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STS Report

This section reviews three major intellectual revolutions that changed perceptions of science in society: the Copernican, Darwinian, and Freudian revolutions. The Copernican revolution established the sun, not Earth, as the center of our solar system. The Darwinian revolution introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection. And the Freudian revolution established that the unconscious mind influences our behaviors. These revolutions transformed dominant scientific thought and views of society through a process of discarding old understandings and replacing them with new radical perspectives.

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Nessa Costadillo
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95 views11 pages

STS Report

This section reviews three major intellectual revolutions that changed perceptions of science in society: the Copernican, Darwinian, and Freudian revolutions. The Copernican revolution established the sun, not Earth, as the center of our solar system. The Darwinian revolution introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection. And the Freudian revolution established that the unconscious mind influences our behaviors. These revolutions transformed dominant scientific thought and views of society through a process of discarding old understandings and replacing them with new radical perspectives.

Uploaded by

Nessa Costadillo
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INTELLECTUAL

REVOLUTIONS AND
SOCIETY
This section reviews the intellectual revolutions that changed the way
people perceive the influence of science on society in general.
It focuses on three of the most important intellectual revolutions in
history
Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this section, the students should be able to:
1. identify the intellectual revolutions that shaped society across time;
2 . explain how intellectual revolutions transformed the views of
society about dominant scientific thought; and
3. research on other intellectual revolutions that advance modern
science and scientific thinking.
In the study of the history of science and technology,
another important area of interest involves the various
intellectual revolution across time. In this area, interest
lies in how intellectual revolutions emerged as a result
of the interaction of science and technology and of
society.
OPERNICAN
•Copernicus introduced the heliocentric model in a 40 page outline entitled Commentariolus.
He formalized his model in the publication of his treatise, De Revolutionibus Orbium
Coelestium (The Revolution of Celestial Spheres) in 1543..

•In his model, Copernicus repositioned the Earth from the center of the Solar System and
introduced the idea that the Earth rotates on its own axis.

• Copernican revolution, named after Nicolaus Copernicus, transformed our understanding of


the universe, positioning the sun, not the earth, at the center of our solar system.
DARWINIAN REVOLUTION

•The Darwinian revolution, led by Charles Darwin, reshaped our


understanding of life on Earth with the theory of evolution,
suggesting that all species evolve over time through a process
called natural selection.

•Darwin gathered evidence pointing to what is now known as


natural selection, an evolutionary process by which organisms,
including humans, inherit, develop and adapt traits that favored
survival and reproduction.
The Freudian revolution

•spearheaded by Sigmund Freud, revolutionized the


field of psychology, introducing the idea that our
unconscious mind significantly influences our
behaviors and decisions.
Jean Sylvain Bailley
•a French astronomer and mathematician, described
these scientific revolutions as a two-stage process:
first, the old understanding is discarded, and then a
new, often radically different, understanding takes its
place.
THANK
YOU

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