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Practical 5

This document discusses DC voltage regulators and voltage clipper circuits. It defines a DC voltage regulator as a component that ensures a steady constant voltage supply despite fluctuations in power or load. It describes several types of DC voltage regulators including Zener diode, transistor, IC regulators. It also defines a voltage clipper as a circuit that clips or cuts off parts of the input waveform, such as half-waves or both halves together. Types of clipper circuits include positive, negative, and biased diode clippers which use diodes to limit the output voltage to certain levels. In conclusion, voltage regulators maintain a stable output voltage while diode clippers limit voltage levels and provide overvoltage protection.

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Purva Patel
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21 views9 pages

Practical 5

This document discusses DC voltage regulators and voltage clipper circuits. It defines a DC voltage regulator as a component that ensures a steady constant voltage supply despite fluctuations in power or load. It describes several types of DC voltage regulators including Zener diode, transistor, IC regulators. It also defines a voltage clipper as a circuit that clips or cuts off parts of the input waveform, such as half-waves or both halves together. Types of clipper circuits include positive, negative, and biased diode clippers which use diodes to limit the output voltage to certain levels. In conclusion, voltage regulators maintain a stable output voltage while diode clippers limit voltage levels and provide overvoltage protection.

Uploaded by

Purva Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Purva patel

Batch 15
Class b
Bda21

Practical-5
DC voltage Regulator and Voltage clipper

What is DC voltage regulators?


A voltage regulator is a component of the power supply unit that ensures a steady constant
voltage supply through all operational conditions. It regulates voltage during power
fluctuations and variations in loads. It can regulate AC as well as DC voltages.

• Types of DC Voltage Regulators:-

A dc voltage regulator generally employs electronic devices to achieve this objective. The
various types of dc voltage regulators are :

▪ Zener Diode Voltage Regulator


▪ Transistor Series Voltage Regulator
▪ Series Feedback Voltage Regulator
▪ Transistor Shunt Voltage Regulator
▪ Shunt Feedback Voltage Regulator
▪ Glow Tube Voltage Regulator
▪ Series Triode Voltage Regulator
▪ Series Double Triode Voltage Regulator
▪ IC Voltage Regulator

Zener as voltage regulator- 1 circuit only using 4733 diode


78xx as positive voltage regulator - 1 circuit only using lC7805

79xx as (-)ve voltage Reg. -1 circuit only using lC7905


What is clipper circuits? What are types of clippers?
The Diode Clipper, also known as a Diode Limiter, is a wave shaping circuit that takes an input
waveform and clips or cuts off its top half, bottom half or both halves together. This clipping of the
input signal produces an output waveform that resembles a flattened version of the input. For
example, the half-wave rectifier is a clipper circuit, since all voltages below zero are eliminated.

But Diode Clipping Circuits can be used a variety of applications to modify an input waveform using
signal and Schottky diodes or to provide over-voltage protection using zener diodes to ensure that
the output voltage never exceeds a certain level protecting the circuit from high voltage spikes. Then
diode clipping circuits can be used in voltage limiting applications.

Positive Diode Clipping Circuits :-


The output voltage which is taken across the diode can never exceed 0.7 volts during the positive half
cycle.
Negative Diode Clipping Circuits :-
During the negative half cycle, the diode is reverse biased has no effect on the negative half
of the sinusoidal voltage which passes to the load unaltered.

Here the reverse is true. The diode is forward biased during the negative half cycle of the
sinusoidal waveform and limits or clips it to –0.7 volts while allowing the positive half cycle
to pass unaltered when reverse biased. As the diode limits the negative half cycle of the
input voltage it is therefore called a negative clipper circuit.
Clipping of Both Half Cycles :-
For ideal diodes the output waveform above would be zero. However, due to the forward
bias voltage drop across the diodes the actual clipping point occurs at +0.7 volts and –0.7
volts respectively.
Biased Diode Clipping Circuits
To produce diode clipping circuits for voltage waveforms at different levels, a bias voltage, VBIAS is
added in series with the diode to produce a combination clipper as shown. The voltage across the
series combination must be greater than VBIAS + 0.7V before the diode becomes sufficiently forward
biased to conduct. For example, if the VBIAS level is set at 4.0 volts, then the sinusoidal voltage at the
diode’s anode terminal must be greater than 4.0 + 0.7 = 4.7 volts for it to become forward biased.
Any anode voltage levels above this bias point are clipped off.

• Positive Bias Diode Clipping –


Likewise, by reversing the diode and the battery bias voltage, when a diode conducts the negative
half cycle of the output waveform is held to a level –VBIAS – 0.7V as shown.
• Negative Diode Clipping Circuits –
Diode Clipping of Different Bias levels –
When the voltage of the positive half cycle reaches +4.7 V, diode D1 conducts and limits the
waveform at +4.7 V. Diode D2 does not conduct until the voltage reaches –6.7 V. Therefore,
all positive voltages above +4.7 V and negative voltages below –6.7 V are automatically
clipped.

Conclusion: - DC voltage regulators maintain a stable output voltage while Diodes


in clipping circuits limit voltage levels, protect against overvoltage.

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