Table of Contents

Introduction
Land Classification 7
Economy 7
Labor and Employment 7
Demography 9
Family Income and Expenditure 9
Climate 11
Disaster Risk 11
Climate Change and Hydrological Hazards 11
WSS Sector Status
Access to Safe Water 15
Drinking Water 15
Access to Sanitation 17
Water Resources
Surface Water 19
Groundwater 21
Water Use 21
Water Availability, Water Stress and Water Scarcity 21
Demand
Population Projection 22
Water Supply Demand 22
Water Demand vs. Water Resources Potential 22
WSS Infrastructure
Water Service Providers 25
Water Districts 25
LGU-Led Water Utilities 25
BWSA 25
RWSA 25
Sanitation
Open Defecation 27
Wastewater and Domestic Biological Oxygen Demand 27
Water Quality 31
Waterborne Diseases 31
WSS Sector Gaps
Issues, Constraints and Challenges 32
Regional Vision 34
Strategic Framework 34
Access Targets for Water and Sanitation 36
Strategic Interventions 38
Physical Interventions 39
Nonphysical interventions 39
Addressing the Gaps
Water Supply Investment Requirements 41
Physical Investments 41
Nonphysical Investments 41
Sanitation Investment Requirement 43
Physical Investments 43
Basic Sanitation Program 43
Septage Management Program 43
Sewerage Program 43
Nonphysical Investments 43
Proposed Projects and Programs 44
Identified Priority Projects (2019 - 2020) 47
Appendix
Appendix A: Provincial and HUC Profiles 48
 List of Tables Page
Table 1 Population per Province/HUC, 2015 9
Table 2 Urban and Rural Population per Province/HUC, 2015 9
Table 3 Seasonal Projections Under a Medium-Range Emission Scenario 11
Table 4 Frequency of Extreme Events in 2020 and 2050 Under a Medium-Range Emission Scenario 11

Table 5 National and Regional Access to Water Supply 15

Table 6 Access to Water Supply per Province/HUC 15

Table 7 National and Regional Access to Sanitation 17

Table 8 Access to Sanitation Facilities per Province/HUC 17

Table 9 Pampanga River Basin 19

Table 10 Pasig-Marikina-Laguna River Basin 19

Table 11 Aquifer Classes Based on MGB Aquifer Types 21

Table 12 Water Availability per Province 21

Table 13 Water Service Providers per Province 25

Table 14 Classification of Tributary Rivers in Region IV-A 31

Table 15 Main Industries and their Impacts on Water Quality of the River Basins 31

Table 16 Hindering and Facilitating Factors 33

Table 17 Strategies in Achieving Increased Access to Potable Water 34

Table 18 Proposed Strategic Interventions for Water Supply 38

Table 19 Proposed Strategic Interventions for Sanitation 38
Table 20 Capital Investments Required to Meet Water Supply Targets 39

Table 21 Institutional and Regulatory Reforms to Achieve Water Supply and Sanitation Goals 39

Table 22 Indirect Costs Employed 41

Table 23 Total Investment Costs for Water Supply Sector 41
Table 24 Total Investment Costs for Sanitation Sector 43

List of Figures Page

Figure 1 GRDP Contributions per Sector, 2016 7
Figure 2 Labor Force Participation Rate 7
Figure 3 Distribution of Expenditure, 2015 9

Figure 4 Main Sources of Water Supply, 2015 15

Figure 5 Provincial Access to Safe Water 15

Figure 6 Percentage of Households with Access to Sanitation Facilities 17

Figure 7 Existing Septage Treatment Plants 17

Figure 8 Water Resources Potential and Annual Rainfall 19

Figure 9 Consumptive Water Use, 2017 21

Figure 10 Water Availability Map, 2015 21

Figure 11 Projected Population 22

Figure 12 Projected Water Demand 22

Figure 13 Biological Oxygen Demand, 2015 27

Figure 14 Categories of Wastewater 27

Figure 15 Wastewater Produced, 2015 27

Figure 16 Waterless Municipalities, 2017 31

Figure 17 CALABARZON WSS Strategic Framework 35

Figure 18 Targeted Households with Access to Safe Water 36

Figure 19 Targeted Households with Access to Sanitation 36

Figure 20 Distribution of Investment Requirement per Province 44

Acronyms
AHFF Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry
AIP Annual Investment Plan
AM Assistance to Municipalities
BOD Biological Oxygen Demand
BWSA Barangay Water and Sanitation Association
CapEx Capital Expenditure
CALABARZON Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon
CBO Community-Based Organization
CENRO City Environment and Natural Resources Office
CNC Certificate of Noncoverage
DA Department of Agriculture
DAO Department Administrative Order
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
DILG Department of the Interior and Local Government
DJF December, January and February
DOH Department of Health
DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways
DTI Department of Trade and Industry
EMB Environmental Management Bureau
FA Financial Assistance
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
FHSIS Field Health Service Information System
FIES Family Income and Expenditure Survey
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product
GVA Gross Value Added
HH Household
HUC Highly Urbanized City
IEC Information, Education and Communication
IP Indigenous People
IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management
JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency
JJA June, July and August
LCE Local Chief Executive
LDP Local Development Plan
LFPR Labor Force Participation Rate
LGU Local Government Unit
LHB Local Housing Board
LSB Local School Board
LSSP Local Sustainable Sanitation Plan
LWSSP Local Water Supply and Sanitation Plan
LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MAM March, April and May
MDG Millenium Development Goals
MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau
MSME Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
NAMRIA National Mapping and Resource Information Authority
NCR National Capital Region
NDRRMC National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
NEDA National Economic and Development Authority
NGO Nongovernment Office
NRW Nonrevenue Water
NSSMP National Septage and Sewerage Master Plan
NWRB National Water Resources Board
O&M Operation and Maintenance
OBS Observed Baseline
OCD Office of Civil Defense
OD Open Defecation
 PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
PAWD Philippine Association of Water Districts
PDP Philippine Development Plan
PEM Philippine Environment Monitor
PENRO Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office
PNSDW Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water
PSA Philippine Statistics Authority
PSGC Philippine Standard Geographic Code
PWSSMP Philippine Water Supply and Sanitation Master Plan
RBCO River Basin Control Office
RDC Regional Development Council
RDP Regional Development Plan
ROW Right-of-Way
RWSA Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association
RWS Rural Water System
SALINTUBIG Sagana at Ligtas na Tubig
SDG Sustainable Development Goals
SGLG Seal of Good Local Governance
SMC Septage Management Committee
SMERA Small and Medium Enterprise Roving Academy
SMP Septage Management Program
SON September, October and November
STP Septage Treatment Plant
SSF Shared Service Facilities
SWTP Surface Water Treatment Plant
TC Tropical Cyclone
UN United Nations
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
IHP Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator
WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
WD Water District
WGS World Geodetic System
WHO World Health Organization
WQMA Water Quality Management Area
WRR Water Resources Region
WSP Water Service Provider
WSS Water Supply and Sanitation
WSSPMO Water Supply and Sanitation Program Management Office
ZOD Zero Open Defecation

Units
% percent
°C degree Celsius
CY Calendar Year
km² square kilometer
km kilometer
lpcd liters per capita per day
lps liters per second
m³ cubic meter
MCM million cubic meter
mm millimeter
mg/L milligrams per liter
PhP Philippine peso
6
 Region IV-A
CALABARZON
Introduction CALABARZON
Region IV-A is located The region likewise has maintained a large agricultural
base comprising approximately 588,500 hectares of land.
southwest of Luzon, and This makes up 36.3% of the region’s total land area.
Cavite boasts about 70,500 hectares of agricultural land.
south and east of Metro Region IV-A boasts 31 industrial estates and economic
Manila. zones where there is a big supply base of semi-
processed industrial raw materials.
It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea and Bicol Laguna is home to the International Rice Research
Region, on the south by Verde Island Passage, and on Institute (IRRI), the world’s premier rice research
the west by Luzon Sea. organization. It maintains its headquarters in Los Baños.
Known by the acronym CALABARZON, Region IV-A has The province is dubbed the country’s “automotive capital”
a total land area of 16,873.31 square kilometers (km2). It because it is where most automotive assemblers are
comprises five provinces: Cavite (accounting for 9.32% of found. Also known as the “Silicon Valley of the
the region’s land area), Laguna (11.37%), Batangas Philippines”, Laguna has become a powerhouse in the
(18.4%), Rizal (7.06%), and Quezon (excluding Lucena electronics and semiconductor industry in which famous
City) (53.28%). locators (such as Samsung, Toshiba, etc) have set up
business.
It has one highly urbanized city (HUC) (Lucena City in
Quezon), 18 component cities and 4,011 barangays. Its Batangas has the second largest international seaport in
regional center is Calamba (in Laguna). the country (next to the port of Manila). It is a tourist
destination famous for its beaches and diving resorts. It is
The region is blessed with varied land forms, consisting known for its pineapples (whose leaves are processed as
of flat coastal areas, upland interior areas of slightly jusi fabric). It is also widely known for its livestock
moderate rolling or undulating plains and hills, and industry, notably cattle raising, and for its native liqueurs
mountains. called lambanog and tuba.
Quezon is the country’s top producer of coconut products
such as copra and coconut oil.
Land Classification
Vast tracts of land in Rizal are planted to high-value fruits
The region’s total land area accounts for 15% and 6% of such as cashew, rambutan and avocado. Aquaculture is
the land area of Luzon and of the entire country, a major industry in Rizal which accounts for about 56% of
respectively. About 35% is forestland and 65% is the total area of Laguna Lake where tilapia, bangus, and
alienable and disposable land. big head carp are cultured or grown commercially in fish
Forest reserves and timberland comprise 6% and 26% of pens.
its forestland, respectively. The rest are vast tracts of The rich culture and history of the region have also
public land such as national parks, military, naval and immensely contributed to the growth of the tourism
civil reservation, and land for fishpond development.1 industry in the region.3

