QUANTUM

COMPUTING
AND NEW
COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGIES
COMPILED BY HOWIE BAUM
 THE FUTURE OF COMPUTING

1) How far have we come?

2) Can we keep going?

3) Where do we go from here?

U.S. Army Photo,
http://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/HistoryPt4.htm

4) What does it mean for us?

 QUANTUM COMPUTING AND NEW
COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES
SUBJECT LIST

1) QUANTUM COMPUTING

2) NEW COMPUTER CHIP TECHNOLOGIES

3) THE INTERNET OF THINGS

4) OTHER NEW COMPUTER USES

5) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

6) DIGITAL HUMAN MODELING

7) AI AND NATURAL LANGUAGE

PROCESSING
1) QUANTUM COMPUTING
 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE AMOUNT OF
MEMORY IN COMPUTERS
THE SMALLEST AMOUNT OF MEMORY IS A BIT WHICH REPRESENTS A 0 OR A 1

A BYTE, IS MADE OF 8 BITS AND USUALLY STORES ONE CHARACTER SUCH AS A LETTER OR A
NUMBER OR SYMBOL, SUCH AS Z, 8, OR &

A COMPUTER WITH 8 MEGABYTES OF MEMORY CAN STORE APPROXIMATELY 8 MILLION

CHARACTERS.
Kilobyte (KB) = 1 Thousand Bytes
= 1/2 of a double-space typed page

Megabyte (Mb) = 1 Million Bytes

= 768 pages of typed text

Gigabyte (GB) = 1 Billion Bytes )

= 786,432 pages of typed text

HARD DRIVE SOLID-STATE Terabyte (TB) = 1 Trillion Bytes

MEMORY DRIVE = 51 miles high stack of typed pages
5
 COMPUTERS ONLY UNDERSTAND 1’S AND 0’S
Computers don’t understand any human logic. A computer is hardware – a physical object.

The 1’s and 0’s are understood by humans only. The ‘1’ means an ‘ON’ state of a switch and ‘0’ means
‘OFF’ state of the same switch.

The ‘1’ and ‘0’ are also referred to as Binary Number System in mathematics. The field of electronics
dealing with the ‘1’ and ‘0’ is called Digital Electronics.
ALL OF THE SWITCHING IS DONE BY VERY SMALL TRANSISTORS !

ON AN AVERAGE, A COMPUTER CHIP CAN WORK AT UP TO 4 BILLION

CALCULATIONS PER SECOND !!
 Transistor switches

OFF ON ON OFF OFF OFF OFF ON

0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1

Binary code for the letter “a”

A byte is further broken down into eight
bits, which we’ve seen before.

Each bit can be a 0 or 1. Doing the

math, each byte can represent 28 =2 to
the 8th power which = 256 different
numbers composed of eight 0s or 1s,
but it can only hold one value at a time.

The difference in a quantum

computer is that 8 qubits can
represent all 256 values at the same
time !!

This is through superposition, but

also through entanglement, the way
we can tightly tie together the
behavior of two or more qubits. This
is what gives us the (literally)
exponential growth in the amount of
working memory.
 A FUN ILLUSTRATION OF THE IDEA OF
EXPONENTIAL NUMBERS

Imagine you want to seat 10 fussy people at a dinner party,

where there is only one best seating plan out of all the different
possible combinations.

How many different combinations would you have to explore to

find the best one ?

The more people at each table, the much, much higher the
number gets !!

Can you guess how many combinations there are for ?

2 People = 2 factorial (2!) = 2 X 1 = 2

5 People = 5 factorial (5!) = 5X4X3X2X1 = 120

10 People = 10 factorial (10!) = 10X9X8X7X6X5X4X3X2X1

= 3,628,800 total combinations !!

That's just to arrange 10 people around a table !

 CAFFEINE

COFFEE BEANS WITH CAFFEINE IN THEM

Caffeine has 8 atoms of
Carbon, 10 of Hydrogen, 4 of
Nitrogen and 2 of oxygen.

