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Assessment
Chapter Test B
Electric Forces and Fields
MULTIPLE CHOICE
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
______ 1. If a positively charged glass rod is used to charge a metal bar by
induction, the charge on the bar
a. will be equal in magnitude to the charge on the glass rod.
b. must be negative.
c. must be positive.
d. will be greater in magnitude than the charge on the glass rod.
______ 2. Which sentence best describes electrical conductors?
a. Electrical conductors have low mass density.
b. Electrical conductors have high tensile strength.
c. Electrical conductors have electric charges that move freely.
d. Electrical conductors are poor heat conductors.
______ 3. Which statement is the most correct regarding electric insulators?
a. Charges within electric insulators do not readily move.
b. Electric insulators have high tensile strength.
c. Electric charges move freely in electric insulators.
d. Electric insulators are good heat conductors.
______ 4. When a charged body is brought close to an uncharged body without
touching it, a(n) charge may result on the uncharged
body. When a charged body is brought into contact with an uncharged
body and then is removed, a(n) charge may result on
the uncharged body.
a. negative; positive c. induced; residual
b. positive; negative d. residual; induced
______ 5. Two point charges, initially 2 cm apart, are moved to a distance of
10 cm apart. By what factor does the resulting electric force between
them change?
1
a. 25 c. 5
1
b. 5 d.
25
______ 6. If the charge is tripled for two identical charges maintained at a con-
stant separation, the electric force between them will be changed by
what factor?
1
a. c. 9
9
2
b. d. 18
3
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Holt Physics 125 Chapter Test
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Chapter Test B continued
______ 7. Two point charges, initially 1 cm apart, are moved to a distance of
3 cm apart. By what factor do the resulting electric and gravitational
forces between them change?
1
a. 3 c. 3
1
b. 9 d.
9
______ 8. Two positive charges, each of magnitude q, are on the y-axis at points
y a and y a. Where would a third positive charge of the same
magnitude be located for the net force on the third charge to be zero?
a. at the origin c. at y 2a
b. at y 2a d. at y a
______ 9. Which is the most correct statement regarding the drawing of electric
field lines?
a. Electric field lines always connect from one charge to another.
b. Electric field lines always form closed loops.
c. Electric field lines can start on a charge of either polarity.
d. Electric field lines never cross each other.
______10. If an irregularly shaped conductor is in electrostatic equilibrium,
charge accumulates
a. where the radius of curvature is smallest.
b. where the radius of curvature is largest.
c. evenly throughout the conductor.
d. in flat places.
SHORT ANSWER
11. Explain what happens when you vigorously rub your wool socks on a car-
peted floor, touch a metal doorknob, and get a shock.
12. What property was discovered in Millikan’s experiments? Explain this property.
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Holt Physics 126 Chapter Test
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Chapter Test B continued
13. Describe how a nonconducting material, such as paper, becomes attracted to
a negatively charged object brought near it.
14. A negatively charged rubber rod is brought near a neutral, conductive sphere
that has no charge. As a result, the part of the sphere closest to the rod
becomes positively charged. Explain how this positive charge occurs.
15. In the figure shown on the right, why do only half of the
lines originating from the positive charge terminate on
the negative charge?
+2q + _ _q
PROBLEM
16. Two equal charges are separated by 3.7 1010 m. The force between the
charges has a magnitude of 2.37 103 N. What is the magnitude of q on the
charges? (kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
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Holt Physics 127 Chapter Test
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Chapter Test B continued
17. An alpha particle (charge 2e) is sent at high speed toward a gold nucleus. The
electric force acting on the alpha particle is 91.0 N when it is 2.00 1014 m
away from the gold nucleus. What is the charge on the gold nucleus, as a
whole number multiple of e? (e 1.60 1019 C, kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
18. Two charges are located on the positive x-axis of a coordinate system.
Charge q1 2.00 109C, and it is 0.020 m from the origin. Charge
q2 3.00 109C, and it is 0.040 m from the origin. What is the electric
force exerted by these two charges on a third charge, q3 5.00 109,
located at the origin? (kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
19. Two point charges are 4.0 cm apart and have values of 30.0 C and 30.0 C,
respectively. What is the electric field at the midpoint between the two
charges? (kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
20. Charges of 4.0 C and 6.0 C are placed at two corners of an equilateral
triangle with sides of 0.10 m. What is the magnitude of the electric field
created by these two charges at the third corner of the triangle?
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Holt Physics 128 Chapter Test
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TEACHER RESOURCE
Electric Forces and Fields Solution
q1q2 kC q2
CHAPTER TEST B (ADVANCED) Felectric kC
r2 r2
1. b 6. c
2.
3.
c
a
7. d
8. a
q
Felectric r2
kC
4. c 9. d 3
(2.37 10 N)(3.7 10 m) 10 2
5. d 10. a
8.99 10 N•m /C
9 2 2
11. Loosely held electrons are transferred
q
3 19
from the carpet to the socks when the (2.37 10 N)(1.4 10 m) 2
socks are rubbed against the carpet.