Economy Labor and Employment

The 2016 CountryStat Philippines for CALABARZON CALABARZON maintains a high employment rate of
reports that the industry sector has turned in the largest 92%.4 About 90.3% of its total workforce is in the service
contribution to the Gross Regional Domestic Product and industry sectors while only 9.74% works in the
(GRDP) followed by the service sector and lastly by the agriculture sector.
agriculture, hunting, fishery and forestry (AHFF) sector.
As of 2015, the region’s Labor Force Participation Rate
The region contributed 16.8% to the country’s Gross
(LFPR) was recorded at 65%. The slow increase in the
Domestic Product (GDP).2
labor force can be attributed to the “mismatch” between
the job market and prospective applicants’ educational
background, and to the lack of interest in finding gainful
employment especially among children of overseas
Filipino workers.5

1
Region IV-A Department of Environment
and Natural Resources, Land Area and
Classification by Province, 2005
2
Philippine Statistics Authority, CountryStat
Philippines, 2016
3
Department of Trade and Industry, Re-
gional Profile of CALABARZON, 2017
4
National Economic and Development
Authority Region IV-A, Regional Develop-
ment Plan, 2017-2022
5
Philippine Statistics Authority, CountryStat
Philippines, 2016
Figure 1: GRDP Contributions per Sector, 2016

Figure 2: Labor Force Participation Rate

7
Population Density
PSA, 2015 Census

8
 Figure 3: Distribution of Expenditure, 2015

Demography Family Income and Expenditure

The region had a population of 14,414,774 in the last There are about 3,251 families in CALABARZON, with an
census year (2015) accounting for 14% of the country’s estimated total average annual income of PhP1,013,942
total population. and a total average annual expenditure of PhP875,400.
There was an annual average population increase of Across all the income classes in the region, all exhibited
2.58% from 2010 to 2015. Of the five provinces in the having average expenditure lower than the average
region, Cavite had the largest population with 3.67 million income.
while Quezon had the smallest population at 1.85 million. A family of five has the largest income-expenditure
Lucena City’s population was estimated at 266,248.
difference, while a single-person household has the least
Table 1 shows the distribution of the population and
income-expenditure difference. This shows that the
density per province.
former has more savings compared to other family sizes.
The population density of the region averaged 850
With respect to the disbursement patterns of the families
persons per km2 in 2015. Among the five provinces, Rizal
in the region and across income levels, the 2015 Family
had the highest density at 2,400 persons per km2, about
Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) reveals that food
ten times larger than that of Quezon. The map on the left
shows that a large percentage of the population of expenditure registered the highest among the major
CALABARZON is concentrated in the cities as well as expenditure groups at 39.8%. Expenditure for house
along the coastal areas. rental/rental value followed at 11.6% and that for water,
electricity, gas and other fuels at 7.40%.
The region is predominantly urban; rural dwellers account
for only 10% of its population. Household size in the Figure 3 graphs the expenditure distribution and shows
region averaged at 4.23 persons. (see Table 2) that most families spend more for their basic needs.6

Table 1: Population per Province/HUC, 2015

Land Area Population Density

Region/Province/City Population
km2 Persons/km2

CALABARZON 14,414,774 16,873.31 850

Batangas 2,694,335 3,119.75 860
Cavite 3,678,301 1,574.17 2,300
Laguna 3,035,081 1,917.85 1,600
Quezon (excluding
1,856,582 8,989.39 210
Lucena City)
Rizal 2,884,227 1,191.94 2,400
Lucena City 266,248 80.21 3,300

Table 2: Urban and Rural Population per Province/HUC, 20157

Region/Province/City Urban Rural HH Size

CALABARZON 90% 10% 4.23
Batangas 34% 66% 4.38
Cavite 63% 37% 4.17
Laguna 72% 28% 3.95
Quezon (excluding
20% 80% 4.35 6
Philippine Statistics Authority, Family
Lucena City)
Income and Expenditure Survey, 2015
7
Rizal 93% 7% 4.41 Philippine Statistics Authority, Philippine
Standard Geographic Code, 2015
Lucena City 90% 10% 4.43

9
Climate
PAGASA, 2015 Data

10
Climate Climate Change and
According to the Modified Coronas Classification,
CALABARZON has three types of climate namely, Type
Hydrological Hazards
I, Type II and Type III. Type I has two pronounced The Philippines is a country at greatest risk of climate-
seasons, i.e., dry from November to April, and wet the related hazards, such as tropical cyclones (TCs), floods,
rest of the year. Type II has no dry season with a very droughts and sea level rise. The effects of observed
pronounced maximum rain period from December to changes in extreme events and severe climate anomalies
February. Type III has no very pronounced maximum rain include: (a) an increased occurrence of extreme rains
period with a dry season lasting only from one to three causing floods and landslides, (b) longer and more
months, that is, from March to May. intense droughts which cause massive crop failures,
water shortages and forest fires, and (c) increased
occurrence of TCs.
Disaster Risk Global climate models, which were used to run two
Because of the region’s geographical location, it is highly possible scenarios (A1B and A2), were downscaled to
susceptible to typhoon- and flood-related disasters. From calculate projected Philippine rainfall. All the studies
2010 to 2016, several typhoons struck the region, the show a general increase in rainfall for 2020, 2050 and
strongest of which was Typhoon Glenda which made beyond. However, the models show higher variability in
landfall in the Bicol Region, CALABARZON and Metro rainfall with increased peak rainfall during the wet season
Manila in 2014. and longer dry conditions during the dry season. (Rainfall
variability means changes in water supply dynamics
That year, CALABARZON recorded the highest number
spatially and year-to-year.)
of disasters, i.e., 50, and the greatest number of people
affected (around 1,849,000). From 2015 to 2016, Water supply is extremely vulnerable to changes in river
however, the total number of typhoon victims decreased flows and the rate of replenishment of the groundwater
— 55,000 in 2015 and 179,000 in 2016.8 resources. Lower river flows will result in water
shortages. More intense rainfall events may not
According to the Policy Notes published by the Philippine
necessarily mean more groundwater recharge compared
Institute for Development Studies, the region has
to rain that is more evenly spread throughout the year.
experienced an annual average of 5 typhoons. The
Less than average rainfall or longer pronounced dry days
number of typhoons that visited this region was greater
may affect soil porosity and vegetation, which could lead
than that which crossed other regions — a total of 39
to reduced soil infiltration rates. This means less
typhoons hit CALABARZON from 2007 to 2010.
groundwater recharge. Given this scenario, more water
Because of its topography and geomorphology, the stress will likely be experienced by 2020 and 2050.
region is moderately to highly susceptible to landslides,
The projected seasonal temperature increase, seasonal
debris flow, and rockslides along the foot slopes of
rainfall change and frequency of extreme events
mountainous areas. The geographic setting of the region
(temperatures > 35°C, days when rainfall > 300 mm and
tends to contribute to the increasing number and
number of dry days) in Region IV-A based on the
frequency of natural disasters in the area.
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration (PAGASA) downscaled climate
projections are shown in Tables 3 and 4. Four seasons
are provided: DJF for December, January and February,
MAM for March, April and May, JJA for June, July and
August and SON for September, October and November.
The findings of the projections were added to the
observed values in the past 30-year baseline (1971-
2000).
Table 3: Seasonal Projections Under a Medium-Range Emission Scenario
Seasonal Temperature Observed Baseline Change in 2020 Change in 2050
Increases (in °C) (1971 - 2000) (2006-2035) (2036-2065)

Province DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON
Batangas 24.2 26.5 25.9 25.6 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.9 2.2 1.8 1.9
Cavite 25.7 28.2 27.3 26.9 1 1.2 0.9 1 2 2.2 1.8 1.9
Laguna 25 27.5 27.5 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.9
Quezon 25.1 27.2 27.6 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 2 1.8
Rizal 25.4 27.9 27.6 26.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 1 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9
Seasonal Rainfall Change Observed Baseline Change in 2020 Change in 2050
(in %) (1971 - 2000) (2006-2035) (2036-2065)
Province DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON DJF MAM JJA SON
Batangas 24.2 26.5 25.9 25.6 1 1.2 0.9 1 1.9 2.2 1.8 1.9

Cavite 25.7 28.2 27.3 26.9 1 1.2 0.9 1 2 2.2 1.8 1.9
Laguna 25 27.5 27.5 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.9
Quezon 25.1 27.2 27.6 26.7 0.9 1.1 1 0.9 1.8 2.1 2 1.8
Rizal 25.4 27.9 27.6 26.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 1 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.9

Table 4: Frequency of Extreme Events in 2020 and 2050 Under a Medium-Range Emission Scenario
No. of Days w/ Tmax > 35oC No. of Dry Days No. of Days w/ Rainfall > 300 mm
Province Station
OBS 2020 2050 OBS 2020 2050 OBS 2020 2050
Batangas Ambulong 928 8010 8016 8226 6081 6049 6 14 9
Cavite Sangley 630 1697 2733 7352 6635 6565 6 9 9
Alabat 52 132 733 6629 7025 7042 20 58 70
Tayabas 22 791 1434 771 4717 4668 17 9 12
Quezon 8
Office of Civil Defense, National Disaster
Casiguran 575 1720 2768 6893 4520 4887 23 54 57
Risk Reduction Management Council
Infanta 350 378 1112 5903 4006 4015 22 39 34

11
Contour Map
NAMRIA

12
Average Rainfall
PAGASA, 2015 Data

13
Access to Safe Drinking Water
PSA, 2015 Census

14
 WSS Sector Status
Access to Safe Water Table 6 shows safe water access in 2015 at the
provincial level.
About 92% of CALABARZON had access to Table 6: Access to Water Supply per Province/HUC11
classified water sources in 2015.9
Region/Province/City Access to Safe Water Supply
This figure is equivalent to around 2,998 households
CALABARZON 88.5%
(HHs) out of the total 3,251 HHs. About 60.84% of
households have Level III service connection in their own Batangas 92.0%
homes while 10.24% utilize Level II connections which Cavite 74.9%
are shared with the community. Access to Level I service
Laguna 90.9%
comprises 28.92%.
Quezon 95.0%
Safe sources of water under this category include tubed
and/or piped deep/shallow wells (which users themselves Rizal 94.8%
own or share with the community), and protected springs, Lucena City 100.0%
rivers, streams, etc.
The region’s access to safe water is higher than the
national average of about 4.51%. In terms of access per
level of service, CALABARZON’s numbers do not differ
significantly from the national figures — there is a
difference of only around 10%-15%.

