height b, if optical behaviour is not
changed from a similar LES without dome or cover (See section 4.2). The maximum height of the dome or
cover shall not exceed 20 mm (measured from the Reference Plane).

3.4 Additional LED Array Holder properties (informative)

A LED Array Holder which complies to this Zhaga Book is required also to comply to the requirements laid out
in Zhaga Book 12, such that it is compatible to Zhaga compliant LED Arrays as well as to Zhaga compliant
luminaires.

3.5 Luminaire mechanical properties

The Module mounting surface of the Luminaire shall have a diameter of more than the demarcation
diameter with means for screwing the LED Module (e.g. M3 threads or holes for self-cutting screws) at
points corresponding to the LED Module geometry

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 20

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Photometric interface

4 Photometric interface
4.1 General
This section contains the Photometric Interface of the LED Module. LED Array Holders are not affected by
the specifications in this section. The LED Module should emit light of a Lambertian distribution in the
direction of the module’s reference axis. Associated to the specific light emission of the LED Module is a
Light Emitting Surface characterized by its height and diameter.

4.2 Light Emitting Surface

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 4.1, apply. The LES for Book 10 LED
Modules shall be described by a circular flat plane parallel to the reference plane defined in Figure 3-1. It
has a meaningful physical boundary, or it is a virtual surface in the surrounding area of the LED Module.
The LES shall have the smallest possible diameter while complying with the following conditions:
• When seen from above, all light emitting parts (LED, diffuse cover and / or mixing chamber) are
covered by the LES.
• It encircles all pixels in the luminance image of the LED Module that have a value >10% of the
maximum (See Annex B).
The height of the LES shall be as small as possible while complying with the condition that all light emitting
parts are behind the LES, when seen in a top view. This height should be taken as a reference by the
Luminaire manufacturer in designing Luminaire Optics.
The LES categories are defined in [Book 1] - section 4.1. For each LED Module category, the allowed LES
categories are shown in Table 4-1. The actual LES of the LED Module shall be within the range defined by
its LES category.

LES Category D35 D50

LES6.3 Yes
LES9 Yes Yes
LES13.5 Yes Yes
LES19 Yes
LES23 Yes

Table 4-1: Association of LES Category to LED Module Category

4.2.1 Additional hints for LES features to improve interchangeability with Luminaire Optics (Informative)
• The center of the LES should not be off from the Z-axis of the LED Module by more than 1 mm in
any direction.
• Inside the circular shaped LES, the LEDs could be placed in a rectangular arrangement. The aspect
ratio of this rectangle should be >= 0,8 to produce almost rotational symmetric light distributions
even with reflectors for small beam angles. Within any direction mechanical parts of the LEDs may
exceed the diameter of the OCA as long as top surface of the OCA is not intersected and all light
emitting parts are within the diameter c of the OCA. The area of the light emission should be equal
to the area of a circle with the diameter of the LES.
• A dome or cover above one or more LEDs should be allowed to exceed the LES height, keeping the
mechanical limits laid down in 3.3.6. This dome / cover should have mainly hemispherical shape.
When designing an optical system for a general Zhaga-compliant module, the typical LES height should be
taken as reference. The actual LES height of an individual Zhaga Module is allowed to vary in a range shown
in Table 4-2.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 21

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Photometric interface

LED Module Category D35 D50

Typical LES height 2,0mm 4,0mm
Minimum LES height
Maximum LES height 4,0mm 7,2mm

Table 4-2: Categorization of LES height

4.3 Operating conditions

For the LED Module defined in this Book 10, the operating conditions defined in [Book 1] section 4.2 apply.
In addition, the mounting position of a Spot LED Module is not considered to have a significant influence on
the photometric properties and can thus be chosen arbitrarily.

