1.

Country and people

1. England is only one of the four nations of the British Isles ( England, Scotland, Wales and
Ireland).
2. At one time the four nations were distinct from each other in almost every aspect of life. In the
first place, they were different racially.
3. The people in Ireland, Wales and highland Scotland belonged to the Celtic race.
4. Those in England and lowland Scotland were mainly of Germanic origin.
5. This difference was reflected in the languages they spoke. People in the Celtic areas spoke
Celtic languages: Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic and Welsh.
6. People in the Germanic areas spoke Germanic dialects (bản địa) (including the one which has
developed into modern English).
7. Today these differences have become blurred.
8. Although there is only one government for the whole of Britain, and people have the same
passport regardless of where in Britain they live, some aspects of government are organized
separately (and sometimes differently) in the four parts of the United Kingdom. Moreover, Welsh,
Scottish and Irish people feel their identity very strongly.
9. The nationality of people from UK is the British.
The dominance of England
1. The system of politics that is used in all four nations today is of English origin.
2. English is the main language of all four nations.
3. The supply of money in Britain is controlled by the Bank of England.
4. The present queen of the country is universally known as 'Elizabeth the Second', even though
Scotland and Northern Ireland have never had an 'Elizabeth the First.
National loyalties - double identity
1. Because of migration (sự di cư) of people from Scotland, Wales and Ireland to England,
there are millions of people who live in England but who would never describe themselves
as English. They may have lived in England all their lives, but as far as they are concerned
they are Scottish or Welsh or Irish.
QUIZ:
1. Liberal Art Education is an education that allows the learner…..:
A. freedom of thought
B. freedom of playing
C. to compete with each other
D. to do whatever they like
2. The UK is made up of:
A. Great Britain and Northern Ireland
B. Wales, Scotland, and all of Ireland Scotland
C. England and The Republic of Ireland
D. Great Britain and The Republic of Ireland
3. In which hemisphere is Britain located?
A. North
B. South
C. East
D. West
4. Britain is the largest island in ______.
A. Europe
B. Africa
C. Antarctica
5. The island of Britain is located in which ocean?
A. Atlantic
B. Pacific
C. Arctic
D. Indian
6. There are 2 states in this area: The Republic of Ireland and The United Kingdom.
A. True
B. False
7. Which is the normal everyday adjective when talking about something to do with the UK:
A. English B. British C. Irish D. Britain
8. The image of Britannia has been used to symbolize British national pride, unity, and strength
for
centuries.
A. True
B. False
9. Celtic is the dominant culture of people in :
A. England and Wales
B. Ireland and England
C. England and Highland Scotland
D. Wales, Ireland, and Highland Scotland
10. Which surname is commonly used in both England and Scotland?
A. Price B. Smith C. Evans D. Ian
11. What is the name of the clothes the symbol of Scotland?
A. half-collared shirt
B. coat
C.the kilt ( a skirt)
D. bedgown
12. What kind of musical instrument is considered a symbol of both Wales and Ireland?
A. The harp B. The bagpipes C. Air bag D. Flute
13. What are the roman names for Scotland, Wales, and Ireland?
A. Caledonia, Cambria, and Hibernia
B. Briton, Cambria, and Erin
C. Caledonia, Hibernia, and Briton
D. Erin, Caledonia, and Briton
16. The national flag of the UK is not the Union Jack. True or False?
A. True
B. False
17. The Union Jack is a combination of the flags of which countries?
A. Scotland, Ireland, and England
B. Scotland, Wales, and England
C. England and Scotland
D. England and Wales
18. What is the common internet domain address for Britain?
A. .br
B. .gb
C. .uk
19. In which of the following does a 'Great Britain' team compete?
A. the Olympics
B. cricket
C. rugby union
20. Historically and culturally speaking, which country may be divided into 'Lowland' and
'Highland'?
A. Wales
B. Scotland
C. England
21. England makes up the whole of the United Kingdom. True or False?
A. True
B. False
22. What is the main language today in the four countries of England, Scotland, Wales, and
Ireland?
A. Welsh
B. English
C. Scots
24. The supply of money in Britain is controlled by the Bank of _______?
A. England
B. Britain
C. British
D. the United Kingdom
25. What proportion of the population of White British lives in Britain?
A. more than 80%
B. about 60%
C. less than 40%
2. Geography
1.