It is a small molecule but

each atom in it contains
many, many protons,
neutrons, and electrons.
 CAN WE FULLY REPRESENT A
SINGLE CAFFEINE MOLECULE
AT A SINGLE INSTANT?

If we just look at the energy 8 atoms of Carbon

configuration that determines the (Black)
structure of the molecule and the
bonds that hold it all together, the 10 of Hydrogen (White)
amount of information to describe
4 of Nitrogen (Blue)
this is staggering.
2 of oxygen (Red)
In particular, the number of bits,
the 0s and 1s, needed is
approximately 1048 or 10 with 48
O’s after it.

10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,
000,000,000,000,000,000,000
 QUANTUM COMPUTING

A traditional computer uses long strings of “bits,” which encode

either a zero or a one.

A quantum computer, on the other hand, uses quantum

bits, or qubits which can be either a 0, a 1, or both !!

The image to the right is what an IBM Quantum computer

looks like. The image below is the Quantum chip, that is in the
canister at the bottom of the computer.

The bottom area of quantum computers have to be kept at a few

parts of a degree above absolute zero, to around
-460 Fahrenheit. The temperature in outer space is −454.81 °F !

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b-0ZNlqaSBE go to 6.35 minutes

 SUPERPOSITION

In the ordinary classical

world, a skateboarder
could be in only one
location or position at a
time, such as the left
side of the ramp (which
could represent a data
value of 0) or the right
side (representing a 1).

But if a skateboarder
could behave like a
quantum object (such
as an atom or an
electron), he or she
could be in a
“superposition” of 0 and
1, effectively existing in
both places at the same
time.
 ENTANGLEMENT

An ion (a charged atomic

particle) will collapse
randomly into a 0 or 1, and
its partner ion will then be
observed to have the same
value, even if it’s halfway
across the galaxy.

Albert Einstein pointed out

this “spooky action at a
distance,” and it disturbed
him greatly, but this
behavior has been
confirmed time and again.
 THE IDEAS BEHIND QUANTUM COMPUTING CAN BE CONFUSING !

“when a qubit is both one and zero”—said by everyone, understood by no-

one

Quantum computers perform calculations based on the probability of an

object’s state before it is measured.
“It is my task to convince
you not to turn away
because you don’t
understand it.

You see, my physics

students don’t understand
it either.

That because I don’t

understand it.

Nobody does.”
2) NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER CHIPS AND
TRANSISTORS
 MOORE’S LAW
Moore’s Law was first proposed in a magazine article by Intel co-founder Gordon E. Moore.

What it actually says is that the number of transistors that can be packed into a given unit of
space will roughly double every two years.

So far, that prediction has remained impressively true, a fact that’s allowed everything from pocket-
sized smartphones to new types of computer chips.

BUT NOW ITS ABOUT TO CHANGE !!

The Cerebras company unveiled a whopper of a new Graphic Processing Unit
(GPU) chip, that is intended to be used for Artificial Intelligence applications.

The largest regular GPU includes 21.1 billion transistors, and requires 815 square
millimeters of die space,

The Cerebras Systems chip is very large rectangular chip (as shown below next to a
computer keyboard) with 1.2 trillion transistors and is 8 inches by 9 inches.
This graph
shows
where the
Cerebras
chip fits
way above
the line of
Moore’s law.
 THE AMAZING REDUCTIONS
IN THE SIZE OF
TRANSISTORS
IN COMPUTER CHIPS

Transistor size is an important part of

improving computer technology.

The smaller your transistors, the

more you can fit on a chip, and the
faster and more efficient your
processor and computer can be.

Instead of the describing the size

of transistors, the industry uses
the term process node which is
the distance between the
transistors.

The distance now is so small that

it is described in nanometers(nm)
which is a billionth of a meter !!
 THE AMAZING SMALLNESS
OF OUR WORLD

❖ Your fingernails grow at the rate of about 1 nanometer

per second.

