FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.

108)

UNIT 5:
AMBITION
EXERCISE 1: PHONOLOGY – Indicate the word whose underlined parts differ from the other three in
pronunciation. (PRACTICE)
1) A. designer B. developer C. devastate D. devalue
2) A. possess B. locksmith C. model D. costume
3) A. absolute B. probable C. jobless D. debtor
4) A. postgraduate B. degree C. consider D. underestimate
5) A. education B. advantage C. disabled D. relocate
6) A. operator B. solicitor C. pilot D. photographer
7) A. instructor B. assistant C. enthusiastic D. stunt
8) A. negotiate B. university C. ambitious D. impatient
9) A. essential B. pressure C. independent D. marketing
10) A. vegetable B. gadget C. rigid D. engage
EXERCISE 2: PHONOLOGY – Indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress.
1) A. interviewee B. dependable C. evaluation D. entrepreneur
2) A. courageous B. rewarding C. flexible D. ambitious
3) A. assistant B. reception C. performer D. photograph
4) A. thorough B. arrest C. possess D. invest
5) A. creative B. solicit C. programmer D. reliable
6) A. participate B. academic C. recommending D. paramedic
7) A. retailer B. devalue C. variant D. benefit
8) A. grocery B. marketing C. unemployed D. physical
9) A. identity B. operative C. semicircle D. difficulty
10) A. challenge B. annual C. debtor D. postwar
EXERCISE 3: USE OF ENGLISH – Choose the correct answer to complete the following sentences
1) I think everyone will benefit _______ the change of management.
A. from B. onto C. at D. to
2) Gloria is ambitious and wants to _______ more responsibilities; however, I think she has enough work to do
as it is.
A. take in B. get to C. take on D. get up
3) We'd heard so many good things about the Haruyama Inc., but the benefits didn't ______ up to our
expectations at all.
A. grow B. live C. bring D. suit
4) We, a renowned private school, have a good number of ______ qualified teachers so that we can offer a
quality education service.
A. acutely B. severely C. highly D. blandly
5) Applicants should ______ a cover letter and resume no later than November 22 nd if they would like to be
considered for the position.
A. omit B. admit C. permit D. submit
6) The manager is flexible in explaining the gap ______ the union and management opinions.
A. about B. between C. beyond D. from
7) Our volume of sales made our team _______ to the top of 1 percent of sales worldwide.
A. advanced B. advance C. advancing D. advancement
8) He should try _______ a different word document program if he wants it to be able to check spelling and
grammar.
A. use B. used C. uses D. using

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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

9) Please keep checking that applications forms are ______ available at the reception desk.
A. lively B. precisely C. readily D. softly
10) I think we should take a poll rather ______ make a sudden decision.

A. on B. of C. then D. than
11) All food service employees should make washing their hands as a regular ______.

A. convention B. hobby C. tradition D. habit

12) What the two qualified candidates have in ______ is their prior experience related to this job.

A. common B. usual C. frequent D. share

13) The president is expected to be elected again next year, ______ the failure of his economic reform.

A. yet B. nevertheless C. but D. despite

14) Companies in different countries may ______ in their views of which qualifications are appropriate to include

in a CV.
A. alter B. swap C. differ D. adjust
15) If Mr. Langdon _____ assistance contacting the speaker for the conference, I’ll notify you through email.

A. will need B. needs C. need D. needed

16) Nakamura industries and labor union reached an agreement that will improve the ______ work environment.

A. existing B. securing C. occurring D. maintaining

17) This month’s unusually high sales figures have been ______ due to a new marketing strategy.

A. hugely B. largely C. extremely D. immensely

18) Does your government ______ foreign qualifications for school teachers?
A. see B. recognize C. realize D. deduce
19) _______ the computer seemed like a good investment, they decided against it.
A. Although B. Because C. However D. But
20) Please fill out the registration form and ______ it to our office as soon as possible.

A. replace B. return C. revisit D. retrieve

21) Please refer ______ the manual for instructions on operating the machine.

