SSET’S
S. G. BALEKUNDRI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
Shivabasavanagar, Belagavi (Karnataka)
An ISO 21001:2018 certified institution
Department of Computer Science & Business System Engineering
Accredited by NBA
REPORT ON
NON CREDIT MANDATORY COURSE
NSS (BNSK459)
2023-24 to 2025-26
“ORGANIC FARMING AND INDIAN AGRICULTURE”
COURSE CODE: BNSK459
SEMESTER: 3RD
Submitted by
Name: ADARSH NAYAK
USN : 2BU22CS005
2023-24
Course Coordinator HOD
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sl.No. Particulars Page No.
1 Introduction of the Topic Selected
2 Location of the activity to be conducted
3 Action Plan for Execution of the activity
4 Overall Contribution towards society
5 Overall Estimation of the activity
6 Brief Description of the activity
7 Case Study
8 Sector Wise Study
9 Photo Gallery
10 Overall Experience of the activity
Introduction of Organic Farming and Indian Agriculture:
Organic farming is an agricultural method that emphasizes
sustainability, biodiversity, and the use of natural inputs to cultivate
crops and raise livestock. It avoids synthetic fertilizers, pesticides,
genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and promotes soil health, water
conservation, and ecological balance. Organic farming practices aim to
minimize environmental impact while producing healthy, nutritious
food. In recent years, there has been a growing global interest in organic
farming due to concerns about food safety, environmental
sustainability, and human health.
Indian Agriculture: Past, Present, and Future:
Past:
India has a rich agricultural history dating back thousands of years.
Traditional farming methods were deeply rooted in the principles of
sustainability, biodiversity, and community cooperation. Practices such
as crop rotation, mixed cropping, and organic farming were prevalent.
Present:
In recent decades, Indian agriculture has undergone significant changes
due to factors such as population growth, urbanization,
industrialization, and globalization. Intensive farming methods,
including the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, have become
widespread to meet the growing demand for food. However, this has led
to concerns about soil degradation, water pollution, and loss of
biodiversity. Additionally, small-scale farmers face challenges such as
land fragmentation, lack of access to credit, and market volatility.
Future:
The future of Indian agriculture lies in sustainable practices that
prioritize environmental conservation, farmer livelihoods, and food
security. There is a growing recognition of the importance of organic
farming, agroecology, and climate-resilient crops in building a more
resilient and equitable food system. Government initiatives such as the
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture and the Paramparagat
Krishi Vikas Yojana promote organic farming and support farmers in
adopting sustainable practices. However, achieving a sustainable
agricultural future will require concerted efforts from policymakers,
farmers, consumers, and other stakeholders.
LOCATION OF THE ACTIVITY :
To perform the Organic Farming activity I and my team visited the
Organic Field at Halaga , Belagavi ,Karnataka.
Action Plan for Execution of the activity :
SL NO. ACTION PLAN
1 Communicating with the Authority
2 Education and Awareness Campaigns
3 Choice of field
4 Enhanced Recycling Program
5 Study about Organic farming
6 Visit to Field
Overall Contribution towards society :
The overall contribution of organic farming and improved connectivity
for marketing towards society is multifaceted and significant:
Environmental Sustainability: Organic farming practices prioritize soil
health, biodiversity conservation, and water conservation, leading to
reduced soil erosion, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. By
adopting organic methods and minimizing chemical inputs, organic
farmers contribute to mitigating climate change and preserving natural
ecosystems for future generations.
Health and Well-being: Organic produce is free from synthetic
pesticides, hormones, and genetically modified organisms, making it
healthier and safer for consumers. By promoting organic farming and
facilitating market access for organic produce, society benefits from
improved food safety, reduced exposure to harmful chemicals, and
enhanced nutrition, leading to better public health outcomes and overall
well-being.
