Introduction:

The impact of soil pH on plant growth was investigated in this research. Four cups of soil were
used, each with a specific pH level (4, 7, 8, and 10) to represent acidic, neutral, and alkaline pH
levels. Mung beans were planted in each type of soil, and daily observations were taken of
sprouting, sprout color, and the lengths of the smallest and largest blades. The goal was to
determine how different pH levels affect plant growth, as measured by shoot and root lengths.

Research Question:
To what extent do different pH levels (4, 7, 8, 10) affect plant growth, measured using shoot and
root length?

Variables:
Independent variable: pH level
Dependent variable: Plant growth measured by shoot and root length using a ruler
Controlled variables: Soil type, Temperature, Amount of Sunlight

Materials:
● 9 beakers
● pH probes
● Aluminum sulfide
● 5ml NaOH (Sodium hydroxide)
● 5ml HCL (Hydrochloric acid)
● Soil
● Ruler
● 20ml of Water

Methodology:
1. Weigh 60g of soil for each of the four pots.
2. Adjust the pH of the soil in each pot using hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sodium hydroxide
(NaOH) according to the experimental design.
3. Prepare a control pot with unaltered soil.
4. Plant five mung bean seeds in each pot.
5. Water the seeds and soil in each pot daily to maintain adequate moisture levels.
6. Conduct daily observations for a week, noting:
● Growth patterns of the mung bean sprouts.
● Color of the sprouts.
● Lengths of both shoots and roots.
7. Record all observations accurately.
8. Analyze the data collected to identify any differences in growth patterns, sprout color,
shoot and root lengths between the pots with adjusted pH and the control pot.
9. Draw conclusions based on the observed differences (if any) and evaluate the impact of
pH on mung bean growth.
Evidence:

Observations:

Trial 1:

Measurements Control Acid Base Neutral

Shoot root 2.1 4.1 6.4 3.6

Root length (cm) 3.1 0.5 3.9 1.7

Predicted trial 2:

Measurements Control Acid Base Neutral

Shoot root 2.2 3.8 6.2 3.7

Root length (cm) 3 0.4 4.1 1.5

Measurements Control Acid Base Neutral

Shoot root 1.9 4.3 6.3 3.9

Root length (cm) 3.3 0.3 3.8 1.9

Results:

- 3 of the plants died, and the acid and base were not able to grow the plants under the
conditions
- Control survived - shoot length

Evaluation:
The experiment demonstrated several important strengths. First of all, proper management of
controlled variables ensures that the observed effects can be attributed to the manipulated
variable, increasing the reliability of the findings. Second, the effective use of equipment
indicates that the experiment was carried out with precision and accuracy, which contributes to
the generation of reliable data. Furthermore, the use of a wide range of pH values provided
valuable insights into the relationship between pH and the system under study, enhancing the
findings' comprehensiveness. Furthermore, repeating the experiment ensured consistency,
reducing the possibility of obtaining skewed or anomalous data and increasing confidence in the
results.

Despite its strengths, the experiment has limitations. One important weakness is the presence
of outliers, such as dead plants, which indicate possible problems with the experimental setup
or conditions. These outliers may introduce variability into the data, which could skew the overall
results. Addressing these outliers is critical because they may indicate underlying issues that
must be identified and addressed in order to ensure the validity of the experiment's conclusions.
Overall, while the experiment has several strengths, including controlled variable management
and efficient time management, addressing the presence of outliers is an important area for
improvement in order to improve the reliability and validity of the findings.

Improvements:

Addressing outliers and understanding the causes of plant deaths is critical for furthering the
investigation. Exploring additional controlled variables, such as nutrient levels, would provide a
more complete picture of the system's behavior. Increasing the sample size can help to reduce
random errors and improve the reliability of the results. Furthermore, more precise pH
adjustments can reduce systematic errors, ensuring that any observed effects are truly due to
pH variations. By incorporating these strategies, the experiment can produce more robust and
reliable results, allowing for a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the system under
study.

Research paper:
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01335/full

Conclusion:
The data analysis shows a clear correlation between pH levels and plant growth, indicating that
pH has a significant impact on mung bean development. The control pot with a neutral pH
showed the most robust growth, as evidenced by the longest shoot and root lengths.
Conversely, acidic and alkaline conditions resulted in stunted growth, with three plants dying,
demonstrating the negative effects of high pH levels. These findings strongly suggest that a
neutral pH environment is ideal for mung bean cultivation, providing important insights for
optimizing growth conditions in agricultural practices aimed at increasing crop yield and quality.