DETAILED LESSON PLAN

SCHOOL Aureliana National High GRADE LEVEL 9

School
TEACHER Angel Hope S. Maceda LEARNING Science
AREA
TEACHING March 4, 2024 QUARTER 3rd
DATE
TIME 7:30 – 8:30 am SECTION Hercules
I. Objectives
A. Content Standard The relationship between the visible
constellations in the sky and Earth’s
position along its orbit
B. Performance Standard Discuss whether or not popular beliefs and
practices with regard to constellations and
astrology have scientific basis
C. Most Essential Learning Competency Show which constellations may be
observed at different times of the year
using models
S9ES -IIIj - 35
D. Specific Learning Objectives At the end of lesson, the students must be
able to:

a. Define a star
b. Identify the different characteristics of
stars
c. Participates in class discussion actively
d. Create their own star applying the
characteristics learned in the lesson
II. Subject Matter
Topic Characteristics of Stars
Value Integration: Creativity, Cooperation
Subject Integration: English
III. Learning Resources
A. Learning Materials: PPT Presentation, LED TV, IM’s, puzzle (star)

B. Learning References:

1. Liza A. Alvarez, et al. 2017. Science Learner's Module 9, pp. 211-227. Pasig City:
Department of Education
2. (DepEd-BLR). Wikihow. n.d. How to Identify Stars. Accessed January 27, 2021.
https://www.wikihow.com/Identify-the-Stars.
IV. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Preliminaries
5 mins 1. Prayer

2. Greetings
Good morning, students!
Good morning, ma’am!

3. Checking of Attendance
Class monitor, who are absent
from the boys?
How about from the girls?
There are none absent from the
boy and girls, ma’am. We are all
present.

Okay, that’s good.

Last Friday, we discussed about

the climate change as well as its
causes and effects, right?

Yes, ma’am.

It’s good to know that you could

still recall our topic last meeting.
ELICIT Before we proceed to our main
10 mins topic, let’s have a game.

Class, do you want to play a

game?

Yes, ma’am.

Good. I will group you into four.

We will start our counting from
the left side. Each group will
select a leader. Group 1 - Betelgeuse

Group 2 - Polaris

Group 3 - Sirius

Group 4 - Capella

Have you already selected your

leader?
Yes, ma’am.

Good!

Just a reminder that when we are

having a group activity, discuss
with your group mates silently,
avoid roaming around and
cooperate with your group
mates.

Directions: This game is a jigsaw Group 1

puzzle. The goal is to complete
the picture by putting the pieces G
together. The first group to finish
the puzzle will be the winner and
will receive a prize.
roup 2
 Group 3

Group 4

Okay, we have a winner. But we

will wait for other groups to
complete their puzzles.

Let’s give group ___, a good job

clap.

Are you familiar with the good Yes, ma’am / No, ma’am
job clap?

If not, I will teach it to you.

(G - double 0 - D - J - O - B)

GOOD JOB! GOOD JOB!

(Students do the Good Job clap)

Yes, ma’am. We enjoyed the

 Did you enjoy the game, class? game.

Thank you class for your active

participation. You all did your
best.

Based on the game that we

played a while ago, what pictures
or images did you formed out of Ma’am, we were able to formed
the puzzles? various picture of stars.

That’s right! What did you notice I notice that they possess
to the pictures of stars? different colors, sizes and
brightness ma’am.

Very observant! That’s right.

Stars differ from their colors,
sizes and brightness as well as
they have certain temperatures.
Later on we will find more about
these.

Those different pictures of stars

class, has something to do with
our lesson for today which is the Okay, ma’am.
characteristics of stars.
ENGAGE Moving on, let me ask you this
5mins question:

Are you familiar with the

nursery rhyme “Twinkle twinkle
little star”?
Yes, ma’am.
Okay class, I want you to sing it. (Students sing the nursery
rhyme)

Twinkle twinkle little star.

How I wonder what you are.
Up above the world so high.
Like a diamond in the sky.
Twinkle twinkle little star.
How I wonder what you are.

Very good!

Now, what is the nursery rhyme Ma’am, the song is about the
about? stars.

That’s right!

Where can you find these stars? Ma’am, we can find the stars in
the sky in the night time.

Ma’am, the stars are in the

outer space.

Okay, let’s find out if your

answers are correct as we go
along with our topic today. Okay, ma’am.

Our next topic will be out of this

world, literally because for
today’s lesson will be dealing
about stars.
 Are you ready to start the new Yes, ma’am.
lesson, class?
EXPLORE Okay, class before we start the
5 mins discussion on a 1/4 sheet of
paper I want you to enumerate
the different characteristics of
stars mentioned in the nursery
rhyme that you sang earlier. I’ll
give you 5 minutes to enumerate
those characteristics.

