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Masonry Materials and Estimation Guide

Masonry covers six major building elements including concrete hollow blocks, tiles, bricks, natural stones, pre-cast concrete, and cement paste. Masonry proportions include 1:3 for non-bearing concrete hollow block walls, 1:2 for guttering, 1:1.5 for wall tile works, and 1:1 for roofing tiles. To estimate the amount of cement and sand for a one cubic meter mortar of 1:3:3.5 gallons proportions using 40kg bags of cement, the specific gravities of cement, sand, and water must be used to determine the absolute volume of each in terms of the water volume, and then the quantity of each material per cubic meter can be calculated based

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Denver James Rabara
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71 views2 pages

Masonry Materials and Estimation Guide

Masonry covers six major building elements including concrete hollow blocks, tiles, bricks, natural stones, pre-cast concrete, and cement paste. Masonry proportions include 1:3 for non-bearing concrete hollow block walls, 1:2 for guttering, 1:1.5 for wall tile works, and 1:1 for roofing tiles. To estimate the amount of cement and sand for a one cubic meter mortar of 1:3:3.5 gallons proportions using 40kg bags of cement, the specific gravities of cement, sand, and water must be used to determine the absolute volume of each in terms of the water volume, and then the quantity of each material per cubic meter can be calculated based

Uploaded by

Denver James Rabara
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© © All Rights Reserved
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MASONRY

Masonry covers six major building elements, namely:


a. Concrete hollow blocks (CHB)
b. Tiles (clay, cement, porcelain, ceramic, granite)
c. Bricks
d. Natural stones (adobe, marble, pebbles, granite)
e. Pre-cast concrete
f. Cement paste

1:3 load non-bearing CHB walls


1:2 guttering
1:1.5 wall tile works
1:1 roofing tiles

Problem: Estimate the amount of cement and sand for a one cubic meter mortar of [Link].5gals
proportions. Use 40kgs (88lbs) per bag of cement. (Absolute Volume Method)

Solution:
i. Specific Gravity
cement: 94/62.4 = 1.506
sand: 100/62.4 = 1.602
water: 62.4/62.4 = 1

ii. Absolute Volume in terms of water volume


cement: 88/94 = 0.936 [Link]
sand: [Link]
water: 3.5/7.48 = 0.468 [Link]

cement: 0.936/1.506 = 0.622 [Link]


sand: 3/1.602 = 1.873 [Link]
water: 0.468/1 = 0.468 [Link]
Total = 2.963 [Link]

iii. Quantity of mortar material per cu.m (as per problem)


1 cu.m = 35.29 [Link]

cement: 0.936 c
---------- = --------
2.963 35.29
c = 11.15 [Link]

sand: 35.73 [Link]


water: 5.57 [Link]

Sometimes, admixtures or additives are used for laying tiles and plastering for particular special
purposes, such as:
1. Tightens plastering
2. Improves workability of mortar
3. Reduces and eliminates cracks
4. Prevent water leaks and seepage
Normally, the use of admixtures to mortar is done by adding one pack of additives for every bag of
cement.

Classifications:
1. Load-bearing CHB – to carry gravity loads and resist environmental forces due to wind and
earthquake, intended to carry gravity loads.
2. Non-load bearing CHB – used in exterior and interior partition walls as back-up for cement plaster
or for face brick or stone.
The items that are included in CHB masonry are as follows:
a. Concrete Hollow Blocks
b. Steel Reinforcements
c. Mortar for laying and filling, and plastering
d. Scaffoldings

Estimating the number of CHB per square meter

Let h = height of CHB plus mortar grout for laying


= 194mm + 12mm = 206mm
Let L = length of CHB
= 397mm
Quantity of CHB per sq.m, N=12.23pcs

Note: In estimating the total number of CHB, the net area for masonry must be used.

Estimating Quantity of CHB

Problem: Find the total number of CHB for a residential wall having one 0.80 x 2.10 door and three
windows with sizes of 1.20 x 1.20 and 2 – 0.70 x 1.20. The total wall height is 3.0m from natural grade line
to top of beam having a depth of 400mm. The top wall footing is located 400mm below the natural grade
line. The total length is 12m. Assume 3% waste factor.

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