❖ A single water molecule is about 1.5 nanometers.

❖ A strand of human DNA is 2.5 nanometers in diameter.

❖ A red blood cell is 7,500 nanometers wide

❖ A strand of hair is about 100,000 nanometers wide.

❖ A sheet of paper is 100,000 nanometers thick.

A comparison of the size of part of a
circuit and transistors on a computer
chip and a carbon nanotube (top
right), to the size of a human hair.
 THE REDUCTION IN SIZE OF TRANSISTORS
As the distance between transistors
130 nanometers – 2001 – 45 million transistors
on the chip decreases, the number of
transistors increases a lot, providing
90 nanometers – 2003 – 150 million transistors faster processing speed and
performance of the chip.
65 nanometers – 2005 – 463 million transistors

45 nanometers – 2007 – 1.2 billion transistors

(2,000 of these will fit across a human hair !!)

32 nanometers – 2009 – 2 billion transistors

22 nanometers – 2012 – 2.6 billion transistors

14 nanometers – 2014 - 7.2 billion transistors

10 nanometers – 2016 – 8 billion transistors

7 nanometers – 2018 - 10.3 billion transistors

5 nanometers – 2020 – 15.3 billion transistors (16,000 of

these will fit across a human hair !!

3 and 2 nanometers – 2021 – 50+ billion transistors

 IBM UNVEILS NEW 2
NANOMETER TRANSISTORS
ON THEIR CHIPS

According to IBM, the 2

nanometers process can improve
a semiconductor's performance
by 45% and use less power too.

The new 2 nanometers

process is capable of fitting
50 billion transistors on a
chip, the size of a fingernail.

It probably won’t go into volume

production until late 2024.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
HD5KbeR5mtc&t=68s 2.7 minutes
 DIMENSIONAL HELIX SHAPED TELLURIUM COULD
MAKE EXTRA SMALL TRANSISTORS

Researchers found that the element Tellurium encapsulated in a nanotube made

of boron nitride, helps build a field-effect transistor with a diameter of 2
nanometers – (2 billionths of a meter).

Transistors on the market are made of bulkier silicon and have ranged between 10 and 20
nanometers.

Tellurium, helix shaped Boron Nitride nanotube

 1 NANOMETER LONG
TRANSISTOR GATE !

A team of scientists built a

functional 1 nanometer long
transistor gate, which is the
smallest working transistor
ever made.

They used carbon nanotubes

and molybdenum disulfide
(MoS2 ) to create a 1
nanometer transistor.

1 Nanometer is the size of

3-4 Gold atoms !!
CARBON NANOTUBE TRANSISTORS
To continue to reduce the size of computer
circuits, a carbon nanotube, field-effect
transistor is being designed.

It is a transistor that uses a single carbon

nanotube or an array of carbon nanotubes as
the channel material instead of bulk silicon in
the traditional integrated circuit structure.
 THE FIRST NANOTUBE
COMPUTER CHIP
PROTOTYPE

This chip has more than 14,000

carbon-nanotube transistors.

Each carbon transistor is about

a millionth of a meter across vs
tens of billionths of a meter
across for the latest
transistors.

Each carbon-nanotube
transistor can flip on and off
about a million times a second.

Silicon transistors can switch

billions of times per second.

Speed improvement designs

are underway.
Carbon nanotube electronics can also be made in 3-D stacks that bring processing and
memory closer together for more efficient computing.

Researchers layer carbon nanotube circuits with memory arrays on top of silicon chips and
connect all the layers with dense metal wiring.
Scientists build carbon nanotube circuits on top of silicon wafers like this 100 mm one.

Zooming in from left to right, a series of micrographs shows a wafer, then a group of
circuits, then a few transistors, and finally a close-up of a carbon nanotube transistor
made up of several tubes lined up in parallel.

The transistor is switched on and off by applying a voltage using the metal “gates” at the
top and bottom.