Are the instructions clear, class?

Yes, ma’am.
You may begin class.

(The students do the activity)

After 5 minutes …

Okay, class time’s up.

I will call a few students to read

what they have written. Okay, ma’am.

(The teacher will call a few

students and let them read to the
class the different characteristics
they have written)
(The students give varied
answers)

Thank you, well done class you

have managed to identify some
characteristics of stars. Thank you, ma’am.
 Let’s give your classmates
another Good Job clap.

(The students do the Good Job

clap)
EXPLAIN Moving on, let us first define
15 mins what a star is.

Class, in your prior knowledge,

what is a star?

Ma’am, a star is a burning ball

of gas in space.

Ma’am, stars are the one

twinkling at night.

(Students give varied answers)

That’s right! Stars are giant balls

of hot gas – mostly hydrogen,
with some helium and small
amounts of other elements.
Every star has its own life cycle,
ranging from a few million to
trillions of years, and its
properties change as it ages.

Stars are incredible because they

are light years away from Earth,
but yet we can still see their
brightness every clear night. All
stars have certain properties, or
characteristics, that we are going
to talk about today.
Okay, ma’am.
Now class, in the song it was
described that the size of a star
was “little”. Is it true?

Yes, ma’am, the stars are tiny.

No, ma’am. Stars that are big.

Both your answers are correct
class, some stars are small while
some are big, even bigger than
our sun.

Size is the first characteristic,

class.

Size - measured by the Sun’s

radius (1 solar radii is the same
size as the sun)

The largest and brightest classes

of stars have the lowest
numbers, given in Roman
numerals — Ia is a bright
supergiant; Ib, a supergiant; II, a
bright giant; III, a giant; IV, a
subgiant; and V, a main sequence
or dwarf.
Okay, ma’am.

When we look at the night sky,

wee thousands of star. In reality,
there are approximately 400
billion stars in our galaxy, and
there are about 170 billion
galaxies. And we can see only
about 3,000 stars on the average.

Wow, stars are amazing,

ma’am.
Yes, of course they are truly are
amazing creations.

Based on this picture, which star

is bigger? Is it the Sirius or Rigel?
Ma’am, Sirius is bigger
compared to Rigel.

Can you really tell the size of a

star just by looking at it?
Yes, ma’am / No, ma’am

Sirius, which appears bigger than

Rigel, is actually very small to
Rigel. It only appears larger
because it is closer to us. Okay, ma’am.
Are there any questions about a
stars size class?
None, ma’am.

Okay let us proceed.

Is a star shaped like a diamond

class? What is a star’s shape No ma’am. Star is like a ball or
class? spherical.

Very good, stars are shaped like

spheres. The real stars don’t
actually have points or anything
similar. In fact, they are giant
spherical balls of plasma. We
tend to associate them with a
star shape for various reasons.
First, seen from the Earth, from
so far away, stars look like little
dots. Second, we are inclined to
think they are star shaped and
draw them accordingly because
our eyes actually see them as
having points.

After a certain size that depends

on their composition, objects in
space will always tend to be
shaped like a sphere. This is
because that is the shape that
minimizes the gravitational HYDROstatic? like water
potential energy of the system, ma’am?
creating a hydrostatic
equilibrium.

Yes, exactly like water. Solid

objects that are large enough –
even rocky ones like planets or
moons – start to behave in
certain ways like a liquid.

This is why all large objects in

space are shaped like a sphere,
None, ma’am.
including stars.

Is there any questions about the

shape of a star?

Ma’am, the stars are not

twinkling in reality.
If none, let us proceed.

Class, do stars really twinkle?

It is because sir of the Earth’s
atmosphere
That’s right! Then why do they
seem to twinkle at night?

Very good!

Stars do not really twinkle, they

just appear to twinkle when seen
from the surface of Earth. The
stars twinkle in the night sky
because of the effects of our
atmosphere. When starlight
enters our atmosphere it is
affected by winds in the
atmosphere and by areas with
different temperatures and
densities. This causes the light
from the star to twinkle when No, ma’am, I think stars have
seen from the ground. different colors

Are stars of the same color,

class?

Very good!

Star ranges from red to blue. The

color of the star indicates its
surface temperature.

I have here the table which

shows the surface temperature
and color of different nearby
stars, including the Sun.
Ma’am, the star’s color is based
 on surface temperature which
implies that cooler stars are
redder, hotter stars are bluer,
mid range temperatures are
white or yellow.