The UK is made up of:
+ Great Britain (the formerly separate realms of England, and Scotland, and the principality of
Wales)
+ Northern Ireland (also known as Ulster)
+ Numerous smaller islands including the Isle of Wight, Anglesey, and the Scilly, Orkney,
Shetland, and Hebridean archipelagos.
2.
The UK lies between the North Atlantic Ocean (Bắc Đại Tây Dương) and the North Sea (Biển
Bắc), and comes within 35 km (22 miles) of the northwest coast of France, from which it is
separated (ngăn cách) by the English Channel. Northern Ireland shares a 360 km international land
boundary (ranh giới đất liền quốc tế) with the Republic of Ireland (Cộng hòa). The Channel
Tunnel bored beneath
(đường hầm) the English Channel, now links the UK with France.
3. The UK has a total area of approximately (khoảng) 245,000 km², almost a quarter-of-a-million
square kilometres.
4. The UK is made up of several islands. The only land border connecting the UK
to another country is between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland
5. The UK is bordered (giáp) by four seas:
+ to the south by the English Channel (eo biển Manche), which separates it from
continental Europe
+ to the east by the North Sea
+ to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean (Đại Tây Dương).
Land and settlement
1. The UK Landscape is very varied, ranging from the Grampian Mountains of Scotland to the
lowland fens (những vừng đất thấp) of England which are at or below sea level in places (mực
nước biển).
2. Scotland and Wales are the most mountainous parts (những vùng núi cao nhất) of the UK. A
ridge of hills (một dãy đồi), the Pennine, runs down the centre of northern (miền bắc) England.
Many coastal areas (khu vực ven biển) are low-lying (vùng trũng), especially in the east (phía
đông) and south (phía nam) of England. These include the wetlands (vùng ngập nước) of the
Somerset levels, that regularly flood during heavy rain.
3. Most of the UK is made up of gently rolling hills (những ngọn đồi thoai thoải) with isolated
areas of high ground (những vùng đất cao bị cô lập) such as Dartmoor in the south-west of
England or the Mourne Mountains in Northern Ireland.
4. Northern Ireland is also home to the UK's largest lake, Lough Neagh, which covers an area of
396sq.km (153 sq miles). Other major lakes include Windermere in the English Lake District
and Loch Lomond in Scotland. Another of Scotland's lakes, Loch Ness is famous for sightings of
'Nessie', a mythical monster!In northwest (tây bắc) England and the Scottish Highlands are dozens
of lakes, called lochs. These were left behind when the Ice Age (kỷ băng hà) glaciers melted. They
tend to be long and narrow, and some are very deep. Legends say that a giant monster called
Nessie lives in Loch Ness in Scotland
5. UK Rivers
Being a relatively (tương đối) small Island, the UK's rivers are not very long. The Severn, its
longest river, is just 338 km in length, beginning in Wales and entering (đổ vào) the Atlantic
Ocean near Bristol in England. Other major rivers include the Thames, which flows through
Oxford and London, and the Trent and Mersey rivers, which drain rainfall (thoát nước mưa) from
large areas of central England (miền Trung nước Anh).
Population
1. Nearly 84 percent of the total population of the United Kingdom lives in England.
The most densely populated areas (khu vực đông dân cư nhất) of England are the major cities and
metropolitan areas (khu vực đô thị) of London and the South East, South and West Yorkshire,
Greater Manchester and Merseyside, the West Midlands, and the conurbations (các vùng ngoại ô)
on the rivers Tyne,Wear and Tees. London has the highest population density with 4,00 people per
square kilometre, and the South West the lowest (210 people per square kilometre).
The environment and pollution
1. It was in Britain that the word "smog" was first used (to describe a mixture of smoke and fog).
Climate
1.Britain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate. We never
know what the weather will be like from one day to the other. It can be sunny one day and rainy
the next. As we have such a variable climate changing from day to day, it is difficult to predict the
weather. In general we have warm summers and cool winters. Our summers are cooler than those
on the continent, but the winters are milder.
