(Financial Accounting) created by ----SKWASIMUDDIN

• Define Share and Debenture and draw a distinction between the two.
• What do you understand by Trial Balance?
• What are the objectives of keeping Branch Accounts?
• What is the difference between Rent and Royalty?
• What do you understand by Receipt and Payment A/C?
• What are the uses of Tally?
• What is the amalgamation of firms?
• Define ledger. What are the objects of the ledger?
• What is the meaning of departmental accounts? Describe its advantages. What is
the difference between Branches and departments?
• Verma traders bought machinery on 1st April 2018 for Rs. 11900 and spent Rs.
1500 on its establishment. The estimated life of the machine is five years. After
which its residual value is estimated at Rs. 1400. Calculate annual depreciation
according to the fixed installment method and prepare the machine account for
the first three years.
• Define computerized accounting system. Difference between manual and
computerized accounting systems.
• Write short notes on the following - (1) Goods-in-transit (2) Cash-in-transit (3)
Inter-branch transactions.
• What entries will be passed in the books of the Landlord under different
conditions?
• Show Journal Entries in the books of the Head Office to incorporate the trial
balance of the branch.
• What do you mean by a hire-purchase system? How does it differ from the
installment system?
• Explain the decision in the Garner Vs Murray case. Is this decision followed in
India?
• Write notes on any two of the following: (a) Preferential creditors (b) Statement
of affairs (c) Receipt & Payment account
• Write short notes on the following:- Cost Concept, Revenue Profit, Address
Commission, Short Working, Claim for increased cost, Patent Royalty,
Partnership Deed, and Memorandum Revolution Account.
• What do you mean by Free Repair by the vendor?
• What is an interest suspense account?
• What are the advantages of Department Accounting to the Trader?
• What is a double-column cash book?
• State the meaning of transfer in the balancing system.
• What is the average clause?
• How Voyage Account prepared? Explain with illustration.
• How is stock on the date of fire calculated?
 • What is a Realisation Account? What is the difference between a Realisation and a
Revaluation account?
• Discuss the nature and uses of the ledgers maintained under the sectional balancing
system.
• What do you mean by a Hire Purchase Trading account?
• What do you mean by generating a profit share to a partner?
• Write a short note on the following: Unrealised Profit, Assignment
• Explain the maximum loss method of piecemeal.
• What is the difference between Capital and Reserve Expenditure?
• When the Branch stock adjustment account is prepared.
• How to the rate of gross profit calculated for the purpose of insurance of loss of profit.
• Explain the various steps for computing the amount of claim under the loss of profit
policy.
• Explain in detail - accounting concepts and conventions with examples.
• What do you mean by installment payment System? How the Journal Entries are passed
in this system.
• What are the uses of Tally?
• What is NPO?
• What is the Consolidation of Farms?
2 Marks Important Questions
1. What is meant by Dead Rent?
2. b) Mention any two objectives of Financial Accounting.
3. What is royalty?
4. What is a Realisation Account?
5. d) What is single entry system ?
6. g) What do you mean by purchase consideration ?
7. What do you mean by Accounting Standards ?
8. Define GAAP. (they will ask
9. List any four accounting standards
10. State two features of hire purchase system

6 Marks Important Questions

11. Briefly discuss the users of accounting information.
12. Describe any three advantages and three limiihtions of FinanciatAccounting.
13. Discuss the users of Accounting lnformation.
14. What are the Functions of accountung ?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B.com 1st Year First Paper Business Organisation And Management

• Describe the main features of cooperative organization.

• Explain the difference between private companies and public companies.
• Describe the main features of a multinational company.
• What do you understand by profession?
• Who are the promoters?
• Define One Person Company.
• Indicate the criteria available to measure the size of the business unit.
• Explain cellular construction.
• Define business combination.
• Enumerate the merits of rationalization.
• How is business different from a profession? Explain
• Write the difference between industry and commerce.
• List the types of cooperative societies.
• Throw light on the types of promoters.
• Briefly explain vertical, horizontal, and diagonal business combinations.
• Find the difference between nationalization and rationalization.
• Describe the various techniques of the business combination and also state its
demerits.
• Business is the mirror of society, in light of this statement, point out the concept,
scope, and importance of business.
• Mention the functions and duties of the promoters. What are the steps involved
in the promotion of a new business? Make them understand.
• What is the optimum size of the business unit? Also, list the factors affecting the
optimum size.
• Explain commerce.
• Describe the importance of business organization in the context of Indian
conditions.
• Explain the increasing importance of business communication in modern times.
• Describe the elements of business letters. Give a sample of a business letter.
• Briefly describe the following - Fax, e-mail, and video conferencing.
• What are the challenges and opportunities of multinational companies in India?
Explain
• Discuss the role of social media in modern business.
• Define organization. How does it differ from management?
• Write short notes on- (a) the Process of control (b) Venture capital (c) the
Product life cycle (d) McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y.
• What are the Articles of Association? Describe its contents or subject matter.
• Discuss the scientific management theory of Taylor.
• What do you mean by multiple shops? Describe its characteristics.
• What is the combination? Explain the causes of the combination.
• What is meant by the departmental store? What are its features? Throw light on
the merits and demerits of the department stores.
• What do you mean by the optimum size of a business unit? Describe the factors
affecting the size of a business unit.
 BC-01
Financial Accounting
वित्‍तीय ल‍खांक न
अवत खघुत्तरकत्म प्रश्न‍(Very Short Questions)
1 Define Accounting.
लेखाकंन को पररभाषषत कीषजए?
2 Who are the users of accounting information?
लेखांकन सचू नाओ ं के प्रयोगकर्तताा क न ह?
3 What do you understand by accounting concept?
लेखाकंन अवधारणा से आप क्या समझते ह?
4 Explain the meaning of feasibility?
सगु मता का अथा बताइये?
5 What is accounting period concept?
लेखा अवषध अवधारणा क्या ह?
6 What are the rules of making journal entries in accounts?
खातों में रोजनामचा करने के क्या षनयम ह?
7 What are special purpose subsidiary books?
षवशेष उद्देश्य की सहायक पस्ु तकें क्या ह?
8 Different between sales Book & sales account?
षवक्रय बही एवं षवक्रय खाते में अन्तर बताइये?
9 Explain are difference between capital expenditure & Revenue expenditure?
पंजू ीगत व्यय एवं आयगत व्यय में अन्तर बताइये?
10 What do you mean by accounting principals?
लेखाक ं न षसद्धान्तों से आप क्या समझते ह?
11 “Is it possible to combine two or more transaction is a single in journal?
क्या राजनामचे में दो या दो से अषधक लेन देनों के लेखे में षलखना सम्भव ह?
12 Explain the difference between trial Balance & Balance Sheet?
तलपट तथा षचट्टे में अन्तर बताइये?
13 Which Book is known as invoice book?
क नसी बही को बीजक बही का नाम षदया जाता ह?
14 When posting in done in ledger?
खाताबही में खत नी कब की जाती ह?
15 What is a ledger?
एक खाताबही क्या ह?
16 What does the debit Balance of personal account?
व्यषगगत खाते का डेषबट शेष क्या बताता ह?
17 What is suspense account?
उचन्ती खाता क्या ह?
18 What is compensating error?
श्रषतपरू क अशषु द्धयां क्या ह?
19 Give one object of a Trial Balance.
तलपट का एक उद्देश्य बताइये
20 What types of errors which do not affect the trial Balance?
वे क नसे प्रकार की अशषु द्धयां ह जो तलपट पर प्रभाव नही डालती ?
21 When is suspense account opened?
उचन्ती खाता कब बनाया जाता ह?
22 Give one courses of one sided error.
एक पक्षीय त्रषु ट का एक कारण बताइये
23 What is meant by Rectifying entry?
संशोषधत प्रषवषि से क्या आशय ह?
24 What is depriciation?
ह्रास क्या होता ह?
25 Explain two couses of providing depriciation.
ह्रास लगाने के दो कारण बताइये?
26 Give on advantage of fixed installment system?
स्थाई षकस्त पद्धषत का एक लाभ बतलाइये?
27 What is scrap value of an Assets?
सम्पषि का अवषश्‍ट म्‍ू य क्या कहलाता ह?
28 How are secret Reserve created?
गप्ु त सचं य का षनमााण कसे षकया जाता ह?
29 What is Profit and Loss?
लाभ हाषन क्या ह?
30 Explain one difference between Reserve & Provision?
संचय एवं आयोजन में एक अन्तर बताइये?
31 Explain one difference between Revenue Reserve & capital Reserve.
लाभगत संचय एवं पंजू ीगत संचय में एक अन्तर बताओ?
32 Are secret Reserve shown in the Balance sheet?
 क्या गप्ु त संचय षस्थषत षववरण में षदखाए जाते ह?
33 What statement are mainly included in find account?
अषन्तम खातों में मख्ु य ूपप से क न से षववरण शाषमल होते ह?
34 How will you show the interest on capital in final account.
पजंू ी पर ब्याज को आप अषन्तम खातों में कसे षदखागगं े?
35 What is Balance sheet?
षस्थषत षववरण क्या ह?
36 What is the Journal entry will be passed for prepaid insurance premium?
पवू दा र्तत बीमा प्रीषमयम की जनाल प्रषवषि क्या होती ह?
37 What are deferred Revenue expenditure?
स्थषगत लाभगत व्यय होते ह?
38 What is debtors system of Branch accounts?
शाखा में देनदार पद्धषत क्या ह?
39 What do you understand by inter Branch transaction?
अन्तर-शाखा व्यवहारों से आप क्या समझते ह?
40 “Explain Cash in Transit”?
“मागा में रोकड् को समझाइये?
41 What do you meant by shadow account?
छाया खातों से आप क्या समझते ह?
42 What is sectional balancing ledger?
वगीय सन्तल ु न खाताबही क्या ह?
43 What is self Balance system of Ledger?
खाता बषहयों की स्वकीय सतं ल ु न प्रणाली क्या ह?
44 Difference between hire purchase system & installment payment system.
षकराया क्रयएवं षकश्त भगु तान प्रणाली में अन्तर कीषजए
45 Explain one point of difference between trading account & Profit & Loss account?
व्यापार खाता एवं लाभ हाषन खाते में एक अन्तर बतलाइये?
46 Write the name of ledger which is kept in sectional balancing system.
वगीय सन्तल ु न प्रणाली के अन्तर रखी जाने वाली खाता बही का नाम षलषखए
47 Give five transaction which will not appear in total Debtors account.
गसे पांच व्यवहारों के नाम बताइये षजन्हें कुल देनदारों में नहलि षलखा जाता ह
48 What is meant by contra Balance?
षवपरीत शेष से क्या आशय ह?
49 What is meant by sale of goods on consignment?
प्रेषण पर माल के षवक्रय से क्या आशय ह?
50 A consignment returned goods costing Rs. 8000 to consignor. Pass journal entry.
प्रषतषनषध द्वारा प्रधान को प्रेषषत माल में से 8000 ूपपये का लागत का माल वापस करने पर क्या प्रषवषि होगी?
51 Which commission is allowed to consignee for bearing the risk of debt realisation?
प्रषतषनषध को उधार षवक्रय की जोषखम के बदले षदया जाने वाला कमीशन क नसा ह?
52 Give one example of normal loss and abnormal loss.
सामान्य हाषन व असामान्य हाषन का उदाहरण दीषजए
53 What is hire purchase price?
षकराया क्रय म्‍ू य क्या ह?
54 What do you mean by hire purchase system?
षकराया क्रय पद्धषत से आपका क्या आशय ह?
55 What do you mean by arignment of rights by the hirer?
षकराया क्रेता द्वारा अषधकार के हस्तांकन से आपका क्या आशय ह?
56 Define Journal
जनाल को पररभाषषत कीषजए
57 To whom as 6 is related?
लेखा मानक 6 षकससे संबंषधत ह?
58 What do you mean by depreciable assets?
म्‍ू यह्रास यो्‍य सम्पषि यों से क्या आशय ह?
59 What do you mean by Trial Balance? Name three method of trial balance.
तलपट से आप क्या समझते ह? तलपट की तीन षवषधयों के नाम षलषखए
60 In which book the account are classified?
क नसी पस्ु तक में खातों का वगीकरण षकया जाता ह?
61 What will be written is Vishnu’s account on receiving Rs. 5000 from him.
षव्‍णु से प्राप्त 5000 ूपपये प्राप्त होने पर उसके खाते में क्या षलखा जाता ह?
62 What do you meant by contingent liabilities?
संषद्‍ध दाषयर्तव से आप क्या समझते ह?
63 What do you understand by fictitious Assets?
कृ षत्रम सम्पषि यों से आप क्या समझते ह?
64 What are compound entries?
षमषश्रत प्रषवषि क्या ह?
65 What is Debit note?
डेषबट नोट क्या ह?
66 What is meant by marshaling of items of Balance sheet?
षस्थषत षववरण की मदों की क्रमबद्धता का क्या आशय ह?
67 What are the similarities between trial Balance and Balance sheet?
 तलपट और षचट्टे में क्या समानता ं हे?
68 What is meant by full dis?
पणू ा प्रकटीकरण से क्या आशय ह?
69 Write the formula of Depreciation by fixed installment method.
स्थायी षकश्त षवषध से ह्रास ्ात करने का सत्रू षलषखए
70 What do you meant by scrap value of fixed assets?
स्थायी सम्पषि यों के अवषश्‍ट म्‍ू य से क्या आशय ह?
71 On what principle the valuations of closing stock is done?
अषन्तम रहषतये का म्‍ू याकं न षकस षसद्धान्त से षकया जाता ह?
72 Name the methods of joint venture account.
संयक्ु त साहस खाते की षवषधयों के नाम बताइये

खघुत्तरकत्म प्रश्न (Short Questions)

1 Define the purpose of maintaining subsidiary books.
सहायक पस्ु तकें रखने के उद्देश्यों को बताइये
2 Record the following transactions in purchase returns book.
क्रय वापसी पस्ु तकें में षनम्नाषकंत सोदे षलषखए
2010
June, 5 Returned goods to Ramesh broes. Rs. 500
जनू 5, रमेश बदसा को माल ल टाया ूप. 500
June 8, Returned goods to Sohan bros. Rs. 450
जनू 5, सोहन बदसा को माल ल टाया ूप. 450
Juen, 15 Returned goods to Prem & Co. Rs. 700
जनू 15 प्रेम एण्ड कंपनी को माल वापस षकया ूप. 700
3 What are the advantages of keeping ledger?
खाता बही रखने के क्या लाभ ह?
4 What is meant by balancing of accounts? Why an account is balanced?
खातों का शेष षनकालने का क्या अथा ह? एक खाते का शेष क्यों षनकाला जाता ह?
5 What do you mean by trial balance? What are its objects and functions?
तलपट षकसे कहते हैं? इसके उद्देश्य एवं काया क्या-क्या ह?
6 What is a suspense account? When it is opened and how it is closed?
 उचन्ती खाता क्या ह? यह कब खोला जाता ह और षकस प्रकार बन्द षकया जाता ह?
7 Rectify the following errors.
षनम्नषलषखत अशषु द्धयों के संशधे न की प्रषवषि कीषजए
(i) Furniture purchased for Rs. 4000 was debited to purchase account.
फनीचर की खरीद पर ूप. 4000 क्रय खाते में के षडट की ओर षलख षदए
(ii) Goods sold to Banuram for Rs. 1350 were entered in sales book as Rs. 1530.
बाबरू ाम को ूप. 1350 का माल बेचा गया षजसकी षवक्रय पस्ु तक में ूप. 1530 की प्रषवषि की गई
(iii) Rs. 750 paid to Ram for salary for the month of January was debited to his
personal.
राम को देय जनवरी महीने का वेतन ूप. 750 उसके व्यषगगत खाते में षलख षदया गया
8 What are the differences between fixed installment system & Reducing balance
method & Depreciation.
ह्रास की स्थायी पद्धषत तथा क्रमागत पद्धषत में क्या अन्तर ह?
9 A machinery was purchased for Rs. 40,000 on I st Jan. 2005 and spent Rs. 4000 on its
erection. The estimated effective life of the machine is 10 year break-up value of Rs.
3000 prepare machinery account providing depreciation for 5 years by fixed
Installment method.
जनवरी 2005 को एक मशीनरी ूप. 40,000 में क्रय की गई तथा उसे लगाने में ूप. 4000 व्यय हएए मशीन
का अनमु ाषनत जीवनकाल 10 वषा ह षजसके पश्चात अषवशषि म्‍ू य ूप. 3000 होगा स्थायी षकश्त पद्धषत
से प चं वषा के षलए ह्रास षदखाते हएए मशीनरी खाता बनाइये
10 The Balance of provision for bad debts account on 31st December 2006 was Rs. 8000.
In the year 2007 bad-debts written off were Rs. 2000. At the end of the same year Rs.
1000 are to be written off as further bad debts. at the end of year 2007 debtors were
Rs. 51000. The provision for bad debts is to be kept at 5% of debtor by the trader.
31 षदसम्बर 2006 को डूबत ऋणों के षलए आयोजन खाते का शेष 8000 ूपपये था इस वषा 2007 में डूबत
ऋण अपषलषखत षकये गए 2000 ूपपये इस वषा के अन्त में 1000 ूपपये के डूबत ऋण और अपषलषखत
करने ह वषा 2007 के अन्त में देनदार 51000 ूपपये के थे व्यापारी द्वारा डूबत ऋणों के षलए आयोजन
देनदारों पर 5 प्रषतशत की दर से बनाये रखा जाता ह
Prepare provision for Bad debts account & Bad debts account for the year 2007 from
the above information.
उपयाक्ु त सचू नाओ ं से वषा 2007 के षलए डूबत ऋण आयोजन खाता एवं डूबत ऋण खाता तयार कीषजए
11 What do you understand by secret reserve? How it is created?
गप्ु त संचय से आप क्या समझते ह? अषन्तम प्रषवषियों के चार उदाहरण दीषजए
12 What are closing entries? Give four examples of closing entries.
अषन्तम प्रषवषिय ं षकसे कहते ह? अषन्तम प्रषवषियों के चार षलए व्यापार खाता बनाइये
Rs.
Opening stockप्रारषम्भक सहषतयों 7500
Purchase क्रय 7500
Sales षवक्रय 10000
Sales Return षवक्रय वापसी 1000