500 Nanometers = 500 billionths of a meter

For a comparison, a human hair is about

100,000 nanometers wide
 GRAPHENE FOR MAKING
SMALLER COMPUTER CHIPS

A relatively new material - Graphene

(shown at top, right), is a 1 atom thick sheet
of Carbon and is a great conductor of
electricity.

Engineers at IBM Research have built the

world’s most advanced graphene-based chip,
with performance that’s 10,000 times better
than previous graphene chips.

Right now, it “only” receives and restores

wireless signals in the 4.3 Billions of cycles
per second range, which is typical of current
computer chips.

Plans are underway to make it much faster.

 3 DIMENSIONAL INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS
A three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D
IC) is a MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor)
integrated circuit (IC) manufactured by
stacking silicon wafers or dies and
interconnecting them vertically.

This is one of several ways to use the

vertical direction to achieve electrical
performance benefits, in microelectronics
and nanoelectronics.

As of the 2010s, 3D ICs have been widely

used for flash memory in mobile devices.
MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS
Molecular electronics is the study and
application of molecular building blocks for
the fabrication of electronic components.

Graphene possesses not only excellent

mechanical stability, but also exceptionally
high electronic and thermal conductive
properties, making the emerging 2-D
material very attractive for a range of
possible applications in molecular
electronics.
This image shows the gray layer of Graphene
which is a single atomic layer of carbon atoms
connected to each other and 2 molecular
transistors above it.
 OPTICAL COMPUTING

Optical or photonic computing uses photons produced by lasers or diodes for computation.

Most research projects focus on replacing current computer components with optical
equivalents, resulting in an optical digital computer system processing binary data.

This approach appears to offer the best short-term prospects for commercial optical
computing, since optical components could be integrated into traditional computers to
produce an optical-electronic hybrid.

(a) Optical Network on Chip (b) Photonic Chip on Circuit

 OPTICAL COMPUTING
The flow of electric current is only 10 percent of the speed of light so that is why all
of the cable and other electronic businesses changed from copper wires to optical
fiber.

By applying the advantages of Infrared or visible light at the component and device
scale, a computer (Optical Computer) can be developed that has 10 times more
processing power than conventional systems.
 HARVARD CRACKS DNA STORAGE,
CRAMS 5,500 TERABYTES OF DATA
INTO A SINGLE GRAM

5.5 petabytes of data — around 5,500

terabytes, has been stored in a single gram of
DNA.
THANK YOU !!
The process treats DNA as just another digital
storage device.

Instead of binary data being encoded as

magnetic regions on a hard drive platter,
strands of DNA that store 96 bits are
synthesized, with each of the bases (TGAC)
representing a binary value (T and G = 1, A
and C = 0).

To read the data stored in DNA, you simply

sequence it — just as if you were sequencing
the human genome — and convert each of the
TGAC bases back into binary.
3) THE INTERNET OF THINGS !
WHAT IS THE INTERNET
OF THINGS (IoT)?

❖ It refers to connected
physical and digital
components such as cars,
appliances, and much
more.

❖ The devices can transmit

data without the assistance
of human mediators.

❖ The number of
connected devices in
2021 is set to hit 46
billion.

❖ By 2030, this figure is

expected to jump to 125
billion.
 THERE ARE CURRENTLY FIVE TYPES OF
IoT APPLICATIONS:

Consumer IoT—such as light fixtures, home

appliances, and voice assistance for the elderly.

Commercial IoT—applications of IoT in the

healthcare and transport industries, such as smart
pacemakers, monitoring systems, and vehicle to
vehicle communication (V2V).

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)—includes

digital control systems, statistical evaluation, smart
agriculture, and industrial big data.

Infrastructure IoT—enables the connectivity of

smart cities through the use of infrastructure
sensors, management systems, and user-friendly
user apps.

Military Things (IoMT)—application of IoT

technologies in the military field, such as robots for
surveillance and human-wearable biometrics for
combat.
 HOME IoT CONNECTIONS
BROWN – 2018 ORANGE – AMOUNT PREDICTED IN 2022
4) OTHER NEW COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS
 5G PHONE NETWORK
5G stands for the 5th generation of mobile internet connectivity, offering faster speeds and
more reliable connections on smartphones and other devices than ever before.