2. Temperate Climate
The overall climate in England is called temperate maritime (khí hậu ôn đới hải dương). This
means that it is mild (thời tiết ôn hòa) with temperatures not much lower than 0ºC in winter and
not much higher than 32ºC in summer. It also means that it is damp (ẩm) and is subject to frequent
changes.
3.July and August are normally the warmest month in England. Around the coasts, February is
normally the coldest month, but inland there is little to choose between January and February as
the coldest month.
4. Rain is fairly well distributed throughout (phân bố khá đều) the year, with late winter/spring
(February to March) the driest period and autumn/winter (October to January) the wettest.
LONDON
1. The City of London, know simply as 'the City' which is the business and financial heart of the
United Kingdom. It is also known as the Square Mile (2.59 sq km/1 sq mi). It was the original
Roman settlement (khu định cư nguyên thủy) (ancient Londinium), making it the oldest part of
London and already 1,000 years old when the Tower of London was built.
The City of Westminster, where Parliament and most of the government offices are located. Also
Buckingham Palace, the official London residence of the Queen and the Royal family are located
there too.
Together they all make up a region known as Greater London.
2. London is the biggest city in Britain and in Europe.
3. London occupies (chiếm) over 620 square miles
4. London has a population of 7,172,036 (2001).About 12 per cent of Britain’s overall population
live in London
5. London has the highest population density in Britain, with 4,699 people per square kilometre,
6. London is in the southeast (đông nam) of England.
7. London is the seat of central government (trụ sở của chính phủ trung ương) in Britain.
8.The tallest building in London is the Canary Wharf Tower.
9.London was the first city in the world to have an underground railway (đường sắt ngầm), known
as the 'Tube'.
10.Some of the most important people from countries all over the world visit the Queen at
Buckingham Palace.
11.There are over 100 theatres in London, including 50 in the West End. London theatre accounts
for 45% of all UK theatre admissions and over 70% of box-office revenues (doanh thu phòng vé).
12. London comprises the City of London, and the 32 boroughs (quận), of which
13. are in Inner (nội thành) London and 19 are in Outer (ngoại thành) London. It is a growing city
spreading out and 'swallowing' many villages and towns in the south east of England. Because of
this, there are many conflicting definitions of London and Greater London and the population of
London varies accordingly.
London, the capital of England and the UK, occupies over 620 square miles and is the most
populous city in the European Union, with over 7 million residents. London’s population is
heavily concentrated (at about 4,539 people per sq km/11,568 per sq mi)
14. Over 250 languages are spoken in London, making the capital the most linguistically diverse
city in the world.
15. Traditional London Food
London's food doesn't come any more traditional - or tasty - than good old pie (bánh nướng) and
mash (bánh nghiền). Locally caught eels (lươn) were the usual pie filling (nhân bánh) but they
have been gradually replaced by minced beef (thịt bò băm).
SOUNTHERN ENGLAND
The country of Kent
+ Garden of England
+ Many kinds of fruit and vegetable
The Down
+ Hills in a horseshoe shape
+ Sheep farming
+ White cliffs of the south coast (vách đá trắng)
+ Little heavy industry
The West country
+ Bristol was once Britain's most important port (cảng) after London.
+Dairy produce, fruit
+ South-west peninsula (bán đảo)
- Rocky coats
- Small bays
- Wild moorlands (vùng đất hoang mạc đầy thạch lam)
+ Tourist industry
East Anglia
+ North-east London
+ Large expanses of uniformly flat land
+ Dry climate
+ Grow wheat, arable crops (canh tác dược). (trồng ngắn ngày, trồng theo vụ)
THE MIDLANDS
Birmingham is Britain’s second largest city..