Purchase Return क्रय वापसी 500

Carriage ढुलाई 750
Carriage outward ढुलाई षनगाम 500
octroi चंगु ी 500
factory expenses कारखाना व्यय 2500
Closing stock अषन्तम रहषतया 8000
14 What is profit & loss account? How does it differ from trading account?
लाभ हाषन खाता षकसे कहते ह? यह व्यापाररक खाते में षकस प्रकार षभन्न ह?
15 On 31st December, 2010 Sunday debtors of K. Bros. amounted to Rs. 582000 out of
which Rs. 2000 proved bad & is to be written off. A bad debts reserve of 2 ½ % is to
be created and a provision for discount is to be made at 1 ½ %. Give journal entries
recording the above transactions and show the position of final accounts.
के . बदसा की पस्ु तकों में 31 षदसम्बर 2010 को षवषवध देनदार ूप. 82000 अप्राप्य ऋण षसद्ध हएए और
इनको अपषलषखत करना ह उप्राप्य ऋणें के 2 ½ प्रषतशत संचय और कट ती के षलए 1 ½ प्रषतशत प्रावधान
करना ह उपयाक्ु त लेन देनों का लेखा करते हएए जनाल प्रषवषिय ं दीषजए और अषन्तम खातों की षस्थषत को
षदखाइये
16 What is Cash book? State different types of cash book.
रोकड़ बही क्या होती ह? षवषभन्न प्रकार की रोकड़ बषहयों का वणान कीषजए
17 Define depreciation and state why is it necessary to charge depreciation?
म्‍ू य ह्रास की पररभाषा दीषजए तथा बताइये षक म्‍ू य ह्रास अपषलषखत करना क्यों अषनवाया ह?
18 What points should be taken in mind while calculating the depreciation? explain.
 म्‍ू य ह्रास की गणना करने में षकन षकन बातों का ्‍यान रखना चाषहए? समझाइये
19 What is the difference between dual aspect concept and accounting period concept.
षद्व-पक्षीय संक्‍पना तथा लेखांकन अवषध संक्‍पना में क्या अन्तर ह?
20 Discuss the main difference between joint venture and partnership.
संयक्ु त साहस व साझेदारी में अन्तर को षवस्तार से समझाइये
21 Explain accounting methods for joint venture.
सयं क्ु त सहास के लेखाकंन की षवषधयों को समझाइये
22 Differentiate between the consignment and sale?
प्रेषण एवं षवक्रय में अन्तर बताइये
23 Give differences between Performa invoice?
सचू नाथा बीजक एवं बीजक में अन्तर बताइये
24 2000 tome coal at an invoice price of Rs. 13 per tonne was dispatched that cost price
of coal was Rs. 8 per tonne and carriage on it was Rs. 4000. 1520 tonne coal was sold
by the agent, the expenses on this was Rs. 1600 selling selling expenses 2.5%
brokerage and 5% commission the agent informed a shlestage of 100 tonne on the full
consignment due to dry up. calculate the amount of stock with agent. कोयला 13 ूपपये
प्रषतटन बीजक म्‍ू य पर भेजा गया 2000 टन कोयले का लागत म्‍ू य 8 ूपपये प्रषत टन था और उस पर
गाडी भाड़ा 4000 ूपपये था 1520 टन कोयला प्रषतषनषध द्वारा बेचा गया इस पर 1600 ूपपये षवक्रय व्यय
2.5 प्रषतशत दलाली व 5 प्रषतशत कमीशन षदया गया समस्त प्रेषण पर प्रषतषनषध ने 100 टन कोयला सूख
कर कमी होने की सचू ना भेजी प्रषतषनषध के पास शेष स्ट क का म्‍ू यांकन कीषजए
25 Discuss the lights & hire purchases.
षकराया क्रेता के अषधकारों का वणान कीषजए
26 Prepare hire purchases trading account by the following information’s while trader
salls goods on hire purchase system by adding 25% profit on cost:
नीचे दी गई सचू नाओ ं से षकराया क्रय व्यापार खाता तयार कीषजए जबषक व्यापारी द्वारा षकराया क्रय म्‍ू य
लागत में 25 प्रषतशत लाभ जोड़कर माल बेचा जाता ह
Jan 1, 2005 Stock with customers can cost price Rs. 20,000
Dec. 31, 2005 Goods sold out on hire Rs 125000
Cash received from customer Rs. 10,000
Stock with customer can cost price Rs. 30,000
Installment over due Rs. 10,000
27 Write the difference b/w hire purchases system and installment payment system.
षकराया क्रय पद्धषत तथा षकश्त भगु तान पद्धषत में अन्तर षलषखए
28 Give differences b/w joint and consignment.
संयक्ु त साहस एवं प्रेषण में अन्तर समझाइये
29 State the types of branches.
शाखाओ ं के प्रकारों को समझाइये
30 What are the characteristics of installment payment system?
षकश्त भगु तान पद्धषत की षवशेषता ं क्या ह?
31 Explain going concern concept in brief.
चालू व्यापार अवधारणा की संषक्षप्त व्याख्या कीषजए
32 How is verified the mathematical accuracy of posting of general ledger is sectional
Balancing system?
वगीय सन्तल ु न प्रणाली के अन्तगात सामान्य खाताबही की गषणतीय शद्ध ु ता की ज चं षकस प्रकार की जाती
ह?
33 Accounting standard ensure the consistency and comparability of financial statement.
‘’लेखाकन प्रमाप षवषि य षववरणों में एकूपपता एवं तल ु नार्तमकता लाते हैं समझाइये’’
34 Why total creditors account and total debtor & account are prepared?
सामषू हक लेनदार खाते एवं देनदार खाते क्यों तयार षकये जाते ह?
35 Distinguish between cash discount and trade discount.
नकद छूट एवं व्यापाररक छूट में अन्तर स्प्‍ट करें
36 Give journal entries to be made in Branch account when goods are sent on invoice
price.
बीजक म्‍ू य पर शाखा खाता बनाने की दशा में की जाने वाली समायोजन प्रषवषिय ं दीषजए
37 Prepare stock reserve account under stock and debtors method from the following
information.
स्ट क व देनदार षवषध से स्ट क संचय खाता षनम्न सचू नाओ ं से बनाइए
38 How is journal sub. Divided?
रोजनामचे का उप-वगीकरण कसे होता ह?
39 Why a journal called a book of original entry?
 रोजनामचे को प्रारषम्भक लेखे की बही क्यों कहा जाता ह?
40 A machine was sold on hire purchase system on 1 Jan 2013. Rs. 5000 was paid at spot
and rest was paid by four equal quarterly installment of Rs. 11000 each. The cash price
of machine was Rs. 45000 find out the amount of interest included in each installment.
एक मशीन षकराया क्रय आधार पर 1 जनवरी 2013 को बेची गयी 5000 ूप. का तरु न्त भगु तान व शेष
11000 ूप. की चार समान षत्रमाही षकस्तों में षकया जाना ह मशीन का रोकड़ी म्‍ू य 45000 ूप. ह प्रर्तयेक
षकस्त में शाषमल ब्याज की राषश ्ात कीषजए
41 Explain money measurement concept.
मद्रु ा मापन संबंधी अवधारणा समझाइये
42 What is the nature of accounting policies?
लेखांकन नीषतयों की प्रवृषत क्या ह?
43 Distinguish between purchases book and purchases account.
क्रय बही एवं क्रय खाते में अन्तर कीषजए
44 Define the purpose of maintaining subsidiary books.
सहायक पस्ु तकें रखने के उद्देश्य एवं आवश्यकता को बताइये
45 What is the objective of manufacturing account?
षनमााण खाते का उद्देश्य क्या ह?
46 What are the advantages of keeping ledger.
खाताबही रखने के लाभ क्या ह?
47 Give outline of trial Balance. How is trial balance prepared?
तलपट की ूपपरे खा दीषजए यह षकस प्रकार तयार षकया जाता ह?
48 Why should the totals of both the sides of trial balance should agree?
परीक्षा सचू ी के दोनों तरफ का जोड़ क्यों षमलाना चाषहए?
49 What types of entries are posted into Journal proper?
रोजनामचा षवशेष में क न सी तरह की प्रषवषिय ं होती ह?
50 What do you mean by unrealised profit in hire purchase system?
षकराया क्रय पद्धषत के अन्तगात न वसल ु हएए लाभ से आपका क्या आशय ह?
51 What are the various types of errors?
अशषु द्धयों के षवषभन्न प्रकार क्या ह?
52 Explain the procedure of doing provision for adjustment of Bad & doubtable debts.
अप्राप्य तथा संषद्‍ध ऋणों के षलए आयोजन की प्रषक्रया बताइये
53 Why the subsidiary book of original entries?
सहायक बषहयों को लेखे की प्रारषम्भक बषहयां क्यों कहते ह?
54 What is meant by provision for discount on debotrs.
देनदारों पर कट ती के षलए आयोजन से आप क्या समझते ह?
55 What is meant by balance methods of trial balance?
तलपट की शेष षवषध क्या होती ह?
56 Why is it necessary to record the adjustment entries in the preparation of final
account?
अषन्तम खाते बनाते समय समायोजनों की क्यों आवश्यकता ह?
57 What do you mean by obsolescence?
अप्रचलन से आपका क्या अषभप्राय ह?
58 What Adjustment entry would you pass for reserve for Bad and doubtful debts?
अप्राप्य तथा संषदगध् ऋणों के षलए संचय के षलए आप क्या समायोजन लेखे करें गे?
59 What do you understand by imprest amount in petty cash book?
लघु रोकड़ पस्ु तक के सदं भा में अ्रददाय राषश से आप क्या समझते ह?
60 Write the differences between diminishing balance method and fixed installment
method.
घटते शेष पद्धषत तथा स्थायी षकश्त पद्धषत में अन्तर बताइये
61 What do you understand by reserve? Explain its two characteristics.
संचय से क्या आशय ह? इसकी दो षवशेषताएं बतलाइये
62 How accounting is important for a businessman?
व्यापारी के षलए लेखाक ं न कसे आवश्यक ह?
63 What do you mean by Bank overdraft?
बैंक अषधषवकषा से आप क्या समझते ह?
64 What do you mean by adjustment entries?
समायोजन प्रषवषियों से आप क्या समझते ह?
65 What is meant by cost of goods sold.
 बेचे गए माल की लागत से क्या अषभप्राय ह?
66 What are the differences between gross profit & Net profit.
सकल लाभ एवं शद्ध ु लाभ में क्या अन्तर ह?
67 How are the following items treated in fixed accounts?
अषन्तम खातों में षनम्नषलषखत मदों को कसे षदखाया जाता ह?
1 Closing stock अषन्तम रहषतया
2 Interest of carpeted पजंू ी पर ब्याज
3 Less by fire आग में हाषन
4 Accrued income उपाषजात आय
68 What do you mean by error of omission?
भलू सबं धं ी अशषु द्धतयों से आप क्या समझते ह?
69 What do you mean by error of commission? Give on example.
लेखे की अशषु द्धयों से आप क्या समझते ह? एक उदाहरण भी दीषजए
70 What do you mean by error of principles?
सद्धाषन्तक अशषु द्धयों से आप क्या समझते ह?
71 Explain the method of posting of compound entry with imaginary figure.
षमषश्रत प्रषवषि की खत नी को का्‍पषनक आकड़ों की सहायता से समझाइये
72 Journalise the following transactions prepare the accounts of X & Y and balance the
same:
षनम्नषलषखत व्यवहारों को रोजनामचे में षलषखत तथा एक्स और वृषद्ध के खाते बनाइये
April 2010 Rs.
April 1 Sold goods to X एक्स को माल बेचा 8000
April 5 Cash received from X एक्स से नकद प्राप्त षकया 3000
April 8 Goods returned by एक्स ने माल वापस षकया 200
April 10 Purchased goods from Y वाई से माल खरीदा 2000
April 20 Goods returned to y वाई को भगु तान षकया 1500
April 30 Goods returned to Y वाई को माल वाषपस षकया 200
 वनबन्धकत्म प्रश्न (Essay type Questions)
1 What is meant by assets? Explain its various types.
सम्पषि से क्या अषभप्राय ह? इसके षवषभन्न प्रकारों की व्याख्या कीषजए
2 Explain the meaning and nature of accounting standards.
लेखाक ं न प्रमापों का अथा एवं प्रकृ षत बताइये
3 Explain the consistency and conservation conventions of accounting.
एकूपपता एवं ूपषढवाषदता
ऺ लेखांकन परम्पराओ ं की व्याख्या कीषजए
4 “Ledger is the principale book of accounts.” Do you agree with this view? Illustrate.
‘’खाताबही लेखे की प्रधान पस्ु तक ह’’ क्या आप इस धारणा से सहमत ह? व्याख्या कीषजए
5 What do you meant by subsidiary Book? Can it serve any purpose? Write the name of
classification of journal.
सहायक बषहयों से आप क्या समझते हैं? क्या इनसे षकसी उद्देश्य की पषू ता होती ह? राजनामचे के षवभाजन के नाम
बताइये
6 Explain the various methods of preparing trial Balance.
तलपट को बनाने की षवषभन्न षवषधयों का वणान कीषजए
7 How would you rectify the errors after closing the accounts?
खाते बन्द करने के बाद आप अशषु द्धयों का सधु ार कसे करें गे?
8 What are the different types of errors? Explain each one.
अशषु द्धयों के षवषभन्न प्रकार बताइये? प्रर्तयेक का वणान कीषजए
9 What is depreciation? Why is it provided? Explain methods of recording depreciation.
ह्रास क्या ह? इसे क्यों लगाया जाता हैं? ह्रास का लेखा करने की षवषधयों की व्याख्या कीषजए
10 What is working capital? How is it calculated? What are its various types?
कायाशील पजंू ी षकसे कहते ह? इसकी गण्ना षकस प्रकार की जाती ह? यह षकतने प्रकार की होती ह?
11 Write explanatory notes on: (i) Goods in transit (ii) Inter Branch Transaction (iii) Cash in
transit (iv) Depreciation on Branch fixed assists.
स्प्‍ट ूपप से षटप्पषणय ं षलषखए -
(i) मागा में माल (ii) अन्तर शाखा व्यवहार (iii) मागा में रोकड़ (iv) शाखा की स्थाई सम्पषि यों पर म्‍ू यह्रास
12 Explain the main accounts to be prepared in stock and debtors methods.
स्ट क एवं देनदार पद्धषत में खोले जाने वाले प्रमखु खातों को समझाइये
13 Atul traders. Allahabad opened their retail branch at Mumbai. The goods are supplied meets
its expenses out of its cash sales and remits the Balance to H.O. after keeping some balance
with it for expenses the branch does only cash sales. From the following particulors prepare
the branch a/c it books of H.O.
 अतल ु ट्रेडसा इलाहाबाद में मम्ु बई में अपनी एक फुटकर शाखा खोली शाखा को माल लागत पर बेचा जाता ह और
अपनी नगद षबक्री में से अपने खचें करती ह और शेष रखकर प्रधान कायाालय को भेज देती ह शाखा के वल नकद
षवक्रय करती ह
षनम्नषलषखत षववरणों से प्रधान कायाालय की पस्ु तकों में खाता बनाइए -
Stock of goods in the beging 7500
Balance of petty cash with branch in the beginning 400
Goods supplied to Branch 10900
Goods return by Branch 1900
Branch sales 137000
Branch Expenses:
Ways and salaries 11700
Rent and taxes 1200
Insurance 300
Petty expenses 200
Postage etc. 760
Statierery 140 14200
Advertisement done by HO 1600
Freight & carriage paid by HO 1400
Closing stock with Branch 11300
Closing Balance of petty cash 3200
14 Asha locks, Jaipur has a retail Branch at ajmer, to whom goods are supplied at cost plus 25%.
Form the following particulars relating to the Ajmer Branch find out its profit or loss for the
year 2013 using stock and debtors methods.
आशा ल क्स, जयपरु की एक शाखा अजमेर में ह, षजसे माल लागत पर 25 प्रषतशत जोड़कर भेजा जाता हैं अजमेर
शाखा से संबंषधत षनम्नषलषखत षववरणों से स्ट क एवं देनदार षवषध शाखा का 2013 वषा का लाभ हाषन ्ात कीषजए
ूप.
Opening stock 11,100
Closing stock 23,900
Goods supplied to branch at inoerico price 132,600
 Cash sales 40,000
Credit sales 80,000
Received from debtor 75,700
Discount Aelroed 750
Cash remitted to Branch: Rs.
Salaries and ways 3000
Rent and Taxes 1500
Insurance 750 5250

15 What do you understand by sectional Balancing system of ledgers? Explain its merits and
demerits and also describe the working of sectional Balancing systems of ledgers.
खाताबषहयों की वगीय सन्तुलन प्रणाली से आप क्या समझते ह? इसके गणु व दोष बताइये तथा वगीय सन्तल ु न
प्रणाली की काया प्रणाली का षववेचन कीषजए
16 What is self Balancing systerms of ledgers? Gives its working and stale as how it differs from
sectinal Balancing system of ledgers.
खाताबषहयोंकी स्वकीय सन्तुलन प्रणाली क्या ह? इसकी कायाप्रणाली दीषजए तथा यह बतलाइये षक खाताबषहयों की
वगीय सन्तलु न प्रणाली से यह षकस प्रकार षभन्न ह?
17 From the following details write up total detors account and total creditors account in the
gernal ledger as on 31 March 2013:
षनम्नषलषखत सचू नाओ ं से 31 माचा 2013 को सामान्य खाताबषहयों में कुल देनदार व कुल लेनदार खाता बनाइये
ूप.
Debtors (1April 2012) Dr. 17425
Debtors (1April 2012) Dr. 320
Creditors (A April 2012) Cr. 27408
Creditors (A April 2012) Cr. 204
Credit purchases 25200
Credit sales 28209
Sales Return 208
Purchases Return 714
Cash paid to creditors 12700
Bills received form debtors 9300
B/R Dishonored 200
 Bills accepted for creditors 7400
Discount allowed to debtors but later on disallowed 100
Cash Received from debtors 8700
Discount allowed by creditors 1020
Cash paid to debtors 25
Transfer from debtors ledger to creditors ledger 1242
Cash purchases 4320
Cash sales 7400
Bad debts written off 215
Discount allowed to debtors 215

18 Below are given particulars from the sales ledge of shriRamlal a traders for the month of
march, 2013.
षनम्नषलषखत षववरण एक व्यापारी श्री रामलाल की षवक्रय खाताबही में माह माचा, 2013 के षलए
ूप.
Balance on march 1, 2013 3100
During March 2013:
Total sales for the month (Cradit) 9100
Sales returns 1500
Cash received from debtors 41000
Bill received 16000
Bill dish onward 2500
Discount allowed to debtors 1400
Bad debts 1350
Transfer from another ledger 1750
Bills receivable to endorsed to suppliers 2200
You are required to prepare sales ledger adjustment account in general ledger and general
ledger ledger adjustment account in sales ledger.
आपको सामान्य खाताबही में षवक्रय खाताबही सामान्य खाताबही समायोजन खाता बनाइये
19 What is hire purchase trading account? Why it is prepared? Give its Performa.
षकराया क्रय व्यापार खाता क्या ह? इस खाते का प्राूपप बनाइयें?
20Write short notes on the following
षनम्नषलषखत पर सषं क्षप्त षटप्पषणयां षलषखए
(i) Hire purchase trading account षकराया क्रय व्यापार खाता
(ii) Assignment of hire purchasers right षकराया क्रेता द्वारा अषधकार का हस्तांकन
(iii) provision for unrealised profit in the books of hire vendor षकराया षवक्रेता की
पस्ु तकों में न वसल
ू हएए लाभ षलए आयोजन
(iv) Goods repossessed A/C पनु ्रदाहण माल खाता
21 On st April, 2012 Mohan purchased a machine from suresh on hire purchases system,
Rs. 15000 being paid on delivery and Balance in 3 Annual instatements of 10000 each,
payable on 31 march each year. The vendor charge 5 percent per annum interest on
yearly both the parties. Give journal entries if the rate of depreciation is 10% p.a. on
fixed installment methods and books are closed on 31 march.
1 अप्रेल 2012 को मरे टनने षकराया क्रय पद्धषत पर सरु े श से एक मशीन खरीदी 1500 ूप. सपु दु गा ी पर तथा
शेष राषश 10000 ूप. की 3 समान षकश्तों में भगु तान की जाएगी जो प्रषतवषा 31 माचा को देय होगी षवक्रेता
वाषषाक षकश्तों पर 5 प्रषतशत वाषषाक दर से ब्याज वसल ू करते ह रोकडी म्‍ू य 42000 ूप. ह दोनों पक्षों की
पस्ु तकों में इन सोदों को दजा करने के षलए जनाल प्रषवषियों दीषजए यषद म्‍ू यह्रास की दर षस्थत पद्धषत पर 10
प्रषतशत प्रषतवषा ह तथा पस्ु तकें 31 माचा को बन्द की जाती ह
22 Cash price of a machine is Rs. 15000. Its hire purchase price is Rs. 16000. The
payment are to be made as follow:
एक मशीन को नकद कीमत 15000 ूप. ह उसका षकराया क्रय म्‍ू य 16000 ूप. ह भगु तान षनम्न प्रकार
षकया जाना ह
ूप.
मशीन सपु दु गा ी के समय 1 अप्रेल 2012 को 4000
(At the time of delivery of machine on 1April 2012)
3 माह पश्चात (After 3 months -) 2000
8 माह पश्चात (After 8 months -) 6500
1 वषा पश्चात (After 1 year -) 3500
Calculate the amount of interest included in each payment and prepare the the hire
purchasers account in the vendor ledger.
प्रर्तयेक भगु तान में सषम्मषलत ब्याज की राषश ्ात करो एवं षवक्रेताओ ं की खाताबही में षकराया क्रेता का
खाता बनाइये
23 Rohit sells his goods adding 25% profit to cost on hire purchase system. From the
following information. Prepare his hire purchase trading a/c for the year ended 31 Dec.
2013
2013 Jan 1 Hire purchase stock wih Rs.
Customer’s (at hire purchase price) 5000
Jan 1 Instalment overdue 1000
Dec 31 Goods sold on hire purchase
At cost price 12000
Dec 31 Installment overdue 2000
Dec 31 Cash Received from customers 15000
Dec 31 Hire purchase stock with
Customer’s/at thire purchase price 4000
रोषहत अपना माल षकराया क्रय पद्धषत पर लागत पर25 प्रषतशत लाभ जोड़कर बेचता ह षनम्नषलषखत
सचू नाओ ं से 31 षदसम्बर 2013 को समाप्त वषा के षलए उसका षकराया क्रय व्यापार खाता बनाइये -
1 जनवरी Rs.
्रदाहकों के पास षकराया क्रय स्ट क 5000
(षकराया क्रय म्‍ू य पर
1 जनवरी – बकाया षकस्तें 1000
31 षदसम्बर – षकराया क्रय पर बेचे गए माल
के लागत म्‍ू य पर 12000
31 षदसम्बर – बकाया षकस्ते 2000
31 षदसम्बर – ्रदाहकों से प्राप्त राषश 15000
31 षदसम्बर – ्रदाहकों के पास षकराया क्रय स्ट क
(षकराया क्रय म्‍ू य पर 4000
24 Describe the advantages of sub dividing the journal.
रोजनामचा के उपषवभाजन के लाभों का वणान करें
25 Enter the following transactions into double column cash book having cash and bank
columns only.
 षनम्नषलषखत व्यवहारों का लेखा दो खानों वाली रोकड़ बही में कीषजए षजसमें रोकड़ व बैंक का क लम हो
2010 ूप.
Jan 1 Balance at Bank (बक का शेष 2000
Jan 1 Cash Balance (रोकड़ शेष 100
Jan 6 Purchase goods by cheque(चक द्वारा माल खरीदा 1200
Jan 6 Drew cheque for office use(कायाालय प्रयोग हेतु चक काटा 50
Jan 7 Purchased stationery for cash(स्टेशनरी नकद खरीदी 10
Jan 8 Received cheque from X (Xसे चेक प्राप्त षकया 125
Jan 10 Carriage padi in cash (नकद भाड़ा 33
Jan 12 Z us paid by cheque (Zने चक द्वारा भगु तान षकया 175
Jan 12 Paid to A by cheque (A को चक द्वारा भगु तान षकया 175
Jan 27 Received cheque for sale (षवक्रय के षलए चक प्राप्त षकया 200
26 On 1 march 2010 A merchant advances Rs. 2500 to his petty cashier for petty
expenses. Write up the following expenses in the petty cash Book. Also show the
amount receivable on 1st April to the petty cashier -1
1 माचा 2010 को एक व्यापारी अपने लघु रोकषडयों को फुटकर व्यय के षलए ूप. 2500 अष्रदम देता ह षनम्न
व्ययों को लघु रोकड़ पस्ु तकों में षलषखए 1 अप्रेल को रोके षडये को प्राप्त होने वाली राषश बताइये
2010 Rs.
March 1, Carriage (गाड़ी का भाडा 100
March 3, Postage stamps (डाक षटकट 125
March 5, Thela charges (ठे लाभाडा खचा 150
March 8, Telegram (तार 120
March 10, Stationary (लेखन साम्रदी 120
March 12 Printing charges (छपाई का व्यय 130
March 15, Tea party (चाय पाटी 130
March 18, Chirites (दान 70
March 19, Sundry expenses (षवषवध खचा 70
March 22, Coli charges (कुली खचा 40
March 24, Catage (बल ु ाई 50
March 25, Octroi (चंगु ी 40
 March 29, Postage (डाक व्यय 40
March 31, Sundry expenses (षवषवध खचा 40
March 31, Railway fright &Torga hire (रे लभाडा और तागं ा षकराया 200
27 Prepare a sales Book from the following transaction of M/S Prakash& sons.
षनम्नषलषखत लेन देनों से प्रकाश एन्ड सन्स की षवक्रय बही बनाओ ं
2010
Jan 1 Sold to M/S Gupta Brothers on credit
गप्ु ता रदरदसा को उधार षवक्रय षकया
3 Shirt@Rs 100 per shirt
(3 कमीज दर ूप 100 प्रषत कमीज
2 t trouser @ Rs 150 per trouser
(2 पेन्ट दर ूप 150 प्रषत पेन्ट
Jan 5 Sold old furniture to M.S AB. & Co. on credit Rs.800
(ए.बी. एडं कं; को उधार परु ाना फनीचर बेचा 800 ूप. में
Jan 15 Sold to S.K. Jain & Brothers on credit:
Sales 5 shirts @ Rs. 90 per shirt
(5 कमीजें दी ूप 90 प्रषत कमीज
Jan 15 Sold to Bhawar Singh & Brothers for
भवं रषसंह एडं रदरदसा को नकद षवक्रय षकया
Sold 5 to shirts @90 per shirt
10 कमीज दर ूप 90 प्रषत कमीज
Jan 20 Sold on credit to M/S seth Brothers:
सेठ रदरदसा को उधार षवक्रय षकया
10 Trowsers @ per 175 per troware
(10 पेन्ट दर 175ूप. प्रषत पेन्ट
2Ever coats@ per Rs 672 per overcoat
(2 ओवरकोट दर 675 प्रषत ओवरकोट
25 Shirt @ per 80 per shirt
 25 कमीजें दर 80 प्रषत कमीज
28 The following is the trial Balance prepared by are in experienced book keeper. Redraft
it in a correct from and given necessary working notes :
एक अनभु वहीन पस्ु तपालक द्वारा षनम्न तलपट तयार षकया गया ह इसे सही प्राूपप में पनु : बनाकर
आवश्यक षटप्पषणयां दीषजए –
Trial Balance
For the year ending 31 March 2010
Name of Account 4F Amount
Dr. Cr.
वेतन (Salaries) 1600 -
हस्तगत रोकड (Cash in hand) - 400
बैंक अषधषवकषा (Bank overdraft) 2800 -
षवषवध व्यय (Sundry Expenses) 2400 -
क्रय वापसी (Purchase Return) 800 -
पंजू ी खाता (Capital account) 4400 -
मशीनरी व प्लान्ट (Machinery & Plant) - 4000
देनदार (Debtors) 1600 -
लेनदार (Creditors) - 2400
प्रारषम्भक रहषतया (Opening stock) 2400
2000
क्रय/ षवक्रय 5600 8800
षवक्रय वापसी 1600
19200 19200