Table 5: National and Regional Access to Water Supply10

Level of Service National CALABARZON

Level III 44.1% 60.84%
Level II 11.2% 10.24%
Level I (Safe Sources) 32.4% 21.13%
Subtotal (Safe 87.7% 92.21%
Sources)
Level I (Unsafe Sources) 12.3% 7.79%
Total 100.0% 100%

Figure 4 shows the percentage distribution of the region’s

various water sources.

Figure 5: Provincial Access to Safe Water

Drinking Water
In terms of access to safe drinking water, the Philippine
Statistics Authority (PSA) has released data up to the
municipal level based on the latest 2015 Census. The
classification of sources for drinking water is the same as
that for sources of safe water with the addition of bottled
water.
As of 2015, 95% of the population of Region IV-A has
access to drinking water from improved and safe water
sources. Of the region’s total population, 36% drinks
bottled water.
About 60% of Cavite’s population drinks bottled water —
the highest among CALABARZON’s provinces followed
by Laguna at 47%. Quezon registered comparatively
lower access to safe drinking water at around 84%.
The map on the left shows the extent of access to safe
drinking water at the municipal level
Figure 4: Main Sources of Water Supply, 2015 9
Philippine Statistics Authority, Family
Income and Expenditure Survey, 2015
10
Ibid.
11
Based on CALABARZON provinces’
first-hand data on access to safe water
(gathered during the regional consultation
and planning workshop)

15
Access to Sanitation
CALABARZON Regional Consultation and Planning Workshop, 2017 Data

16
Access to Sanitation
CALABARZON has become a rapidly growing region
owing to the continued growth of its industry and services
sector. This has greatly contributed to the increase in
demand for sanitation services.

About 88% of the region’s population has

access to improved sanitation.
3.60

PSA’s 2015 FIES has reported that in terms of improved

sanitation, CALABARZON had wider access as
compared to the national average but had a more limited
access to basic sanitation when compared to the national
percentage. The regional percentage with regard to open
defecation was lower than the national percentage (open
defecation being a proxy indicator for the absence of
toilet facilities).

Figure 6: Percentage of Households with Access to Sanitation Facilities

Table 7: National and Regional Access to Sanitation12
Sanitation Coverage National CALABARZON
Figure 6 shows the percentage per type of sanitation facilities
Improved Sanitation 73.77% 88.03% CALABARZON households have access to. Sanitation
Basic Sanitation 19.96% 9.20% facilities (as shown in said figure) represent the initial stages
of the sanitation ladder in the region.
Unimproved Sanitation 2.04% 0.38%
While one of the main objectives of the Philippine
Open Defecation 4.23% 2.39%
Development Plan (PDP) is to achieve universal access to
Total 100.0% 100.0% sustainable sanitation by 2030, SDG 6.2 highlights the need
to broaden the definition of sanitation access, that is, to
include safely managed and improved sanitation through the
Table 8: Access to Sanitation Facilities per Province/HUC13 treatment of wastewater or fecal sludge on-site or off-site.
HHs with Complete Data on access to sanitation at the provincial level in
HHs with
Region/Province Basic Sanitation CALABARZON were gathered during the regional
Sanitary Toilets
Facilities consultation and planning workshop. The map on the left
CALABARZON 93.36% 81.72% shows the extent of access to sanitation of the provinces in
Batangas
the region.
89.31% 65.45%
Cavite 94.26% 89.05%
Figure 7, on the other hand, shows the few existing septage
treatment plants in the region. One is located at Bai, Laguna.
Laguna 88.27% 80.84% It was constructed by EnviroKonsult in partnership with the
Quezon 84.50% 55.89% local governments of Laguna. This initiative demonstrates
Rizal 135.76% 116.86% that the soft components of a sanitation project are as
important as its hard infrastructure components. It
Lucena City 78.07% 77.42%
showcases a modular technology, where the vital mechanical
parts can be relocated.
Another septage treatment plant is expected to operate in
The minor discrepancy between Tables 6 and 7 with
Lipa City, Batangas.
respect to totals and averages highlights the difficulty of
reconciling the definition of sanitation coverage under the
Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and a more
stratified and specific access definition under the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Table 7 reflects
data per the new definitions prescribed by the SDG.
Table 8, on the other hand, reflects data under the MDG,
where the percentage of households with complete basic
sanitation facilities is a subset of the percentage of
households with sanitary toilets.
Categorization of the facilities as per SDG definitions is
as follows:

Improved Sanitation Water-sealed sewer septic tank

(exclusive use)
Basic Sanitation Water-sealed sewer septic tank
(shared)
Water-sealed other depository
(exclusive use)
Water-sealed other depository
(shared)
Closed Pit
Unimproved Sanitation Open Pit
Open Defecation Other Means
None

12
Philippine Statistics Authority, Family
Income and Expenditure Survey, 2015
13
Department of Health, FHSIS Annual
Report CY 2015
14
Based on CALABARZON provinces’
first-hand data on access to safe water
Figure 7: Existing Septage Treatment Plants14 (gathered during the regional consulta-
tion and planning workshop)

17
CALABARZON Rivers and Tributaries
DENR, NWRB, NAMRIA

18
 Water Resources
CALABARZON ranks 2nd Table 9: Pampanga River Basin Characteristics
Pampanga River Basin16
among all administrative Area 10,434 km2
River Classification Class A/C
regions with the least water Scope
Pangasinan Region I
resources potential. Nueva Vizcaya Region II
The region’s water resources potential totals 2,611 Nueva Ecija Region III
million cubic meters (MCM)/year, taking up only about Tarlac Region III
1.8% of the country’s total. Pampanga Region III
Bulacan Region III
The water resources potential of an area is divided into
Aurora Region III
groundwater and surface water. Groundwater potential is
estimated at 473 MCM/year while surface water potential Zambales Region III
is estimated at 2,138 MCM/year. Annual rainfall in the Bataan Region III
region averages 1,700 mm/year. Rizal Region IV-A
Quezon Region IV-A
These figures are based on the estimation of the
potential of the country’s water resources regions (WRR) Domestic, Municipal, Agricultur-
al, Aquaculture, Livestock, Ener-
(see National Databook). The WRRs do not necessarily Uses
gy, Industrial, Recreation and
coincide with the boundaries of the administrative Others
regions. These hydrological boundaries are defined by
their physiographic features and homogeneity in climate. Table 10: Pasig-Marikina-Laguna River Basin Characteristics
WRR 4 straddles two administrative regions — Pasig-Marikina-Laguna River Basin17
CALABARZON and MIMAROPA. Area 4522.7 km²
Watershed 3651.5 km²
Lake 871.2 km²
Surface Water River Classification Class A/C
Two major river basins are found in CALABARZON Scope
namely, Pampanga River Basin and Pasig-Marikina- National Capital Region NCR
Laguna River Basin. Tables 9 and 10 show a description
Bulacan Region III
and the scope of each river basin.
Rizal Region IV-A
Laguna Region IV-A
Cavite Region IV-A
Domestic, Municipal, Agricultur-
al, Aquaculture, Livestock, Ener-
Uses
gy, Industrial, Recreation and
Flood Control

15
JICA Master Plan on Water Resources
Figure 8: Water Resources Potential and Annual Rainfall15 Management in the Philippines, 1998;
NWRB; PAGASA Rainfall Data; FAO
16
River Basin Control Office, Pampanga
River Basin Master Plan, 2011
17
UNESCO-IHP, Catalogue of Rivers for
Southeast Asia and the Pacific—Volume
V, 2004, Accessed from http://
hywr.kuciv.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ihp/
riverCatalogue/Vol_05

19
Groundwater Availability Map
MGB

20
Groundwater Water Availability, Water Stress,
Groundwater conditions are controlled by geology, and Water Scarcity
topography, and the structure of the groundwater basin.
The structure of the groundwater basin consists of Hydrologists typically assess scarcity by looking at the
distribution and hydrogeological conditions such as the population-water equation. An area is experiencing water
aquifer structure and aquicludes, the physical stress when annual water supplies drop below 1,700 m3
characteristics of the formations as per transmissibility per person. When annual water supplies drop below
and storage coefficient and chemical characteristics of 1,000 m3 per person, the population faces water scarcity,
groundwater. These factors need be defined in relation to and below 500 m3 ‘absolute scarcity.’ (UN Water, n.d.)18
the possible development depth and overall development Water availability per capita is computed by comparing
potential. the region and provinces’ water potential against the
2015 population (see Table 12).
In addition, the extent of groundwater availability in any
given area also depends on its surface area and the CALABARZON has a per capita water availability of
amount of precipitation it receives. Furthermore, it is also around 214 m3/year — a figure way below said threshold.
tied to groundwater storage which is estimated based on According to the standards given, Region IV-A is already
the type and class of aquifer present in a study area (see experiencing absolute water scarcity.
Table 11).
Table 12: Water Availability per Province
Table 11: Aquifer Classes Based on MGB Aquifer Types
Water Availability (m3/capita/yr),
Estimated Yields Province/ Region
2015
Aquifer Class MGB Aquifer Type (Boreholes Unless
Stated) Batangas 179
Intergranular: extensive Cavite 66
Mostly 50-100 lps
and highly productive
Major Aquifer
Fractured: fairly Laguna 98
(Highly
permeable) extensive and productive 3-50 lps, spring yields Quezon 661
(aquifers with high up to 1000 lps
potential recharge) Rizal 64
Intergranular: fairly CALABARZON 214
About 20 lps
extensive and productive
Minor Aquifer
Intergranular: local and
(Variably Mostly 2-20 lps
less productive
permeable)
Fractured: less extensive
Well yields up to 3 lps
and productive
Rocks with limited Yields mostly less
Non-aquifer groundwater potential than 1 lps
(Negligibly Rocks without any
permeable) Yields mostly less
significant known
than 1 lps
groundwater

CALABARZON is predominantly underlain by the minor

aquifer class (specifically local and less productive
aquifers). Quezon’s western part and the region’s other
provinces are underlain by non-aquifer areas that have
limited groundwater potential.