+ Heavy industry
+ Iron, steel (thép) => variety of goods
+ Industry areas:
- The Potteries (đồ gốm, thủ công)
+ Several towns in the east midlands
- Derby
- Leicester
- Nottingham
NORTHERN ENGLAND
Western:
Manchester area
Cotton goods (sản phẩm làm từ bông)
Eastern:
Bradford, Leeds
Woolen goods (hàng len)
Southern:
Sheffield became a centre for the production of steel goods
Steel goods (thép)
Northern:
Newcastle
Shipbuilding (đóng tàu)
+ Lake District (North-western corner of country)
+ Largest National Park in England
SCOTLAND
Southern uplands: sheep farming
Middle: central plain: 80% of population, oil industry
North: Highlands: Tourism, Whisky
Thành phố Glasgow 3rd largest city in Britain
+ Heavy industry
+ Artistic heritage (di sản nghệ thuật)
+ Glasgow school
Capital: Edinburgh
+ Historic building
+ Topography (the Athens of the North) (địa thế địa hình)
+ Edinburgh festival of the arts
WALES
1. Capital: Cardiff
2. South Wales: Coal mine (than)
3. High proportion (sự cân đối) of industrial villages.
4. Most of the rest of Wales: mountainous
NORTHERN IRELAND
1. Capital: Belfast
2. Manufacture of linen (vải lanh)
Shipbuilding
3. The rest of Ireland: agriculture
4. Giant’s Causeway (enormous stepping stones) (đường đắp cao)
Quiz
1. Which of the following statements about Britain is false?
A. Britain has flat land
B. Britain has no active volcanoes
C. Britain has no really big rivers
D. Britain has very high mountains
2. By whom was Britain's image of a wet, foggy island created two thousand years ago?
A. The native Londoners
B. The invading Romans
C. The Irish people
D. The Americans
3. In summer, the south of Britain is… than the north.
A. wetter and rainier
B. colder and more snowfall
C. warmer and sunnier
D. sunnier but still cold
4. Which of the following statements about the climate of Britain is false?
A. The winters are a bit colder in the east of the country than they are in the west
B. The climate of Britain is more or less the same as that of the north-western part of the European
mainland
C. In summer, the south is slightly warmer and sunnier than the north
D. The further east you go, the more rain you get
5. Where is the wettest city in Britain?
A. Manchester
B. Cardiff
C. Liverpool
D. Southampton
6. Why do the British seem to be totally unprepared for extremes?
A. Because these things happen so rarely
B. Because these things do not have much impact on their daily life
C. Because British people always seem to be talking about the weather
D. Because British people believe it is easy to adapt to extreme situations
7. There is a saying that Britain doesn’t have a climate, it only has weather.
A. True
B. False
8. In Britain, there can be cool (even cold) days in… and some quite warm days in…
A. July, February
B. June, January
C. July, January
D. June, February
9. Which of the following statements about the land and settlement of Britain is false?
A. Much of the land is used for human habitation
B. Britain is an island under constant attack from the surrounding sea
C. Mountainous areas are found only in the south and east
D. Human influence has been extensive
10. According to the graph ‘Britain and Ireland: where people live’, how many major cities are
there in Northern Ireland?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
11. What is the main topography of south and east Britain?
A. Plains and valleys
B. Plains and high mountains
C. Hills and plains
D. Hills and mountains
12. Britain has a greater proportion of grassland than any other country in Europe except…
A. Ireland
B. France
C. Germany
D. Italy
13. The English and the… don’t like living in blocks of flats in city centres.
A. Scottish
B. Irish
C. British
D. Welsh
14. The word ‘smog’ that was first used in Britain referred to…
A. Weather
B. Polluted environment
C. The place to catch the early dawn
D. Where the dawn of mankind originates
15. The word ‘smog’ was used to describe a mixture of…-> smoke and fog
16. The term ‘pea-soupers’ can be understood as…
A. big rivers
B. thick smogs
C. the River Thames
D. fields with hedgerows
17. When did the atmospheric condition called ‘smog’ in London reach its worst point?
A. In 1949
B. In 1950
C. In 1951
D. In 1952
18. Which of the following statements about the environment and pollution in Britain is true?
A. By the end of the 1950s it was said to be possible to catch fish in the Thames outside
Parliament
B. In the middle years of the nineteenth century, nothing happened to people who fell into the
Thames
C. It was in Britain that the word ‘smog’ was first used
D. The great increase in the use of the motor car in the last quarter of the twentieth century has
caused an increase in a new kind of noise pollution
19. Until the 1960s, the first thing that happened to people who fell into the Thames in London
was that they were rushed to hospital to have their… pumped.