29 (Retity the following ettors) –

षनम्न अशषु द्धयों का सश
ं ो्‍न कीषजए -
 1 Hari Returned goods worth Rs. 500. No entru was passed in the books to this
offect.
हरी ने 500 ूप का माल ल टाया इसके षलए पस्ु तकों में कोई प्रषवषि नहलि की गयी
2 Goods worth Rs. 3000 sold to Babu ram were entered in the purchases book.)
बाबरू ाम को बेचे ूप. 3000 के माल को क्रयबही में षलखा गया
3 (Firniture worth Rs. 500 purchased for personal use was debited to purchases
account
नीजी प्रयोग के षलए खरीदे ूप. 500 के फनीचर को क्रय खाते में क्रेषडट कर षदया गया
4 (Rs. 600 paid to Gopal as salary for the month of January were debaters in his
personal account.
गोपाल को जनवरी मास का ूप. 600 वेतन षदया, उसके षनजी खाते में डेषबट कर षदया
5 (A cheque for Rs. 100 received from Shyamlal having been dish endured was
wrongly debited to Ramlal’s account.)
श्यामलाल से प्राप्त ूप. 100 का चक अनादररत होने पर गलती से रामलाल के खाते में डेषबट कर
षदया
30 A company, whose accounting year is the calendar year, purchased on 1 April 2009,
machinery costing Rs. 300000. It purchased farther machinery on 1 Oct 2007, Costing
200000 and on 1 July 2008. Costing 10000.On 1 Jan 2009. One third of the machinery
installed on 1st April 2007 become obsolete and was sold for Rs. 3000. Sharo Hero
Machinery Account as would appear in the Books of the company. It being given that
machinery was depreciates by diminishing Balance method @ 10% P.A. what would
be the Balance of machinery account on 1st Jan. 2010?
एक कम्पनी ने 1 अप्रेल 2007 को ूप. 30000 में एक मशीन खरीदी इसे खाते कलेण्डर के षहसाब से चलते
ह इसके 1 अक्टूबर 2007 को ूप. 20000 में और 1 जल ु ाई 2008 को 10000 में मशीन खरीदी 1 जनवरी
2009 को उस मशीन को 1/3 भाग बेकार हो गया षजसे 1 अप्रेल 2007 को लगाया गया था और इसे 3000
में बेच षदया गया कम्पनी की पस्ु तकों में मशीन खाता बनाइये मशीन का 10 प्रषतशत वाषषाक की दर से
क्रमागत ह्रास पद्धषत से ह्रास काटा जाता ह 1 जनवरी 2010 को मशीन खाते का शेष क्या होगा
31 Prepare the Bad debts account, provision for Bad debts account, profit and loss and
balance sheet from the following information as on Dec. 31, 2009.
षनम्नषलषखत सचू ना से आप 31 षदसम्बर 2009 को समाप्त होने वाले वषा के षलए अप्राप्य ऋण खाता
अप्राप्य ऋण के षलए आयोजन खाता,लाभ हाषन खाता एवं षचट्ठा बनाइये
 देनदार (Debtors) 80000
अप्राप्य ऋण (Bad Debts) 2000
अप्राप्य ऋण आयोजन (Provision for Bad debts) 5000
अप्राप्य ऋण ूप. 500 अप्राप्य ऋण के षलए आयोजन देनदारों पर 3 प्रषतशत (Bad debts Rs 500;
provision for Bad debts on December @3%)
32 Calculate operating profit and Net profit from the following:
षनम्न से सचं ालन लाभ एवं शद्ध
ु लाभ की गणना कीषजए
33 What do you understand by the inter branch transactions? How they are dealt with?
अन्तर शाखा व्यवहारों से आप क्या समझते ह उनको षकस प्रकार षक्रयाषन्वत षकया जाताह?
34 The Trial Balance of chatter sen on 31st December, 2009, revealed the following
Balances) –
छतर सन का तलपट 31 षदसम्बर 2009 को षनम्न शेष षदखाता ह
Debit Balance Rs. Credit Balance Rs.
Promt&Machinary 90000 Capital account 110000
Purchases 58000 Sales 127000
Sales Returns 1000 Purchases Return 1275
Opening stock 40000 Discount Rpc. 800
Discount allowed 350 S=Sundry Creditor 25000
Bank Charges 75
Sundry Debtors 45000
Salary 6800
Wayes 10000
Freight: Inward 750
Freigj: Outward 1200
Rent Rates Taxes 2000
Advertisement 2000
Cash in Bank 6900
 264075 264075

(The stock of 31 December 2009 was valued at Rs. 35000 prepare trending. Profit and
loss account, for two year ended 31 Dec 2009 and Balance sheet as on that date.)
अषन्तम रहषतयां 31 षदसम्बर 2009 को ूप. 35000 का था आप 31 षदसम्बर 2009 को समाप्त होने वाले
वषा का व्यापार खाता, लाभ हाषन एवं षस्थषत षववरण बनाइये
35 षनम्नषलषखत आंकड़ों से 31 षदसम्बर 2009 को समाप्त होने वाले वषा के षलए व्यापार खाता लाभ हाषन
खाता एवं षस्थषत षववरण बनाइये

Account Title Amount Account Title Amount

पंजू ी (Debtors) 2000 पंजू ी (Capital) 5000
प्रारषम्भक स्ट क (Opening stock) 2000 लेनदार (Creditors) 1000
950
प्लांट एवं मशीनरी (Plant & Machinery) 1000 डूबत ऋण सच ं य
वेतन (Salaries) 200 (Reserve for Bad dabts)
50
मजदरू ी (Wages) 500 छूट प्राप्त की (Discount received) 15000
भषू म एवं भवन (Land & Building) 3000 षवक्रय (Sales)
व्यापाररक खचें (Trade expenses) 50 षवक्रय कर वसल ू षकया (Sales Tax 1000
क्रय(Purchase) - collected)
रोकड (Cash) 10000
आहरण (Drawings) 2000
षबक्रीकर चक ु ाया (Sales tax paid) 2050
250

23000 23000

36 Calculate operating profit and Net profit from the following

षनम्न से संचालन लाभ एवं शद्ध
ु लाभ की गणना कीषजए
 Rs. Rs.
Gross Profit 400000 Interest on loans 25000
Carriage outward 4000 Interest on 2250
Adverting 8000 Investment 3500
Salaries 150000 Pointing & Stationery 25000
Rent & Taxes 50000 Loss on sale of 1000
furniture
Lighting 20000 3100
General expanses
Insurance charge 2000 5000
Donation
Bad Debts 1500 15000
Rent Received
Audit fees 2500 35000
Loss by fire
Gain on sale of
machinery

37 Why Adjustment entry are passed? Give 10 adjustment entues along with their
exptanation.
समायोजन लेखे क्यों षकये जाते ह? दस समायोजन लेखे उदाहरण सषहत समझाइये?
38 Alok & Co. sells goods on hire purchase basis at cost plus 50%. Form the following
information calculate stock with customer as on 31 march, 2013.
1 April – stock with customers (at cost price) 24000
1 April – Installments overdue 20000
31 March 2013 – Cost price of hire purchases
Sales during the the year 232000
31 March 2013 – Cash Received from customer 240000
31 March 2013 - Instalmenteverdue 35000
आलोक एडं कम्पनी षकराया क्रय पद्धषत के आधार पर लागत में 50 प्रषतशत लाभ जोडकर वस्तएु ं षवक्रय
करते ह षनम्न सचू नाओ ं के आधार पर 31 माचा 2013 को ्रदाहकों के पास स्ट क कालागत म्‍ू य ्ात
कीषजए
1 April – ्रदाहकों के पास स्ट क (लागत म्‍ू य पर 24000
 1 April – बकाया षकस्ते 20000
31 March 2013 – वषा के द रान बेचे गए माल का लागत म्‍ू य 232000
31 March 2013 – ्रदाहकों से रोकड प्राप्त हएई 240000
31 March 2013 - बकाया षकस्तें 35000
Memorandum Hire Purchase Customer account
Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
To stock with customer 36000 By Cash 240000
(opening (24000/150/100) 20000 By Instalment 35000
To Installment overdue (Op.) 348000 Overdue (Closing)
To Goods sold to H.P. Price By Stock wit 12900
404000 Customer at H.P. 40400
Price
(Closing)