4.4 Luminous intensity distribution

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 4.4 apply. The luminous intensity
distribution of a LED Module should be measured under the conditions specified in section 4.3 with the
exception that Reference Temperature may be stabilized at any temperature as only relative values are
considered for the luminous intensity distribution.
It is recommended that the LED Module has a light intensity distribution that is as close as possible to a
Lambertian intensity distribution. The light intensity distribution should comply with the requirements
listed in Table 4-3.
CIE cumulative
𝜸𝜸𝟏𝟏 𝜸𝜸𝟐𝟐 flux zones Relative Partial Luminous Flux
[CIE 52]
Min. Max.

0° 41,40° FC1 39% 56%

41,40° 60,00° FC2-FC1 31% 37%
60,00° 75,50° FC3-FC2 11% 22%
75,50° 90° FC4-FC3 0% 7%

Table 4-3: Requirements for a Lambertian light intensity distribution

4.5 Luminance uniformity

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 4.5 apply. The luminance uniformity of
a LED Module should be measured under the conditions specified in section 4.3 with the exception that the
Reference Temperature may be stabilized at any temperature as only relative values are to be considered
for the luminance uniformity.
The luminance of the LED Module should be symmetric with respect to the reference Z-axis. Using the
definition of the five segments 𝐴𝐴𝑖𝑖 (i=1…5) of the LES as shown in Figure 4-1, the following symmetry
parameters are defined as follows:
1. Luminance rotational symmetry
The luminance rotational symmetry parameter S is calculated from the average luminance 𝐿𝐿𝑖𝑖
min(𝐿𝐿 )
in forward direction in each of the four segments 𝐴𝐴𝑖𝑖 (i=1…4) as max (𝐿𝐿𝑖𝑖 ) . Note that the definition
𝑖𝑖
of segments does not have a coupling with the orientation of the module. For that reason,

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 22

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Photometric interface

min(𝐿𝐿𝑖𝑖 )
max (𝐿𝐿𝑖𝑖)
is calculated for different orientation (see B.3) and luminance rotational symmetry (S)
min(𝐿𝐿 )
is defined as S = max (max(𝐿𝐿𝑖𝑖 )). The value of S should not be lower than 0,5.
𝑖𝑖

2. Luminance center balance

L5
The Luminance center balance is defined as: 𝐵𝐵 = Average (𝐿𝐿 . The value of B should not be
1 ..𝐿𝐿4 )
higher than 4.
3. Luminance uniformity
𝐿𝐿𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
The luminance uniformity U is defined as 𝑈𝑈 = 𝐿𝐿 with
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅

Lavg : the average luminance over the actual LES area 3.

1
LRMS = √ Σ𝐿𝐿𝑗𝑗2 : the RMS luminance values over every pixel in the actual LES area.
𝑁𝑁

A3 A2

1/Ѵ5 x LES category

A5 LES category Diameter
Diameter

A4 A1

Figure 4-1: Luminance property evaluation areas

4.6 Luminaire Optics (Informative)

Luminaire Optics (e.g., reflectors) should be designed in such a way that the nominal values of LES diameter
and height with a Lambertian emission pattern result in the desired performance.
Luminaire Optics may be mounted in contact with the OCA corresponding to the LES diameter category for
which it is designed.
Note: Due to the compound nature of many LED Module solutions, it is expected that Luminaire Optic designs
for Zhaga compliant Spot LLEs take into account the structure of LED clusters, for example. by using frosted
surfaces or faceted structures to achieve the comparable light output with all kinds of module technologies
enabled by the Zhaga Specifications. The luminance uniformity factor U of the LED Module can give a hint on
the degree of effort necessary to achieve properly distributed light with Luminaire Optics.

3 For this requirement, not the LES category diameter but the actual LES diameter as given in the PDS or determined according to Annex B shall
be used.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 23

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Electrical interface

5 Electrical interface
This section addresses the electrical interface of the LED Module. This section does not affect LED Array
Holders.

5.1 Electrical interface to the ECG

The LED Module defined in this Book 10 shall comply with the provisions of [Book 23] and [Book 22].
(Informative)
A LED Module that is compliant with [Book 23] can have either a 2-wire electrical interface (2 wires configured
to be connected to a current source) or a 3-wire electrical interface (2 wires configured to be connected to a
current source and the third wire is used to control the current of that current source. Moreover, such a LED
Module may have additional wires and functionality as long as the LED Module can be used in the 2-wire or the
3 wire configuration as defined in [Book 23].