Rural Livelihoods and Poverty Alleviation: Improved connectivity for
marketing enables small-scale organic farmers to access premium
markets, earn fair prices for their produce, and diversify their income
sources. This contributes to poverty alleviation, rural development, and
empowerment of marginalized communities, fostering inclusive growth
and reducing income disparities in society.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Organic farming and enhanced
market connectivity align with several United Nations Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), including Zero Hunger, Good Health and
Well-being, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Climate Action, and
Responsible Consumption and Production. By promoting sustainable
agriculture, equitable market access, and holistic development, these
initiatives contribute to achieving the SDGs and building a more
resilient and equitable society.
Cultural Heritage and Traditional Knowledge: Organic farming practices
often draw upon traditional knowledge, indigenous wisdom, and
cultural heritage, preserving traditional farming methods and
promoting cultural diversity. By valuing and supporting traditional
farming communities, society acknowledges the importance of cultural
heritage in sustainable development and fosters intergenerational
learning and knowledge exchange.
Overall Estimation of the activity:
The waste management activity outlined encompasses a
comprehensive approach to addressing waste generation
and disposal challenges at the college level. By
implementing the suggested action plan, colleges can
anticipate a significant positive impact on their campuses
and surrounding communities.
In terms of environmental benefits, colleges can expect to
see a reduction in the volume of waste sent to landfills
through enhanced recycling and composting initiatives. This
decrease in landfill waste will help conserve natural
resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with
waste decomposition, and mitigate environmental pollution.
From a social perspective, the waste management activity
will foster a culture of environmental responsibility and
community engagement among students, faculty, and staff..
Community involvement in clean-up events and
sustainability initiatives will strengthen ties between the
college and the surrounding area, promoting a sense of civic
pride and collective responsibility for environmental
stewardship.
Economically, colleges can anticipate both short and long-
term benefits from investing in waste management
initiatives. While initial implementation costs may be
incurred, the long-term savings from reduced waste
disposal fees and increased resource recovery opportunities
will likely outweigh these expenses.
Overall, the waste management activity presents a holistic
approach to addressing waste-related challenges at the
college level, offering a range of social, environmental, and
economic benefits that contribute to a more sustainable and
resilient campus community.
Brief Description of the activity:
Our team visited for Organic Farming and Indian
Agriculture activity at Halaga , Belagavi
The activity involves implementing organic farming practices,
revitalizing Indian agriculture, and improving connectivity for
marketing organic produce. This multifaceted endeavor aims to
promote environmental sustainability, enhance farmer livelihoods, and
ensure food security.
Transition to Organic Farming:
Farmers are encouraged and supported to adopt organic farming
practices, which involve avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
while emphasizing soil health and biodiversity.
Training programs, technical assistance, and access to organic inputs
such as compost and biofertilizers are provided to assist farmers in
making the transition.
The goal is to promote sustainable agricultural practices that minimize
environmental impact and produce healthy, nutritious food.
Revitalizing Indian Agriculture:
Efforts are made to revitalize Indian agriculture by promoting
sustainability, resilience, and inclusivity.
This involves policy interventions, investment in research and
development, infrastructure development, and capacity-building
initiatives.
The aim is to build a more resilient agricultural system that can
withstand the challenges posed by climate change, socio-economic
disparities, and market volatility.
Improving Connectivity for Marketing:
Measures are taken to improve market connectivity for organic
produce, enabling farmers to access fair prices and lucrative markets.
Initiatives include the establishment of farmer producer organizations
(FPOs), development of market linkages, promotion of certification and
quality assurance mechanisms, and consumer awareness campaigns.
The objective is to create a conducive market environment for organic
farmers, reducing dependence on intermediaries and ensuring direct
access to consumers.
CASE STUDY:
HALAGA’s Organic Farming
Background:
Halaga, located in Belagavi district of Karnataka, India, is
characterized by its agricultural significance and cultural
heritage. The region boasts a rich history of traditional
farming practices deeply rooted in the local community.
