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Classification Rules

This document discusses classification rules for classifying records into different categories. It describes how classification rules use an "if...then..." structure, with an antecedent (IF) condition and a consequent (THEN) conclusion. Examples of rules are provided to classify animals into classes like mammals, birds, fish, etc. based on attributes. It also discusses evaluating rules based on their coverage and accuracy, and how to resolve conflicts when multiple rules apply to a record.

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17 views12 pages

Classification Rules

This document discusses classification rules for classifying records into different categories. It describes how classification rules use an "if...then..." structure, with an antecedent (IF) condition and a consequent (THEN) conclusion. Examples of rules are provided to classify animals into classes like mammals, birds, fish, etc. based on attributes. It also discusses evaluating rules based on their coverage and accuracy, and how to resolve conflicts when multiple rules apply to a record.

Uploaded by

muneerakottarath99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Classification Rules

• Classify records by using a collection of “if…then…” rules


• An IF-THEN rule is an expression of the form IF “condition”, THEN
“Conclusion”.
• Eg:R1:if age=“youth” and student=“yes” Then Buys_ computer=“yes”
• The “IF” part(left side) of a rule is known as the rule
antecedent/precondition.
• The “THEN” part(right side) is the consequent.
Name Blood Type Give Birth Can Fly Live in Water Class
human warm yes no no mammals
python cold no no no reptiles
salmon cold no no yes fishes
whale warm yes no yes mammals
frog cold no no sometimes amphibians
komodo cold no no no reptiles
bat warm yes yes no mammals
pigeon warm no yes no birds
cat warm yes no no mammals
leopard shark cold yes no yes fishes
turtle cold no no sometimes reptiles
penguin warm no no sometimes birds
porcupine warm yes no no mammals
eel cold no no yes fishes
salamander cold no no sometimes amphibians
gila monster cold no no no reptiles
platypus warm no no no mammals
owl warm no yes no birds
dolphin warm yes no yes mammals
eagle warm no yes no birds
• R1: (Give Birth = no) Ù (Can Fly = yes) ® Birds
• R2: (Give Birth = no) Ù (Live in Water = yes) ® Fishes
• R3: (Give Birth = yes) Ù (Blood Type = warm) ® Mammals R4: (Give
Birth = no) Ù (Can Fly = no) ® Reptiles
• R5: (Live in Water = sometimes) ® Amphibians
•
• In the rule antecedent, the condition consist of one or more attribute
test(eg:-age=“youth” and student=“yes”) that are logically AND ed.
• The rule consequent contains a class prediction(In this case, we are
predicting whether a customer will buy a computer)
• R1 can also be written as:
R1:(age=“youth”)^(student=yes)=>(buy_s computer=yes)
• Difference between rules and tree!!!!
 The tree has a implied order in which the splitting is performed. Rule
have no order.
A tree is created based on looking at all classes. When generating
rules, only one class must be examined at a time.
Rule Coverage and Accuracy
• Coverage of a rule: Fraction of records that satisfy the antecedent of
a rule.
coverage(R) = ncovers /|D| /* D: training data set */
• Accuracy of a rule : Fraction of records that satisfy both antecedent
and consequent of rule.
accuracy(R) = ncorrect / ncovers
• If a rule is satisfied by x, the rule is said to be triggered.
Problems
• What if more than one rule is satisfied and they belong to different
classes?
• What if no rule is satisfied by X.
Conflict Resolution Strategy:-
• Size ordering
• Rule Ordering
• Size ordering:-
It gives highest priority to the triggering rule that have the “toughest”
requirement.
Toughness is measured by the rule antecedent size
Eg: A1 ^A2->R1
(A1 ^ A2) ^(A3^A4)->R2
• Rule Ordering:
Ordering may be class-based or rule based.
Class based:
oClass based:
The class are sorted in order of decreasing “importance”
All the rules for the most frequent class comes, then the next
frequent and so on.
Alternatively, they may be sorted based on misclassification cost per
class.

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