5.2 Electrical insulation

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 5.1 apply.
The Product Data Set of the LED Module should include a specification of the implemented electrical
insulation according to applicable standard(s).

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 24

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Thermal interface

6 Thermal interface
This section addresses the Thermal Interface of the LED Module. It does not affect LED Array Holders.

6.1 Background information (informative)

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.1 apply.

6.2 Generic thermal interface model

6.2.1 General case
For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.1 apply.

6.2.2 Rated Operating Temperature and safety (informative)

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.3 apply.

6.2.3 Thermal overload protection

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.4 apply.

6.2.4 Thermal compatibility check

In order to determine whether a particular LED Module is thermally compatible with a particular Luminaire,
it should be verified that the LED Module-Luminaire combination will operate at 𝑡𝑡r ≤ 𝑡𝑡r,max . The value of
𝑡𝑡r,max is listed in the LED Module Product Data Set. Using the generic thermal model as defined in [Book 1] -
section 6.2.1, the operating temperature 𝑡𝑡r can be determined by:
EQ. 6-1: 𝑡𝑡r = 𝑡𝑡a + 𝑅𝑅th ∙ 𝑃𝑃th,rear
The ambient temperature 𝑡𝑡a is determined by the application of the LED Module-Luminaire combination.
The value of 𝑅𝑅th is a characteristic of the heat sink. Both 𝑡𝑡a and 𝑅𝑅th should be chosen appropriately by a
skilled person.
The value of 𝑃𝑃th,rear is not listed in the LED Module Product Data Set. However, it can be estimated, using the
Rated value of 𝑃𝑃th in the LED Module Product Data Set.
(Informative)
Depending on the required accuracy of the estimation of 𝑃𝑃th,rear , the following methods may be used.
Method 1 - Ignore 𝑷𝑷th,front
In this case 𝑃𝑃th,rear = 𝑃𝑃th
Method 2 – Estimate 𝑷𝑷th,front using a thermal simulation.
In this case, 𝑃𝑃th,rear is calculated using: 𝑃𝑃th,rear = 𝑃𝑃th − 𝑃𝑃th,front and 𝑃𝑃th,front is estimated using a thermal
simulation of the LED Module in the specific application. This allows the characteristics of the Luminaire also
to be taken into account.

6.2.5 Thermal Interface Material

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.9 apply.

6.2.6 Surface planarity and roughness

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.10 apply. It is recommended that the
surface in the Luminaire which serves as a thermal interface has a surface planarity smaller than 0,1 mm
and a surface roughness smaller than 3,2 μm.

6.2.7 Aging of LED Module (informative)

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section 6.2.11 apply.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 25

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Thermal interface

6.3 Luminaire Thermal requirements

The Luminaire is supposed to contain features that enable the heat generated by the LED Module to be
conducted to the ambient.

6.4 Compatibility check

The thermal compatibility check including an example is described in section 6.2.7 of [Book 1]

6.5 Ambient temperature and thermal resistance (Informative).

The Ambient Temperature is defined as the average temperature of the air in the environment where the
Luminaire (or Test Fixture) is applied. A few typical examples are:
• In case of an outdoor Luminaire or a suspended indoor Luminaire, the Ambient Temperature is
the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the Luminaire.
• In case of a recessed Luminaire, the Ambient Temperature is the temperature of the air in the
room, below the ceiling and in the vicinity of the Luminaire.