Over the years, Halaga has witnessed a gradual shift
towards modern agriculture, with an increasing focus on
organic farming and sustainable agricultural practices. This
transition aligns with broader national efforts to promote
environmental sustainability, farmer livelihoods, and food
security. As a focal point for agricultural innovation and
experimentation, Halaga serves as an ideal location for
studying the implementation of organic farming,
agricultural revitalization, and marketing connectivity
initiatives. Through collaborative efforts and community
engagement, Halaga exemplifies the potential for
transforming Indian agriculture towards a more sustainable
and resilient future.
Action Plan Implementation:
1. Communicating with the Authority:
Establish direct communication channels with relevant
government authorities, agricultural departments, and
local administration to discuss the objectives,
requirements, and support needed for implementing
organic farming initiatives.Seek guidance, permissions, and
necessary approvals to proceed with the proposed
activities, ensuring alignment with regulatory frameworks
and policies.
2. Education and Awareness Campaigns: Develop
comprehensive education and awareness campaigns
targeting farmers, community members, and stakeholders
about the benefits and practices of organic farming.Utilize
various communication channels such as workshops,
seminars, farmer training programs, pamphlets, and digital
media to disseminate information and engage the target
audience effectively.
3. Choice of Field: Conduct a thorough assessment of
potential fields in the Halaga region, considering factors
such as soil quality, water availability, land tenure, and
accessibility.Collaborate with local farmers and
landowners to identify suitable fields for implementing
organic farming practices, ensuring mutual
understanding, and cooperation.
4. Enhanced Recycling Program: Implement an enhanced
recycling program aimed at managing organic waste,
agricultural residues, and other bioresources effectively.
Establish composting facilities, bioenergy generation
units, or other recycling infrastructure to convert organic
waste into valuable resources for organic farming.
5. Study about Organic Farming:Conduct a comprehensive
study on organic farming practices, including soil health
management, crop rotation, pest and disease control, and
organic certification processes.Engage agricultural
experts, researchers, and practitioners to gather insights,
best practices, and case studies relevant to the local
context in Halaga.
6. Visit to Field:Organize field visits to selected farms in
Halaga to observe and learn from ongoing organic farming
activities firsthand.Facilitate interactions between
farmers, experts, and community members to exchange
knowledge, experiences, and practical insights on organic
farming techniques and challenges.Document
observations, lessons learned, and success stories from
the field visits to inform future decision-making and
program implementation.
Outcomes:
Improved Communication and Collaboration:Enhanced
communication channels with authorities lead to better
coordination and support for organic farming initiatives,
fostering collaboration between government agencies, local
communities, and stakeholders.
Increased Awareness and Adoption of Organic Farming:
Education and awareness campaigns result in greater
understanding and acceptance of organic farming practices
among farmers and community members, leading to
increased adoption and implementation of sustainable
agricultural techniques.
Selection of Suitable Fields for Organic Farming:
Through careful assessment and consultation with local
stakeholders, appropriate fields are identified and
designated for organic farming, ensuring optimal soil
health, water management, and accessibility.
Effective Organic Waste Management:Implementation of
an enhanced recycling program results in improved
management of organic waste and agricultural residues,
leading to the production of high-quality compost and
bioresources for organic farming.
Enhanced Knowledge and Skills in Organic Farming:
Comprehensive studies and field visits provide farmers,
experts, and community members with valuable
knowledge, practical insights, and hands-on experience in
organic farming practices, contributing to skill development
and capacity-building.
Increased Productivity and Sustainability:Adoption of
organic farming techniques improves soil fertility, enhances
biodiversity, and reduces reliance on synthetic inputs,
leading to increased productivity, resilience, and
sustainability of agricultural systems in the Halaga region.
Empowered Farmers and Communities:
Engagement in organic farming initiatives empowers
farmers and communities to take ownership of their
agricultural practices, build resilience to environmental
challenges, and secure livelihoods through diversified and
sustainable farming enterprises.
Positive Environmental and Socio-Economic Impacts:
The transition to organic farming and sustainable
agriculture leads to positive environmental outcomes,
including reduced chemical pollution, improved water
quality, and conservation of natural resources. Additionally,
it contributes to socio-economic development by creating
employment opportunities, enhancing food security, and
promoting rural prosperity in the Halaga region.