A. for B. from C. to D. of
22) HanBit Bank requires employees to ______ a monthly work-related seminar.

A. attend B. enroll C. go D. participate

23) One ______ of an effective leader is the ability to delegate responsibilities to others.

A. position B. characteristic C. regard D. attempt

24) If the applicant fails to _______ the appointment, there will be no chance to reschedule.

A. carry B. come C. keep D. meet

25) A clean and neatly organized workplace will help workers increase _______.

A. abundance B. execution C. productivity D. creation

26) The director stated that a new rule barring personal phone calls in the workplace would be _______ as of

January 15.
A. effective B. approximate C. acute D. exacting
27) Finally, she gave in her _______ and moved to another country.

A. attention B. request C. notice D. announcement

28) Everyone was able to attend last week’s meeting _______ Mr. Park, who was out of town on a business trip.

A. accept B. expect C. aspect D. except

29) Ms. Suzuki had served _______ the vice-president for 15 years before she was promoted to president.

A. on B. in C. as D. of
30) The school began to go through a difficult period and had to _______ off staff.
A. break B. lay C. give D. put
31) During times when it is difficult to get work, a lot of job seekers _______ on their less obvious skills and

qualifications and search for companies in different areas.

A. seek B. select C. refer D. draw

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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

32) Employees in Northern European countries are accustomed ______ having long vacations.
A. to B. for C. in D. with
33) I am not used to ______ overtime because I may feel tired every day.
A. work B. working C. worked D. works
34) Since 1989, benefits have been calculated ______ a daily basis rather than a weekly basis.
A. on B. by C. with D. at
35) Due to the Covid-19, the teachers ________ the rules and let her take the exam on another day.
A. comply B. sustain C. detain D. bend
36) They are looking for a ________ motivated individual who is a confident communicator.
A. highly B. fully C. greatly D. completely
37) The campaign soon ________ viral and was shared on social media all over the world.
A. took B. put C. went D. came
38) Even though she doesn’t have a great deal of experience, Ms. Chang was hired for a high-paying _______ at
this company.
A. employ B. position C. career D. occupation
39) If the product is adapted to local tastes and preferences, sales _______ dramatically.
A. will increase B. do increase C. would increase D. would have increased
40) Anyone who is unable to attend the staff meeting should let the department head know in _______.
A. advice B. adventure C. advertise D. advance
41) First, determine which software programme will solve your problems; _______, buy a compatible computer.
A. besides B. next C. on the other hand D. therefore
42) _______ Ms. Jimenez can afford to lend you the money, she won’t do it unless you prove you can pay her
back.
A. Even though B. So C. However D. Therefore
43) At the year-end party, we hope to give all our hard-working employees the recognition that they _______.
A. preserve B. reserve C. persevere D. deserve
44) Even though she had a good job with full benefits, she _______ when she got married.
A. gave it to B. gave it out C. gave it away D. gave it up
45) If the postage is incorrect, the package _______ to the sender and a small fee will be charged.
A. was returned B. is going to return C. will be returned D. returns
46) _______ the language barrier, we are confident that we will be able to communicate.
A. As B. Since C. Despite D. Even though
47) We have to move into the new office next month as the current _______ will have moved out by then.
A. applicant B. occupant C. assistant D. defendant
EXERCISE 3: Complete the sentences with the prefixes below.

ex multi sub over under

1) Susan’s divorced but she’s still on good terms with her EX-husband.
2) She didn’t hear the alarm clock and OVERslept.
3) Britain has people from all over the world. It’s a MULTI-racial society.
4) That road is very dangerous. Use the SUBway to get across.
5) The SUBmarine approached the warship unseen.
6) There were too many participants in the room. It was OVERcrowded.
7) The store has OVERcharged me. The price is $8 not $12.
8) Men who once served in the armed services are called EX-servicemen.
9) He’s incredibly rich. He’s certainly a MULTI-millionaire.
10) They have discovered some SUBterranean caves 200 feet down.
11) He needs a good holiday. He’s suffering from OVERwork.
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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

12) They say they’re UNDERpaid and want more money.