The thermal resistance of the Luminaire (R th,lum ) is defined as the thermal resistance from the Thermal
Interface Surface to the environment. The environment corresponds to the position where the Ambient
Temperature is defined.
As a consequence of these definitions, the thermal resistance of the Luminaire (R th,lum ) depends on the
application of the Luminaire. The Luminaire manufacturer defines in the PDS (generally in the mounting
instructions) how the Luminaire shall be applied. Next to that, the Luminaire manufacturer defines a setup
for measuring the thermal resistance of the Luminaire. This setup should be a good model for the actual
application of the Luminaire. Note that this measurement setup can be anything ranging from a free air
setup to measurement boxes as defined by, for example UL and IEC for safety tests.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 26

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

Part 2: Compliance Tests

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 27

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Compliance test tools

7 Compliance test tools

7.1 LED Module test tools
7.1.1 Test Fixture PETF (photometric and electrical)
The PETF for Book 10 LED Modules is a temperature-controlled heat sink that allows for mounting the LED-
Module-under-test and for attachment to the photometric measurement system.
The Thermal Interface Material to be used shall be supplied by the LED Module manufacturer when
submitting the LED module for compliance test to the ATC.

7.2 Luminaire test tools

No Luminaire testing tools are defined.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 28

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 LED Module Compliance and LED Array Holder Tests

8 LED Module Compliance and LED Array Holder Tests

This section defines compliance tests to be done on LED Modules. Only the mechanical tests in section 8.1
and the PDS tests in section 8.4 are also relevant for LED Array Holders.

8.1 LED Module and LED Array Holder mechanical interface tests
8.1.1 Test of the mechanical interface of the LED Module or LED Array Holder
The purpose of this test is to verify that the LED-Module-under-test meets the requirements of the
demarcation model as defined in section 3.3.1 4. LED Array Holders must also pass this test, with a suitable
LED Array inserted.

8.1.1.1 Test equipment

The mechanical interface should be tested with (semi) automated 3D measuring equipment such as a non-
contact optical measuring system. The measurement accuracy shall be at least ±0,05 mm.
Alternatively, the mechanical interface may be tested with a gauge made of a material that ensures the
accuracy mentioned below (for example 3 mm aluminum). In that case, it shall be verified that the gauge
complies with the corresponding demarcation model. This verification shall be done with a (semi)
automated 3D measuring equipment such as a non-contact optical measuring system. The measurement
accuracy shall be at least ±0,05 mm.

8.1.1.2 Test conditions

The mechanical interface shall be verified at a temperature in the range of 25 ± 5 ℃.

8.1.1.3 Test procedure

• Verify that the LED-Module-under-test does not cross the LED Module Demarcation as defined in
section 3.3.1. Note that such verification includes the outline of the LED-Module-under-test as well
as the size, shape and position of the mounting holes within that outline. Additional guidelines for
this test are provided in [Book-1], Annex B..
• For a LED Array Holder insert the suitable LED Array in the Holder and treat the assembly as a LED
Module for the purpose of this test

8.1.1.4 Pass criteria

The LED-Module-under-test or Holder passes if the result of the LED Module Demarcation verification is
positive. Using (semi) automated 3D measuring equipment, verification of the LED Module Demarcation is
positive if all measurement points are in the keep-in zone of the LED Module Demarcation with a tolerance
of 0,05 mm. Using a gauge, verification of the LED Module Demarcation is positive if the LED Module or
Holder fits in the gauge.

8.1.2 Test OCA of the LED Module or LED Array Holder for the D35 Category
The first purpose of this test is to verify that the LED-Module-under-test (in combination with the TIM)
meets the requirements for the OCA as defined in sections 3.3.2. The second purpose of this test is to verify
whether the LED-Module-under-test meets the requirements for the screw holes as defined in section
3.3.3.1.

8.1.2.1 Test equipment

• Caliper
• Flat metal ring with an outer-diameter of 35 mm, inner-diameter equal to ØOCAmax and a known,
thickness, constant within ±0,05 mm.

4 As the TIM is defined to be part of the LED Module, the height of the LED-Module-under-test shall be
verified including TIM (in its compressed state). This verification is implemented in the OCA test (section
8.1.2).

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 29

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 LED Module Compliance and LED Array Holder Tests

8.1.2.2 Test conditions

The mechanical interface shall be verified at a temperature in the range of 25 ± 5 ℃. The LED-Module-
under-test shall be tested in combination with the TIM and screws which shall be provided with the test
sample. The LED Module – TIM combination shall be tested with the TIM in compressed state with a contact
pressure or torque as defined in the PDS.