A. stomachs
B. mouths
C. veins
D. legs
20. In Britain, various attempts at using ‘green’ energy sources are being made, except for…
A. solar power
B. tidal power
C. geothermal power
D. wind power
21. London is about… times larger than any other city in the country.
A. four
B. five
C. six
D. seven
22. About a… of the total population of the UK lives in the wider London area.
A. third
B. fourth
C. fifth
D. sixth
23. The original walled city of London is known informally today as…
A. ‘the rectangle mile’
B. ‘the square mile’
C. ‘the triangle mile’
D. ‘the circle mile’
24. Which of the following statements about London is false?
A. London is the largest city in Europe and it dominates Britain
B. The original walled city of London was huge
C. During the daytime, nearly a million people work in the square mile, but less than 8,000 people
actually live there
D. A survey carried out in the 1980s found that 137 different languages were spoken in the homes
of just one district
25. Which area of London is the home of the Cockney?
A. The West End
B. The North End
C. The East End
D. The South End
3.HISTORY
Thousands of years ago, Great Britain was joined to Europe and was covered with ice. About
15,000 years ago, the weather became warmer. The ice melted and the sea level rose. Great Britain
became an island about 8000 years ago.Celtic people called Britons settles (định cư) in Britain.
They were warriors (chiến binh) and farmers who were skilled metal workers (những người thợ
kim hoàn lành nghề). They built villages and hill forts (pháo đài), and used iron weapons and
tools. Celts called Gaels lived in Ireland.
Quiz
1. Where was Stonehenge built?
A. Salisbury Pain
B. Amesbury
C. Sha 昀琀 esbury
2. What was the Hadrian's Wall built by the Romans for?
A. To protect Britannia (English-Sco 琀�sh border) from the Scots and the Picts.
B. To mark it as a special building at the 琀椀 me.
C. They want to create the founda 琀椀 on of a modern system.
3. What was one of the e 昀昀 ects of the German invasions on the countryside?
A. New farming methods
B. Founded thousands of self-su 昀케 cient villages
C. both answers
4. Where does the Roman province of Britannia cover most of the place today?
A. England and Scotland
B. Wales and Scotland
C. England and Wales
5. Which of these place names is of partly Roman origin?
A. Birmingham
B. Leeds
C. Manchester
6. Which people se 琀琀 led in large numbers in Britain?
A. The Anglo-Saxons
B. The Normans
C. The Romans
7. In which century was the last ba 琀琀 le to be fought on Bri 琀椀 sh soil?
A. The seventeenth
B. The eighteenth
C. The nineteenth
8. In what part of England is Wessex?
A. The north-West
B. The North-East
C. The South-West
9. What is the reason why Britain is being watched later than other lands?
A. Geographically separate from other regions
B.The Britain is basically mo 琀椀 onless
C. A&B
10. How many troops did the Roman Empire land on the Bri 琀椀 sh island?
A. 1-2 thousand troops
B. 4-5 thousand troops
C. 3-4 thousand troops
11. Who was the protector of England against Saxon invasion in the early 6th century?
A. King Arthur
B. Duke William
C. King Henry II
12. What event happened on October 14, 1066?
A. A large part of eastem Ireland was controlled by Anglo Norman
B. The Ba 琀琀 le of Has 琀椀 ngs between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of
Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson
C. Harold was forced to march south swi 昀琀 ly, gathering forces as he went
13. When was Stonehenge built?
A. Some 琀椀 me between 2000 and 1000 BC
B. Some 琀椀 me between 2500 and 1500 BC
C. Some 琀椀 me between 2500 and 1000 BC
14. Places like Chester, Lancaster and Gloucester refer to the presence of which period?

A. The Germanic invasions ( 410-

1066)
 B. The medieval period
(1066-1485)
C. The Roman period (43-
410)
15. Britain experienced another
wave of Germanic invasions in the
eight century. Which invaders
are they?
A. King Arthur, Norsemen or
Danes
B. Vikings, Norsemen or
Danes
C. Vikings, King Arthur or
Danes
16. What dress and language did
the Romans encourage for their way
of life and culture?
A. Roman dress and the
Roman language (La 琀椀 n)
 B. Great Britain dress and
the Roman language (La 琀椀 n)
C. Roman dress and the
Welsh language
17. What did the Romans leave
behind to form the basis of a modern
system and a developed
language?
