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Cholelithiasis Pathophysiology

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of cholelithiasis, or gallstone formation. It lists predisposing factors like age over 40 and pre-existing conditions like obesity or hypertension. It then describes the process of gallstone formation starting with abnormal cholesterol and bile salt metabolism leading to gallbladder sludge, crystal formation, and stone development over time. It outlines how stones can cause gallbladder attacks by obstructing ducts and irritating the gallbladder wall. Left untreated, this can progress to complications like acute cholecystitis or ascending cholangitis as bacteria infect the bile ducts.

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Shinrin Sukehiro
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2K views2 pages

Cholelithiasis Pathophysiology

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of cholelithiasis, or gallstone formation. It lists predisposing factors like age over 40 and pre-existing conditions like obesity or hypertension. It then describes the process of gallstone formation starting with abnormal cholesterol and bile salt metabolism leading to gallbladder sludge, crystal formation, and stone development over time. It outlines how stones can cause gallbladder attacks by obstructing ducts and irritating the gallbladder wall. Left untreated, this can progress to complications like acute cholecystitis or ascending cholangitis as bacteria infect the bile ducts.

Uploaded by

Shinrin Sukehiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

CHOLELITHIASIS

PRECIPITATING FACTORS PREDISPOSING FACTORS

 Obesity (BMI: 33)  Age of >40 (42 years old)


 Occasional consumption of  Hypertension
alcohol
 Sedentary lifestyle
 High intake of cholesterol food

 The abnormal metabolism of cholesterol and


bile salt plays an important role in the
formation of gallstones.

Excessive production of cholesterol

Stagnant bile in the gallbladder

Sludge ball
Cholesterol
supersaturation

Formation of solid
cholesterol crystals

Clumping of the
solid crystals and
forming stones

Gallstones formed

MANAGEMENT:
LABORATORY
Ketorolac
TESTS:
CHOLELITHIASIS Cefuroxime
CBC
Omeprazole
ULTRASOUND
Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide
Contraction of gallbladder to
release bile after consuming
fat

Irritation of the
gallbladder
wall/mucosa
Obstruction kof the cystic duct

Acute inflammation of
the gallbladder
- Increased WBC
↑ Intra-gallbladder pressure
- 12.8 (5-10 x × 109/L)

Obstruction of the common bile


duct (Choledocolethiasis)

Gallbladder distension Biliary colic occurs (gallbladder attack)

Disruption of the normal  Sharp pain in the RUQ/RUA


flow of the bile  Pain scale of 10/10

Acute Calculous
Cholecystitis
Cholestasis
Partially
treated
Waiting for
surgery

Infection of the bile ducts as


the duodenal bacteria goes to
the bile duct

Inflammation of the
Ascending
common duct
Cholangitis
(Cholangitis)

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