8.1.2.3 Test procedure

• Determine the designation of the LES category from the Product Data Set of the LED-Module-under-
test.
• Measure the diameter of the light opening at the top of the LED Module (ØOCA).
• Mount the LED Module on a plate by means of the supplied screws with a contact pressure or torque
according to the specification in the PDS.
• Position the ring on top of the LED Module such that the center of the ring is concentric with the
center of the LED Module.
• Verify that there is visual clearance between the top of the screws and the ring.
• Measure the height of the top of the ring at 4 positions: 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°, on a concentric circle
on the ring with a diameter of 20 mm.
• Calculate the average height of the OCA <HOCA> as the average height of the 4 measurement points
minus the thickness of the ring.
• For a LED Array Holder insert the suitable LED Array in the Holder and treat the Assembly as a LED
Module for the purpose of this test

8.1.2.4 Pass criteria

The LED-Module-under-test or Holder passes if the following conditions are met:
• The inner diameter of the OCA (ØOCA) is less or equal than ØOCAmax with ØOCAmax depending on
the LES category according to Table 3-3.
• There is visual clearance between the top of the screws and the ring.
• The average height of the OCA <HOCA> is in the range of 3,0 mm ≤ <HOCA> ≤ 4,0 mm.

8.1.3 Test OCA of the LED Module or LED Array Holder for the D50 Category

The OCA requirements as shown in section 3.3.3.2 are already covered by the mechanical verification from
section 8.1.1.

8.2 LED Module thermal interface tests

This section does not apply to LED Array Holders.

8.2.1 Test on thermal power (𝑷𝑷th )

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section A.0.3.1 apply. The Test Fixture PETF is
defined in section 7.1.1. The test conditions are defined in section 4.3.

8.2.2 Temperature stabilization

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section A.1.3.5 apply.

8.2.3 Position of measurement point for the Reference Temperature

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section A.1.3.6 apply.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 30

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 LED Module Compliance and LED Array Holder Tests

8.3 LED Module electrical interface tests

All LED Module compliance tests as defined in [Book 22] shall be conducted and the LED-Module-under-
test passes if all these tests pass.
All LED Module compliance tests as defined in [Book 23] shall be conducted and the LED-Module-under-
test passes if all these tests pass.
This section does not apply to LED Array Holders.

8.4 LED Module and LED Array Holder Product Data Set test
For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section A.0.5 apply.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 31

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Luminaire compliance tests

9 Luminaire compliance tests

9.1 Luminaire mechanical interface tests
9.1.1 Test on the mechanical interface of the Luminaire for mounting the LED Module(s)
The purpose of this test is to verify the mechanical LED Module interface of the Luminaire-under-test.

9.1.1.1 Test equipment

The mechanical interface should be tested with a (semi) automated 3D measuring equipment such as a non-
contact optical measuring system. The measurement accuracy shall be at least ± 0,05 mm.
Alternatively, the mechanical interface may be tested with a gauge made of a material that ensures the
accuracy mentioned below (for example 3 mm aluminum). In that case, it shall be verified that the gauge
complies with the corresponding demarcation model. This verification shall be done with a (semi)
automated 3D measuring equipment such as a non-contact optical measuring system. The measurement
accuracy shall be at least ± 0,05 mm.

9.1.1.2 Test conditions

The mechanical interface shall be verified at a temperature in the range of 25 ± 5 ℃.

9.1.1.3 Test procedure

Verify that the Luminaire-under-test, including mounting means such as screws does not cross the LED
Module Demarcation as defined in section 3.3. Additional guidelines for this test are provided in [Book-1],
Annex B.

9.1.1.4 Pass criteria

The Luminaire-under-test passes if the result of the LED Module Demarcation verification is positive for all
LED Module positions in the Luminaire.

9.2 Luminaire Product Data Set test

For the purpose of this section, the provisions in [Book 1] - section A.2.6 apply.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 32

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2

Annexes

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 33

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Product Data Set requirements

Annex A Product Data Set requirements

Listed in this section are the requirements with respect to the Product Data Sets of Zhaga products defined
in this Book 10.