Water Use
As of 2017, water use in the region based on awarded
water permits amounted to about 29,529 MCM annually.
A large volume thereof — about 19,343 MCM (or 66%) —
was allocated for power generation and nonconsumptive
use. The remaining 10,186 MCM was reserved for
consumptive use (see Figure 9).
The industrial sector consumes the greatest volume of
water among all the sectors with 37% allocation. The
domestic sector consumes 30.8% while the irrigation Figure 10: Water Availability Map, 2015
sector consumes only 24.8%.

18
Managing Water Report under Uncer-
tainty and Risk, UN World Water Devel-
opment Report 4 (Volume 1)
19
National Water Resources Board’s List
Figure 9: Consumptive Water Use, 201719 of Water Permit Grantees, 2017

21
 Demand
Population Projection Water Demand vs. Water
Population projection is important in estimating the future Resources Potential
water and sanitation demand of a study area. It is a study The water demand of the industrial, business and
of a recorded pattern of past population growth that domestic sectors in the region is expected to significantly
seeks to establish future trends. increase in the near future. The efficient use and
Employing PSA’s 2010-based population projections management of available water resources, therefore,
which were adjusted to conform with the actual 2015 must be ensured to promote universal access to stable
and steady water supply.
population, the future population of the region and its
provinces has been projected. By 2045, CALABARZON’s Comparing the projected water demand (1,212 MCM/
population would have grown to 23,323,049. year) to the water resources potential of the region (2,611
MCM/year), it has been observed that the water potential
far exceeds the region’s projected water demand up to
Water Supply and Demand 2045. However, the fact that the region is experiencing
water scarcity concludes that the utilization of the
Water demand projection is fundamental to water supply region’s water resources is not being maximized.
feasibility studies and preliminary engineering design. It It must also be noted that the projected water demand for
also serves as an important tool in the preparation of the region does not include that of its agricultural sector,
master plans, considering the future needs of a growing which consumes the largest volume of water among all
population. In general, total water demand is equal to the industry sectors. What appears to be abundant may be
sum of the domestic, commercial, industrial, institutional, less once the agriculture sector uses its “share”. It is
and unaccounted-for water. estimated that agriculture takes up about 75% to 80% of
the total consumptive use of water in the country.
In projecting water demand, the unit consumption used
was 120 liters per capita per day (lpcd) for an urban Proper water management is imperative to control
population, and 60 lpcd for a rural population. In the possible demand shifts. Approaches to water resources
National Capital Region (NCR) and other HUCs, 150 lpcd management may include utilization and proper use of
and 80 lpcd were used for urban and rural populations, existing water resources.
respectively. To enable the region to reach its full groundwater and
Computation for water demand at the household level, in surface water potential, however, the issue of mining
particular, was primarily based on the degree of activities in the region (adversely affecting its water
urbanization of a barangay. resources and watersheds) and the impact of climate
change have to be immediately addressed. This initiative
Water demand projections were conducted based on the is expected to ensure sustainable sources of water
estimated projected population. By 2022, 2030, and supply for domestic and industrial use.
2040, the total water demand of the region is projected to
reach 868 MCM/year, 1,033 MCM/year, and 1,212 MCM/
year, respectively.

Figure 11: Projected Population

Figure 12: Projected Water Demand

22
2015 Population 2040 Population Projection

2040 Water Demand Projection

2015 Water Demand 23
Water Districts and Areas Covered by Level III Service
LWUA, PAWD, NWRB Listahang Tubig, 2017 Data

24
 WSS Infrastructure
Water service providers Listahang Tubig or are continually updating their
operations data.
(WSPs) of various
Water Districts
management types serve As of 2015, there are 69 WDs serving Region IV-A, 61 of
which are operational and 8 are nonoperational. About
around 39% of the 48% (or 6.9 million) of its total population is covered. Of
CALABARZON20. this percentage, only 59% (4.1 million) of the population
has access to water supplied by the WDs.
These management types depend on the service areas Cavite has the highest coverage at 80% while Quezon
(urban and rural), the number of potential water has the lowest coverage with only 45%.
connections, and the level of service given.
For small urban towns and rural areas, community-based LGU-Led Water Utilities
organizations (CBOs) – which include rural waterworks There are 169 LGU-led water utilities within the region
and sanitation associations (RWSA), barangay water and covering 43 areas and serving 334,191 users or 2% of
sanitation associations (BWSA), and water cooperatives the total population.
– operate supply systems offering services at Level II
(and in some cases, Level I). As the area grows and BWSA
becomes more urbanized or more densely populated,
There are 543 BWSA utilities within the region serving 44
water service providers mostly comprise water districts
areas and about 2% of its total population. Quezon has
(WDs) and LGU-run utilities providing Level III service.
330 BWSA utilities — the highest number of water
Areas that do not have access to any formal level of service providers. Batangas has the highest number of
service rely on point sources, such as shallow and deep service users — about 90,915.
wells.
RWSA
There are 137 RWSA utilities within the region serving
Water Supply Service Providers 154,335 people or about 1% of its total population.
Batangas has the highest number of RWSAs and users
The percentage of the population having access to or of this water service.
being served by these WSPs does not conform with the
The map on the left shows the location of operational and
percentage in PSA’s FIES 2015 mainly because the
nonoperational WDs in the region as well as barangays
former came from various sources21, with the bulk of the
provided with Level III water service by various WSPs
data coming from Listahang Tubig of the National Water
(except WDs).
Resources Board (NWRB).
Although such information gives an insight into the state
of the region’s water utilities, it cannot be ascertained if
all WSPs in the region have already registered under

Table 13: Water Service Providers per Province

Population Served
Province/Region No. of LGUs Type and No. of WSPs Service Area
Total %
WDs 4 298,515 145,744 49%
LGU-led 0 - 0%
Rizal 14 BWSA 0 - 0%
RWSA 0 - 0%
Private/Others 22 123,070 4%
Subtotal 26 2,884,227 268,814 9%
WDs 12 1,807,603 1,453,350 80%
LGU-led 13 20,680 1%
Cavite 23 BWSA 8 1,895 0%
RWSA 6 6,250 0%
Private/Others 121 317,085 9%
Subtotal 160 3,678,301 1,799,260 49%
WDs 14 1,813,923 1,031,726 57%
LGU-led 18 136,186 4%
Laguna 30 BWSA 118 75,485 2%
RWSA 3 11,250 0%
Private/Others 62 182,525 6%
Subtotal 215 3,035,081 1,437,172 47%
WDs 19 1,753,904 923,836 53%
LGU-led 56 84,015 3%
Batangas 34 BWSA 87 90,915 3%
RWSA 99 122,910 5%
Private/Others 148 120,929 4%
Subtotal 409 2,694,335 1,342,605 50%
WDs 20 1,254,329 560,939 45%
LGU-led 82 93,310 4%
Quezon 41 BWSA 330 60,675 3%
RWSA 29 13,925 1%
Private/Others 97 54,285 3%
Subtotal 558 2,122,830 783,134 37%
WDs 69 6,928,274 4,115,595 59%
LGU-led 169 334,191 2%
CALABARZON 142 BWSA 543 228,970 2%
RWSA 137 154,335 1% 20
Based on registered WSPs in Lista-
Private/Others 450 797,894 6% hang Tubig (as of 2017)
21
Grand Total 1,368 14,414,774 5,630,985 39% LWUA, PAWD, NWRB Listahang Tubig

25
 Open Defecation
PSA, 2015 Data

26
 Sanitation
Sanitation is the provision of facilities and services for the The industrial and agricultural wastewater generation
safe management and disposal of human waste. Without may be estimated using the guidelines provided by the
sanitation, water quality degrades, health is compromised WHO Rapid Assessment of Sources of Air, Water, and
and the environment is adversely affected. Land Pollution. Estimations, however, heavily depend on
sectoral data not currently available to the Consulting
This section discusses the link between growing water
Team.
demand and its detrimental effects on water quality and
public health. Industrial wastewater generated is computed by industry
type and depends on the present and future annual
volume of production output per type. Agricultural
Open Defecation wastewater generation and BOD estimation, on the other
hand, are based on the present and future annual
As defined by the Joint Monitoring Program (JMP) for number of heads of livestock and poultry produced.
Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene of the World
Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations
Children’s Fund (UNICEF), open defecation is the
practice by which people go out into the fields, bushes,
forests, open bodies of water, or other open spaces
rather than use the toilet to defecate. This can pollute the
environment and cause a host of health problems.
Region IV-A’s open defecation rate of 2.39% is half that
of the national average. In 2015, about 344,513 people in
the region were reported practicing open defecation
because many areas are waterless and have no access
to sanitation facilities.
The map on the left shows the areas in the region where
open defecation is most prevalent.