Overall, the outcomes of the action plan contribute to the
advancement of organic farming, environmental
sustainability, and community resilience in Halaga,
reflecting a holistic approach towards achieving long-term
agricultural prosperity and well-being
Sector Wise Study:
Sector-wise study involves conducting in-depth research and analysis
of specific sectors within the agricultural landscape of a particular
region. It aims to understand the various components, dynamics, and
interactions within each sector to inform decision-making and
development strategies. In the context of Halaga, Belagavi, a sector-
wise study would focus on key aspects such as agricultural practices,
soil health, water management, livestock integration, market dynamics,
policy frameworks, and institutional support relevant to organic
farming and sustainable agriculture.
Agricultural Practices and Techniques:
Evaluate traditional and modern agricultural practices, including
cropping patterns, irrigation methods, and pest control strategies.
Assess the suitability and adoption of organic farming practices like
crop rotation, companion planting, and natural pest management.
Soil Health and Nutrient Management:
Analyze soil health indicators such as pH levels, organic matter content,
and nutrient availability.Investigate the effectiveness of organic soil
amendments in enhancing soil fertility and structure.
Crop Diversity and Agroecosystem Resilience:
Study the diversity of crops grown in the region and their resilience to
environmental stressors.Explore opportunities for promoting crop
diversification, intercropping, and agroforestry systems.
Water Management and Conservation:
Assess water management practices, including irrigation efficiency and
rainwater harvesting.
Identify strategies for optimizing water resources and mitigating water
scarcity through sustainable practices.
Livestock Integration and Organic Animal Husbandry:
Examine the integration of livestock into agricultural systems and its
impact on soil health and nutrient cycling.Evaluate organic animal
husbandry practices for improving animal welfare and product quality.
Market Dynamics and Value Chain Analysis:
Analyze market trends, demand-supply dynamics, and price
fluctuations for organic produce.
Conduct a value chain analysis to identify opportunities for value
addition and market access improvement.
Policy and Institutional Support:
Review existing agricultural policies, programs, and support
mechanisms relevant to organic farming.
Identify gaps and opportunities for policy interventions and
institutional support to promote organic agriculture and enhance
farmer livelihoods.
By conducting a thorough sector-wise study, stakeholders can gain
insights into the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
within each sector, enabling them to develop targeted interventions
and strategies for promoting organic farming and sustainable
agriculture in Halaga, Belagavi.
Photo Gallery:
Overall Experience of the activity:
The overall experience of the activity, which encompassed
exploring organic farming, revitalizing Indian agriculture,
and improving market connectivity, was highly
enlightening and enriching.
Interacting with farmers, agricultural experts, and
community members in Halaga provided valuable insights
into their experiences, challenges, and aspirations. Learning
directly from the people involved in agricultural practices
deepened our understanding of the local context and
fostered meaningful connections. Visiting fields in Halaga
allowed us to witness firsthand the implementation of
organic farming techniques and sustainable agricultural
practices. Observing the techniques in action, such as crop
rotation, composting, and natural pest management,
provided tangible examples of the benefits of organic
agriculture.
Conducting education and awareness campaigns helped
raise awareness about the importance of organic farming
and sustainable agriculture among farmers and the wider
community. Empowering farmers with knowledge and
skills through workshops, seminars, and training programs
was essential for driving adoption and behavior change.
Despite encountering challenges such as limited resources,
logistical constraints, and regulatory hurdles, the
experience was marked by resilience, creativity, and
determination. Identifying opportunities for innovation,
collaboration, and policy advocacy helped overcome
barriers and advance the objectives of the initiative. The
activity yielded positive outcomes, including increased
adoption of organic farming practices, improved market
connectivity for organic produce, and enhanced resilience
of agricultural systems. These outcomes contributed to
environmental sustainability, farmer livelihoods, and food
security in the Halaga region.