A.1 LED Module Product Data Set

The LED Module Product Data Sets shall contain the following information:
• Book 10 LED Module Category (D35, D50)
• The LES category according to section 4.2 and the actual LES size according to section 4.2
• The Rated Operating Temperature 𝑡𝑡r,max
• The thermal power 𝑃𝑃th
• The properties or type of TIM to be used with this LED Module
• The contact pressure or torque required for mounting the LED Module
• The type of screws to be used for mounting the LED Module by referencing an international
standard (for D35)

On top of the parameters listed above, the LED Module PDS shall also include those parameters related to
the electrical interface that are mandated PDS items in [Book 23] and [Book 22].

A.2 LED Array Holder Product Data Set

The LED Array Holder Data Sets shall contain the following information:
• Book 10 diameter category (D35, D50)
• The properties or type of TIM to be used with this LED Array Holder
• The contact pressure or torque required for mounting the LED Array Holder
• The type of screws to be used for mounting the LED Array Holder by referencing an international
standard (for D35).
•

A.3 Luminaire Product Data Set

• Book 10 diameter category (D35, D50)
• Number of LED Modules if greater than 1.
• The intended operating conditions specifying Luminaire orientation and ta.
• As it is expected that the Luminaire is only suited up to a maximum LLE power Pth,rear,max, this
maximum shall be stated in the datasheet.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 34

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Guidelines for LES and Luminance measurements
(informative)

Annex B Guidelines for LES and Luminance measurements

(informative)

The Light Emitting Surface and the LES diameter for a Book 10 LED Module are defined in section 4.2 while
the luminance uniformity parameters B, S and U are defined in section 4.5. This annex provides guidance
on how to measure these parameters. Note that this section is informative only. Other methods to determine
the value of these parameters may also be used. As an example, one may calculate these values from ray-set
data of the device under test.

B.1 Test equipment

The luminance uniformity and the LES diameter can be measured using a setup as depicted in Figure B-1.
The luminance camera should have sufficient resolution to measure at least 500 pixels over the actual LES
area. The measurement uncertainty for the luminance value should be +/- 10% or less 5.

luminance
camera

LED Module

Heat sink LES

Figure B-1: Set-up for measurement of luminance uniformity and LES diameter.

B.2 Test conditions

See section 4.3.

B.3 Test procedure

• Perform a suitable geometrical calibration to relate the size of the luminance image to the
geometrical dimension of the LES. This should be done at least after any modification of the test
setup.
• Mount the LED-Module-under-test on a suitable heat sink. The luminance camera should measure
the luminance directly looking at the LED-Module-under-test along the Z-axis (Figure 3-1). Ensure
that the whole LED-Module-under-test is in the field of vision of the luminance camera.
• Choose the focus of the luminance camera to be in the plane of the OCA, not on the LEDs.
• Turn on the LED-Module-under-test.
• As only relative data is to be taken, it is not necessary to wait for thermal stabilization if the duration
of the measurement is less than 1 s. Otherwise, wait for stabilization of the temperature 𝑡𝑡𝑟𝑟 (see
[book 1], section A.0.3.2).

5Evaluation of measurements is always relative in this specification. Thus, the tolerance for the luminance
rotational symmetry, center balance and uniformity parameter is expected to be much lower.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 35

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Guidelines for LES and Luminance measurements
(informative)

• Measure the luminance image of the LED-Module-under-test. Trim the image in such a way that the
LED Module is in the center of the image, and that it fills at least 80% of height and width of the
image.
• Determine the center of gravity of the luminance image. The “center of gravity” of a luminance
image is by definition the point which has the least summed distance to all pixels in the image. Use
only pixels above the background noise level for this determination. A typical threshold level is
10% of the maximum intensity. Shift the center of the evaluation areas (section 4.5) such that it
coincides with the “center of gravity”.
• Evaluate the average luminances Li in the areas Ai as defined section 4.5. Note that the LES category
diameter shall be taken for this evaluation.
• Determine the actual LES diameter as the minimum diameter of the circle around the center of
gravity of the luminance image that encloses all pixels with >10% of the maximum Li (i=1..5).
• Rotate the orientation of the segments diagram defined in section 4.5 with respect to the luminance
image by 90° in steps of 5°. For every step, evaluate the rotational symmetry parameter (S). The
maximum shall be taken as value for S.
• Evaluate center balance (B) as defined in section 4.5
• Evaluate the average luminance Lavg over the actual LES area.
• Calculate the luminance uniformity (U) as defined in section 4.5. The number of pixels N shall not
be less than 500.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 36