Wastewater and Domestic

Biological Oxygen Demand
A measure of the organic strength of wastes in water is
biological oxygen demand (BOD), which is the rate at
Figure 14: Categories of Wastewater
which organisms use the oxygen in water or wastewater
while stabilizing decomposable organic matter under In the absence of other data, only domestic BOD can be
aerobic conditions. The greater the BOD, the greater the estimated. A BOD factor of 37 grams per person per day
degree of organic pollution. (unit pollution load) is assumed; for highly urbanized
The map below shows the BOD in CALABARZON in areas, 53 grams22 per person per day is used.
2015. The wastewater23 produced by each province is directly
proportional to its water demand as well as its population.
It is assumed that wastewater generated is 80% of the
total water demand. The wastewater produced in the
region in 2015 is shown in Figure 15.
BOD and wastewater projections until 2040 are shown in
the succeeding pages.

PLACEHOLDER ONLY
(TO INSERT 2015 BOD)

Figure 13: Biological Oxygen Demand, 2015 22

Philippine Environment Monitor (PEM),
2003
23
Ibid.

27
Figure 15: Wastewater Produced, 2015
 BOD Projection, 2020 BOD Projection, 2025

28 BOD Projection, 2030 BOD Projection, 2040

Wastewater Projection, 2020 Wastewater Projection, 2025

Wastewater Projection, 2030 Wastewater Projection, 2040 29

Areas with Water Quality Problems
Water Districts’ Water Quality Monitoring Data, LWUA, 2015

30
Water Quality Waterborne Diseases
Water quality measures how good water is in terms of Waterborne diseases are generally transmitted through
supporting its beneficial uses and fulfilling its water where pathogenic microorganisms live. These
environmental values. It is water relative to its use and diseases can be spread while bathing, washing, or
measured in terms of its physical, chemical, biological drinking water, or by eating food exposed to
and radiological characteristics. It is most frequently used contaminated water.24
by reference to a set of standards against which
In 2015, 7 cases of cholera, 1 case of schistosomiasis
compliance can be assessed.
and 97 cases of typhoid and paratyphoid were reported
As discussed in the water resources section of this in CALABARZON (although there were no reports of
report, CALABARZON has two major river basins. Table acute watery diarrhea), according to the Field Health
14 shows a list of tributary rivers of the river basins with Services Information System (FHSIS). This is an
their corresponding classifications. indication that many residents in the region still have no
safe access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.
Table 14: Classification of Tributary Rivers in Region IV-A
Comparing the areas with waterborne diseases to those
River Class areas without access to water, we can determine a
Pampanga A/C connection between the two.
Pampanga River Coronell -
Basin Peñaranda - As of 2017, the Department of the Interior and Local
Chico - Governance (DILG) reported 18 waterless
Sta. Maria - municipalities25 in the CALABARZON region (see map
Siniloan - below).
Pagsanjan -
Sta. Cruz - These towns were found to have limited access to safe
San Juan C (drinking) water, and that people are forced to resort to
Cristobal - other doubtful and unsafe sources of water. Doing so
Pasig-Marikina-
Biñan - increases their exposure to various waterborne diseases.
Laguna River Basin
Marikina A/C
Morong -
Marilao A/C
Tuliahan C
Imus -
Pasig C

It is a fact that these river basins have been threatened

by the indiscriminate or illegal discharge and disposal of
industrial, agricultural and domestic waste. Table 15
shows the prevailing causes and effects of such waste on
the river basins in Region IV-A.
Open defecation, improper solid waste management and
improper farming practices (such as kaingin) contribute to
the further degradation of water bodies and the quality of
the water thereof.
Based on the wastewater projection maps, most of the
region’s cities and growing municipalities have higher
demand compared to that in other areas. These areas
generate more wastewater and wastes that, if left
untreated and unmanaged, would pollute existing and
future water sources, and increase the incidence of
waterborne diseases.
The map on the left shows the areas whose water
sources have exhibited signs of poor water quality. The
data are based on the water quality reports submitted by
WDs to the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA).
Data on water supply sources that are not covered or
owned by WDs are not reflected on this map.
Figure 16: Waterless Municipalities, 2017

Table 15: Main Industries and their Impacts on Water Quality of the River Basins
Source Impact/Potential Waste Generated
Industrial, Agricultural and Aquaculture
Effluent and garbage from factories, settlement areas, livestock
industry and the various point pollutant sources in the upper Water pollution load
reaches of fishponds
Overpumping of groundwater and inadequate groundwater
Saltwater intrusion
regulation
Fertilizer runoff Increased nitrate and phosphate levels from non-point sources
Pesticide runoff Increased pesticide levels from non-point sources
Domestic Wastewater
Absence of a domestic wastewater collection system Increased BOD
Open defecation Increased incidence of waterborne diseases
Illegal settlements along easements and leachate from human
Higher total and fecal coliform
waste from unsanitary toilets
Absence of a municipal wastewater treatment plant Increasing pollution load
Solid waste pollution
Poor solid waste management Wastes being dumped into the rivers
Sedimentation
Logging of timber for fuel and slash-and-burn cultivation system Increased total suspended solids (TSS) 24
World Health Organization
Riverbank erosion/siltation with high velocity rainfall runoff Increased TSS 25
Municipalities with less than 50% ser-
Poor flood control and drainage facilities, lack of instruments for vice coverage, per the National Anti-
Frequent flooding
rainfall and flood measurements and siltation Poverty Commission, 2010
Mt. Pinatubo eruption Prolonged and large sediment runoff

31
 WSS Sector Gaps
In assessing the current state of the water supply and teams.
sanitation (WSS) sector in Region IV-A, areas that
require upgraded facilities, improved water supply and Service Provision
sanitation systems as well as regular and extensive The “not-in-my-backyard” mentality has been the bane of
monitoring protocols were brainstormed and identified at development projects that require the setting up of
the regional consultation and planning workshop. “unwanted” infrastructure. A case in point is the
developmental freeze happening in Cavite. The
construction of the septage treatment plant (STP) for the
Issues, Constraints and collection and treatment of fecal waste has been stalled
because the identified host barangay/municipality has
Challenges refused to issue the clearance needed to enable private
desludgers to proceed with the project.
The planning workshop participated in by concerned
provincial officers from Region IV-A and representatives There is a need for the creation of an enlightened policy
from regional line agencies have produced a working and enabling ordinance for STP. Public consultations and
document that identified the “hindering” issues, orientations are needed to raise the level of awareness of
constraints, and challenges being encountered by the the community on the importance of STPs.
WSS sector in three areas of concern: (a) Planning and For financial support, the region considers having Public-
Development, (b) Service Provision, and (c) Regulation. Private Partnerships to finance projects that will be
Cross-cutting topics and interlinked thematic issues such monitored by the LGUs.
as policy and institutional issues, leadership, cultural/ The creation of a water and wastewater department that
behavioral/attitudinal concerns and capacity were also is fully autonomous but dedicated to addressing these
tackled. Classified as (i) unorganized/undeveloped/ pressing issues was also recommended at the
underdeveloped, (ii) developing, and (iii) developed, the consultation workshop.
WSS sector in each locality was analyzed in terms of
interventions needed and “facilitating factors” required
Regulation
to overcome specific constraints in the management of
The Local Government Code contains no provisions
WSS services.
penalizing or sanctioning local governments that have
failed to deliver on their promise to improve the state of
Planning and Development their water supply and sanitation facilities.
It is in this context that the workshop participants
underscored the sector’s need for a comprehensive WSS Political will is sorely lacking based on the common
development plan based on solid, science-based data. perception that local leaders may not be held
No less than a robust data collection mechanism run and accountable. Without an accountability mechanism in
managed by people with technical expertise will suffice. place, funds or resources will not be allocated.
The same is true for people who are involved in DILG can step in and include the provision of safe
planning. Not everyone has the technical drinking water and sanitation as requirements for the
expertise, experience, knowledge and related Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) granted to
qualifications for the job. The planning process should be LGUs. Failing to comply therewith, LGUs should be
entrusted only to trained and experienced professionals. imposed restrictions or sanctions.
In the immediate term, LGUs must engage the services
of people, institutions and organizations with technical The lack of financial support for the establishment of
expertise and equipment in the gathering of scientific treatment facilities as well as the lack of initiative on tariff
data. setting related to the operation and maintenance of such
facilities has also been lamented. In a collective view,
Needless to say, the data collected need a central these issues have stalled concrete measures to give the
repository that runs on modern technology to facilitate WSS sector its much needed boost.
sharing, access and retrieval. This should provide
impetus for the establishment of a national agency that Table 16 summarizes the hindering and facilitating
manages WSS data, the lack of which is a major impacting the WSS sector in CALABARZON.
weakness that stifles the development of the sector.
Lack of program and project continuity is another serious
problem. A change in leadership, whether elective or
appointive positions, usually results in the development
agenda being frozen, altered or totally discarded. There
is a need for a main development plan (complete with
objectives and required courses of action) that the LGUs
and the stakeholders themselves put together after a
series of consensus-building consultations. For example,
LGUs in the upstream should generate a master
development plan that municipalities under their
jurisdiction may use as a common guide in crafting
interventions for the WSS sector.
A task force composed of agencies and technical
experts, e.g., from the Community Environment and
Natural Resources Office (CENRO) or Provincial
Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO),
and members of the academe, can be organized as local

32
Table 16: Hindering and Facilitating Factors

Areas Hindering Factors Facilitating Factors

Establishment of STPs not a priority Availability of funds

Absence of a government agency fully dedicated to address-

Interest and support from service providers and LGUs
ing wastewater issues

LGU officials who lack the drive to implement and enforce

the law
Leadership and Politics
Lack of initiative to impose tariffs on the operation and
maintenance of sanitation facilities

Lack of political will among local leaders and arriving at deci-

sions that are not evidence-based.