39 On 1st January, 2007 vardhaman seeds limited purchase a machinery for Rs. 1000000
including a boiler worth Rs. 10000. Depreciate was charged@10% P.A. on
diminishing method. During the fifth year the broiler become useless on account of
damages to same of its vital parts. The damaged bailer is said for Rs. 2000. Prepare
machinery Account for the first five year.
वधामान सीडसा षलषमटेड 1 जनवरी 2007 को एक मशीनरी ूप. 100000 की खरीदी षजसमें ूप. 10000
म्‍ू यका एक बायलर शाषमल था इस पर 10 प्रषतशत की दर से क्रमागत ह्रास पद्धषत के आधार पर ह्रास
लगाया गया पांचवें वषा में बायलर के कुछ महर्तवपणू ा पजू ें खराब हो जाने के कारण यह बेकार हो गया बेकार
बायलर ूप. 2000 में बेच षदया गया पांच वषा के षलए मशीनरी खाता बनाइये
40 What is three columnar cash Book? How are transactions entered in it?
तीन खानों वाली रोकड बही से आप क्या समझते ह इसमें लेनदेनों को कसे षलखा जाता ह?
41 If the debit and credit side of a trial Balance Agree in Amount is this a conclusive
proof of book. Keeping work? If not why?
 यषद तलपट के नाम व जमा पक्ष का योग बराबर हो जाए तो क्या यह पस्ु तपालन के काया की शद्ध ु ता का
पक्का प्रमाण ह यषद नही तो कसे ?
42 What do you mean by accounting Principals? What are its main features?
लेखाकंन षसद्धान्त से आपका क्या आशय ह? इसकी प्रमख ु षवशेषताएं क न क न सी ह?
43 What do you understand by Accounting concepts? Explain any four.
लेखांकन अवधारणाओ ं से आप क्या समझते हैं? षकन्ही चार का वणान कीषजए
44 What is contra entry? How can you deal this entry while preparing dowble column
cash book?
षवपरीत प्रषवषि षकसे कहते ह? आप दो खानों वाली रोकड बही बनाते समय इसका लेखा कसे करें गे?
45 Write up journal –
(i) Balraj become insolvant, a dividend of 50 Ps. In a Rupees is recemed from him
against Rs. 2000.
(ii) Depreciate machinery worth Rs. 40000@5%P.A.
(iii) Purchase one steel almirah worth Rs. 3000 for office use.
(iv) Old furniture sold for cash Rs. 1000.
रोजनामचा बनाइये -
1 बलराज षदवाषलया हो गया और एक ूपपये पर पचास पसे की प्राषि हएई ूप. 2000 के बदले
2 मशीनरी ूप. 40000 पर 5 प्रषतशत की दर से षघसावट लगाइये
3 कायाालय प्रयोग के षलए एक स्टील अलमारी ूप. 3000 की खरीदी
4 परु ाना फनीचर ूप. 1000 का बेचा
46 Prepare three column cash book from the following transacions:
षनम्नषलषखत लेनदेनों से तीन खानों वाली रोकड बही तयार कीषजए
Jan 2010
1 Stat Business with cash 50000
(रोकड से व्यापार शूप
ु षकया
4 purchased goods 20000
(माल खरीदर
6 goods sold 500
(माल बेचा
 10 opened a Bank account 4000
(बैंक में खाता खोला
15 Received from Amit 4900
(अषमत से षमले
Allowed him discount
(उसे कट ती दी
20 Paid to Ashish 2950
(आशीष को षदये
received Discount 50
(कट ती प्राप्त की
22 Paid salaries 1000
(वेतन षदया
25 paid office expenses by cheque 200
(चक द्वारा कायाालय व्यय षदया
28 withdrew from Bank for office use 1000
(बैंक से कायाालय के प्रयोग हेतु षनकाले
30 withdrew from benic for personal use. 100
(बैंक से व्यषगगत प्रयोग के षलए षनकाले
47 Rectify the following errors:
(i) The purchases of stationery for Rs. 75 was debited to trade expenses account.
(ii) Rent of Rs. 5000 paid for residential accommodation of the proprietor was
debited to Rent a/c.
(iii) Furniture sold for Rs. 100 has been posted to trade expenses.
(iv) 200 cost of repairing the rouf has been charged to Building a/c.
षनम्न अशषु द्धयों का सधु ार कीषजए -
1 लेखन साम्रदी का ूप. 75 का व्यय व्यापाररक व्यय खाते में षलख षदया गया
2 ूप; 500 माषलक के मकान का षकराया षदया और षकराये खाते में षलख षदया गया
3 ूप. 1000 का फनीचर बेचा और राषश षवक्रय खाते में षलखा गया
4 ूप. 200 छत की मरम्मत के षलए षदये गए भवन खाते में षलख षदये
48 A company has acquired land on a uase of 30 years, and has erected a building costing
Rs. 99000. You find from the sinking find tables that the amount for the repayment of
Rs. 99000 is 30 years by way of sunuity at 5% per annum is Rs. 6400 P.A. mark up the
leas hold property A/C for the three years.
एक कम्पनी ने 30 साल के पट्टे पर भषू म प्राप्त की ओर उस पर 99000 ूप. की लागत पर एक भवन का
षनमााण षकया ह आपको शोधन कोष ताषलकाओ ं से ्ात होता ह षक 30 वषा में 5 प्रषतशत वाषषाक दर से
99000 ूप. का भगु तान करने के षलए वाषषाक वृषि की रकम 6400 ूप. होगी
तीन वषा के षलए पट्टे की सम्पषि का खाता तयार कीषजए
49 A Ahmedabad and B of Mumbai enter into a joint venture to cousign 2000 bales of
cloth to C of Kolkata to be sold on their joint risk in the ration of 3:2.
A send 120 bales at Rs. 26000 each and pay to Rs. 36000 for expenses. B send 80
bales at Rs. 25000 each and pays Rs. 32000 as expenses. All the bales are sold for Rs.
60,00.000 by C who incurred Rs. 64000 as expenses. C is entitled to a commission of
3%. He send Rs. 2800,0000 to A and the Balance to B by Bank Draft Prepared joint
venture account, the co-ventures account and c,s Account in the books of A and B.
अहमदाबाद के अ ने मम्ु बई के ब के साथ षमलकर सयं क्ु त उपक्रम (साहस द्वारा कोलकता के स को कपडों
की 2000 गाठें षभजवाई 3:2 अनपु ात में संयक्ु त जोषखम के साथ यह षबक्री संधाररत की गई
अ ूप 26000 प्रर्तयेक के षहसाब से 120 गाठें भेजता ह और 36000 खचें के ूपप में चक ु ाता ह ब ूप.
25000 पन्रषत गाठं के षहसाब से ूप; 32000 खचें के ूपप में वहन करता ह स द्वारा ये समस्त गाठें ूप
6000000 में बेची जाती ह और स उस पर 64000 ूप. का व्यय वहन करता ह स 3 प्रषतशत कमीशन का
हकदार ह वह बैंक ड्राफ्ट द्वारा ूप. 2800000 अ को शेष राषश ब को भेजता ह
संयक्ु त उपक्रम (साहस खाता, सह साहस को के खाते तथा स का खाता अ ओर ब लेखों खातों में अषं कत
कीषजए
50 Why is it necessary for accounts to assume that a business entry will remain a going
concern?
लेखांकन में इस अवधारणा को मानना क्यों जूपारी ह षक व्यवसाय चालू षस्थषत में रहेगा?
51 Discuss the convention based on the promise do not anticipate profit but provide for
all losses.
“संभाषवत लाभों को छोउ दे परन्तु संभाषवत हाषनयों के षलए व्यवस्था कीषजए’’ नी आधाररत पररपाटी की
व्याख्या कीषजए
52 What do you mean by accounting slandered.
लेखांकन प्रमाप षकसे कहते ह?
53 Discuss the need and utility of accounting standard?
लेखाक ं न प्रमापों की आवश्यकता एवं उपयोषगता का वणान कीषजए
54 What do you understand by books of original records? Name the principal subsidiary
books. Stat the nature and transaction that are recorded in each of the them.
प्रारषम्भक लेखे की पस्ु तकों में आप क्या समझते ह? प्रमखु सहायक बषहयों के नाम षलखो इनमें से प्रर्तयेक में
षकस षकस प्रकार के स दों का लेखा रखा जाता ह, बताइये
55 Prepare three column cash book with Discount, cash and bank columns) with fingers.
तीन खने वाली रोकड़ बहलि बनाइये तथा का्‍पषनक आक ं ड़ों की सहायता से इसमें प्रषवषि करो?
56 What do you understand by ledger what is its importans and utility to a businessman?
Give the advantage of a ledger.
खाताबही से आप क्या समझते हो इसका व्यापारी के षलए क्या महर्तव व उपयोषगता ह? खाताबही के लाभ
भी दीषजए
57 What are the mistakes on account of which a trial balance does not agree? What steps
will you tale to tally a trial balance?
वे क नसी अशषु द्धयां ह षजनके कारण तलपट का योग नहलि षमलता तलपट षमलाने के षलए आप षकन
उपायों का प्रयोग करें गे?
58 What do you understand by Rectification of errors? Explain clearly one side and two
sides errors.
अशषु द्धयों के सधु ार से आप क्या समझते ह? एक पक्षीय व षद्व पक्षीय अशषु द्धयों को समझाइये
59 Rectify the following errors -
षनम्नषलषखत अशषु द्धयों के संशोधन की प्रषवषि कीषजए
(i) Furniture purchased for Rs. 4000 was debited to purchases account.
फनीचर की खरीद पर ूप. 4000 क्रय खाते में डेषबट की ओर षलख षदए गए
(ii) Atma Ram returned goods worth Rs. 2000 credted is the account of sita ram
(ii) Rs. 750 paid to ram Prasad for salary for the month of January was debited to
his personal.
रामप्रसाद को देय जनवरी के महीने का वेतन ूप. 750 उसे व्यषगगत खाते में षलख षदया
 (v) Goods sold to banu ram 400 Rs. 1350 were entered in the sales books as
Rs. 1530.
बाबरू ाम को ूप. 1350 का माल बेचा गया षजसकी षवक्रय पस्ु तक में 1530 ूप. की प्रषवषि की
गई
60 What is meaning of reserve. What is need of reserve what are the differences between
reserve and provisions?
संचय का क्या आशय ह? संचयों की क्या आवश्यकता ह? संचय तथा आयोजन में क्या अन्तर ह?
61 Pink city stores of Jaipur has a brach at ajmer. The goods are invoices to are paid by
the head office. The particulars are as follow.
जयपरु के षपक ं षसटी स्टोसा की एक शाखा अजमेर में ह शाखा को माल लागत में 25 प्रषतशत जोड़कर भेजा
जाता ह समस्त खचें प्रधान कायाालय के द्वारा चक ु ाये जाते ह षववरण षनम्न प्रकार ह
Opening Balance - Goods Returned
Stock 5000 by debtors 500
Debtors 1800
Stock reserve 1000 discount allowed 600
Goods sent to branch 90000 Branch expenses 6500
Goods retwrvedbu branch 3000 closing Balance
Cash sales 100000 stock 12000
Credit sales 70000 debtors 57000
You are required to prepare necessary account in the book H.O. according to stock and
debtors system.
प्रधान की पस्ु तकों में आवश्यक प्रषवषियां कीषजए (स्ट क व देनदार पद्धषत के अनसु ार
62 Mr. Girdhar purchased machinery installment system from mr.pankaj. The cash price
of the machinery was Rs. 15,50000. The payment for the purchases is to be made as
under:
On signing the agreement 300000
Ist year end 500000
II year end 500000
III year end 500000
 Deprociation@20% on written down value of the assests.
Make necessary journal entries in the books of the buyer and seller under installment
payment basis.
श्री षगरधर ने श्री पंकज से षकस्त प्रणाली के अन्तगात मशीनरी खरीदी मशीनरी का नग का म्‍ू य ूप.
15,50,000 खरीद पर भगु तान षनम्न प्रकार से षकया जाना ह
अनबु धं हस्ताक्षर के समय 300000
प्रथम वषा की समाषि पर 500000
षद्वतीय वषा की समाषि पर 500000
तृतीय वषा की समाषि पर 500000
म्‍ू य ह्रास 20 प्रषतशत दर से पररसम्पषि यों के अषं कत म्‍ू य पर
षकस्त भगु तान के आधार पर क्रेता तथा षवक्रेता के खातों में आवश्यक जनाल प्रषवषियां दजा कीषजए
63 A consignor has total sales Rs. 80000. Out of which Rs. 20000 sales in credit sales
consignee recived 10% commission on sales and 2% as a del creder commission Rs.
500 which is related to credit sales couls not realize from debtors. Pass journal entries
for credit sales. Bad debts & for commission in consigner books.
एक षवक्रय प्रषतषनषध ने कुल षबक्री 80000 ूप की ह षजसमें 20000 ूप की षबक्री उधार से संबंषधत ह
उधार षबक्री के सबं धं में एक देनदार से 500ूप. वसल ु नहलि हो सका उधार षबक्री, डूबत ऋण, एवं कमीशन
के संबंध में प्रषतषनषध की पस्ु तक में जनाल प्रषवषियां दीषजए
64 What is self Balancing system of ledgers. Give its working and state hero it differs
from sectional Balancing system of ledgers?
खाता बषहयों की स्वीकीय सन्तल ु न प्रणाली क्या होती ह इसकी कायाषवषध दीषजए तथा यह बतलाइये षक
यह खाता बषहयों की वगीय सन्तल ु न प्रणाली से षकस प्रकार षभनन् ह?
65 Explain the methods of Recording joint venture transactions.
सयं क्ु त साहस सबं धं ी लेखाकरण षवषधयों को समझाइये
66 What is meant by Provision for Bad and doubt fuldebts. Why is ssh provision made? Is
the making of this provision necessary for a trader?
‘डूबत ऋणों के षलए आयोजन’ से क्या आशय ह? उक्त आयोजन क्यों बनाया जाता ह? क्या इसका षनमााण
व्यापारी के षलए आवश्यक ह?
67 The Balance of provision for Bad debts account on 31 December 2006 was Rs. 8000.
In the year 2007 bad debts written off were Rs. 2000. At the written off as further Bad
debts. At the end of the year 2007 debttors are Rs. 51000. The provision for Bad debts
is to be at 5% of debtors by the trader.
 31 षदसम्बर 2006 को डूबत ऋणों के षलए आयोजन खाते का शेष 8000 ूप. था वषा 2007 में डूबत ऋण
अपषलषखत षकये गए 2000ूप. इस वषा के अन्त में 1000ूप. के डूबत ऋण और अपषलषखत करने ह वषा
2007 के अतं में देनदार 51000 ूप. के थे व्यापारी द्वारा डूबत ऋणों के षलए आयोजन देनदारों पर 5
प्रषतशत की दर से बनाए रखा जाता ह?
68 Following are the extract from the trial Balance of a trader on 31 Dec. 2007
एक व्यापारी के तलपट से 31 षदसम्बर 2007 को षनमन सचू नाएं प्राप्त हएई -
Creditors 600000
Discount received 2000
Balance of resove for discount on creditors Rs. 4000. In addition to above, Rs. 3000
were received as discount from creditors.
Create Reserve for Discount on
Creditors@5%
लेनदार - 60000
बट्टा प्राप्त हएआ – 2000
लेनदारों पर बट्टा संचय शेष 4000
उपरोक्त के अषतररक्त 3000ूप. लेनदारों से बट्टा प्राप्त हएआ लेनदारों पर 5 प्रषतशत की दर से बट्टा संचय
बनाइये
Give necessary Journal Entries. Prepare reserve for discount on creditors account and
show the items in final account.
आवश्यक जनाल प्रषवषियां दीषजए तथा लेनदारों पर बट्टा सच ं य खाता खोषलये तथा अषन्तम खातों में मदों को
बताइये
69 A car is purchased recently which is expected to last for 4 years. It is likely to consume
Rs. 20000 an repairs during its life time. It is decided to load the profit and loss
account of all the 4 years equally is respect of this expenditure. The extual
expenditure of repairs expenditure of repairs comes to Rs. 2000 in the Ist year Rs.
4000 in the II year Rs. 6000 in the III year and Rs. 8000 in the 4th year.
Show the working of the account that will be opened for the purpose.
अभी हाल ही में एक कार खरीदी हएई ह षजसके 4 वषा चलने की सम्भावना ह अनमु ान ह षक इसके मरम्मत
पर इसके जीवन काल में कुल 20000 ूप. खचा होगा यह षनणाय षलया जाता ह षक चारों वषों के लाभ हाषन
खातों पर इसका बराबर प्रभाव पड़े मरम्मत का वास्तषवक खचा प्रथम वषा 2000ूप., षद्वतीय वषा में 4000ूप.,
 तृतीय वषा में 6000 ूप. और चतथु ा वषा में 8000ूप. होता ह
उस खाते की काया प्रणाली षदखाइये जो इस काया के षलए खोला जावेगा
70 Who are the users of financial statements? Explain the detail.
षवर्ततीय षववरणों के प्रयोगकर्तताा क न ह? षवस्तृत वणान कीषजए
71 What is meant by Assets accrual? Methods of preparing accounts under hire purchase
system?
षकराया क्रय पद्धषत में खाते तयार करने की सम्पषि अषजात षवषध से क्या आशय ह?
72 Form the following transactions of Mr. Sunil prepare the Bills Receivable Book –
नीचे दी गई सचू नाओ ं से श्री सनु ील की प्राप्य षबल बही बनाइये
2010
Jan 8 Drew bill on X and co. at 2 months for Rs. 2000.
Jan 10 Bills at on emonth for Rs. 2500 drawn on prahlad and co.
Jan 15 Acceptance received from Shyamlal at 3 months for Rs. 1750.
Jan 20 Pritlipal gave his acceptance at one month for Rs. 5000.
 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 1 st sem previous year questions

paper
B.com finance and taxition (Mahatma Gandhi University)

Scan to open on Studocu

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])
 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected]) Scanned by CamScanner

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected]) Scanned by CamScanner

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected]) Scanned by CamScanner

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected]) Scanned by CamScanner

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

QP CODE: 19103065 Reg No : .....................

19103065
Name : .....................

B.Com. Degree(CBCS)EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER 2019

First Semester
Core Course - CO1CRT02 - FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING I
(Common to all B. Com Degree Programmes)
2017 Admission Onwards
8EE1816C
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks :80
Part A
Answer any ten questions.
Each question carries 2 marks.

1. On 31st December, the date of preparation of final account,Machinery appears at

Rs.60,000.Depreciation @10% is required.Give adjusting entry.

2. What are the features of Balance Sheet?

3. Interest received during 2019 amounts to Rs. 2,800. On closing date interest accrued on investment
amounts to Rs. 400.Give adjusting entry.

4. Using the following data prepare balance sheet

Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
Debtors 2,80,000 Creditors 4,86,000
Building 13,50,000 Bills payable 1,25,000
Cash in Hand 55,000 Cash at bank 2,05,000
Capital 28,25,000 Bills Receivable 41,000
Machinery 12,50,000 Closing Stock 2,55,000

5. Write down the main difference between single entry and double entry system of accounting.

6. Calculate Bills received from customers- Opening balance - Rs.15,000, Bills receivable endorsed in
favour of creditors - Rs. 1,500, Bills receivable honoured - Rs.7,000 B/R dishonoured- Rs. 1,000,
Closing balance - Rs. 20,000.

7. From the following information find out total purchases for the year 2015. Sundry creditors and
Bills payable as on ( 1.1.2015) - Rs. 40,000, Sundry creditors and Bills payable as on (31.12.2015)
- Rs. 60,000, Cash paid during the year to creditors and bills payable - Rs 1,30,000 Discount
allowed by suppliers- Rs.5,000, Cash purchases- 25,000.

Page 1/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

8. What journal entry do you pass when short working is recovered and not recovered within the
stipulated time in the books of lessee ?

9. What are the features of consignment?

10. What is the treatment of baddebt when there is no delcredere commission?

A consigned 100 bales of cloth to B at Rs. 10,000 per bale. A incurred the following expenses.
11.
Packing and forwarding charges Rs. 1,000; Insurance in transit Rs. 4,000
B received the consignment and sold 80 bales at Rs. 16,000 per bale. They incurred the following
expenses.
Freight and Cartage Rs, 6,000 ; Insurance of godown Rs. 800; Salesman’s salary Rs. 3,200.
Ascertain the value of consignment stock.
A consigned goods costing Rs. 50,000 to B whose recurring and non recurring expenses on the
same amounted to Rs. 5,000 and Rs. 2,000 respectively.B sold 3/4th of the goods for Rs.35,000.
Ascertain the value of unsold stock.

12. How will you treat drawings of crop products under farm accounting?
(10×2=20)
Part B
Answer any six questions.
Each question carries 5 marks.

13. Compare the accounting treatment of capital loss and revenue loss while preparing the books of
accounts.

14. Prepare trading account and profit and loss of a trader for the year ending 31st March 2018 from
the following data:
Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
Stock (31/03/2017) 2,00,000 Salaries 1,20,000
Purchases 2,55,000 Rent,rates & taxes 22,000
Wages 1,00,000 Depreciation 4,500
Carriage 5,000 Repairs 7,500
Purchase returns 13,250 Discount allowed 12,805
Export Duty 9,000 Bad debts 5,400
Sales 8,75,000 Advertisement 18,700
Coal& Cake 25,000 Gas & Water 73,300
Sales returns 10,000 Factory Lighting 8,400
Printing and Stationery 2,250 General Expenses 9,900
Stock (31/03/2018) 3,50,000

Page 2/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

15. Arjun keeps books on single entry system. You are required to find profit or loss for the year ended
31/12/2012 and also prepare Final Statement of affairs on that date.
Assets and Liabilities 1/1/2012 31/12/2012
Stock 25,000 32,000
Cash in hand 1,500 3,400
Debtors 21,000 18,000
Bills receivables 15,000 14,000
Furniture 10,000 10,000
Motor Van 25,000 25,000
Creditors 15,000 17,000
Bank overdraft 20,000 19,000

The drawings during the year amounted to Rs. 2500, Depreciate furniture by 10% and write off 300
from Motor Van. Rs. 500 is irrecoverable from a debtor and provide 5% as provison for bad debt.

16. Explain the steps for the prepration of Trading and profit and Loss account and Balance sheet in
conversion method?

17. What do you mean by recoupment of short working ?Write the journal entries in the books of lessor
on recoupment.
Prepare analysis table from this details; Royalty payable Rs 5. per tones of output, Minimum rent
18.
75,000 pa., Short working of a year can be recouped on the next 2 years out of the excess royalty,
Output during first five years -10000, 12200, 20800, 25500, 35500 tones respectively.

19. What are the journal entries in the books of Consignee?

20. Moving star sports ltd consigned 1000 cycles to XYZ cycle mart at Rs 1500 each. They paid
freight Rs 1,00,000 and insurance Rs 15,000. During transit 100 cycles were totally damaged by
fire. Insurance company admitted a claim of Rs 1,40,000 only.

Xyz cycle mart took delivery of 900 cycles and paid Rs 15,300 for octroi. 800 cycles were sold at
Rs 2,200 each. They paid Rs 15,000 for advertisement and Rs 5,000 for selling expenses. The
consignee was entitled to a commission of 5%. They settled their account by a bank draft.
Prepare consignment account and consignee’s account in the books of moving star sports
Ltd.

21. Prepare a Crop Account with imaginary figures.

(6×5=30)

Page 3/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Part C
Answer any two questions.
Each question carries 15 marks.

22. From the following Trial Balance of Siva prepare trading and profit and loss account and Balance
Sheet for the year ended 303.2018

Trial Balance as at 31.03.2018

Particulars Debit Credit

Capital 35,000
Drawings 5000
Purchases 26,000
Purchase Return 2000
Opening Stock 8000
Salary 4000
Wages 1500
Rent 500
Bad debts 500
Discount allowed 600
Sundry debtors 18,000
Cash in Hand 500
Cash at Bank 6000
Insurance 600
Trade expenses 450
Printing 200
Furniture 6500
Building 6000
Sales 34,350
Discounts 2000
Sundry creditors 10,000
Bills Payable 1000
Total 84,350 84,350

Page 4/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Additional Informations:
1. Closing stock was valued at 6000
2. Insurance was prepaid to the extent of 100
3. Outstanding expenses are Salary Rs.300 and wages Rs.350
4.Make a provision for doubtful debts at 5% on sundry debtors.
5. Calculate interest on capital at 5% p.a
6.Depreciate building at 5% and furniture at 10%
7. Discount on creditors at 1%

23. Mr. Bobby does not keep his books under double entry system. The following are his assets and
liabilities as on opening and closing dates of 2016.
Assets and liabilities 1/1/2016 31/12/2016
Debtors 10,500 15,000
Creditors 9,100 10,200
Bills payable 4,300 4,800
Bills receivables 6,400 7,600
Stock 17,300 21,300
Furniture 8,000 ?

Bobby’s cash book as follows

Receipts Amount ( in Rs.) Payments Amount ( in Rs.)
Balance 1/1/2016 4,300 Salaries 5,000
Sales 66,000 Wages 4,500
Debtors 48,000 Purchases 43,500
Bills receivables 16,700 Creditors 28,000
Drawings 2,500
Office expenses 12,800
Bills payables 6,600
Investment in shares 22,000
Balance on 31/12/2016 10,100
1,35,000 1,35,000

Discount allowed to debtors is Rs.2,200, discount allowed by creditors is Rs.2,300, bad debts
written off is Rs.300, Provision for doubtful debts is at 5%, Depreciation at 10 % on furniture,
interest accrued on investment amounted to 2,200. Prepare profit and loss account and balance
sheet for 2016.

Page 5/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

24. Mr. A owned certain patent right .He granted a license to M/s B & Sons to use such right on a
royalty basis . The following are the relevant particulars:

Year Minimum rent Royalty earned

2005 1,750 1,500
2006 2,000 1,800
2007 2,250 1,900
2008 2,500 2,750
2009 2,500 2,600
The deficiency of any year is to be set off against excess payable within the next two years.
Prepare necessary ledger accounts.

25. Arjun of Asam consigned 100 sewing machines to sajan of Mumbai to be sold on his risk. The cost
of one sewing machine was Rs 150, but the invoice price was Rs 200. Arjun paid freight Rs 600
and insurance in transit Rs 200.
Sajan sent a bank draft to Arjun for Rs 10,000 as advance payment and later sent an account sale
showing that 80 sewing machine were sold at Rs 220 each. Expenses incurred by Sajan were:
carriage inward Rs 25, Octroi Rs 75, godown rent Rs 500 and advertisement Rs 300. Sajan is
entitled to a commission of 5% on sales
Journalise the above transactions in the books of Arjun and Sanjay.
(2×15=30)

Page 6/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

QP CODE: 21102465 Reg No : .....................

21102465
Name : .....................

B.COM DEGREE (CBCS) EXAMINATIONS, OCTOBER 2021

First Semester
Core Course - CO1CRT02 - FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING I
(Common for all B.Com Degree Programmes)
2017 Admission Onwards
4B375BC5
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks : 80
Part A
Answer any ten questions.
Each question carries 2 marks.

1. Which are the Fundamental Accounting Assumptions?

2. What do you mean by Capital Expenditure?

3. What is accrued income?

4. Insurance premium paid during 2019 is Rs. 12,000, of which two months insurance is
prepaid. Pass adjusting entry for the prepaid insurance.

5. What you meant by total creditors account and mention the items in total creditors
account?

6. Find the capital at the beginning of the year; capital at the end of the year - Rs.70,000,
Drawings during the year- Rs. 15,000, Capital introduced during the year - Rs. 5,000,
Profit during the year - Rs. 18,500

7. Ascertain the amount of bills payable as on 1.1.2009. Bills payable issued in favour of
creditors during 2009- Rs 30,000, Bills payable dishonoured- Rs.5,000, Bills payable paid
during the year- Rs. 20,000 Bills payable on 31.12.2009 – Rs.10,000.
8. Distinguish between royalty payable and royalty receivables.

9. What is consignor account?

Ascertain the value of closing stock from the information given below:
10.
Number of units consigned 10,000 Consignee’s expenses:
Rate Rs. 4 per unit Carriage, cartage Rs. 150
Expenses of the consignor Rs. 1,475 Rent Rs.100
No of units sold 8,000

Page 1/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

11. A consigned 200 tonnes of coal to B at Rs.300 per tonne. Freight and insurance paid by
consignor amounted to Rs. 4,000. Loss due to loading and unloading of coal is estimated
at 5 tonnes. 76 tonnes coal is sold at Rs. 800. Ascertain the value of unsold stock.

12. How will you treat wages paid in kind to the workers under farm accounting?
(10×2=20)
Part B
Answer any six questions.
Each question carries 5 marks.

13. State the limitations of accounting.

Determine cost of goods produced and gross profit from the following data
14.
Opening Stock Closing Stock
Raw materials 1,30,000 90,000
Work -in- progress 34,000 26,000
Finished Goods 96,400 74,000
Transactions during the year
Purchase of materials 4,00,000
Wages 2,50,000
Stores Consumed 30,000
Indirect Wages 72,000
Factory rent 24,000
Depreciation on plant and machinery 40,000
Sales 11,20,000
Purchase of Finished goods 10,000

15. Elaborate the difference between single entry and double entry system of accounting.

16. Akshay commenced business on 1st January 2016 with a capital of Rs.30,000. Some
thereafter he bought furniture and fixtures for Rs.4,000. On 30th June 2016 he borrowed
Rs.10,000 from his sister at 12% interest per annum( its is not yet paid). And introduced
further capital of his own amounting to Rs.3,000. He withdrew Rs. 600 per month for his
personal expenses. On 31st December 2016 his position was as follows. Cash in hand
Rs.400 Cash at bank Rs.5,200 Sundry debtors Rs.10,200 Stock Rs. 10,000 Bills
Receivables Rs.3,300 Sundry creditors Rs.1,000 and owing for rent Rs.300. Furniture
and fixtures are to be depreciated by 10%, ascertain the profit or loss made by Akshay
during 2016.
17. Show how shortworkings are recouped with suitable examples?