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Remarks (Informative)

Annex C Remarks (Informative)

C.1 Photometric interchangeability
The main objective of the Zhaga Interface Specification is to promote interchangeability of LED Light
Engines while allowing maximum design freedom, especially regarding LED technology. Consequently, the
light emission cannot be defined to the very last detail; in particular, the luminance distribution over the
Light Emitting Surface cannot be tightly toleranced.
The definitions in this book have been carefully balanced in order to make the best compromise between
freedom in LED technology and a secure platform for Luminaire Optics design.
This compromise has been found using a set of test reflectors with target beam angles of 20 and 40°, using
both specular and frosted surface. These reflectors have been optimized for LES 19. Parameters in this
specification have been set such that variations in beam angle and center beam intensity are not larger than
12,5%. This has been verified with all available LES 19 LLEs during phase B testing.
However, it cannot be foreseen whether in a specific reflector design the 12,5% criterion will be met
automatically. Specific optics design for interchangeability is recommended.
As LED technology evolves, there may be solutions that have not been foreseen during the drafting of this
specification. New optics solutions should be reviewed regularly by the Zhaga Workgroup and incorporated
into newer editions of this specification if they fulfill the 12,5% criterion.

C.2 Color effects

Current LED technology at the time of finalization of this specification comes in many technical realizations.
Some of them show effects of color variation over the emission angle and/or in the luminance distribution.
Neither effect has been taken into account in this edition of the specification, as the effects can be managed
by proper light mixing properties of the Luminaire Optics. However, it is always recommended to evaluate
the performance of a Luminaire Optic using multi-color ray files and/or real samples of LLEs to ensure the
intended performance is met in a specific combiation of LLE and Luminaire Optic.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 37

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Luminaire thermal test tools (Informative)

Annex D Luminaire thermal test tools (Informative)

D.1 Thermal Test Engine TTE – Spot (informative)
A Thermal Test Engine TTE-Spot can be used to simulate a general Zhaga Spot module in a luminaire. A
typical construction is shown schematically in Figure D-2. A technical drawing of the Aluminum part is
shown in Figure D-3. Preferably a device such as a Vishay LTO 100 should be used as a heater. If not
available, another heater with sufficient power capability and heat transfer area of approximately 11,5 mm
x 14 mm can be used. The heater must be in good thermal contact, for example, by use of thermal grease.

Figure D-2: Thermal Test Engine TTE-Spot schematic

By applying the TTE – Spot in a luminaire and powering the heater with the same electrical power as the
Pth of an intended LED Module, the thermal behavior of the Luminaire can be evaluated without the actual
LED Module. A comparison of the conditions for different Pth is easily possible.

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 38

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 Luminaire thermal test tools (Informative)

Figure D-3: Thermal Test Engine TTE-Spot – technical drawing of the aluminum part

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 39

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY

 Zhaga Interface Specification
Book 10: Circular LED modules for spot lighting
Edition 1.2 History of changes

Annex E History of changes

Location Change Reason

Document Repair references to Zhaga books 22 and 23
3.6 & A.1 Remove text on Locking Ring System
4 Delete requirements on photometric interface
8 Delete compliance tests on photometric interface
A.1 Delete photometric parameters from PDS
B Delete annex B on demarcation measurement

Table E-1: Changes from Edition 1.1 to Edition 1.2

© Zhaga Consortium, April 2021 40

CONFIDENTIAL - FOR ZHAGA MEMBERS ONLY