13) We SUBestimated the cost of the holiday and ran out of money.
14) There aren’t enough people in the country. It’s UNDERpopulated.
15) Rich nations should give more aid to UNDERdeveloped countries.
16) Kosuke is obese and lazy. It’s because he OVEReats.
17) It needs to be cooked a little more. It’s OVERdone.
18) If we plant the budget carefully, we can prevent the problems of OVERspending.

EXERCISE 4: Complete the sentences with the prefixes below.

co re pre semi post mono non anti

1) The CO-pilot took over the plane’s controls while the captain had a coffee and sandwich.
2) He got his university degree last year. Now he’s doing POSTgraduate studies.
3) The prevent petrol from freezing, put ANTI-freeze in the tank.
4) I’m not PRE-marriage. I think it’s a good custom.
5) Germany and France are CO-operating on the design of a new space-rocket.
6) The teacher told his student to REwrite his bad composition.
7) Libby is three. She goes to a POST-school playgroup every morning.
8) The pupils’ desks were arranged in a SEMI-circle round the teacher.
9) Dinosaurs lived millions of years ago in PREhistoric times.
10) I’m afraid the club is not open to NON-members.
11) Houses in Britain are often built in pairs. They’re called SEMI-detached.
12) Both boys and girls go to that school. It’s NON-educational.
13) The principal POST-war problem was to REbuild the destroyed cities and industries.
14) Most houses need to be REpainted every five to seven years.

EXERCISE 5: PREPOSITIONS – Put one of the following words in each space in the sentences below.

at for in to as of

1) I’m interested IN the position of senior sales manager.

2) What did you study AT university?
3) Judy has applied TO Lufthansa FOR a job AS an office manager.
4) This job advertisement looks interesting. I’ll send IN an application form.
5) Have you filled IN the form yet?
6) You must send IN the form by 20 May.
7) He’s been IN that job for two years.
8) My grandfather retired AT the age of 65.
9) A commission means you get a percentage OF what you sell.
10) The use OF a company car is a nice perk to have.
11) The sixty applicants were reduced TO a short-list of four.
EXERCISE 6: WORD FORMATION – Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in the brackets.
1) Training makes workers highly PRODUCTIVE. (PRODUCT)
2) I've all had a very TIRING day in Yokohama – let’s go to bed. (TIRE)
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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

3) A good teacher encourages DEPENDENCE of thought. (INDEPENDENT)

