MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

2022-2024

ASSIGNMENT 1

SUBJECT NAME:-BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD

SUBJECT CODE:- KMBN203

SUBMITTED TO:- PROF. SATYAJEET ASTHANA

SUBMITTED BY:- SHREYA SINGH

AMAN ASHFAAQ
TITLE:- Analyze different approaches to parenting
styles among men and women.

INTRODUCTION:-

Parenting is not an easy task. Becoming a parent is the easiest part,

where being conscious and positive parents is a momentous task.
Parenting is the most important role one face in a life time. Parents
who provide an encouraging environment for their children are
rewarded when as adults their children realize a successful fit into
culture and society. Effective parenting enable to build and develop
positive behaviours and good solid self-concept that are important
to functioning fully as a healthy adult. Parenting skill can be
strengthened if parent learn about themselves as a parent and about
child development. Learning about the stages of human
development helps parents understand about their ever changing
roles in the lives of their children and also what is expected of a
parent at each stage. Finally, a father’s love and influence is as
importance as a mother‘s in the life of a child. Father should
overcome the internal and external barrier that exits to fulfill the
duties of fathering. Children change as they grow from infancy to
early childhood and on through middle and late childhood and
adolescence. Competent parent adapts to the child’s developmental
changes. Researchers have long examined the impact of parenting
on childhood outcomes. . What is consistent across the research is
the way in which a child is nurtured and raised can impact their
behavior, intelligence, academic success, mental health, social
behavior, and many other aspects of their life while growing up and
in the future. It is also important because parenting is crucial in
helping a child adapt to and understand the world they live in;
parental guidance remains an important facet in the child’s life until
late adolescence where they become older and acquire the proper
skills to protect and socialize themselves in the world [1]. One
commonly examined factor in the child-parent relationship is
influence of parenting style

RESEARCH QUESTION:-

● What are the most common parenting styles adopted by men

and women, and how do they differ?

● How do men and women differ in their attitudes towards

discipline and punishment in parenting?

 ● How do men and women differ in their level of involvement in

child-rearing activities, and how does this impact their

parenting style?

● To what extent do men and women differ in their parenting

styles based on the age and gender of their children?

● How do men and women differ in their parenting styles based

on their socioeconomic status and educational background?

● How do men and women differ in their parenting styles when

dealing with emotional and behavioral issues in their children?

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

"The problem addressed in this study is the lack of comprehensive

understanding of the different approaches of parenting styles among
men and women. Although parenting styles have been studied
extensively, little research has been conducted to explore the
differences in parenting styles between men and women. As men and
women may have different experiences, socialization, and expectations
in their roles as parents, it is crucial to examine the ways in which these
differences may impact their parenting styles.Understanding these
differences could help parents, educators, and policymakers better
support families and children. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the
different approaches of parenting styles among men and women and
explore how gender influences parenting styles."

LITERATURE REVIEW

● Although past research suggests that children tend to benefit

from being reared by an authoritative parent, much of this

research has focused on mothers [21]. Researchers often
assess the parenting style of mothers and assume that fathers
parent in the same way. Unfortunately, we have little
information regarding the extent to which this assumption is
correct. Some studies have assessed the parenting styles of
both mothers and fathers but then have excluded families from
analysis if the parents show different parenting styles [3]. In
other instances, researchers have averaged the parenting
scores of mothers and fathers [17,6]. Given these
methodological limitations, we have little knowledge regarding
the extent to which husbands and wives show similar styles of
parenting..Past research has shown, for example, that
authoritative parenting is more beneficial to children than
 indulgent parenting. To demonstrate how parenting styles
affect children’s development, studies on perfectionism have
indicated that parenting styles did have different effects.
Authoritarian parenting styles were positively associated with
feelings of being criticized, doubts of ability, and expectations
of being perfect. Children also reported feeling more anxious
and overwhelmed by challenges; permissive parenting styles
were positively associated with trying new challenges;
neglectful styles of parenting were positively correlated with
similar maladaptive dimensions that were similar to those
from authoritarian parenting. In context to the development of
perfectionism, authoritative parenting styles typically result in
adaptive perfectionism whilst authoritarian, permissive, and
neglectful parenting styles typically resulted in maladaptive
and neurotic facets of perfectionism [6].

● A global evaluation of [16] and [22] studies reinforced the idea

that the authoritative parent was the optimal parental style.

Adolescents from authoritative families would perform better
in all youth outcomes examined when compared to adolescents
from neglectful families. Results from authoritarian and
indulgent families were less clear as they showed a mixture of
positive and negative outcomes. According to [19], adolescents
 from authoritarian and indulgent families would perform on all
outcomes between the maximum adjustment of the
authoritative group and the minimum adjustment of the
neglectful group. Studies conducted in the USA using middle-
class European American samples fully supported the idea that
the authoritative parenting style was always associated with
optimum youth outcomes [15,16,23,22]. However, in this
study, it seemed that permissive parenting styles were most
likely to be positively correlated with alcohol abuse. In
addition, paternal permissive parenting styles especially
increased sons’ consumption of alcohol, particularly beer,
which tended to result with more drinking problems [9]. As
noted earlier, there is strong evidence that children achieve the
most positive developmental outcomes when they are reared
by authoritative parents. Such parents are high on both
responsiveness and control (Figures 1-3).
Figure 1: Scores 1 on the scale
Researchers have begun to study the affect of the child’s attachment
to the father as well as the mother (Thompson, 2000). Father’s
relationships with their children are actually very important,
despite what many people may think. According to Dalton III, Frick‐
Horbury, and Kitzmann (2006) reports of father’s parenting, but not
mothers, were related to the quality of current relationships with a
romantic partner. Therefore, if one of the parents is authoritarian,
we anticipate that the other will be either authoritative, indulgent,
or uninvolved. Findings from [26], [27], and [28] provide support
for the idea that parents often display such a division of labour. .
This would suggest that the consequence of traditional sex role
socialization is likely to be an overrepresentation of family
parenting styles containing either an authoritative or an indulgent
mother with an uninvolved father. The study by Fletcher et al.
(1999) explicitly considered the impact of various combinations of
parenting styles on adolescent outcomes..
HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis 1:- There will be difference between the parenting style for
girl child and boy child.

Hypothesis 2:- There will be difference between mothers parenting

style and fathers parenting style.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

● To find the frequency of most prevalent parenting style used

by girls child father.

● To find the frequency of most prevalent parenting style used

by girls child mother.

● To find the frequency of most prevalent parenting style used

by boys child father.

● To find the frequency of most prevalent parenting style used

by boys child mother.

● To find the level of using various parenting style by the father

of the girl child.

● To find the level of using various parenting style by the mother

of the girl child.

● To find the level of using various parenting style by the father

of the boy child.

● To find the level of using various parenting style by the mother

of the boy child.

● To see the gender wise difference in using different parenting

styles of the father and mother.