Centralized functions of government agencies

Generation and availability of data, e.g., annual surveys

Responsible personnel lack of technical know-how
and monthly data sheets submitted by WDs

Limited knowledge regarding the preparation of financial

Capacity Building
statements and other types of funding and financing

Low level of awareness of the importance of conserving

water

Generation and proper management of data on water

Ignorance of policy among responsible agencies
supply

Policy and Institutional Lack of specific ordinances coming from LGUs

Issues
Dependence on the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA)

Conflicting national and local policies

Fund grants from DILG (e.g., Performance Challenge

Limited financial resources
Fund, Salintubig)
Funding and Financing
Lack of financial mechanisms by which to establish sewage
Loan grants from financing institutions
treatment plants

Resistance to the payment of tariffs and lack of receptive- Encouraging and motivating community members to
ness with regard to new community undertakings participate in new programs

Cultural, Behavioral, and Lack of community awareness of WSS regulations/policies/

Attitudinal Issues ordinances

Lack of interest in research and development

33
 Regional Vision The WSS challenges will be addressed through the
following strategies:
 Promotion of water balance between water supply
and demand
“By 2030, the organized WATSAN sector is  Promotion of proper waste management
equipped with technologically advanced and  Intensify protection and sustainable management
sustained operations in a resilient and of watershed, coastal, marine and land
 Rehabilitation of degraded forestlands, critical
healthy community of collaborating and
watersheds, and major river basins
environment-responsible stakeholders for  Establish and maintain the required number of
sustainable, equitable, and safe WSS water quality monitoring stations
services for all.”  Regularly monitor ground water extraction
 Establishment of wastewater treatment in cities
and municipalities
The CALABARZON WSS Vision builds on the gains of  Development and adoption of green infrastructure
the previous plans and regional development plan of (rainwater harvesting)
Region IV-A. The stated vision is challenged by the high
Corresponding to the priorities are strategies that were
poverty incidence in 30 municipalities — a statistic higher
formulated to translate the regional vision into specific
than the national average.
approaches to get the best results and achieve the
In keeping with this vision, key strategies and region’s WSS targets. These are the region’s general
corresponding success indicators contributing towards approaches applicable to urban and rural contexts of
the achievement of the overall sector vision were ensuring access to safe water and sanitation.
adopted, and key projects and programs were identified,
A more detailed discussion with respect to achieving
including WSS targets which will adhere to the national
increased access to potable water considering the
WSS targets that are in accord with the PDP and SDGs.
various segments comprising the water utilities, such as
undeveloped/underdeveloped, developing and
developed, is shown in Table 17.
Strategic Framework
The creation of the strategic framework begins with the
determination of the issues, constraints and challenges of
the water supply and sanitation sector. The diagram on
the right shows specific highlights and contrasts,
pertaining to areas displaying best practices and those
needing improvement.

Table 17: Strategies in Achieving Increased Access to Potable Water

Segment Target Strategic Statement

Undeveloped/Underdeveloped

Level 1 Zero waterless barangays Government investment in the development of water sup-
ply systems (WSS) to upgrade unsafe sources to safe
Reduction to 5% of unsafe sources
sources
of water supply (2022) and universal
access to safe water (2030) Promoting water harvesting in far-flung areas

Level 2 Upgrade of Level II systems to Level Establishing WDs or LGU-led water utilities that can oper-
III ate commercially

Upgrading Level II systems to Level III

Creation of a body that provides technical and financial

assistance to barangay water associations and rural water-
works to upgrade their level of service

Developing

Water Districts Zero nonoperational WDs Prioritizing conversion of nonoperational to operational

(Categories C and D) WDs

Assisting low performing WDs in rehabilitation and expan-

sion works

Providing a window for low cost funds that can be ac-

cessed by low performing WDs to expand coverage

Non-WDs (financially Organizing water utilities and allow- Allowing the commercialization of water utility operations;
struggling water utilities) ing them to operate commercially encouraging LGUs to establish WDs or similar local gov-
ernment corporations or economic enterprises
100% recovery of O&M cost

Developed

Level 3 100% coverage of franchise area Increasing private sector participation

Ensuring the sustainability of opera- Ensuring a robust regulatory framework to balance the
tions of Level III systems interest of consumers and operators/WSPs
Continuing expansion programs to Encouraging business establishments and residential com-
ensure 100% coverage munities to embark on rainwater harvesting programs

34
Figure 17: CALABARZON WSS Strategic Framework

35
 Access Targets for Water For 2022, CALABARZON strives to achieve 96.3%
access to safe water and for 2030, 100% access.
Supply and Sanitation Universal access by 2040 is equivalent to more than 1
million HHs. Improved access to sanitation is set at 100%
As experts knowledgeable in and thoroughly familiar with for 2022 and 2030.
the social and environmental conditions in their Figures 18 and 19 graph the targets for WSS for 2022
respective provinces, the workshop participants were and 2030, respectively, in regard to the number of
given free rein in setting targets concerning water supply households.
and sanitation access (but were guided by the prescribed
goals).
Their targets were based on current and baseline data
(i.e., population growth rates, water resources availability,
topographical and geographical setting, etc.), the status
quo (funding constraints, political and cultural challenges,
etc.), and the realistic attainability of set targets.

Figure 18: Targeted Households with Access to Safe Water

Figure 19: Targeted Households with Access to Sanitation

36
 Water Supply Targets Sanitation Targets

BATANGAS BATANGAS
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 83.8% 88.8% 100.0% Improved 97.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 2.0% 2.0% 0.0% Basic 3.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 9.3% 9.3% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 95.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

CAVITE CAVITE
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 95.0% 100.0% 100.0% Improved 97.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Basic 3.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 95.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

LAGUNA LAGUNA
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 61.5% 81.5% 100.0% Improved 97.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 6.5% 0.0% 0.0% Basic 3.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 27.0% 18.5% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 95.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

QUEZON QUEZON
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 60.0% 80.0% 100.0% Improved 97.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 27.0% 10.0% 0.0% Basic 2.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 10.0% 10.0% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 97.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 1.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 3.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 99.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

RIZAL RIZAL
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 91.2% 96.9% 100.0% Improved 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 6.4% 3.2% 0.0% Basic 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 2.5% 0.0% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

LUCENA CITY LUCENA CITY

Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 85.8% 95.0% 100.0% Improved 97.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 7.2% 5.0% 0.0% Basic 3.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 95.0% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 5.0% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

CALABARZON CALABARZON
Category 2022 2030 2040 Category 2022 2030 2040
Level III 80.8% 91.1% 100.0% Improved 90.5% 100.0% 100.0%
Level II 6.4% 2.2% 0.0% Basic 4.0% 0.0% 0.0%
Level I 9.1% 6.7% 0.0% Shared / Communal / Limited 5.5% 0.0% 0.0%
With Access 96.3% 100.0% 100.0% Open Defecation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
No Access 3.7% 0.0% 0.0% With Access 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

37
 Strategic Interventions interventions were deliberated on to make them
adaptable to actual local conditions. (These are
After the planning and consultation workshops, a working discussed more thoroughly in the National Master Plan
document detailing specific strategic interventions to and may be adopted accordingly at the local level.)
improve water supply and sanitation access in Tables 18 and 19 show the specific strategic
CALABARZON was formulated. Based on their interventions for water supply and sanitation,
consensus during the workshops, these proposed respectively.

Table 18: Proposed Strategic Interventions for Water Supply

Access to Safe Planning and Service
Regulation Promotion
Water Development Provision
95% Access to Planning, program or M&E expansion Water resources Willingness to connect
Safe Water in project design Rehabilitation/Non- protection and pay
2022 Establishing labs and revenue water (NRW) Arbitration Demand creation
water quality testing reduction maintained Environmental and
Universal Access
centers at 20% of total social safeguards
in 2030
Lobbying for the production Compliance with
Regional WSS Integration/ PNSDW 2017
Masterplan Amalgamation Close monitoring of
Automation Joint Agreement
Residuals Compliance training
management from DOH
Mitigation Resource studies
Water potability
maintained at all times
Providing 24/7 water
supply service
Achieving 100%
coverage
Residuals
management

Table 19: Proposed Strategic Interventions for Sanitation

Planning & Development Service Provision Regulation Promotions
Planning Operations Tariff/Pricing Social Preparation
Program or Project Design M&E Resource Advocacy
Access to
Institution Building Arbitration Demand Creation
Improved Expansion
Training Registration, Permits, Behavior Change
Sanitation Amalgamation
Financing Rights
Automation
Climate/Disaster Resiliency
Policy
High Access Local Sustainable Sanitation Sanitation programs Tariff should be Promotions should
Plan (LSSP) should be should focus on computed using full focus on enjoining the
Areas with 60% incorporated into the WSS implementing cost recovery with public to connect to
to 100% Sector Plan, local sewerage systems infusion of capex the sewerage system
Improved development plan (LDP), and completing subsidy for sewerage when made available
Sanitation annual investment program septage management projects. stressing the
Coverage (AIP), and local health plan. programs. LGU implementers importance of
A sewerage system Expansion of have undergone compliance and the
program should be urbanized and compliance training benefits therefrom.
developed to provide urbanizing barangays given by DOH and Promotional efforts
service in the urban core should be pursued. DENR (particularly in regarding water
coordinating with those in M&E system should sewerage systems), demand management
charge of the septage conform to PSA/ and the Dept. of should be supported
management program; Census (covered by Agriculture (DA) with to minimize wastage
project urban sprawl sewerage system, respect to and unnecessary use
A National Sewerage and households regulations/guidelines of water.
Septage Management desludged, and on- governing disposal of Building buy-in for
Program (NSSMP) subsidy site systems). by-products. paying for sanitation
grant for sewerage and Penalties should be services should be
septage management strictly imposed on promoted.
programs (SMP) should be those not complying
in place. with certain
Capacity development in requirements,
regard to sewerage systems including LGUs/WDs
should be planned and by filing cases with
integrated with other the environmental
infrastructure. ombudsman.
A sanitation ordinance
covering sewerage system
and septage management
services should be passed,
possibly integrating it into
the environment code and
Water Quality Management

38
Physical Interventions
To meet the targets for access and coverage as well as
the normative content of water (service standards),
capital investments are necessary. The details of these
investments in 2022 and 2030 are listed in Table 20.