So, what can you notice based on

the table provided?

None, ma’am.

Very good!

So, are there any clarifications

regarding the relation of the
color of the star with it’s
temperature? No, ma’am / Yes, ma’am

That’s good.

Are the stars equally bright? And

why is it so?

Okay, ma’am.
Actually class, the closer a star is
to us, the brighter it will appear.
Also, stars come in a variety of
sizes and brightness. Larger stars Yes, ma’am.
usually shine more brightly that
smaller stars do. So, how bright a
star appears in the night sky
depends on its size and how far None, ma’am.
away from us it is.

Do you understand, now?

Anyone from the group, who

knows what is brightness? Okay, ma’am.

Brightness is the amount of light

the star radiates (luminosity)
taking into account its size and We don’t know yet, ma’am.
distance from Earth
(magnitude).

Now class, the brightness of a

star as seen from the Earth
depends on what 2 factors?

The brightness of a star as seen We don’t have any ideas,

from the Earth depends on the 2 ma’am.
following factors: the apparent
brightness and the absolute
brightness.

Anyone, who has an idea of what

is apparent brightness?

That's okay, apparent brightness

is the stars brightness as seen
from the Earth.

Apparent brightness depends on

how far a star is from the Earth.

Let’s take Sirius and Rigel to

illustrate the effect of distance to
apparent brightness. In terms of Okay, ma’am. We understood it.
distance from the Earth, Rigel is
almost 10 times farther away
than Sirius. In terms of apparent
brightness, Sirius is twice as We don’t know about absolute
bright as Rigel. Sirius look very brightness, ma’am.
bright when viewed from Earth
because it is closer to Earth.

How about absolute brightness?

Absolute brightness is the The different characteristics of

brightness the star would have if stars are size, shape, color and
all stars were the same standard surface temperature, ma’am.
distance from Earth size, shape,
temperature, color and
brightness.

So what are the different

characteristics of stars?
 Very good class!
ELABORATE Okay, class for better
10 mins understanding I have here a
short video clip that will explain
the characteristics of stars in
better detail.

https://youtu.be/EFO_bsg1sw8

What is video all about? The video is all about stars

ma’am.

Very good!

The stars are born from what we

called nebula which is a cloud of
dust and composed mostly of
hydrogen gas.

It also stated in the video that the

formation of stars starts at
stellar nurseries, which is an
area in outer space within a
dense nebula in which gas and
dust are contracting.

A few things to keep in mind is

that one star’s lifetime could be
many types of stars and change
 colors. Over time, a star
eventually dies. It may take
billions of years, but a star that
begins as a dwarf star may
change into a super giant. Each
star has a unique life cycle and
transition to different stars.

Are there any questions, class? None, ma’am.

That’s good to know. It only

meas that you really listened to
our discussion.
GENERALIZATION To summarize our discussion, let
5 mins us have this activity entitled:
“Find my Match for me!”

Direction: Match the questions in

Column A with its correct
answers in Column B.

Column A Column B

1. What are the characteristics of In terms of their sizes, color

the stars? and brightness.

2. Can you state the order of the Red, orange, yellow, white and
color of the star in terms of their blue.
ascending temperature?

3. What are the two factors

affecting the brightness of the apparent and absolute
 star? brightness.

4. What is apparent brightness?

Refers to brightness of the star

depending on how far is that
star from the Earth. In
apparent brightness, the
farthest star from the Earth
would possess lesser
brightness compared to those
nearest from the Earth.
5. How about absolute
brightness?

It is the brightness of the star if

all the stars were the same
standard distance from Earth.

All of your answers are correct. It

seems that you are now ready
for the evaluation.

Thank you, class for your

willingness to participate in our
discussion.
EVALUATE On a 1/2 sheet of paper answer
5 mins the following questions:
(Students answer the short
1. What is a star? quiz)

2. Give 4 characteristics of stars.

EXTEND “A new star has just been
10 mins discovered”

Direction: Create your own star

 through applying the different
characteristics of the stars that
was mentioned and give it a
name. If you decide to create a
dwarf star, then your facts
should stay consistent with the
white dwarf facts.

Rubrics for scoring:

Are the instructions clear, class? Yes, ma’am.

If you have any questions and

clarifications don’t hesitate to
approach me, okay?

Okay, ma’am.
V. Remarks
VI. Reflection

Prepared by:

Angel Hope S. Maceda

Student Teacher
 Checked by:

Erlinda Ladromo

Critic Teacher

Approved by:

Ma. Adea Baldestamon

Head Teacher III / OIC