A. They bequeathed a
system of security and administra 琀
椀 on parts of Europe
B. They bequeathed a
system of educa 琀 椀 on and
administra 琀椀 on parts of Europe
C. They bequeathed a
system of law and administra 琀椀 on
parts of Europe
 18. Which statement in not
TRUE when it comes to the poli 琀椀
cal independence of Scotland in the
lawland part up the country?
A. The Anglo-Saxon 11
here was strengthened by the arrival of
many Saxon aristocrats 昀氀 eeing
the Norman conquest of England
B. The Cel 琀椀 c kings
saw that the adop 琀 椀 on of an
Anglo-Norman style of government
would
strengthen royal power
C. The poli 琀椀 cal of
Scotland prevented a gradual switch to
English language and customs
19. What is the date on which
an invading army from Nor-mandy
defeated the English at the
Ba 琀琀 le of Has 琀椀 ngs?
A. On 13 October 1295
B. On 14 October 1066
A. The Germanic invasions ( 410-1066)
B. The medieval period (1066-1485)
C. The Roman period (43-410)
15. Britain experienced another wave of Germanic invasions in the eight century. Which invaders
are they?
A. King Arthur, Norsemen or Danes
B. Vikings, Norsemen or Danes
C. Vikings, King Arthur or Danes
16. What dress and language did the Romans encourage for their way of life and culture?
A. Roman dress and the Roman language (La 琀椀 n)
B. Great Britain dress and the Roman language (La 琀椀 n)
C. Roman dress and the Welsh language
17. What did the Romans leave behind to form the basis of a modern system and a developed
language?
A. They bequeathed a system of security and administra 琀椀 on parts of Europe
B. They bequeathed a system of educa 琀椀 on and administra 琀椀 on parts of Europe
C. They bequeathed a system of law and administra 琀椀 on parts of Europe
18. Which statement in not TRUE when it comes to the poli 琀椀 cal independence of Scotland in
the
lawland part up the country?
A. The Anglo-Saxon 11 here was strengthened by the arrival of many Saxon aristocrats 昀 氀
eeing
the Norman conquest of England
B. The Cel 琀 椀 c kings saw that the adop 琀 椀 on of an Anglo-Norman style of government
would
strengthen royal power
C. The poli 琀椀 cal of Scotland prevented a gradual switch to English language and customs
19. What is the date on which an invading army from Nor-mandy defeated the English at the
Ba 琀琀 le of Has 琀椀 ngs?
A. On 13 October 1295
B. On 14 October 1066
C. On 13 October 1066
20. What wars did King Richard I spend most of his reign 昀椀 gh 琀椀 ng in the cru-sades?
A. Between Chris 琀椀 ans and Muslims
B. Between Israel and Pales 琀椀 ne
C. Between Catholics and Huguenots
21. In what century did Britain experienced another German invasion?
A. 7th century
B. 8th century
C. 4th century
22. In the ninth century, what regions did they conquer and se 琀琀 le?
A. North and west of Scotland
B. South and west of Scotland
C. North and south of Scotland
23. During the Germanic invasions, which two tribes appeared?
A. Cel 琀椀 c and Saxons
B. Angles and Saxons
C. Saxons and Roman
HISTORY 2
1. What kind of serious epidemic appeared was in England in the 16th century?
A. The Bubonic plague
B. The Flu epidemic
C. The Cholera
6. The middle class (mainly Puritans) thrived under which king’s reign?
A. Henry VIII
B. James I & Charles I
C. Charles II
7. At the end of the Civil war in the 17th century, what punishment did Charles I
su 昀昀 er?
A. suicidal
B. exile
C. executed
8. In what year was the law of Succession (which s 琀椀 pulates that only Protestants
could inherit the throne) was implemented?