Table 20: Capital Investments Required to Meet Water Supply Targets

Service Level 2022 2030
Level III Water source assessment and development Water source assessment and development
Construction of water treatment facilities Construction of water treatment facilities
Distribution network expansion Distribution network expansion
Provision of service connections Provision of service connections
NRW reduction program NRW reduction program
Watershed and water resources protection, Watershed and water resources protection,
management and development management and development
Development of a Water Safety Program Development of a Water Safety Program
Adoption of a rainwater harvesting program Adoption of a rain water harvesting program
Establishment of adequately equipped laboratory Automation of operations and major services
testing centers in strategic areas to serve all
service levels clientele
Level II Rehabilitation of existing water supply system to Rehabilitation of water supply system to upgrade it
upgrade it to Level III to Level III
Level I Upgrading to “safe level” those water sources found Adoption of a rain water harvesting program in
“unsafe” areas not reached by Levels II and III services

Capital investments for the sanitation targets will include

basic sanitation programs, septage management
programs, and sewerage management programs.
Targets for 2022 will mainly focus on basic sanitation.
The septage and sewerage management programs are
to be undertaken to achieve 2030 targets, although these
programs may be implemented as early as 2022.

Nonphysical Interventions
To support the CapEx programs and ensure the efficient
operation of the newly constructed facilities, institutional
and regulatory reforms are to be undertaken (as shown in
Table 21).

Table 21: Institutional and Regulatory Reforms Required to Achieve Water Supply and Sanitation Goals
Items Undeveloped/Underdeveloped Developing Developed
LGUs will organize/establish WDs and LGU-run utilities will A system for independent
water utilities as commercial be motivated to improve their evaluation and due diligence
enterprises in their jurisdictions performance by offering them regarding public-private
Water Service or form a WD. incentives/rewards. partnership projects will be set
Provision up.
LGUs will create offices to
handle Level II and Level I
services.
An agency will be created to spearhead efforts to improve the WSS sector at the provincial level. The
Planning and provincial office shall coordinate development plans for water and sanitation of all municipalities in the
Development province, pursue efforts (in coordination with the DENR) in watershed rehabilitation, and provide training
programs to LGUs in water supply development and management.

Service standards for water supply and sanitation will be defined.

An independent group will be formed to monitor the performance of water and sanitation service providers,
Regulation other than the WDs, within the province. WDs will continue to be regulated by the LWUA. The monitoring
group could later be made part of a regulatory body.

39
LWUA Priority Projects
LWUA, 2018 Data

40
Addressing the Gaps
Water Supply Investment Total expenses for establishing water quality testing
laboratories have also been taken into account. It is
Requirements assumed that one laboratory per province will be
constructed.

Physical Investments Table 23 shows a summary of the total investment

requirements of the region. The detailed methodology on
To address WSS infrastructure gaps and fulfill specific
how the regional costs at CALABARZON were derived is
targets and commitments for 2022 and 2030, the cost of
referenced in Annex D of the main volume of the
infrastructure investments was derived based on
Philippine WSS Master Plan.
anticipated demand. Such demand was based on
projected population, economic growth, as well as
factored-in investments to ensure the continuous delivery Nonphysical Investments
of WSS services provided by existing systems. The Institutional and regulatory reforms have to be pursued to
computation included the anticipated need to upgrade complement infrastructure development and ensure that
existing service levels (i.e., from Level II to Level III, Level water supply systems constructed will operate efficiently.
I to Level II or Level III). Costs of reform implementation have not been estimated
at the regional level and are projected to be not
For infrastructure development, CALABARZON requires
substantial compared to the infrastructure investments.
capital investments of about PhP63.25 billion and
PhP44.15 billion for 2022 and 2030, respectively. Unit LGUs, WDs, and other stakeholders are obligated to
development costs employed to arrive at these sums are influence decision makers to pursue relevant reforms in
estimated at PhP34,600 per HH for Level III, PhP20,300 the water sector. These reforms serve as non-
for Level II, and PhP9,100 for Level I. infrastructure investments and typically include
These rates are direct costs and cover items such as organization/institutional development, regulatory
water source development, water treatment facilities, strengthening, capacity building, and project
storage requirements, transmission and distribution lines, management.
and pumping requirements, and provision of service Proposed interventions include the following:
connections.
Furthermore, these unit costs (determined to suit local
 The model of existing water utilities should be
conditions in CALABARZON) were derived by applying identified in areas where there are no water
regional cost factors (with respect to labor, material, and districts. The establishment of WDs should be
equipment costs) to the computed development base proposed in municipalities with a population of at
costs for NCR. NCR values are pegged at PhP31,800/ least 20,000, subject to an agreement with the
HH, PhP18,700/HH, and PhP8,400/HH for Levels III, II, local chief executives. If LGUs are not amenable to
and I, respectively. forming a WD, water utilities that can operate
commercially (e.g., a similar local government
The cost deviations (from the NCR base rates) were
water corporation or economic enterprise) should
taken into account considering the region’s distinct
be set up.
geographical, economical, and accessibility
characteristics, and labor, material, and equipment costs,  Priority should be given to operationalizing
which are bound to affect the implementation costs of nonfunctional WDs, particularly those in
any project. The regionalization of costs ensures that municipalities categorized as 3rd class and higher.
computed regional investment requirements for the  The target expansion of service coverage shall be
Master Plan and the Regional Roadmaps are as realistic conducted at the municipal level. Municipalities
as possible befitting each locale. with lower than 50% coverage will be given priority
Aside from the direct costs, indirect costs were also in the investment program.
considered in estimating the total investment The map on the left shows the nine municipalities with
requirements. These items include project preparation WDs included in LWUA's list of projects. Balayan, Lian
activities (which may affect budget considerations) before and Teresa WD have secured LWUA's financial
actual construction work begins. Items considered and assistance (FA) for their projects. The remaining seven
percentage values used in relation to the total direct (7), i.e., Lobo, Tayusan, Tuy, Amadeo, Siniloan and
costs computed are shown in Table 22. Candelaria WDs, have filed requests for FA that are still
pending approval.

Table 22: Indirect Costs Employed26

Water Supply
Contingency 10.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
Feasibility Study 3.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
Detailed Engineering Design 6.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
Construction Supervision 5.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
ROW/Land Acquisition 3.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
Organizational Cost/Permits 2.0% Percentage of Total Direct Cost
Capacity Development 33,350 1 Staff Employee per 100 HH (LWUA)

Table 23: Total Investment Costs for Water Supply Sector

Total Investment Cost Total Investment Cost
Province (in PhP Million) (in PhP Million)
2022 2030
Batangas 20,061 5,962
Cavite 18,446 11,709
Laguna 5,401 12,784
Quezon 11,662 5,889
26
Rizal 7,677 7,804 Based on industry standards
Total 63,247 44,148

41
Septage Treatment Plants Clustering

42
Sanitation Investment Nonphysical Investments
CALABARZON, like other regions in the country, will
Requirements require substantial assistance from the national
government, or where technical and financial assistance
can be funneled. This will include an inventory or survey
Physical Investments and assessment of existing sanitation facilities, capacity
Basic Sanitation Program. The Department of Health development for implementing local agencies (local
(DOH) plans to prescribe a national basic sanitation health office, environment and natural resources office,
program for the entire country – looking into a office of the building official, and general services office),
combination of microfinance and behavior change institutional, policy and regulatory environment
communication. A Department Administrative Order on development (which would require the involvement of
standard septic tank use and design will also be released capacitance support offices like the budget and
by the DOH soon after planned consultation activities treasurer’s office, bids and awards committee,
have been rolled out in the country’s three major island commission on audit office, engineering office, office of
groups (Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao). legal services/affairs, barangay affairs office, office of the
CALABARZON will need about PhP5.94 billion for basic local chief executive, and the local legislative council).
sanitation from 2016 to 2022 to reach its target of 100%. Other nonstructural interventions that may require a
This was derived by multiplying the unserved population budget include developing a monitoring and evaluation
by the unit development costs with regard to establishing (M&E) system to monitor progress, support planning, and
specific on-site sanitation facilities. (An annex to this guide development training programs, promotional
report and the National Master Plan explains the unit campaigns and other legislative advocacies, and initiate
costs and derived costs for specific sanitation hygiene promotion programs.
interventions.)
Septage Management Program. A clustering approach
will be recommended to reduce capital costs and attain
economies of scale. The proposed clustering per
province is shown on the map on the left.
The region needs about PhP8.94 billion and PhP1.41
million for 2022 and 2030, respectively for its septage
management program.
Sewerage System Program. Only Lucena City will be
required at this time to plan and implement a sewerage
system for its urban core. However, rapidly urbanizing
cities (i.e., candidate HUCs) should also consider
planning for sewerage services in the interim.
The indicative cost for sewerage was computed based on
the 50% coverage of the HUCs’ urban population only.
The unit cost was derived per the procedure applied to
septage management, wherein the unit cost was based
on the National Septage and Sewerage Master Plan
(NSSMP) estimations and later adjusted considering
other factors.
The region needs about PhP103 million and PhP293
million for 2022 and 2030, respectively, for its sewerage
system program.