The networks will help power a huge rise in the Internet of Things technology, providing the
infrastructure needed to carry huge amounts of data, allowing for a smarter and more
connected world.

With development well underway, 5G networks are expected to launch across the world by
2020, working alongside existing 3G and 4G technology to provide speedier connections
that let you stay online no matter where you are.
This image shows the
extent of the 5G
phone network in and
around Cincinnati, for
the Verizon company.

5G is in purple and 4G
is in dark red.
AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE

Ambient Intelligence (AMI) is

a sensitive electronic
environment.

It is interconnected and
responds to the presence of
people.

When you leave your office

late at night, your
thermostat, lights and other
devices will adjust
themselves to save
electricity.

Even the chairs in the rooms

will move in !!
 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

• Artificial intelligence (AI), sometimes called machine intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated

by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans and other animals, such
as "learning" and "problem solving. .

➢ In computer science AI research is defined as the study of "intelligent agents": any device
that perceives its environanometers ent and takes actions that maximize its chance of
56
successfully achieving its goals.
HOW ARE HUMANS INTELLIGENT ?
 Learning

 Reasoning

 Problem Solving and Creativity

 Social Behavior

 Experiencing our Environment with our senses:

 Hearing
 Sight
 Touch
 Taste
 Smelling 57
58
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has entered our daily lives like never before and we are yet to unravel
the many other ways in which it could flourish.

All of the tech giants such as Microsoft, Uber, Google, Facebook, Apple, Amazon,
Oracle, Intel, IBM or Twitter are competing in the race to lead the market and acquire the most
innovative and promising AI businesses.

59
DeepMind is a subsidiary of Google that focuses on the development of artificial
intelligence and deep reinforcement machine learning.

DeepMind is built around the framework of neural networks and uses a method called
deep-reinforced-learning.

This means that the A.I can learn from its experiences and become more efficient at whatever
it does.

The A.I is general-purpose meaning that it's NOT pre-programmed for a specific task from the
go.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gn4nRCC9TwQ 1.8 minutes
 SPECIAL COMPUTER PROCESSING CHIPS FOR
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The potential benefits from self-learning computer chips are limitless as these types of
devices can learn to perform the most complex thinking tasks, such as interpreting critical
cardiac rhythms, detecting anomalies to prevent cyber-hacking and composing music.

This is a new one made by the Intel company and many other companies are making
special AI chips too.

61
Digital Face and Human Modeling
WHICH OF THESE FACES IS REAL AND WHICH ONE(S) IS/ARE
COMPUTER GENERATED ?
The human face is a complicated thing—powered by 52 muscles; contoured by the nose, eyebrows,
and other features; and capable of an almost infinite range of expressions, from joy to anger to
sorrow to puzzlement..

Perhaps that is why realistic animation of the human face has been described as the
“holy grail” of computer graphics.

The face below is getting closer to a real face and the next set of slides show that
computer generated faces have reached visual reality !

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VC5e1KDyb24 24 seconds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wK1Ixr-UmM 2.7 minutes
The picture below, shows actress Angela Bassett during a motion capture session for her
character, in the video game, “Rainbow Six: Siege.”

The actress and filmmaker is taking on the mantle of "Six," the code name for the very
tough leader of the elite counter-terrorism group depicted in "Tom Clancy's Rainbow
Six."
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpMDfyy5DFQ 2 minutes
DIGITAL EMILY IS AT THE RIGHT
SIDE OF THE PICTURE, TO THE
RIGHT.

SHE, ACTOR IDRIS ELBA, JOHN

BOYEGA, AND DIGITAL IRA ARE
THE FIRST COMPUTER-DRIVEN
IMAGES TO ACTUALLY CREATE A
REALISTIC AND ACCEPTABLE
HUMAN FACE.

