Java Cheat Sheet

by CommanderJak via cheatography.com/121316/cs/22168/

Primitives - raw data types Except​ion​s/E​rrors (cont) File I/O - data access outside JRE

int (32-bits) short (16) throw commands e be thrown FileIn​put​/Ou​tpu​tSteam read/write bytes
float (32) double (64) useful for testing FileRe​ade​r/W​riter by characters
throw new Excep​tio​‐
char (16) long (64) Buffer​edR​ead​er/​Writer line by line
nTy​pe();
byte (8) boolean (1) Buffe​red​Writer bw = new Buffer​‐
Create by extending Excep​tion
Wrapper Class - object version of primitive, edW​riter (new FileWr​ite​r(".../​‐
Exception class
can convert by un/aut​oboxing jav​a/s​rc/​mai​n/r​eso​urc​es.i​o.t​ex​‐
public Money
Literal - represents a primitive value (d, f, ' ', t"));
Exception{
" ", L)
super("Error Messag​‐
final Keyword
e")};
Strings - immutable, final sequence of
Class cannot be extended
chars try{must have try & catch/​‐
Method cannot be overridden
finally not just try}
String Pool area in Heap that
catch​( E​xce​pti​onType e){ca​tches+ Variable cannot change value
stores String literals to
save memory but only 1 runs}
Terms
final​ly{​always execut​es };
String s1 = draws from same
Catches go from specific exception to Java classe​d-based object​-or​iented
"hi"; memory address
general progra​mming (OOP), write
String s2 =
once run anywhere (WORA),
"hi"; stored in heap not pool
Advanced Operators automatic memory manage​‐
String s3 =
ment, pass by value or copy
new String + Concat​‐ only operator overlo​ading
reference, strong types
enation in Java
("hi​");
IDE Integrated Develo​pment
% Modulus returns reminder (7 % 5 =
String​Builder mutable Enviro​nment
2)
String​Buffer +threa​dsafe Linter auto compiles and catches
! Not returns opposite boolean
Integer Pool - range -128 to 127 errors in IDE
++/-- pre (println(++5)=6)
Reflection allows java to write code at
Increment post (prin​tln​(5+​+)=5)
Array - object holding elements of one API runtime where classes, fields,
type &&/|| And/Or short-​circuit evaluates one methods are treated as objects
side
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3}; Recursion calling a method within itself
& / | And/Or evaluates both sides
int[] numbers = new int[si​ze]; Code how much reachable tested
^ Exclusive both cannot be true Coverage code
int[][] 2dArray = new int[ro​ws]​‐
Or
[co​lumns]
? Ternary (if condit​ion)? return​:else Memory
return
Object Class - everything inherits from MetaSpace unchanging info

.toSt​rin​‐ prints memory address HeapSpace variable content

Access Modifiers
g(); StackSpace method calls/​var​iable
Public all
references
.equa​‐ checks for same memory
Private only class
ls(); address
Prote​cted also children
.hash​Cod​‐ id not guaranteed to be
(Default) only package
e(); unique

Object - an instance of a class Scopes - where does reference extend

Class - blueprint for object
Class static

Except​ion​s/E​rrors Object instance

Method local
Block local

Static { block runs at beginning

Error cannot recover from when class first accessed,
stackoverflow, syntax... initia​liz​ati​on};

Checke​d/C​‐ cannot compile,

ompile compiler sees
FiloIO, SQLExc​ept​ion...
Unchec​ked​/Ru​‐ not required to be
ntime handled
NullPointer, Arithm​etic...
throws throws e to method
caller

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Last updated 26th March, 2020. Measure your website readability!
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