Table 24: Total Investment Costs for Sanitation Sector

Total Investment Cost Total Investment Cost
Province/City (in PhP Million) (in PhP Million)
2022 2030
Batangas 21,067 3,553
Cavite 30,353 6,711
Laguna 17,712 4,009
Quezon (excluding
5,625 1,506
Lucena City)
Rizal 6,956 4,567
Lucena City 3,760 704
Total 85,473 21,050

43
 Proposed Projects and Programs
A list of projects and investment programs has been developed during the regional planning
workshop to assess the current state of the WSS sector and propose projects to increase access to
and upgrade water supply and sanitation facilities at the provincial or regional level.
The DILG, Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) River Basin Control Office
(RBCO) and LWUA have proposed projects in the WSS sector in addition to those discussed and
agreed on at the regional workshop.
This list of projects does not cover only infrastructure projects, but also nonphysical investment
requirements, such as capacity development programs, information dissemination campaigns, and
watershed management plans. These projects run the gamut from conception, proposal, pre-
feasibility and feasibility study stages, detailed engineering design, to pre-procurement and
procurement. Figure 20 shows the distribution of the investment requirement per province. Based
on the proposed projects and programs, the region needs PhP29.7 billion to boost its WSS sector.

Figure 20: Distribution of Investment

Requirement per Province

Batangas

Budget Re- Budget Re- Total Budget HH Bene-

Water Supply Period quirement Sanitation Period quirement Requirement ficiaries
(PhP Million) (PhP Million) (PhP Million) (2022)
Phase 1: Construction of nine (9) water supply
systems, drilling of production wells, installation of STP For 12 provincial government-
1 Short Term 18.67 1 Long Term 54.00
submersible pumps and construction of elevated operated hospitals
water tanks
Phase 2: Nine (9) proposed water supply systems,
PGENRO Batangas Environment Labora-
drilling of production wells, installation of submers-
2 Short Term 21.91 2 tory Accredited By DENR-EMB and PNS Short Term 3.00
ible pumps and construction of elevated water
ISO 177025.2005
tanks
3 Distribution of toilet bowls Short Term 0.45 406.5 54,396
4 Provision of sanitary toilet facility package Short Term 0.50
Strengthening of waste management pro-
5 Medium Term 8.00
jects
Proposed domestic wastewater and sep-
6 tage treatment plants in 15 cluster loca- Long Term 300.00
tions province-wide
Total 40.58 Total 365.95
Cavite

Budget Re- Budget Re- Total Budget HH Benefi-

Water Supply Period quirement Sanitation Period quirement Requirement ciaries
(PhP Million) (PhP Million) (PhP Million) (2022)
Level III WS expansion in the municipalities of
Preparation of septage treatment plant in
1 Mainit, Malamig, and Maligamgam covering Short Term 3,000.00 1 Short Term 500.00
northern cluster municipalities
20,000 households
Revival of the 10 nonoperational WDs in the mu-
2 Short Term 1,500.00
nicipalities of Mainit, Malamig, and Maligamgam
3 Preparation of IWRM Plan for Matubig River Short Term 500.00
7,238.0 1,076,276
Maragondon Bulk Water Supply Project covering 4
4 Short Term 1,051.00
municipalities
5 Trece Martires City Water Supply Project Short Term 687.00

Total 6,738.00 Total 500.00

Laguna

Budget Re- Budget Re- Total Budget

HH Benefi-
Water Supply Period quirement Sanitation Period quirement Requirement
ciaries (2022)
(PhP Million) (PhP Million) (PhP Million)

Construction of Level I water supply facilities in Construction of sanitary toilet facilities in

1 Short Term 11.30 1 Short Term 1.60
selected areas target areas
Construction/rehabilitation of Level II water supply
2 Short Term 153.00
facilities in Los Baños, Bay and Victoria
330.9 848,214
Construction/rehabilitation of Level III water sup-
3 Short Term 165.00
ply facilities in San Pedro City

Total 329.30 Total 1.60

44
 Quezon

Budget Re- Budget Re- Total Budget

HH Benefi-
Water Supply Period quirement Sanitation Period quirement Requirement
ciaries (2022)
(PhP Million) (PhP Million) (PhP Million)

1 Dumacaa River Irrigation Project Short Term 265.00 1 Lucena STP Short Term -

2 Quipot River Irrigation Project Short Term 1,000.00 2 Centralized ST: Tiaong Short Term -

3 Macalelon Irrigation Project Short Term 700.00

4 Kaliwa Dam Project Short Term 18,700.00

20,979.0 470,789
Upgrading Unsafe Level I to Safe Level I
5 Short Term -
Service
Updgrading of Level II to Level III system
6 Short Term -
(urban)
7 Metro Quezon WD Water Supply Project Short Term 314.01

Total 20,979.01 Total -

Rizal

Budget Re- Budget Re- Total Budget

HH Benefi-
Water Supply Period quirement Sanitation Period quirement Requirement
ciaries (2022)
(PhP million) (PhP Million) (PhP Million)
Upgrading of Level I systems to Level II Maintenance of STPs in provincial hospi-
1 Long Term 300.00 1 Long Term 60.00
(upland) tals in Antipolo and Jalajala

2 Maintenance of existing STP of hospitals Long Term 15.00

3 Septage treatment plants for water districts Long Term 400.00 780.2 778,539

4 Provision of complete sets of toilet facilities Short Term 5.20

Total 300.00 Total 480.20

45
AM, Salintubig Pipeline WSS Projects
DILG-WSSPMO, 2019 List of DILG Projects

46
Identified Priority Projects (2019-2020)
The tables below show the priority projects identified by LWUA and DILG for 2019-
2020. The map on the left shows the various barangays and municipalities to be
covered by DILG’s Assistance to Municipalities (AM) and Salintubig Projects in 2019.

Assistance To Municipalities (2019)

Province Municipality Project Name Amount
Batangas Kalayaan Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System In Longos 1,248,000
Batangas Liliw Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System 6,524,000
Batangas Luisiana New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System 10,864,000
Batangas Majayjay Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System 9,864,000
Batangas Agdangan Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level II Water System 1,722,000
Batangas Alabat Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level II/Level III Water System In Alabat, Quezon 1,780,000
Batangas Alabat Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level II/Level III Water System In Camaya, Barangay Villa Norte 4,000,000
Batangas Atimonan New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System 2,000,000
Batangas Calauag Construction Of Potable Water Supply System 2,457,000
Batangas General Nakar Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level II/Level III Water System 10,321,000
Batangas Mauban Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level II Water System 7,588,000
Batangas Morong Improvement Of Level II Water System 1,000,000
Cavite Cavinti Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System 6,716,000
Cavite Kalayaan Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System In San Juan 2,000,000
Cavite Kalayaan Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System In San Antonio 3,000,000
Laguna San Juan New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System In Brgy. Sapangan 3,000,000
Laguna San Nicolas Improvement Of Water System 2,000,000
Laguna Taal New Construction Of Level II Potable Water System 2,000,000
Laguna Tuy Construction Of Potable Water Supply System 3,200,000
Laguna Rosario Improvement Of Water System 4,756,000
Laguna Rosario Expansion Of Water System In Bagbag I 1,558,000
Laguna Rosario Expansion Of Water System In Ligtong I 1,706,178
Quezon Balete New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System 9,757,000
Quezon Lian New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System In So. Centro, Brgy. Lumaniag 5,773,500
Quezon Lian New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System In Brgy. Putingkahoy 5,773,500
Quezon Padre Garcia Construction Of Potable Water Supply System 3,000,000
Quezon San Jose Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System 9,704,000
Quezon San Juan New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System In Brgy. Poctol 3,000,000
Quezon San Juan New Construction Of Level II Potable Water Supply System In Brgy. Bataan 3,000,000
Rizal Alitagtag Rehabilitation/Improvement Of Level III Water System 2,000,000
Total 131,312,178
SALINTUBIG (2019)
Province Municipality Project Name Amount
Quezon Calauag Level III Water System (Salintubig) 20,000,000
Quezon Catanauan Construction/Upgrading Of Potable Water System 15,000,000
Quezon Guinayangan Development Of Potable Water System In All Barangays 12,000,000
Quezon Lopez Construction Of Level II Water Supply, Brgys. Paagan, Ramot, And Tubaday 11,000,000
Quezon Panukulan Potable Water Supply 10,000,000
Quezon San Adres Spring Development Projects: Bocacliw Spring 15,000,000
Quezon San Francisco Provision Of Water System To All Barangays Unserved By BWD 15,000,000
Quezon Unisan Potable Water Supply 11,000,000
Total 109,000,000
LWUA (2017-2018)
Province Municipality Project Type Status Amount
Batangas Balayan Expansion Approved 9,000,000
Batangas Lian Expansion Approved 5,000,000
Rizal Teresa Expansion Approved 7,000,000
Batangas Balayan Expansion Pending approval 12,000,000
Batangas Lian Expansion Pending approval 65,000,000
Batangas Lobo Expansion Pending approval 15,000,000
Batangas Taysan Expansion Pending approval 10,300,000
Batangas Tuy Expansion/Admin Bldg. Pending approval 18,000,000
Cavite Amadeo Expansion Pending approval 100,000,000
Laguna Siniloan Expansion/Admin Bldg. Pending approval 25,000,000
Quezon Candelaria Expansion Pending approval 24,000,000
Total 290,300,000

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 Appendix A: Provincial and HUC Profiles

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 Appendix A: Provincial and HUC Profiles

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