18. Vikas Publishers published a book written by Swamy on the terms that he will get a

Page 2/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

royalty of Rs 3 per copy sold , subject to a minimum of Rs 5,000 p. a. and the short
workings of each year could be recovered in next three years . The copies sold were;2011
– 800; 2012 – 1,500 ; 2013 – 2,200 ; 2014 – 2,000 ; 2015 – 3,000. Show the
irrecoverable short workings if any.

On 1st July 2013 ABC Ltd consigned 200 radios to RST Brothers. The cost of each radio
19.
was Rs 400. ABC Ltd paid Rs 5,000 for freight and insurance. On 7th July 2013 RST
Bros accepted a 3 months bill drawn upon them by ABC Ltd for Rs 50,000. RST Bros
paid Rs 2,200 as rent and Rs 1,300 for advertisement and upto 31st December, 2013 (on
which date ABC Ltd closes their books of account). They sold 180 radios at Rs 500
each. RST Bros were entitled to a commission of 5% on sales.

Give journal entries and prepare necessary accounts to record the above transactions in
the books of the parties.

20. On 1st January 2017, Madhurai and Sons consigned to Venu goods costing Rs20,000.
They paid freight and insurance amounting to Rs 1,500 and drew on Venu a bill for Rs
10,000 payable after 3 months. The bill was discounted with the bank for Rs 9,950. On
1st July 2017, an account sale was received from Venu showing that ¾ of the
consignment was sold for Rs 30,000. The expenses of the consignee amounted to Rs
750 and he was to be paid commission at 7%.

A customer who had purchased goods on credit for Rs 1,500 could not pay the amount.
You are required to prepare the important ledger accounts in the books the consignor and
consignee.

21.
From the following information, prepare crop account.

Opening stock: ₹
Fertiliser 5,000
Seeds 12,000
Rice 30,000

Purchases:
Fertiliser 8,000
Seeds 5,000
Wages:
Paid in cash 50,000
Paid in kind by giving rice 12,000
Sale of rice 3,16,000
Rice consumed by the proprietor 16,000
Repairs on machinery 8,000
Depreciation on machinery 10,000
Closing stock:
Fertiliser 7,000

Page 3/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

Seeds 6,000
Rice 50,000

(6×5=30)
Part C
Answer any two questions.
Each question carries 15 marks.

22. The following is the Trial Balance of Kumar as on 31st March, 2018.
Par culars Dr.(Rs.) Cr.(Rs.)
Cash in hand 540
Cash at bank 12,630
Purchases 1,40,675
Sales account 2,58,780
Returns inwards 2,680
Returns outwards 1,500
Wages 20,480
Fuel and power 4,730
Carriage on sales 3,200
Carriage on purchases 2,040
Stock account (1st April ,2006) 25,760
Buildings 30,000
Freehold land 20,000
Machinery 20,000
Patents 7,500
Salaries 15,000
General expenses 13,000
Insurance 600
Drawings 15,245
Capital
Sundry debtors 14,500
Sundry creditors 82,000

6,300
3,48,580 3,48,580

Taking into account the following adjustments, prepare Trading and Profit and Loss
Account and the Balance Sheet:

1. Stock on hand on 31st March, 2018 is Rs. 25,300.

2. Machinery is to be depreciated at the rate of 10% and patents at the rate of
20%
3. Salaries for the month of March,2018 amounting to Rs. 1,400 were unpaid.

Page 4/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

4. Insurance includes a premium of Rs. 170 on a policy, expiring on 30th

September 2018.
5. Wages include a sum of Rs. 2,000 spend on the erection of a cycle shed for
employees and customers.
6. A provision for bad and doubtful debts is to be to created to the extent of 5
percent of Sundry Debtors.

23. Sam commenced business on 1/1/2016 with capital of Rs.45,000. He immediately

purchased furniture of Rs.24,000. During the year he received a gift of Rs.3,000 from his
uncle and borrowed Rs.5,000 from his father. He had withdrawn Rs.600 per month for his
personal expenses. He had no bank account and all dealing were in cash. From the
following information prepare trading and profit and loss account for the year ended
31/12/2016.
Sales ( including cash sales Rs.30,000) 1,00,000
Purchases ( including cash purchases Rs. 10,000) 75,000
Carriage inwards 700
Wages 300
Discount allowed to debtors 800
Salaries 6,200
Bad debt written off 1,500
Trade expenses 1,200
Advertisement 2,200
He used goods worth Rs.1,300 for personal use and paid Rs. 500 for his son.
On 31/12/2016 his debtors were Rs.21,000, creditors Rs.15,000, Stock in trade
Rs.10,000, Furniture depreciated by 10%.

24. Mr. Ramanujan patented an automatic door closer and granted to MrRaju the licence to
manufacture and sell the closers for 10 years on the following terms .

1. Raju to pay a royalty of Rs 5 for every closer sold with a minimum rent of Rs
2,500 p.a.
2. Raju could set off the short workings arising in any year against surplus
royalties payable in the next 2 years .
3. From the second year onwards , the dead rent is agreed upon at Rs 2,000
instead of Rs 2,500 and all the other terms being unchanged. The other details
are:

Year produc on (units ) closing stock (units)

1 125 25
2 225 50
3 285 35
4 515 50
Show the ledger accounts in the books of Raju & Co.

Page 5/6 Turn Over

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 lOMoARcPSD|37789264

25. KYC Industries Ltd, UP consigned 200 motors in January to their agent Jaihind Motors,
Andrapradesh. A motor costs Rs 300, but its invoice price is Rs 400. The consignors paid
freight Rs 1,200 and carriage Rs 800.

Jaihind motors took delivery of the goods by paying Railway charges Rs 500, customs
duty Rs 200 and clearing charges Rs 300. They are entitled to a commission of 10% on
sales. The consignors drew a three months bill on the consignee for Rs 40,000, who
discounted it for Rs 39,000.
At the end of the year, Jaihind motors reported that 150 motors were sold @ Rs
440 each, the selling expenses thereon being Rs 2,800.
Pass journal entries and prepare consignment account and Jaihind Account in
the books of KYC Industries Ltd.

(2×15=30)

Page 6/6

Downloaded by SK WASIMUDDIN ([email protected])

 SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MG6851 - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
UNIT – I : INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONS
PART – A (2 Marks)
1. What is Management?
Management is the process of giving direction and controlling the various activities of the people to achieve the
objectives of an organization.

2. Define – Management.
According to koontz & Weihrich “management is the process of designing and maintaining of an environment
in which individuals working together in group efficiently accomplished selected aims”.

3. Write some characteristics of Management.

 Management is a continuous process.
 Managers use the resources of the organization both physical as well as human to achieve the goals.
 Management aims at achieving the organization goals by ensuring effective use of resources.

4. What are the roles of management in organization?

 Managements help in determination of the objectives of an organization. 

M
 Economics and social development takes place through management. 

O
C
5. Write any two points in favor for management as a science.
S.
 Management principles should be verifiable.
U

 Reliable basis for predicting future.

C
FO

6. Write any two points in favor for management as an art.

TS

 Management is creative. 
 Management includes the use of practical knowledge and personal skill. 
EN
D

7. What is Time study?

U

The movements which takes minimum time is the best one.

ST

8. What is motion study?

Taylor suggested that eliminating wasteful movements and performing only necessary movements.

9. Write Fayol’s fourteen principles of management.

1 Division of work 8 Centralization 
2 Authority and Responsibility 9 Scalar chain 
3 Discipline 10 Order 
4 Unity of command 11 Equality 
5 Unity of direction 12 Stability 
 Individual interest to general interest 13 Initiative 
 Remuneration 14 Esprit de-corps 

10. What is authority?

It is the power given to a person to get work from his subordinates.

11. What is responsibility?

It is the amount of work expected of forma man by his superior.
12. Comment: Management is both – A science and an art.
Management is a science because it contains general principles. It is also an art because it requires certain
personal skills to achieve desired result.
 13. What is centralization?
The organization is centralized when the power is concentrated with one person.

14. What is decentralization?

The power is fully distributed to the subordinates of the organization.

15. What is scalar chain?

The instruction and orders should be sent from the top management to the lower management.

16. What are management levels?

 Top-level management. 
 Middle level management 
  Lower level management 

17. Write some important functions of top management.
 To formulate goals and policies of the company. 
 To formulate budgets 
 To appoint top executives 

18. Write any two functions of middle level management.

 To train, motivate and develop supervisory level. 
 To monitor and control the operations performance. 

M


O
19. What are essential skills needs for the manager?
 Technical skill. 
C
S.
 Human skill 
U

 Conceptual skill 
C


FO

20. Write the function of management.

 Planning 
TS

 Organizing 
EN

 Staffing 
 Coordinating 
D

 Controlling 
U


ST

21. What is social responsibility?

Society is the part of the management to initiate actions either to protect social interest of the society.

22. List out the groups’ responsibilities of management.

 Shareholders
 Employees
 Customers
 Creditors
 Suppliers

23 What is ethics?
All individuals in business or non-business activities are concerned with some standardized form of behavior
are known as ethics.

24. What is ethics in management?

 Business ethics deals with morality of the business environment. 
 Business ethics relate to the behavior of a businessman in a situation. 

25. What is partnership?
A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on business and to share its profit and
losses in an agreed ratio.
 UNIT – I : INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATIONSLUS.COM
Part-B-16Marks

1. Explain the different Business organization (16)

Business Organization
An Organization is a group of people working together to achieve a common goal.
Organization is grouping of activities and putting under different departments according
to their functions.
The Organization brings men and material resources together for fulfilling the goals of
enterprises.

Types of Organization
1. Sole proprietorship / Individual
2. Partnership
3. Joint stock Company - Private Ltd Company &Public Ltd Company
4. Co operative Enterprises
5. Public Enterprises / State ownership

1.Sole proprietorship - the individual entrepreneur supplies the entire capital, employs labor

M
and machines. Individual uses his own skill in the management of affairs and is solely

O
responsible for the good or bad result of its operation and working

C
Merits
S.
U
1. Simplest form of business 2. Least legal complicationHIPLUS.COM
C
FO

3. Quick decision 4. Maximum Profit

5. Personal Care 6. Quality product
TS

7. Minimum wastage 8. Flexible business

EN

2.Partnership - two or more persons come together and start a business with their own funds,
D

the parties agree to share the profits as well as bear the losses in the agreed proportion. The
U

formation and management of partnership organization is governed by the Indian Partnership

ST

Act, 1932.

Merits
1. Has larger financial resources
2. greater personal contacts of the partners gives more customer base and benefits
3. Persons of different skills and abilities can work for betterment of Organization
4. Less expenditure per partner is involved in forming partnership Organization
5. Loss will be divided among the partners

3.Joint Stock Company - Capital is contributed by a large number of people in the form of
shares of different values.

4.Private Ltd Company - can be established with two to fifty members. The maximum number
of membership is limited to 50. When this type of Organization expands beyond certain limit, it
can restrict its liability by registering the firm as a limited company. The company is registered
under Indian Company act 1956.
DYARTHIPLUS.COM
5.Public Ltd Company - the minimum number of members required are 7 and there is no upper
limit. Such companies offer shares to general public. Public Ltd companies are supervised and
controlled by the Government to protect the interest of Share holder public. The company is
governed by an elected body called board of directors.
 Merits
The shareholders bear no risk as the liability is limited
Large scale business can be undertaken
Not affected by the retirement of any share holder hence the existence of Organization is
permanent in nature.
Works on democratic principles, which results in economy and efficiency.

6. Co-operative Enterprises - Co-operation is a form of Organization where persons irrespective

of caste, creed and religion, voluntarily associate together as human beings. It is based on the
democratic principles and functions for the welfare of the public at large. It protects the interest
of consumer as well as that of small producers.
Features
Voluntary Organization
Open Membership
Common purpose I Interest
Democratic Management
Not profit orientedUS.COM
********************************************************************************
2. Is Management Profession-discuss? (8)
The essential attribute of a profession

M
1. A well-defined and organized body of knowledge

O
2. Learning and Experience

C
3. Entry restricted by qualification S.
4. Recognized national body
U
C

5. Ethical code of conduct

FO

6. Dominance of service motive

Mgt cannot be a fully fledged profession due to the following shortcomings
TS

Skills not fully developed

No uniform method of entry
EN

Objective is monetary rather than service

D

Ethical code is not strict

U

Associations are not statutory bodies

ST

Levels of Management
1.Top Level Management
To analyze, evaluate and deal with the environmental forces
To establish overall long term goals & broad policies of the company including
the master budgetWW.VIDYARTPLUS.COM
To appoint departmental and other key executives
To represent the company to the outside world
To coordinate the activities and efforts of different department
2.Middle Level Management
To interpret and explain the policies framed by top management
To compile and issue detailed instruction regarding operations
To cooperate among themselves so as to integrate various parts of the division or a
department
To motivate supervisory personnel to work for Organization goals
To develop and train supervisory and operative personnel.
3.Supervisory / Operating / Lower Level Mgt-
To plan day to day production within the goals lay down by higher authority
To assign jobs to workers & to make arrangement their training & development
To supervise and control workers and to maintain personal contact with them.
 Roles of a manager (Mint berg)
1. Interpersonal Role - Interacting with people inside and outside the Organization
Figurehead - as a symbolic head of an organization, performs routine duties
Leader - Hiring, Training, motivating and guiding subordinates
Laison- Interacting with outside the organization to obtain favors & information
2. Informational Role - Serving as a focal point for exchange of Information
Monitor - Seeks & receive information concerning internal and external
Disseminator - Transmits information to subordinates, peers and superiors
Spokesperson-Transmits information on Organization plans, policies & actions.
3.Decisional Role- Makes important decision

Entrepreneur - Initiating changes or improvements

Disturbance handler- Taking charge and corrective action
Resource allocator
- Distributing Organization's resources like money, time, equipment and labor
Negotiator
Representing the Organization in bargaining and negotiations with outsiders and
insiders.

M
********************************************************************************

O
3. Discuss the contribution of Henry Fayol Management. (16)

C
S.
Father of Management - Henry Fayol (1841- 1925) Henry Fayol contributed
U
C

14 Principles to Management which is widely applied in the entire Organization

FO

1. Division of Work
TS

2. Authority and Responsibility

3. Discipline
EN

4. Unity of Command
5. Unity of Direction
D
U

6. Subordination of individual interest to general interest

ST

7. Remuneration of personnel
8. Centralization
9. Scalar Chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability of Tenure of Personnel
13. Initiative
14.Esprit-de-corps.
******************************************************************************M
4. Discuss the contribution of F.W. Taylor to management. (8)
Taylor defined management as,
"The art of knowing exactly what you want men tie do and seeing that they do it in the
best and cheapest way."
The objective of management  Both the employer and the employees.
His ideas are available book.' Principles of scientific management' published in 1911.

Taylor's principles of scientific management are as follows;

Development of a true science for each element of a man's job to replace the old rule
of thumb method.
Scientific selection, training and development of workers for every job
 An almost equal division of work and responsibility between management and workmen.
Close co-operation between management and
Maximum output in place of restricted output.
Techniques of scientific Management
Taylor developed several techniques these techniques provide the mechanism for
implementing his principles. Some of these techniques are given below:
1. Separation of planning and doing:
Taylor suggests the separation of planning and doing.
Taylor says that supervisor should be done the planning.
The workers only concentrate on doing the work.
2. Functional foremanship:
• Taylor developed a theory called functional foremanship based on specialization
of function.
• In this system eight foreman were involved to direct and control the activities of
the workers.
3. Job analysis
Time Study
Motion Study

M
Fatigue study

O
StandardizationIDYARLUS.CO

C
4. Scientific selection and training:
S.
Taylor suggested that workers should be selected on scientifically.
U
A worker should be physically and technically most suitable.
C

******************************************************************************M
FO

5. Is Management Art or Science. Comment. (8)

Management as an Art
TS

It is a practical way of doing specific things

EN

Art is a personalized process and every artist has his own style. Art is essentially
creative and the success of an artist is measured by the results he achieves
D

Art is a practice based & perfection , it requires continuous practice over a long period
U

The main elements of an art are -

ST

a. Personal Skills
b. Practical know-how
c. Result orientation
d. Creativity
e. Constant practice aimed at perfection
Management is basically an art because of the following reasons -
A manager applies his knowledge and skills to coordinate the people
Mgt seeks to achieve concrete practical result
Mgt is creative. It brings out new situation and converts into output
Effective Mgt lead to realization of Organizational and other goals. Mastery in Mgt
requires a sufficiently long period of experience in, managing.
Management as Science
The essential elements of Science
It is a systematized body of Knowledge
Contains underlying principles and theories developed through continuous observation,
experimentation and research.
Universal applicability
*************************************************************************
S.COM.VIDYARTHIPLUS.C
OM
 6. Explain the nature and scope of Management. (8)
Management Definition
Management is the art of getting things done through others. Harold Koontz Def as
"Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals,
working together in groups efficiently to accomplish selected aims"
Managers carry out their managerial function
Applies to any kind of Organization
Applies to managers at all organizational levels
Aim is to create a surplus
Concerned with productivity, implies effectiveness and efficiency
Mgt of 4 M's in the Organization - Men, Machine, Materials &money
I
Characteristics of Management
Management is Universal
1. Mgt is Purposeful
2. Mgt is integrative Function
3. Mgt is a Social process
4. Mgt is a Multi disciplinary
5. Mgt is a continuous process

M
6. Mgt is intangible

O
Management as a Profession

C
S.
The essential attribute of a professionARTHIPLUS.COM
1. A well-defined and organized body of knowledge
U
C

2. Learning and Experience

FO

3. Entry restricted by qualification

4. Recognized national body
TS

5. Ethical code of conduct

6. Dominance of service motive
EN

*************************************************************************
D

7. Explain Functions of Management. (8)

U

1. Managers carry out their managerial function

ST

2. Applies to any kind of Organization

3. Applies to managers at all organizational levels
4. Aim is to create a surplus
5. Concerned with productivity, implies effectiveness and efficiency
6. Mgt of 4 M's in the Organization - Men, Machine, Materials &money
YARTHIPLUS.COM
Importance of Management
Management is the dynamic life -giving clement in every business. Without it
the resources of production remain resources and never become production. Sound
Management provides the following benefits.
1. Achievement of group goals
2. Optimum utilization of resources
3. Fulfillment of social obligations
4. Economic growth
5. Stability
6. Human Development
7. Meets the challenge of change
Functions Classification of managerial Functions

Planning Forecasting, Decision making, Strategy formulation, Policy making, Programming,

Scheduling, Budgeting, Problem-solving, Innovation, Investigation, Research.
Organizing Grouping of Functions, Delegation, Decentralization, Task allocation

Staffing Manpower planning, Job analysis, Recruitment, Selection, Training, placement,

Compensation, Promotion, Appraisal, etc
Directing Supervision, Motivation, Communication, Leadership etc.
Controlling Fixation of standard, Recording, Measurement, Reporting & Corrective Action.

Need for Management

1. To increase efficiency
2. To crystallize the nature of Mgt job
3. To improve research in Mgt
4. To attain social goals.

M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
TS
EN
D
U
ST
 SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MG6851 - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
UNIT - II : PLANNING
PART – A (2 Marks)
1. What is planning?
Planning is the process of selecting the objectives and determining the course of action required achieving
these objectives.

2. State the important observations suggested about planning.

 Planning is outlining a future course of action in order to achieve on objective. 
 Planning is looking ahead. 
 Planning is getting ready to do something tomorrow. 
 Plan is a trap laid down to capture the future. 

3. List out the features of planning.
 Planning – a primary function   Planning – a selective process 
 Planning - a dynamic process   Planning – an intellectual process 
 Planning – based on objectives and policies   Planning is based on facts 

4. What are the main objectives of planning?

Planning is a primary function of organization. It helps in achieving objectives. It is done to cope with

M
uncertainty and change. It helps in facilitating control. It helps in coordination.

O
Planning increases organization effectiveness. Planning guides in decision making.
C
S.
5. Define – mission.
U

Mission may be defined as a statement which defines the role that an organization plays in the society.
C
FO

6. State the important questions to answer by a good mission.

 What is our business? 
TS

 What should it be? 

EN


7. Define – Objectives.
D
U

The terms objectives or goals are often used interchangeably. Objectives are the end results towards which
ST

the activities of firm are aimed or directed.

8. What is meant by strategies?
Strategy of an organization is the programme of action and deployment of resources to attain its objectives.

9. Define – Policies
Policies are general statement or understandings, which provide guidance in decision making to various
managers.