A. 1701
B. 1702
C. 1703
9. Victory over mighty Armada (Spain) 昀氀 eet made Britain begin to become the
country with:
A. The greatest Ground Force
B. The greatest Air Force
C. The greatest Naval Force
10. In the 琀椀 me of James I, what happened to England?
A. collec 琀椀 ng taxes indiscriminately, and without control
B. power is divided
C. A&B
11. At the end of the 70s of the 19th century – the beginning of the 20th
century, Britain s 琀椀 ll dominated in terms of:
A. 昀椀 nance, export capital, commerce, naval and colonial.
B. naval and commercial.
C. 昀椀 nance and export capital.
D. mari 琀椀 me and commercial.
12. Since the late 70s, how has the Bri 琀椀 sh industry been?
A. Top of the world
B. Second in the world
C. Loss of monopoly posi 琀椀 on
D. The most backward in Europe
13. In which 昀椀 eld is Britain self-su 昀케 cient in only one third of its needs?
A. Machines
B. Food
C. Currency
D. Steel output
14. At the end of the 70s of the nineteenth century – the beginning of the
twen 琀椀 eth century, which capitalist countries developed strongly and surpassed
England?
A. France, Germany
B. America, France
C. America, Germany
D. Japan, America
15. What are the characteris 琀椀 cs of Bri 琀椀 sh na 琀椀 onalism?
A. Colonial imperialism.
B. Usury imperialism.
C. Militaris 琀椀 c and belligerent imperialism.
D. All of the above characteris 琀椀 cs.
16. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has been a
member of the European Union since?
A. 1976
B. 1973
C. 1975
D. 1972
IDENTITY
1.Ethnic identity: the native British
National loyalities: Ethnic identity: can be strong among the people in Britian whose ancestors
were not English
2. Scottish identity
Important aspects of public life (education,law, religion) are organized separately and differently
The Scottish way of speaking English is very distinctive
Many symbols of Scottichness are well-know: Thristle, Lion Rampant
3. Wales identity
Important symbol of Welsh identity - the Wales language.
4. Northern Ireland
Ethnicity, family,politics and religion are all interrelated
5. Ethnic identity: the non-native British
Accounts for 6% of population
Monarchy
Elizabeth : born 21 april 1926
Be queen: 6 February 1952
+Queen Elizabeth II is a “constitutional monarch” (quân chủ lập hiến)
+ Run by the government and led by the Prime Minister
+The Queen lives at Buckingham Palace in London.
The Royal Arms we see today have evolved over nine centuries, since Richard the Lionheart chose
three lions to represent England. This symbol on the King's shield (khiên) would immediately
identify him in the midst of battle.
The full version of the Royal Coat of Arms (quốc huy) is now used only by the Queen in her
capacity (tư cách) as the Sovereign (chủ quyền). In the version used by the government and
consequently as the official coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland, the crown is shown resting directly on the shield, with the helm, crest and mantling not
displayed (like in the black and white photo above).
The Queen has a separate version of her arms for use in Scotland, giving the Scottish elements
pride of place
+ The longest reigning monarch is Queen Victoria who reigned for 63 years Money
The British currency is the pound sterling. The sign for the pound is £
The British Government
+The two Houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (the House of Lords and the House of
Commons) are based at The Palace of Westminster, also known as the Houses of Parliament, in
London.
+The palace lies on the north bank of the River Thames in the London borough of the City of
Westminster, close to the government buildings of Whitehall.Parliament decides the laws and
make decisions on running the UK. (Some issues in Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland are now
dealt with by their respective parliaments and assemblies.) There has been a parliament at
Westminster since the 13th Century.
The UK government is normally formed by the leader of the party that wins the most seats in the
general election. All actions by the government - and particularly its proposals (đề xuất sửa đổi) to
amend or create laws - are scrutinised (được xem xét kỹ lưỡng) within parliament.
Introduction to School Life
Education is an important part of British life. There are hundreds of schools, colleges and
universities, including some of the most famous in the world.
Education is free and compulsory (bắt buộc) for all children between the ages of 5 - 16. Some
children are educated at home rather than in school.
Children's education in England is normally divided into two separate stages. They begin with
primary education at the age of five and this usually lasts until they are eleven. Then they move to
secondary school, there they stay until they reach sixteen, seventeen or eighteen years of age
Teachers in primary schools ( 4 - 11 year olds) are always addressed by their surname by parents
and pupils alike, always Mr, Mrs or Miss Smith.…. In secondary schools (11 - 16 years), teachers
are usually addressed as Miss or Sir.