8.99 10 N•m /C
9 2 2
The body and socks have an excess of
electrons and are negatively charged. q 1.9 1016 C
Touching the doorknob allows the 17. 79e
electrons to escape. The shock felt is Given
the sudden movement of charges as e 1.60 1019 C
the body and socks return to a neutral q 2e 3.20 1019 C
state. Felectric 91.0 N
12. Millikan discovered that charge is r 2.00 1014 m
quantized. This means that when any kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2
object is charged, the net charge is
Solution
always a multiple of a fundamental
q qGold
unit of charge. The fundamental unit Felectric kC
of charge, which is the charge on the r2
electron, is 1.60 1019 C. The Rearrange to solve for qGold.
charge on a proton is 1.60 1019 C. (Felectric)r2
qGold
13. The paper becomes charged by polar- (kC)q
ization. In this process, electrons on
(91.0 N)(2.00 1014 m)2
each molecule are repelled, and the
(8.99 109 N•m2/C2)(3.20 1019 C)
molecule acquires a positive side near
the charged object. As a result, the 1.27 1017 C
molecules become attracted to the qGold 1.27 1017 C
79.4
charged object. qe 1.60 1019 C
14. The negatively charged rod repels The charge on the gold nucleus must
electrons from the part of the sphere be an integer multiple of e.
nearest the rod. As a result, this part Integer (79.4)e 79e
becomes deficient in electrons, thus 4
acquiring a positive charge. 18. 1.4 10 N
15. because the positive charge is twice Given
the magnitude of the negative charge q1 2.00 109 C
16. 1.9 1016 C q2 3.00 109 C
Given q3 5.00 109 C
q1 q2 r3,1 0.020 m 2.0 102 m
Felectric 2.37 103 N r3,2 0.040 m 4.0 102m
r 3.7 1010 m kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2
kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2
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Holt Physics 206 Chapter Test
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TEACHER RESOURCE
Solution Etot
(Ex,tot
)2 (Ey,tot)
2
q 3q1
F3,1 kC (1.3
109 N
/C)2
0
(r3,1)2
(8.99 109 N•m2/C2) 1.3 109 NC
(5.00 109 C)(2.00 109 C) Etot 1.3 109 NC
(2.0 102 m)2 20. 4.8 106 N/C
Given
2.2 10 4
N q1 4.0 106 C
q 3q2 q2 6.0 106 C
F3,2 kC q 60°
(r3,2)2
r1 1.0 101 m
(8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
r2 1.0 101 m
(5.00 109 C)(3.00 109 C) kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2
(4.0 102 m)2 Solution
q1
8.4 105 N E1 kC
r12
Ftot F3,1 F3,2 (2.2 104 N)
(8.4 105 N) 1.4 104 N (8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
4.0 106 C
F3 1.4 104 N
(1.0 101 m)2
3.6 106 N/C
19. 1.3 10 N/C
9
q2
Given E2 kC
r1 r2 2.0 cm 2.0 102 m r22
q1 0° (8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
6.0 106 C
q2 180°
q1 30ºC 3.0 105 C
(1.0 101 m)2
q2 30ºC 3.0 105 C
5.4 106 N/C
kC 8.99 109 N•m2/C2
For E1: Ex,1 (E1)(cos 60°)
Solution (3.6 106 N/C)(cos 60°)
q1 1.8 106 N/C
E1 kC (8.99 109 N•m2/C2)
r12 Ey,1 (E1)(sin 60°)
3.0 105 C (3.6 106 N/C)(sin 60°)
(2.0 102 m)2
6.7 108 N/C 3.1 106 N/C
q2 For E2: Ex,2 (E2)(cos 60°)
E2 kC (8.99 109 N•m2/C2) (5.4 106 N/C)(cos 60°)
r22
3.0 105 C 2.7 106 N/C
(2.0 102 m)2
6.7 108 N/C Ey,2 (E2)(sin 60°)
(5.4 106 N/C)(sin 60°)
For E1: Ex,1 (E1)(cos 0°) 4.7 106 N/C
(6.7 108 N/C)(cos 0°) Ex,tot Ex,1 Ex,2
6.7 108 N/C 1.8 106 N/C 2.7 106 N/C
Ey,1 0 N/C 4.5 106 N/C
For E2: Ex,2 (E2)(cos 180°) Ey,tot Ey,1 Ey,2
(6.7 108 N/C)(cos 180°) 3.1 106 N/C (4.7 106 N/C)
6.7 108 N/C 1.6 106 N/C
Ey,2 0 N/C
Ex,tot Ex,1 Ex,2 6.7 108 N/C Etot
(Ex,tot
)2 (Ey,tot)
2
6.7 108 N/C 1.3 109 N/C
(4.5
106 N
/C)2
(1.6
106
N/C)2
Ey,tot Ey,1 Ey,2
0 N/C 0 N/C 0 N/C 4.8 106 N/C
Etot 4.8 106 N/C
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Holt Physics 207 Chapter Test