10. What is procedure?

A procedure is a chronological order of actions required to implement a policy and to achieve an objectives.

11. Name any two important procedures in organization.

 Procedures for placing orders for material and equipment. 
 Procedures for sanctioning different types of employee’s leave. 

12. Define – Budgets

A budget is a statement of expected results in numerical terms and therefore it may be referred as a
numerical programme.

13. What is objective?

Objectives are the aims, purposes or goals that an organization wants to achieve over varying periods of time
14. What are the advantages and limitations of Planning?
Advantages Limitations:
Help in achieving objectives Lack of accurate information 
Better utilization of resources Time and cost 
Economy in operation Inflexibility 
Improves competitive strength Delay during emergency period 

15. State the two approaches of objectives.

 Top –down approach 
 Bottom –up approach 

16. What is MBO?

MBO is a process whereby, the superior and the subordinate managers of an enterprise jointly identify its
common goals, define each individual’s major areas of responsibility in terms of results expected of him, and
use these measures as guides for operating the unit and assessing the contribution of its members.

17. Mention the features of MBO.

 MBO focuses attention on what must be accomplished and not how to accomplish the objectives. It is a
goal oriented rather than work-oriented approach. 
 MBO tries to combine the long range goals of organization with short range of organization. 
 A high degree of motivation and satisfaction is available to employees through MBO. 

18. What are the major kinds of strategies and policies?

M
Growth Finance Organization 
Personal Products or services
O
Market 
C

S.
19. Classify policies.
U

1. Formulated policies   Appealed policy 3. Imposed policy

C

5. Implied policies 
FO

4. Written policies
TS

20. Classify decisions.

 Programmed and non-programmed decisions 
EN

 Organizational and personal decisions 


D
U

21. What is planning premises?

ST

The assumptions about future derived from forecasting and used in planning are known as planning premises.

22. What are the practices made in making effective premising?

 Selection of premises 
 Collection of information 
 Development of alternative premises for contingency planning 
 Verification of the consistency of premises 
 Communication of planning premises 

23. State the classification of planning premises.
 Internal and External 
 Tangible and intangible 
 Controllable and uncontrollable 

24. Define – Decision making process

Decision – making is defined as the process of choosing a course of action from among alternatives to achieve
a desired goal. It is one of the functions of management and also a core process of planning.

25. What are the techniques useful while evaluating alternatives?

 Quantitative and Qualitative analysis 
 Marginal analysis 
 Cost effectiveness analysis 
 UNIT - II : PLANNING
PART – B (16 Marks)

1.What is planning? Explain the various steps involved in Planning. (8)

Planning is the process of selecting the objectives and determining the course of
action required to achieve these objectives.
Steps in Planning
1. Being aware of Opportunity
- In light of the market, competition, what customer wants, our Strengths
and weakness?
2. Setting Objectives or goals
- Where we want to be and we want to accomplish and when
3. Considering Planning Premises
- In what environment. Internal or External - will our plan to operate?
4. Identifying alternatives
- What are the most promising alternatives to accomplish our Objectives?
5. Comparing alternatives in light of goals
- Which alternative will give us the best chance of meeting our goals at the
lowest cost and highest profit?VIDYARTHIUS.COM
6. Choosing an alternative

M
- Selecting the course of action we will pursue

O
7. Formulating supporting plan

C
S.
- Such as plans to buy equipment, buy materials, hire and train Workers.
Develop a product.
U
C

8. Number zing plans by making budgets'

FO

- Developing such budgets as volume and price of sales operating

expenses necessary for plans expenditure for capital equipment.
TS

*************************************************************************
2 Explain the Planning Premises. (16)
EN

Planning Premises
D

A plan is based on certain assumptions called premises

U

Assumptions or premises are for a future setting or happenings

ST

Assumptions based upon ce11ain intuition or scientific forecasting

The assumptions about future derived from forecasting and used in Planning are
known as planning premises
De! - Koontz O'Donnell
"Planning premises are the anticipated environment in which plans are expected to
operate. They include assumptions or forecast of the future and known conditions that will affect
the operations of plans. E.g. as prevailing policies and existing company plans that control the
basic nature of supporting plans.
Purpose of premises is to facilitate the planning process by guiding, directing,
simplifying and reducing the degree of uncertainty in it. PremisesDYARTHIPLUS.COM
Planning premises may be classified as follows
1. Internal and External.
2. Tangible and Intangible
3. Controllable and uncontrollable
1. Internal and External premises
Internal premises exist within a business enterprise. These include resources
and abilities of enterprise in the form of men, material, machine, money and methods.
Competence of management personal and skill labor force may be regarded as the most
important internal premises
 External premises are those which lie outside of the firm, There are
many kinds of external premises.
(a) General bus mess environment including economic technological,
political, and social conditions
(b) The product market consisting of the demand and supply forces for the
product or service and
(c) The factor market for land, labor, capital etc.
2. Tangible and Intangible premises
Tangible premises are those which can be expressed in quantitative terms like
monetary unit. Unit of product, labor hour, machine hour and so on.
Intangible premises are those which cannot be measured
quantitativeDYARTHIPL.COM
The example of such premises is reputation of the concern, public relations, employee
morale, motivation etc.
3. Controllable and uncontrollable premise
This classification is on the basis of controllability. Control1able
premises are those which are entirely within thecontrol and realm of management.
These include organizational policies, structure, systems, procedures etc. Such premises
are mostly internal.
Uncontrollable premises are those which cannot be controlled by an

M
organizations action. These include the rate of economic growth. Population, growth,

O
taxation policy of government, natural climate, war etc

C
Making premising effective: S.
a) Selection of premises
U
C

b) Collection of informationIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
FO

Who has collected the information?

What was the objective of collecting the information?
TS

When was information collected?

How was information analyzed?
EN

c) Development of alternative premises for contingency planning

D

d) Verification of the consistency of premises

U

e) Communication of planning premises

ST

*************************************************************************
3 Explain the process of MBO and explain its benefits and weakness. (16)
Management by Objectives (MBO)
"MBO is a comprehensive managerial system that integrates many key managerial
activities in a systematic manner and that is consciously directed towards the effective and
efficient achievement of Organization and individual Objectives."
- Where superiors and subordinates jointly identify the goals of the
Organization
Process of MBO
Setting preliminary Objectives
Clarifying Organizational roles
Setting subordinates Objectives
Recycling Objectives

How to set Objectives

Quantitative &Qualitative
Setting Objectives in Govt
Guidelines for setting Objectives
 Benefits of MBO
Improvement of managing
Clarification of Organization
Encouragement of Personal commitment
Development of Effective control

Weakness of MBO
Failure to teach the philosophy of MBO
Failure to give guidelines to goal setters
Difficulty of setting goals
Emphasis on short run goals
Danger of Inflexibility
*************************************************************************

4. Define Forecasting. Explain the various forecasting techniques used for decision making
process. (16)

Forecasting
- Process of predicting future conditions that will influence and guide the
activities, behavior and performance of the Organization.

M
Def- "Fore casting is the formal process of predicting future events that will

O
significantly affect the functioning of the enterprises.

C
Features S.
Involvement of Future events
U
C

Depends upon past and present events happening of future events

FO

Make use of forecasting techniques

Process
TS

Developing the ground work estimating the future trends

Comparing actual with estimated results refining the forecast
EN

Importance
D

Key to planning
U

Means of coordination Basis for control

ST

Executive development
Facing Environmental challenges

Forecasting Techniques
Qualitative (use of Statistical tools) and Quantitative (employ human judgments to
predict future)

Time series Analysis - involves decomposition of historical series into its various
components. VI - trend, seasonal variations, cyclical variations and random variations. A
trend can be known over the period of time and projections can be made about future.
Historical Analogy - past history records
Correlation - to find the relationship between two variables. E.g. Between advertising
expenditure and sales volume, Future sales estimated on basis of change in adv
expenditure
Regression - To measure the relationship between two variables. To find the relative
movements of two or more interrelated series.
Delphi Technique - the minds of the experts in the concerned areas are probed
systematically.
Input output analysis

*************************************************************************
5. Discuss the process involved in decision making. (8)

Decision Making
Is the process of choosing a course of action from available alternatives?
Def. Haynes & Massie "Decision making is a process of selection from a set of
alternative courses of action which is thought to fulfills the objective of the decision - problem
more satisfactorily than others."
Types of Managerial Decision
Organizational and Personal decision
Routine and Strategic decision
Programmed non programmed decision
Policy and operating decision
Individual group decision
Decision making process
Defining the problem
Analyzing the problem
Developing alternative solutions
Evaluating the alternative
Selecting the best alternative
*************************************************************************

M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
TS
EN
D
U
ST
 SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MG6851 - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
UNIT - III : ORGANISING
PART – A (2 Marks)
1. Define – Organizing
Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping of activities required to attain the objectives, delegating
authority, creating responsibility and establishing relationships for the people to work effectively.

2. Mention any four characteristics of an organization.

 Common objectives 
 Specialization or Division of labour 
 Authority of structure 
 Group of persons 

3. State the advantages of organization.
 Facilitate administration 
 Increases the efficiency of management 
 Facilitates growth and diversification 
 Ensures optimum use of man and material resources 


M
4. List out the steps involved in organization process.
 Determination of activities 
 Grouping of activities  O
C
S.
 Assignment of Duties 
U

 Delegation of authority 
C


FO

5. Mention the three categories of span of management.

 Direct single relationship 
TS

 Direct group relationships 

EN

 Cross relation 

D

6. What are the types of departmentation?

U

 Departmentation by numbers   Departmentation by customers 

ST

 Departmentation by time   Departmentation by Equipment or process 

 Departmentation by Enterprise function   Departmentation by Product or service 
Departmentation by Territory or Geography

7. Give a note departmentation by customers.

This type of departmentation is preferred when the needs of customers are different in nature. Some big
organization is providing special services to different of customer.

8. Define – Authority
Authority is the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience.

9. List out the sources of authority.

 Formal authority theory 
 Acceptance authority theory 
 Competence theory 

10. What is line authority?
Line authority is the direct authority which a superior exercises over a number of subordinates to carry out orders
and instructions. In organization process, authority is delegated to the individuals to perform the activities.

11. What is staff authority?

The relationship between a staff manager and the line manager with whom he works depends in part on the
staff duties.
12. List the steps involved in process of delegation.
 Determination of result expected 
 Assignment of duties 
 Delegation of authority 
 Creation of obligation or accountability 

13. What are the steps to be followed in making staff works effective?
 Understanding authority relationship 
 Making line listen to staff 
 Keeping staff informed 
 Requiring completed staff work 
 Making staff work a way of organizational life 

14. State the kinds of organizational charts.
 Vertical chart 
 Horizontal chart or left to right chart 
 Circular chart or concentric chart 

15. Define – Staffing

Staffing is the part of the management process which is concerned with the procurement utilization,
maintenance and development of a large satisfied work force on the organization.

M
16. Write any two roles of staffing.

O
 Effective utilization of skills and potential of the work force 
C
 Development and maintenance of quality of work life 
S.

U

17. What is job analysis?

C

Job analysis is a detailed study of a job to identify the skills, experience and aptitude required for the job.
FO
TS

18. What is job design?

The job design is usually broad enough to accommodate people’s need and desires.
EN

19. What is job rotation?

D

Job rotation refers in the movement of an employee from the job to another .
U
ST

20. Define – Recruitment.

B.Flippo defined recruitment as “the process of searching for prospective employees and simulating to apply
for jobs in the organization.

21. What is selection?

Selection is the process of finding out the most suitable candidate to the job out of the candidates attracted.

22. Write down the tests used in selection process.

1. Aptitude test 2. Intelligence test 
3. Psychomotor test 4. Personality test 

4. What is orientation?
Orientation refers to the activities involved in introducing the new employees to the organization and its
policies, procedures, rules, and regulations.

5. What is performance appraisal?

Performance appraisal evaluates the performance of worker also his potential for development.

6. What are roles of manager?

 Inter-personal role 
 Information role 
 Decisional role 
 UNIT - III : ORGANISING
PART – B (16Marks)RTHIPLM

1) Explain the nature and purpose of organization. (8)

Definition of Organization
Koontz and O'Donnell define organizing as "the grOllIJ1ng of activities
necessary to attain objectives, the assignment of each grouping to a manner with authority
necessary to supervise it, and the provision for co-ordination horizontally in the enterprise
structure".
Nature of organization:
Common objectives
Specialization or division of labour
Authority of structure
Group of persons
Co-ordination
CommunicationW.VIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
Environment
Rules and regulations,

M
Purpose of organization:

O
Facilitate administration

C
Increases the efficiency of management
Facilitates growth and diversification S.
U
Ensures optimum use of man and material resources.
C

Facilitates co-ordination and communication

FO

Permits optimum use of technological innovations

Simulates creativity and initiative
TS

Facilitates development of managerial ability.

EN

************************************************************************
*
D

2. Explain the qualitative forecasting. (8)

U

Forecasting
ST

Process of predicting future conditions that will influence and guide the
activities, behavior and performance of the Organization.

Def- "Fore casting is the formal process of predicting future events that will
significantly affect the functioning of the enterprises.
Forecasting Techniques

Qualitative (use of Statistical tools) and Quantitative (employ human

judgments to predict future).
Qualitative forecasting methods:
1. Jury of executive opinion,
2. Del phi method,
3. Consumer market survey,
4. Sales force opinion composite,.VIDYARTHIPLS.COM
5. Scenario building,
6. Judgment decomposition.
 ************************************************************************
*

3. Explain the importance of performance appraisal on Human Resource Management. (8)

Before on appraisal system the objectives should be communicated to all employees.
The objectives may be promotion, pay increase, training and development.
The raters should be carefully selected and trained. They must be familiar with the job
and the person to be rated.
Cordial relationship is essential between superiors and subordinates. The rating should
be discussed with the person concerned. This will help him to know his strengths and
weaknesses and what steps he should take to improve performance.
Employees often feel feedback becomes threatening. The manager should realize that
performance appraisal is not just a fault-finding system but it is meant for improving
performance.

M
Follow up is important for effective appraisal.

O
************************************************************************

C
*
S.
4. Discuss the merits and demerits of a line and staff organization. (8)
U
C

Line Authority Staff Authority

FO

Right to decide and command Right to provide advice

TS

Contributes directly to the accomplishment of Assist line in the effective Accomplishment

Organizational objectives of Organization objectives
EN

Relatively unlimited and general Relatively restricted to a particular function

D

Flow downward from a superior to subordinate May flow in any direction depending upon
U

Creates superior and subordinate relation Exercise the need of Extension of line and support line
ST

control Investigates and reports

Makes operating decision Provides idea for decision
Bears final responsibility results Does not bear final responsibility
Doing function Thinking function
Provides channel communication No channel of communication is created

*************************************************************************
5. List the functions of staffing in HRM. (8)
Discuss in detail the steps involved in a selection of human resources. (8)
Functions of staffing:
“Staffing is a function of all managers or it is to be performed by specialized
department known as personnel department.
“Personnel department which is being changed to human resources department.
“Staffing can be equated with HR management as both have the same objectives.

The steps involved in a selection of human resources:

1. Recruitment:
 Recruitment is defined as" a process to discover the source of man power to meet
the requirements of the staffing schedule and to employ effective measures for attracting that
manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of an efficient work force".
Source of Recruitment:
The sources of recruitment may be classified in to
(1) Internal sourcesDYARTHIPLUS.COM
(2) External sources.
Internal sources:
Present permanent employees.
Present temporary/casual employees.
Retired employees.
Depends of deceased, disabled, retired and present employees.

Merits of internal sources:

Internal recruitment can be used as a technique of motivation.
Trade unions can be satisfied.
Employees become loyal to the enterprise.
External sources:
It includes Educational and Training Institutes.

M
Private Employment Agencies

O
Public Employment Exchange

C
Casual applications.
Merits of External sources: S.
U
The suitable candidates with knowledge, talent, skill etc. are generally available.
C

Latest knowledge, skills and creative talent can be brought into the organization on.
FO

2. Selection:
The selection procedure is the system of functions and devices adopted in a given
TS

company to ascertain whether the candidate's specifications are matched with the job
EN

specifications and requirements.

Selection process:
D

Screening of applications,
U

Selection tests,
ST

Preliminary interview,
Reference check,
Medical Examination,
Final interview,
Approved by appropriate authority,
Placement.
Interview:
Interview is the most widely used technique of employee selection.
Employment interviews can be divided into three categories.
Types of interview:
Preliminary interview,
Core interview,
Decision making interview.
Preliminary interview:
Informal interview,
Unstructured interview
 Core interview:
Background informal interview,
Formal and structured interview
Stress interview,
Group interview,IDYARTHIPLUS.COM
Panel interview,
Depth interview.
Decision making interview:
In this interview interviewer examines the interest of the candidate in the job, carrier
planning, promotional opportunities, work adjustment etc. the personnel manager
interviews the candidates acceptance regarding salary, allowances, benefits, promotions
etc.
Tests:
1. Aptitude test,
2. Intelligence test,
3. Psychomotor test
4. Personality test.
************************************************************************
*

M
O
6. Bring out the factors affecting centralization! Decentralization.Also highlight the merits

C
and demerits of centralization and decentralization with examples. (16)
S.
Centralization and decentralization refer to the location of decision - making
U
authority in an organization.
C

Centralization means that the authority for most decisions is concentrated at the top
FO

managerial hierarchy whereas 'decentralization' requires such authority to be dispersed by

extension and delegation through all levels of management.
TS

Advantages of Decentralization:
EN

It reduces burden of the management so that it can focus more attention and
strategic management.
D

It encourages decision making and assumption of authority and responsibility.

U

It facilitates growth and diversification in the organization.

ST

It enables the department staff members to complete work early.

It facilitates setting up of profit centers.
Disadvantages of Decentralization:
It is difficult to have a uniform policy and procedure.
There is an increase in complexity of coordination of decentralized
organizational units.
If it is not followed properly, decentralization will create chaos in the
organization in the absence of proper control.
There is a possibility of duplication of workWW.VIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
It may be limited to external factors like trade labour unions, government control,
tax policies, market uncertainties etc.

Making decentralization effective:

Central top policy,
Appreciation of concept of decentralization,
Development of managers,
Competition among units,
Open communication,
Effective co-operation.
***********************************************************************
**

M
O
C
S.
U
C
FO
TS
EN
D
U
ST
 SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MG6851 - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
UNIT - IV : DIRECTING
PART – A (2 Marks)
1. Define – Multiplicity of roles
Individuals not only the productive factor in management’s plans. They are members of social system of
many organizations.

2. Mention the importance of motivation.

 Proper utilization of human resources possible since it inspires employees to make best possible use of
different factors of production. 
 Proper motivation improves the efficiency of operation. 
 Motivation creates a willingness on the part of workers to do the work in a better way. 

3. Name the steps involved in motivation process.
 Analysis of situation 
 Preparing, selecting and applying a set of appropriate motivating tools. 
 Follow up 

4. What are the types of motivation?

M
 Positive motivation 
 Negative motivation 
O
C
 Extrinsic motivation 
S.
 Intrinsic motivation 
U


C
FO

5. List out the basic needs in a hierarchy.

 Physiological needs 
TS

 Safety needs 
 Social needs 
EN

 Esteem needs 
D

 Self-actualization needs 
U


ST

6. What is job enrichment?

Job enrichment is therefore based on the assumption that in order to motivate personnel, the job itself must
provide opportunities for achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement and growth.

7. Who is leader?
Leader is one who makes his subordinates to do willingly what he wants.
8. Define – Leadership
Leadership is the process of influencing the behavior of others towards the accomplishment of goals in a
given situation.

9. What is communication?
Communication is passing of information from one person to another person.

10. State the need for communication.

 To establish and spread goals of an enterprise widely 
 To develop plans for further achievement 
 To organize human and other resources in the most effective and efficient way 
 To select, develop and apprise members of the organization. 







11. List the different types of communication flow.
 Downward communication 
 Upward communication 
 Horizontal or lateral communication 

12. Note down the various communicating networks.

 Simple chain 
 Wheel 
 Circular 
 Free flow 
 Inverted V 

13. State the advantages of democratic leadership.
 The subordinates are motivated by participation in decision-making process. This will increase job
satisfaction. 
 Absence of leader does not affect output 
 Labour absenteeism and turn-over will be minimum. 
 The quality of decision is improved 

14. What are the barriers involved in effective communication?
 Physical barriers 

M
 Socio-psychological or personal barriers 

O
 Organizational barriers 
 Semantic barriers 
C
S.
 Mechanical barriers 
U


C

15. List out the effective media in communication.

FO

 A large bank supplies hardware and software to its customers. 

 Several banks now make bank-by-phone services available even to individuals 
TS

 E-mail service making easy delivery of documents 

EN


16. What are the important assumptions made in X theory?
D

 The average human dislikes to work. He will avoid work if it is possible. 