DIGITAL IMAGE BASED ON THE LIKENESS OF ACTOR DIGITAL IMAGE OF MORGAN

IDRIS ELBA. FREEMAN, WITHOUT HAIR
To create Digital Emily, actress
Emily O’Brien was placed in a
special camera and light rig that
had 156 LED lights and multiple
cameras.

A lot of pictures were taken of her

with various facial positions with
light and dark conditions.
 To get Emily’s mouth correct, they made a cast of her teeth and then made a
separate digitIzed image of them.

This is a scan of her face, with the one on the right showing the mesh that is used to
move all of the parts of her face.
The link below will bring up the video that shows Digital Emily talking about the company –
Image Metrics, that did all of the photography and computer processing to develop one of the
first, truly human animated faces !!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYgLFt5wfP4 go to
Seven years after Digital Emily was created, Actress Emily O'Brien was generous enough to
have herself scanned again, this time at much higher resolution and fidelity. The
original one is on the left and the newer one is on the right, called Digital Emily 2.

To get the much improved images, Emily sat in a latticework geodesic dome,
eight feet in diameter, equipped with more than twelve thousand L.E.D.s and
seven Canon high-definition sports-photography cameras. A much larger stage is
used for capturing a full body.
A CLOSER LOOK
AT THE
AMAZING
FACIAL DETAIL
OF DIGITAL
EMILY 2 !!
During December of 2014 when Barack Obama was still the U.S. President, a
portable light stage was set up in the White House to get a very accurate image of
his face.

This was the first-ever 3-D portrait made s of a sitting president — exact duplicates
created with digital technology
Siren is a demo of a woman, rendered in real-time using Epic’s Unreal Engine 4
technology.

The move is a step toward transforming both films and games using digital humans
who look and act like the real thing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9owTAISsvwk 42 seconds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NW6mYurjYZ0 1 minute
 META-HUMAN CREATOR
USING THE UNREAL
ENGINE 5, DEVELOPED
BY THE EPIC GAMES CO.

Creating convincing digital

humans has traditionally
been hard, slow, and
expensive.

With MetaHuman Creator,

the time to create a unique
digital human of the
highest quality, complete
with hair and clothing, is
slashed.

Here, we provide a first

look at the new tool.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuAAdsZPLlE 1 minute
The Neon project from
STAR Labs led by Pranav
Mistry was announced
back in CES show in
January.

The goal is to create

something like that looks
and behaves like a human
being.

Meaning it should also be

able to form memories,
acquire new skills and
express emotions.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOFebaVoqBs 3.5 minutes
In a first for education, the Vector Energy company is exploring the use of “digital human”
technology in its energy education programs in primary schools.

In conjunction with New Zealand’s leading AI company Soul Machines, Vector has created
Will, a “digital teacher” being trialed in its award-winning ‘Be Sustainable with Energy’
schools program, which is offered free of charge to schools

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=33&v=Ab0DCzFz82s 2 minutes
7) AI AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Google announced their Duplex system in 2018, a new technology for conducting natural
conversations to carry out “real world” tasks over the phone.

The technology is directed towards completing specific tasks, such as scheduling certain
types of appointments.

For such tasks, the system makes the conversational experience as natural as possible,
allowing people to speak normally, like they would to another person, without having to
adapt to a machine.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoXp1leA5Qc 1.25 minutes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-RHG5DFAjp8 1 minute 82
 A CONVERSATION BETWEEN
TWO AI’s – SOPHIA AND HAL

The AIs (Artificial Intelligence) who

were built using GPT-3, a language
model that understands the English
language

The computer programmer

prompted GPT3 with just three
lines so the rest of the
conversation is by the AI:

"The following is a conversation

between two AIs.

The AIs are both clever, humorous,

and intelligent.

Hal: Good Evening, Sophia

Sophia: It's great to see you again, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jz78fSnBG0s&t=27s
3.3 minutes
 A LITTLE HUMOR ABOUT
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE !!

84
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THE END