U

 Therefore people must be controlled, directed and threatened with punishment to make them work. 
ST


17. Mention the various factors involved in using motivational techniques.
 Money 
 Participation 
 Quality of working life 

18. Mention the important of leadership.

 Motivating employees 
 Leader develops team work 
 Building morale 
 Maintaining discipline 

19. Name the various leadership styles.
 Autocratic or dictatorial leadership 
 Participative or democratic leadership 
 Laissez-faire or free rein leadership 

20. What is Laissez-faire?
Complete freedom is given to the subordinates so that they plan, motivate, control, and otherwise be
responsible for their own actions.
 UNIT - IV : DIRECTING
PART – B (16 Marks)

1. Discuss the Scope of Directing. (8)

Directing may be defined as the process of instructing, guiding and inspiring human
factors in the organization to achieve organization objectives. It is not only issuing orders and
instruction by a superior to his subordinates but also including the process of guiding and
inspiring them to work effectively. Directing includes the following elements:
a) Leadership
b) Motivation
c) Communication
The characteristics of the directing are summarized as follows:
1. Directing is an important managerial function through which the
management initiates actions in the organization.
2. It is performed at all level of management. Every manager in the
organization performs his duties both as superior and a subordinate.
3. It is a continuous process and it continues throughout the life of the
organization on.
4. It has dual objectives. It aims at getting work done by the subordinates

M
and the other hand, to provide superiors opportunities for the same more important

O
work which their subordinates cannot do.

C
It basically initiates at the top level of the organization and follows to bottom through the
S.
hierarchy. It emphasizes that a subordinate is to be directed by his own superior only.
U
Scope of Directing
C

Directing conveys management perspective of the organization to the

FO

individuals and motives them to function in the desired way to meet the
organizational objective.WW.VIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
TS

Directing integrates the employee's individual efforts to make it effective to achieve

EN

organization objectives.
Without having proper motivation, leadership and communication,
D

individual's capability and potential may not be fully utilized.

U

Any changes in the society, where the organization exists, will affect the
ST

organization structure and the individuals within it.

************************************************************************
2. Explain different styles of leadership based on authority. (16)
Definition of leadership
Leadership is defined as influence, the art or process of influencing people
so that they will strive willingly and enthusiastically toward the achievement of group goals.
Nature of Leadership
It is a relationship between two or more people in which influenced in power.
A leader must have followers.
Leadership exists both in formal and informal organizations
It is a continuous process of influencing behavior.
It is complex and multi-dimensional in character.
Importance of Leadership
Motivating employees
Leader develops team work.
Better utilization of manpower..VIDYARTHILUS.COM
 Creating confidence to followers.
Directing group activities.
Building morale.
Maintaining Discipline.
Types of leadership style
Autocratic or Dictatorial leadership
Participative or Democratic leadership
Laissez-faire or Free rein leadership
Autocratic or Dictatorial
Decision should be taken by himself without consulting subordinates.
Full authority is held himself alone.
He loves power and never delegates authority.
Subordinates have to follow his directions without any questions.
He uses threats and punishments to get work from the subordinates

Types of Autocratic Leaders

Strict Autocrat
The leader follows autocratic styles in a very strict sense. He follows
negative motivation for getting work from subordinates.

M
Enevolent Autocrat

O
This leader is also taking decisions himself but his motivation styles is

C
positive.
Incompetent autocrat: S.
U
The subordinates lack their knowledge of company goals.
C

The subordinates are inexperienced or lack in training.

FO

The leader prefers to be active and dominant in decision-making.

Advantages:
TS

It facilitates quick decision-making.

EN

It provides strong motivation and satisfaction to the leader who decades terms.
Highest productivity.
D

Less competent subordinates are needed at lower levels.

U

It can yield positive outcome under conditions of stress.

ST

Limitations
Employee morale will be low.
1. Absence of leader will affect the output heavily.
2. Dissatisfaction will develop among employees.
3. Employee turnover will be more.
4. Full potential of subordinates and their creative ideas are not utilized.
5. One way' communication without feedback leads to misunderstanding and
communications breakdown.
Participative or Democratic leadership
The subordinates are consulted and their feedback is taken into decision making process.
Decisions are taken after group discussions. There, the authority is decentralized.
The participative leader attaches high importance to both work and people He provides
freedom of thinking and expressionHIPLUS.COM
Participative leadership is best suited where:
The leadership truly desires to hear the ideas of his employees before making
decisions.
 The organization has communicated its goals and objectives to the
subordinates and the subordinates have accepted them.
The workers are reasonably knowledge and experienced.
The time for task completion allows for the participation.
The subordinates desire active and true involvement in matters that
affect them.
Advantages:
The subordinates are motivated by participation in decision making process. This will
also increase job satisfaction.
Absence of leader does not affect output.
Labor absenteeism and turn-over will be minimum.
The quality of decision is improved.
The leader multiplies his abilities through the contribution of his followers.
Limitations:
It is time consuming and may result in delays in decision-making.
If subordinates are lazy and avoid work, then controlling them is difficult.
It cannot be successfully applied at lower level of management and in production
activity.
Some leaders may be uncomfortable with this approach because they feel that there

M
is a reduction of power and control over labor.

O
The leader requires considerable communicating and persuasive skill.

C
Laissez-faire or free rein leadership:VIARIPLUS.C
S.
In this type complete freedom is given to the subordinates so that they plan,
U
motivate, control and otherwise be responsible for their own actions.
C

Leader does not take part in decision making process.

FO

The authority is completely decentralized.

This type of leadership is highly effective when:
TS

The leader is interested in delegating decision-making fully.

EN

The subordinates are highly intelligent and are fully aware of their roles
and responsibilities and have the knowledge and skills to accomplish these tasks
D

without supervisor.
U

Advantages:
ST

Positive effect on job satisfaction and morale of subordinates.

It creates on environment of freedom, individuality as well as the team sprit.
Full utilization of the potential of subordinates
Limitations
Lack of discipline.
Lowest productivity.
No control and co-ordination. Hence, tense situation will be prevailed.
Some members may put their own interests above the group and team interests.
*****************************************************************
3. What are the barriers to effective communication? And suggest measures how
communication be made effective? (8)

The message sent by the sender to the receiver which may not be effectively understood by
the receiver in the same sense. It is due to several reasons. Some problems may arise in its
encoding and decoding or communication channel. So, the barriers to effective
communications in an organization may be broadly classified into following groups.
 a) Physical Barriers.
b) Personal Barriers
c) Organizational Barriers
d) Semantic Barriers
e) Mechanical Barriers
Rules for effective communication
The information should be simple and clear.
The information should be in known language to the receiver.
The sender should use correct communicating cham1el. For recording Purpose, it
should be in written and oral method for fast communication.
In written communication, principle of line authority should be followed.
The information should contain adequate information.
Communication should be checked through feedback.
Communication should be sent and reached timely.
Informal communication should be sent judiciously.
*****************************************************************
4. Explain any three theories of Motivation. (16)
Definition of motivation
According to Koontz and 0' Donnell, "Motivation is a general term applying to the entire

M
class of drives, desires, needs wishes and similar forces that induce an individual or a group

O
of people to work".

C
Scott defines," Motivation means a process of stimulating people in action to
accomplish desired goals". S.
U
Motivational theories
C

The following are some of the motivational theories. There are,HIPLUS.COM

FO

Theory X
Theory Y, and
TS

Hierarchy of needs- Maslow's Theory

EN

Theory X
Prof. Douglas McGregor has developed a set of theories on the basis of hypotheses
D

relating to human behavior. These theories are commonly known as "Theory X "and
U

"Theory Y". According to McGregor, the function of motivating people involves certain
ST

assumptions about human nature. A brief explanation of 'X' theory and 'Y' theory is given
below:
Theory -X
According to McGregor, theory X is based on the following assumptions of human
nature and behavior:
The average human dislikes to work. He will avoid work if it is possible.
Therefore, people must be controlled, directed and threatened with punishment to
make them work.
The average human being prefers to be directed. He avoids responsibility. He has
no ambition in life. He wants only job security.
An average man is inherently self-centered and indifferent organizational goals.
He is resistance to change by nature
The above assumptions are negative in nature. So, a manager must take effective
steps to direct and control the activities of subordinates. Theory 'X' is pessimistic, static
and rigid. It leads to authoritative type of management.
(II) Theory 'Y':
According to theory-Y, the following assumptions are made about the human nature and
behavior.
Work is as natural as play or rest. The average human being has the tendency to
work.
External control and threat of punishment are not only the means of reaching the
objectives of the organization.
People will be committed to the objectives if they are properly rewarded.
Under proper conditions, the average human being accepts
responsibility.
Large numbers of people are capable of solving organizational problems in
an organization with high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity.
Under modern industrial life, the intelligence capacity of average human being is
only partially utilized.
A worker may exhibit his efficiency even for non-monetary rewards such as
participation in decision-making, increased responsibility etc.
Theory Y represents a modem and dynamic nature of human beings.
It is based on positive motivation. So, management need not apply much direction and
control on the employees. If the employee's needs are satisfied, they will be committed

M
to the objectives of the organization. Theory Y is optimistic, dynamic and flexible.

O
Comparison between Theory X and Theory Y:

C
S.NO Theory X Theory Y
1 The average human dislikes work
S. Work is as natural as play or rest
U
People are un ambitious and Ambitious and capable of directing
C

2
prefer to be directed by other. their own
FO

They accept responsibility under

3 They avoid responsibility
TS

proper conditions
External control, threatening and
EN

4 Self directed and self controlled.

close supervision required.
Decentralization and participation in
D

The authority is centralized and it

5 decision-making.
U

leads to autocratic leadership

ST

Democratic leadership is followed.

6 People lack self-motivation People are self-motivated.
7 They have less creativity & resist changing They have high degree of imagination
It is optimistic, dynamic and
8 It is pessimistic, static and rigid
flexible

(III) Hierarchy of needs - Maslow's theory

Maslow's hierarchy of need theory is one of the most popular theories of
motivation in the management. This theory was developed by an eminent Psychologist Dr.
Abraham H. Maslow. Dr. Maslow was the pioneer in the proper classification of human
needs. Some of the salient features of this theory are as follows:
Human liking are innumerable and never ending if one liking is satisfied, another
liking emerges in that place.
Adult motives are complex. No single motive determine behavior, rather, a number
of motives operate at the same time.
 Human needs form a hierarchy. Lower level needs must at least partly be satisfied
before higher level needs emerge. In other words, a higher order needs is essentially
satisfied.
Satisfied wants do not motivate the workers. Only unsatisfied wants induce the
man to work hard.
Maslow proposed that basic needs are structured in a hierarchy.
Physiological needs.
Safety needs.
Social needs.
Esteem needs.
Self- actualization needs.
Physiological needs:
Physiological needs are the biological needs required to preserve human life. These
needs include needs for food, clothing and shelter. These needs must be met at least
partly before higher level needs emerge. These needs are the most powerful motivating
force than others.
Safety needs:
Once physiological needs are satisfied, the safety or security needs become
predominant. These include

M
a. protection from physiological dangers (fire, accident);

O
b. Economic security (fringe benefits, health, insurance);

C
c. Desire for an orderly, predictable environment and
S.
d. The desire to know the limits of acceptable behavior. These safety needs are really
U
provisions against deprivation in the future. It also involves a sense of protection
C

against danger and threats

FO

Social needs:
After the needs of the body and security are satisfied, then a sense of belonging and
TS

acceptance becomes predominant in motivating behavior. These needs are for love,
EN

friendship, exchange of feelings and grievances, recognition, conversation, belongingness,

companionship etc. Social needsIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
D

tend to be stronger for some people than for others and stronger in certain situations.
U

Esteem needs:
ST

There are two types of esteem needs: Self-esteem and esteem of others. Self-esteem
needs include those for self-confidence, achievement, competence, self-respect, knowledge
and for independence and freedom. The second group of esteem needs is those that related
to one's reputation needs for status, recognition, for appreciation and the deserved respect of
one's fellows.
Self- actualization needs:
These needs are also called as self- realization needs. Self- actualization refers to the
desire to become everything that one is capable of becoming.
*****************************************************************
5. Define Communication, types of communication. Explain the barriers for effective
communication. (16)
Definition of Communication
Communication is the process of passing of information from one person to another
person. It should always be clear and understood by the person who receives communication
Communication function in organization
Communication is the number one tool in organizations.
 It is the most powerful tool and significant characteristic of man-kind.
Success of an any management depends more on their ability to communicate with
labor.
It is the process of interchanging facts, viewpoints &ideas b/w persons placed in
different positions by effective communication.
Effective team only will lead the to work satisfactorily in the organization.
WW.IHIPLUS.C
MImportance of communication
Most of the problems for human occur due to lack or insufficient
communication.
It is the process of initiating, transmitting and receiving information.
Psychologists and sociologists have concentrated on the study of
communication networks in solving problems.
Need for communication
To establish and spread goals of an enterprise widely.
To develop plan for further achievement.
To organize human and other resources in the most effective and efficient way.
To select, develop and apprise members of the organization.
To lead, direct, motivate and create a good working environment.

M
Process of communication

O
Five important elements in the process of communication are:

C
Sender
Communication channels S.
U
Symbols
C

Receiver
FO

Noise and feedback in communication.

Types of communication
TS

Generally, communication can be broadly classified into

EN

(i) Formal communication

(ii) Informal communication.
D

Formal communication:
U

IDYARTHILUS.COM
ST

Formal communication flows through prefer channel. It refers the way in

which the information is sent and it has a recognized position in organizational
structure. It regulates the flow of communication and ensures smooth, accurate and
timely passing of information. It facilitates effective functioning of an organization.
This type of communication can be done in two methods.
(i) Written communication
(ii) Oral communication.
(i) Written communication
The passing of information in writing is done from one person to another. I.e.
circulars, leaflets, posters etc.
Advantages:
a) It provides a permanent record for further reference.
b)It is very suitable for lengthy messages.
c)) It is tangible and verifiable.
Disadvantages:
a) The process is slow.
 b) Feedback is not known immediately.
c) Doubts cannot be clarified immediately.
d) It requires skill and education for understanding.
(ii) Oral communication:
In this method, the information is passed on orally from one person to another. It can
be done by face to face, in meetings or by telephone etc.W.VIDARTHIPLS.COM
Advantages:
a) Doubts are clarified immediately.
b) Feedback is known
c) It provides team spirit.
Disadvantages:
a) There is no permanent record of the communication.
b) It is likely to be misunderstood and noisy.
c) It is not suitable for lengthy messages.
2. Informal communication:
People who know each other in the organization talk together informally.
Whenever they meet each other they normally talk about the happenings in the organization
known as 'Grapevine'. The two types of information is carried out as follows.
1. Work related

M
2. People related.

O
Characteristics of informal communication:

C
i) It is mostly oral.
ii) It reaches people faster. S.
U
iii) Mostly it is found to be accurate.
C

Advantages:
FO

i. It is more flexible and must faster when compared to formal

communication.W.VIYARTHIPLUS.COM
TS

ii. It is much freer to lead less distortion.

EN

iii. It carries ready conviction and acceptance

The barriers for effective communication:
D

Physical Barriers.
U

Personal Barriers
ST

Organizational Barriers
Semantic Barriers
Mechanical Barriers
Rules for effective communication
The information should be simple and clear.
The information should be in known language to the receiver.
The sender should use correct communicating channel. For recording purpose, it
should be in written and oral method for fast communication.
In written communication, principle of line authority should be followed.
The information should contain adequate information.
Communication should be checked through feedback.
Communication should be sent and reached timely.
Informal communication should be sent judiciously.
*****************************************************************
 SRI VIDYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
MG6851 - PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

UNIT - V : CONTROLLING
PART – A (2 Marks)
1. Define – Control
According to Koontz “Controlling to the measurement and correction of performance in order to make sure that
enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished”.

2. What are the characteristics of control?

1. Control process is universal 
2. Control is continuous process 
3. Control is action based 
4. Control is forward looking 

3. What are the disadvantages of control?
1. Control is expensive and time-consuming process. 
2. Human behavior and employee morale also cannot be measured. 

4. Give some critical point standards of control?
1. Cost standards 2. Revenue standards 
3. Goals standards 4. Program standards 

M
5. What are the types of control?
O
C
 Feedback control
S.
 Concurrent control
U

 Feed forward control

C
FO

6. What is feedback control?

TS

Feedback control is the process of adjusting future action on basis of information about past performance.
EN

7. What are the requirements for effective control?

D

 The control should be economical 

U

 It must be simple 
ST

 It should be flexible 
 It should be clear objectives 

8. What are the modern techniques of control?
 Management audit 
 Return on investment 
 PERT and CPM 

9. Define – Budgetary control?

According to J.Batty “a system which uses budgets as a means of planning and controlling all aspects of
producing and or selling commodities and services”.

10. Define - Budget

According to J. Fred Meston “a budget is the expression of a firms plan is financial form for a period of time in
to the future”.

11. What are the limitations of Budgeting?

 Inaccuracy
 Expenditure
 Distortion of goals
12. What is Zero Base Budgets?
Initially the budget is designed from a Zero base the main element is ZBB is future objective orientation.
13. What are the steps involves in ZBB?
 Decision package 
 Ranking 
 Allocation of resources 

14. What is Internal Audit?
Internal audit is done by an internal auditor who is an employee of the organization. He examines the objectives,
policies, plans, procedures and performance of the management.

15. Define – MIS

A system of obtaining abstracting, storing and analyzing data to productions information for use in planning,
controlling and decision making by managers at the time they can most effectively use it.
16. What are MIS Resources?
 To provide the information up to date 
 To take effective decision making 
 To provide the right information available in the right form at the right time 

17. Define – Productivity
Productivity is a measure of how much input is required to produce a given output the ratio is called
productivity.

18. What are the factors affecting productivity?

1. Technology 2. Human resources 3.Government policy 

M
4. Machinery and equipment 5. Skill of the worker 

O
 C
19. What is OR?
S.
OR is an applied decision theory, which uses scientific, mathematical and logical means to take decisions.
U
C

20. Define – Multinational Corporations

FO

An enterprise which own or control production or service facilities outside the country in which they are based.
TS

21. Write some advantages of MNC.

EN

 MNC can promote quality product at lower cost. 

 MNC leads to increase in production aggregate employment, exports and imports of the required inputs. 
D

 MNC is paying taxes their operations increase government revenues. 

U


ST

22. What are global theories of management?

 Situational and contingency approach 
 Motivation and leadership theory 
 Organizational behavior 

23. Write some characteristics of Japanese management.
 Japanese management prefer to human resources than it financial resources. 
 Japanese management favors job security. 
 Japanese are more favor to cooperation and teamwork. 
 Japanese management encourages the lower level employees’ participation. 

24. Write some limitations of Japanese management.
 Decision making process is time-consuming process. 
 Promotion policy is not encouraging outstanding younger employee. 

25. Write some characteristics of German management.
 German management is autocratic. 
 Managerial decisions are taken by the executive committee consultation with labour direction. 
Labour suggestions also accepted.
 UNIT - V : CONTROLLING
PART – B (16 Marks)

1. Explain the steps in the process of controlling. (16)

Definition of controlling
Controlling is the measurement and correction of performance in order to make
sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished.
Characteristics of control:
Control process is universal
Control is a continuous process
Control is action based
Control is forward looking
Control is closely related to planning.
Need for control
To minimize dishonest behavior of employees
To discover deviations in the management
Control can minimize the mistakes
To indicate corrective action.
The process of controlling

M
Establishing standards

O
Measuring performance

C
Comparing actual with standards
Finding out deviations S.
U
Correction of deviations.
C

***********************************************************************
FO

2. What are the requirements for effective controlling? (8)

The requirements for effective control:
TS

Every manager should have an effective & an efficient control systemVIDYARTHIPLUS.COM

EN

Suitability
Flexibility
D

Economical
U

Simple
ST

Motivation
Forward looking
Objective
Controls should reflect the organization structure and needs
Control should lead to corrective action
Less time.
***********************************************************************
3. What is the role of IT in controlling?
Nowadays management needs more advance technology for solving its basic
requirements. MIS is used for decision making in the various functional areas of business.
MIS is a new technique which has brought accuracy and speed to the management.
Definition of MIS:
MIS can be defined as "A system of obtaining, abstracting, storing and analyzing data to
produce effective information for use in planning, controlling and decision making
process".
 Characteristics of Good Management Information System:
Information must be clear and conciseness.
The information should be relevant the business organization.
Unnecessary Information’s should be avoided.
MIS must be simple and easy to understand.
It must help in the process of decision-making and corrective actions.
MIS should help in solving the complicated problems effectively.
W.VIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
Role of MIS: MIS can be used for the decision making process of an organization in the
following areas.
S.No Major subsystem Application
1 Marketing Sales planning, Sales analysis, Sales forecasting.
2 Manufacturing Production, planning, cost, Control analysis
3 Logistics Planning and control
4 Finance and accounting Cost analysis, planning, Income measurement.
5 Top management Strategic planning, policy, resource allocation.
***********************************************************************
4. Compare and contrast between feed forward and feedback systems in controlling. (8)
Feedback or historical control

M
Feedback control is known as post action control. It examines what has happened in

O
the past. On the basis of this feedback corrective action is taken. Feedback control is the

C
process of adjusting future action on the basis of information about past performance. Ex.
S.
Disciplinary action, budgetary results and quality inspections are some feedback control.
U
Feed forward control
C

This control involves evaluation of inputs and taking corrective action before a
FO

particular operation is completed. It is preventive in nature. This control allows corrective

TS

action to be taken in advance of the problem.

.VIDYARTHIPLUS.C
EN

S.No Feed back Feed forward

D

1 It measures only output of the process It measures input of the process.

U

2 I t is submissive approach It is aggressive approach.

ST

3 It is aggressive approach. It is aggressive approach.

It involves a time lag in the process of It removes the limitation of time lag in
4
correction taking corrective action.
5 Less benefit to the organization It is most benefit for the organization.
***********************************************************************
5.What are the roles of computers in IT (8)
The role of computers in handling information.
Sales forecast and control
Payroll
Business management
Accounting
Personnel management information
Cost accounting
Manufacturing information control
Banking and credit.
***********************************************************************
6. Explain the effect of Globalization and Liberalization in the global business environment
with examples. (16)

The government attitude towards the business has undergone a drastic change
beginning from the later years of eighties. This change can be seen from the various
policies announced by the government particularly.
.VIDYARTHIPLUS.COM
1. Industrial policy statement
2. Long term fiscal policy
3. Exam policy.
4. All these policies measured clearly ret1ect the changing attitude of Government
towards business and the commitment of Government to Integrate Indian Economy with
the world's economy is called Globalization.
Liberalization
It eliminates licensing quantitative restrictions and other regulatory and
discretionary controls. The liberalization has enormously expanded the scope of the
private sector. Now only a small number and industries are reserved. The liberalization
of the policies towards foreign capital and technology and import liberalization have
given further growth and competition.

M
The liberalization has given an enormous boost to private investment in the industrial

O
sector. In 1990-91 the year prior to liberalization the total capital mobilized by the private

C
co-operate factor by equity issues was Rs.1, 261 crores. In 1994-95 i.e. four yrs since the
S.
liberalization the equity capital mobilized increased to about Rs. 25 27,621 crores.
U
After 1970 the industrial policy of the government turned towards liberalization of
C

industrial licensing with a view to accelerate the growth rate of the industrial sector and to
FO

achieve export promotion on a large scale.

In October 1975 the government delicenced 21 industries and permitted unlimited
TS

expansion. Later it also announced that 25% 8f excess unauthorized capacity was
EN

declared legal on the basis of normal activity and another 25% would be covered in 5
yrs by automatic licensing.ARTHIPLUS.COM
D

When Rajiv Gandhi became the prime minister the wave of liberalization gathered
U

further momentum. On way January 30, 1980 the government decided to delicense 23
ST

MRTP and FERA companies provided they are located in backward areas. Permissions
were given liberally for expansion and modernization.

***********************************************************************
7. What are the effective steps for direct control and preventive control? (16)
Direct control
In this organization some employee's performance is poor. To find out the
employees and then correct their performance and achieve the organization goals. This is
called direct control.
Factors influencing the direct control:
The following factors influence the direct control.
Uncertainty
Lack of knowledge experience
Lack of communication
Lack of coordination.
 Effective steps for direct control
Success of direct control in an organization depends upon the following factors.
Performance can be measured
Effectively utilizes time
Errors can be discovered in time
ParticipationW.VIDYARTIPLUS.COM
Coordination.
Preventive control
An efficient manager applies the skills in managerial philosophy to eliminate
undesirable activities which are the reasons for poor management. This is called
preventive control.
Effective steps for preventive control,
Qualified managers
Management principles to measure performance
Evaluation
Advantages:
It is better than direct control.
This control is fast and quick.
It gives greater accuracy.

M
Prevention is better than cure.

O
This reduces wastage of cost

C
***********************************************************************
S.
U
C
FO
TS
EN
D
U
ST
 QUESTION BANK

BCA 604: PRINCIPLE AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT

UNIT 1: NATURE OF MANAGEMENT

1. Define the term “management”

2. Explain the basic functions of management.
3. Write a short note on human relation school of management.
4. Define contingency theory of management
5. What are the principles of scientific management given by Taylor?
6. Explain the role of management.
7. Explain the 14 principles of management enunciated by Henry Fayol.
8. Distinguish between fayol’s principle of unity of command and unity of direction
9. “Management is a distinct process consisting of activities of planning, organizing, staffing, directing,
controlling in order to attain the objectives of the organisation” comment on the statement.

UNIT 2: PLANNING

1. Define the term planning

2. Explain in detail the steps involved in process of planning.
3. Define nature and purpose of planning.
4. Explain different type of planning.
5. What do you understand by Management by Objectives?
6. What are the benefits of Management by Objectives?
7. Discuss the limitation of Management by Objectives.
8. Define decision making.
9. Explain the essential steps involved in decision making process.
10. Explain various types of decisions.
UNIT 3: ORGANIZING

1. Explain briefly the meaning of organizing.

2. Explain nature and purpose of organizing.
3. What is departmentation?
4. Briefly explain basis of departmentation.
5. Explain the concept of span of management.
6. What do you understand by delegation of authority?
7. What are the elements of delegation?
8. “Delegation of authority is the key to organization” discuss the above statement.
9. What do you mean by decentralization?
10. Discuss the concept of line and staff relationship.
11. Explain the basis of delegation.

UNIT 4: DIRECTING PROCESS

1. What is directing as a managerial function?

2. Explain the principles of directing.
3. Discuss the causes of human relation problems in an organization.
4. What should a manager do to establish healthy human relations in an organization?
5. Explain the importance of directing in an organization.

UNIT 5: CONTROL

1. State the meaning of controlling.

2. Explain the various steps involved in controlling process.
3. Explain the techniques of managerial control.
4. Write short note on
a) Management audit
b) Budgetary control
c) Management information system
d) Responsibility accounting
5. Discuss the traditional techniques of controlling.
6. “Planning provides basis for control” discuss.

*************
ERROR: syntaxerror
OFFENDING COMMAND: --nostringval--

STACK:

/Title
()
/Subject
(D:20140328123011+05’30’)
/ModDate
()
/Keywords
(PDFCreator Version 0.9.5)
/Creator
(D:20140328123011+05’30’)
/CreationDate
(pioneer)
/Author
-mark-
 Principles of Management –MG6851-Question Bank
Unit -1

Part A (20X2 marks)

1. Define Management
Management is the art and science of getting the objective of the organization
accomplished through and with people.
2. Mention the role of Managers(any two).
Interpersonal and informational roles
3. What is MNC? Give examples.
MNC is Multinational Corporation. Example Hyundai Motors and Ford Motors
4. What are the various functions of Management?
Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling.
5. What is Scientific Management?
Replacing rules of thumb with science(organized knowledge), obtaining harmony in
group action, achieving cooperation of all human beings, working for maximum output
rather than restricted output.
6. Define Administration.
Administration is that part of management which is connected with the installation and
carrying out of the procedures by which the programme is laid down and communicated
and the progress of activities is resulted and checked against the plans.
7. What is sole trading?
Business unit which is owned and controlled by a single individual is known as sole
trading..
8. Write any two demerits of sole trading.
1) Limited resources
2) Short life.
9. What is partnership?
A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on business and to
share its profits and losses.
10. What is scientific Management?
The systematic study of relationships between people and tasks for the purpose of
redesigning the work process to increase efficiency.
11. Is Managing , a science or an art?
It is the organized knowledge that constitutes a science and managing as a practice is an
art. Science and art are complementary and not exclusive.
 12. What is time study?
It is a study of movements which takes a minimum time.
13. What is motion study?
Taylor suggested the elimination of wasteful movements and performing only necessary
movements . It is called motion study.
14. Define Joint Stock Company.
A JSC is a type of corporation or partnership involving two or more individuals that own
shares of stock in the company..
15. What is authority?
Authority is the power given to a person to get work from his subordinates.
16. What is responsibility?
Responsibility is the amount of work expected from a man by his superior.
17. What is unity of command?
No man can have two bosses. An employee must receive orders and instructions from
only one supervisor..
18. How does effectiveness differ from efficiency?
Effectiveness is achieving the objective with minimum amount of resources.
19. What is Scalar Chain?
Instructions and orders should be sent from the top management to the bottom
management.
20. What is meant by Esprit de corps?
Union is strength. In organization, employees should be in harmony and unity .It
improves the employee morale.

Part B (6X16 marks)

1. Explain Henri Fayol’s 14 principles of management.

2. Describe about the evolution of management thought.
3. Explain about the major tendencies favouring the development of a unified global
theory of management.
4. i) Describe the relative importance of each type of skills to lower , middle and upper
level managers. ( 8 marks)
ii) Explain the system based approach towards the management. (8 marks)
5. Explain the various functions of management.
6. Compare the various managerial attitudes involved in MNC’s.
Unit -2

Part A (20X2 marks)

1. Define planning.
Planning is the process of selecting the objectives and determining the course of
action required to achieve these objectives.
2. What are the objectives of planning?
Planning is a primary function of an organization .
It helps in achieving objectives. Planning guides in decision making.
3. Define mission.
Mission may be defined as a statement which defines the role that an organization
plays in a society.
4. Define an objective.
Objectives are the aims, purposes or goals that an organization wants to achieve
over varying periods of time.
5. What is meant by strategy?
Strategy of an organization is the programme of action and deployment of resources
to attain the objectives.
6. Define policies.
Policies are guidelines for action.
7. What is procedure?
Procedure is a chronological order of actions required to implement a policy and to
achieve an objective.
8. How can rules be defined?
Rules spell out specific required actions or non-actions , allowing no discretion.
9. What is programme?
Programmes are a complex of goals,poliies , procedures, rules , steps to be taken
and other elements required to carry out a given course of action.
10. What are the advantages of planning?
1)It helps in achieving objectives.
2) Better utilization of resources.
3) Economy I operation
4)Effective control.
5) Coordination.
11. State any four limitations of planning.
1) Planning is an expensive and time consuming process.
 2) It curbs the initiative of the Manager and forces him to operate within limits.
3) No flexibility.
4) People may sometimes resist.
12. Define corporate planning.
Corporate planning is a process used by business to map out a course of action that
will result in revenue growth and increased profits.
13. What are the advantages of objectives?
-It sets specific targets for the employee
- It provides the direction of the employee
- It increases the staff motivation
- It enables the success to be measured,
14. Define MBO in planning.
MBO is defined as a comprehensive managerial system that integrates many key
managerial activities in a systematic manner and is directed toward the efficient
achievement of organization and individual objectives.
15. What are the benefits of MBO?
- Improvement of managing thro’ results oriented planning.
- Delegation of authority.
- Encouragement of commitment to personal and goals
- Development of effective controls that measure results and lead
- to corrective action.
16. What are the weakness of MBO?
- Failure to teach the philosophy of MBO
- Manager should explain to subordinates , what it is , how it works,
- Failure to give guidelines to goalsetters
- Managers should know what the corporate goals are and how ther activities fit
in with them.
17. List any four quantitative forecasting techniques.
Historical analogy, Survey methods, Opinion poll, Business barometers.
18. What do you mean by a strategy?
Strategy of an organization is the programme of action and deployment of
resources to attain its objectives.
19. Define planning premises.
These premises may be internal or external . Internal premises include
organizational policies, resources of various types, sales forecasts and ability of
organization to withstand the environmental pressure. External premises include
political, social, technological, competitors plans ans actions, and Government
policies etc.
 20. Explain the term decision and decision making.
Decision making is defined as the selection of a course of action from amongst
alternatives .It is at the core of planning. A plan cannot exist unless a decision has
been made. Decision making is one of the steps in planning.

Part B (6X16 marks)

1. What is planning? Explain the steps involved in planning.

2. What are different types of plans? Explain.
3. Define MBO. Describe the benefits and weakness of MBO and ways to overcome
them.
4. Define strategic planning? What are the steps involved in strategic planning?
5. Define forecasting. Explain the various forecasting techniques used for decision
making process.
6. Define decision- making and explain the process of decision –making that affects the
efficiency of the business decisions.

Unit -3

Part A (20X2 marks)

1. Define organizing.
Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping the activities required to attain
the objectives .
2. State the advantages of organization.
– It facilitates administration.
– It increases the efficiency of Management.
–It ensures the optimum use of man and material resources.
3. Define the term “ Scalar Chain.”
The chain of superiors ranging from top management to bottom management is
called scalar chain.
4. What are the types of departmentation?
Departmentation by geography or territory.
–Departmentation by equipment or process.
–Departmentation by product or service.

5. What is span of control?

 The number of people managed effectively by a single superior in an organization.
6. What is line authority?
Line authority is the direct authority which a superior exercises over a number of
subordinates to carry out orders and instructions,
7. What is staff authority?
Staff authority is arelation between a staff manager and a line manager with whom
he works depends in part on the staff duties.
8. What is decentralization?
If the power is fully distributed to the subordinates of the organization , it is called
decentralization.
9. What are the advantages of decentralization?
– It reduces the burden on the Management
–It encourages decision making and assumption of authority and responsibiliyy.
10. What are the disadvantages of decentralization?
- It is difficult to have a uniform policy
- May create chaos in the absence of proper control.
11. What is meant by delegation of authority?
It is a process which makes a person to assign works to others and delegate them
with adequate authority to do it.
12. What is job analysis?
Job analysis is the process of determining by observation and study and reporting
pertinent information relating to the nature of a specific job.
13. What is job rotation?
It involves the involvement of a Manager from one job to another.
14. Define Recruitment
Recruitment is the process of finding and attracting capable applicants for
employment..
15. What is selection?
Selection is the process of differentiating between applicants inorder to identify
those with a greater likelihood of success in a job.
16. What is orientation?
Orientation or induction refers to the activities involved in introducing the new
employees to the organization and its policies , procedures, rules and regulations.
17. What is Management by objectives?
MBO is defined as a comprehensive managerial system that integrates many key
managerial activities in a systematic manner and is directed toward the efficient
achievement of organization and individual objectives.
 18. What are the roles of manager?
Interpersonal role, Informational role, Decision role
19. Define Training.
The act of increasing the skills of an employee for doing a particular job.

20.What are the methods of training?

- On –the –job training

- Off – the –job training.

Part B (6X16 marks)

1. State and explain the basic steps involved in a typical selection procedure.
2. What do you understand by organization chart? Explain the basis of the
departmentalization.
3. What is Managing by objective (MBO) ?What are the steps involved in MBO? Mention
its benefits.
4. I) Distinguish between formal and informal organization. (8 marks)
ii) Explain the line organization with a neat sketch.(8 marks)
5. i) Explain the concept of decentralization . (8 marks)
ii) Explain the importance of performance appraisal.(8 marks)
6. Explain any four methods of performance appraisal.

UNIT IV

Part-A (2 Marks)

1. Define multiplicity of roles.Nov2012

Individuals not only the productive factor in management’s plans. They aremembers of social
system of many organizations.

2. Mention the importance of motivation.April/May 2011

• Proper utilization of human resources possible since it inspires employees tomake best possible
use of different factors of production.
• Proper motivation improves the efficiency of operation.
• Motivation creates a willingness on the part of workers to do the work in a betterway.
3. Name the steps involved in motivation process.April/May 2011
• Analysis of situation
• Preparing, selecting and applying a set of appropriate motivating tools.
• Follow up.

4. What are the types of motivation? Nov2012

• Positive motivation
• Negative motivation
• Extrinsic motivation
• Intrinsic motivation

5. List out the basic needs in a hierarchy.May/June 2012

• Physiological needs
• Safety needs
• Social needs
• Esteem needs
• Self-actualisation needs

6. What is job enrichment?

Job enrichment is therefore based on the assumption that in order to motivatepersonnel, the job
itself must provide opportunities for achievement, recognition, responsibility,advancement and growth.

7. Who is leader?

Leader is one who makes his subordinates to do willingly what he wants.

8. Define leadership.May/June 2012

Leadership is the process of influencing the behaviour of others towards theaccomplishment of
goals in a given situation.
9. What is communication?April/May 2011
Communication is passing of information from one person to another person.

10. State the need for communication. Nov2012

• To establish and spread goals of an enterprise widely.
• To develop plans for further achievement.
• To organize human and other resources in the most effective and efficient way.
• To select, develop and apprise members of the organisation.
11. List the different types of communication flow.
• Downward communication
• Upward communication
• Horizontal or lateral communication
12. Note down the various communicating networks. Nov 2012
• Simple chain
• Wheel
• Circular
 • Free flow
• Inverted V
13. State the advantages of democratic leadership. Nov/Dec 2010
• The subordinates are motivated by participation in decision-making process.
• This will increase job satisfaction.
• Absence of leader does not affect output.
• Labour absenteeism and turn-over will be minimum.
• The quality of decision is improved.
14. What are the barriers involved in effective communication? Nov2012
• Physical barriers
• Socio-psychological or personal barriers.
• Organisational barriers.
• Semantic barriers.
• Mechanical barriers.
15. List out the effective media in communication.April/May 2011
• A large bank supplies hardware and software to its customers.
• Several banks now make bank-by-phone services available even to individuals.
• E-mail service making easy delivery of documents.
16. What are the important assumptions made in X theory?
The average human dislikes to work. He will avoid work if it is possible. Therefore people must be
controlled, directed and threatened with punishment to make them work.
17. Mention the various factors involved in using motivational techniques.
• Money
• Participation
• Quality of working life
18. Mention the important of leadership.
• Motivating employees
• Leader develops team work
• Building morale
• Maintaining discipline
19. Name the various leadership styles.May/June 2012
• Autocratic or dictatorial leadership.
• Participative or democratic leadership.
• Laissez-faire or free rein leadership.
20. What is Laissez-faire?
Complete freedom is given to the subordinates so that they plan, motivate, control,
and otherwise be responsible for their own actions.

Part-B (16 Marks)

 1. What do you understand by “leadership style”? Describe the different styles of leadership.
April/May 2010
2. Explain why management by wandering around considered as effective communication. What are
the barriers to effective communications?April/May 2010
3. Explain the term motivation. Explain any two motivational theories. April/May 2011
4. Critically examine Maslow’s need priority model. How far up the hierarchical ladder do most
people progress?April/May 2010
5. What are the barriers of effective communication April/May 2011
6. Explain porter and Lawler theory of motivation and Adam’s equity theory of motivation.
Nov/Dec 2013

UNIT V

Part-A (2 Marks)

1. Define control. Nov/ Dec 2010

According to Koontz “Controlling to the measurement and correction of performance in order to make
sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are accomplished”.
2. What are the characteristics of control?
• Control process is universal
• Control is continuous process
• Control is action based
• Control is forward looking.
3. What are the disadvantages of control?Nov2012
• Control is expensive and time-consuming process.
• Human behaviour and employee morale also cannot be measured.
4. Give some critical point standards of control?
• Cost standards
• Revenue standards
• Goals standards
• Program standards.
5. What are the types of control?Nov2012
• Feedback control
• Concurrent control
• Feed forward control
6. What is feedback control?
Feedback control is the process of adjusting future action on basis of information about past performance.
7. What are the requirements for effective control?
• The control should be economical
• It must be simple
• It should be flexible
• It should be clear objectives
8. What are the modern techniques of control? April/May 2011
• Management audit
• Return on investment
 • PERT and CPM

9. Define budgetary control? May/June 2012

According to J.Batty “a system which uses budgets as a means of planning and controlling all aspects of
producing and or selling commodities and services”.

10. Define budget?

According to J. Fred Meston “a budget is the expression of a firms plan isfinancial form for a period of
time in to the future”.

11. What are the limitations of Budgeting?May/June 2012

• Inaccuracy
• Expenditure
• Distortion of goals
12. What is Zero Base Budgets?
Initially the budget is designed from a Zero base the main element is ZBB is future objective orientation.
13. What are the steps involves in ZBB?
• Decision package
• Ranking
• Allocation of resources
14. What is Internal Audit?
Internal audit is done by an internal auditor who is an employee of the organisation. He examines the
objectives, policies, plans, procedures and performance of the management.
15. Define MIS
A system of obtaining abstracting, storing and analysing data to productions information for use in
planning, controlling and decision making by managers at the time they can most effectively use it”
16. What are MIS Resources?
• To provide the information up to date
• To take effective decision making
• To provide the right information available in the right form at the right time
17. Define Productivity
Productivity is a measure of how much input is required to produce a given output theratio is
called productivity.
18. What are the factors affecting productivity?
• Technology
• Human resources
• Government policy
• Machinery and equipment
• Skill of the worker
19. What is OR?
OR is an applied decision theory, which uses scientific, mathematical and logicalmeans to take
decisions.
20. Define Multinational Corporations. April/May 2010
An enterprise which own or control production or service facilities outside the country in which they are
based.

Part-B (16 Marks)

1. Explain any four non-budgetary control techniques with suitable examples. Nov/Dec 2013
2. Explain the effects of globalization and liberation in improving organisation growth. May/June
2012
3. Explain the steps involved in the quality control process with advantages and disadvantages.
Nov/Dec 2013
4. What is the difference between direct control and preventive control? Give an overview of
popular overall direct control measures. Nov/Dec 2012
5. Explain the use of computers in handling information to increase productivity. May/June 2012
6. Explain the term productivity and the means of increasing productivity in an organisation.
May/June 2012