4) His ENTHUSIASM for paleontology surprises his parents sometimes. (ENTHUSE)
5) There is evidence that a new VARIANT of the disease has recently been found in South Africa. (VARY)
6) Leonard won for his SKILLFUL interpretation of a piece by Mozart. (SKILL)
7) The THOROUGHNESS of the evaluation process we went through was impressive. (THOROUGH)
8) Nurses are _______ and they never enjoy the same status as doctors. (VALUE)
9) Most hotels require confirmation from a PROSPECTIVE guest in writing. (PROSPECT)
10) The AMBITIOUS project was completed in only nine months. (AMBITION)
11) Men and women should have EQUALITY of pay and opportunity. (EQUAL)
12) Men and women are equally gifted with the ENTREPRENEURIAL spirit. (ENTRPRENEUR)
13) An ADVISOR said there was no reason why the two countries should remain at war. (ADVISE)
14) If you are a young and INEXPERIENCED driver, it is worth having comprehensive insurance. (EXPERIENCE)
15) A good teacher is aware of the extremely VARIED needs of each student. (VARY)
16) The RECEIVER of the prizes had their names printed in the paper. (RECEIVE)
17) It was important to me to be FINANCIAL independent of my parents. (FINANCE)
18) The magic show had a lot of audience PARTICIPATED, with people going up on stage. (PARTICIPATE)
19) We will not be hiring anyone else in the FORESEEABLE future. (FORESEE)
20) Prior to starting work, every new EMPLOYEE must take the 2-week training course. (EMPLOY)
21) The FLEXIBILITY of distance learning would be particularly suited to busy managers. (FLEXIBLE)
22) Because the music is simple, REPEATITIVE and easily accessible, no great musical ability is required. (REPEAT)
23) The most precious POSSESSION that ever comes to a man in this world is a woman's heart. (POSSESS)
24) Caring for a disabled child is a CHALLENGE (CHALLENGE) but REWARDING job (REWARD).
25) The hospital has a COMMITMENT to provide the best possible medical care. (COMMIT)
26) A VACANCY for a zookeeper was advertised in the newspaper. (VACANT)
27) You are not entitled to _______ benefit if you have never worked. (EMPLOY)
28) I'm really sorry I'm late, Andrew. I forgot to set my alarm and I OVERSLEPT. (SLEEP)
29) The government wants to create jobs for the EMPLOYED. (EMPLOY)
30) He’s interested in POLITICAL affairs. He might enter Parliament. (POLITICS)
31) The 12 FINALISTS were chosen from more than 250 entries from across the nation. (FINAL)
32) If we put our heads together, we can probably come up with a WORKABLE strategy. (WORK)
33) Friendless and JOBLESS, Eric wondered how he would survive the year ahead. (JOB)
34) Position evaluation and PERFORMING appraisal has importance in reward management. (PERFORM)
35) America has numerous minority groups that argue for equal treatment. (CULTURAL)
36) There have been questions about his QUALIFICATION to lead the company. (QUALIFY)
37) These boots can be ordered direct from the MANUFACTURER. (MANUFACTURE)
38) COOPERATIVE activity is essential to effective community work. (COOPERATE)
39) Most CONSUMERS seem unconvinced that the recession is over. (CONSUME)
40) The difficulties of counting whales make these figures extremely UNRELIABLE. (RELY)
41) DELAYED decisions were blamed on the refusal of the unions to accept pay cuts. (LAY)
42) A book that he considered VALUABLE proved invaluable to the library. (VALUE)
43) She complained, with reason, that she had been UNDERPAID. (PAY)

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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

44) A small percentage reduction in the cost of materials would mean a SIGNIFICANT increase in profit.
(SIGNIFICANCE)
45) I broke up with Luke because he was as POSSESSIVE as a two-year-old. (POSSESS)
EXERCISE 7: Complete the following article with the correct form of the words in the brackets.

DO YOU LIKE YOUR JOB?

Job (1) SAFETY (SATISFY) is an important part of overall happiness in life. It gives workers a strong sense of (2)
ACHIEVEMENTS (ACHIEVE) and success. It indicates that people are doing a job they enjoy, doing it well, and are
being (3) SUITABLY (SUITABLE) reward for their efforts.
It means they have (4) ENTHUSIASM (ENTHUSIAST) for their job and are happy with their working conditions. Happy
workers are also more likely to get a (5) PROMOTION. (PROMOTE).
Sadly, many workers are (6) DISATISFIED (SATISFY) with their jobs. They are less (7) PRODUCTIVE (PRODUCE) and
perform worse than their happier fellow employees. They are less (8) RELIABLE (RELY) and lack motivation. They also
suffer from the “Sunday night blues”, when the thought of returning to work the following day makes them (9)
DEPRESSED (DEPRESS). In fact, research has shown that more than a third of all sick leave is taken on a Monday. (10)
INTERESTINGLY (INTERESTING), the least popular day for sick leave is Friday because the weekend is around the
corner!

(Excerpted from “Close-up B2” Student’s Book – Angela Haelan et al, National Geographic Learning, page 117)
EXERCISE 8: GUIDED CLOZE – Choose the correct answer to complete the following passages

CRITICISM
It can (1) ______ a long time to become successful in your chosen field, however (2) ______ you are. One thing you
have to be (3) ______ of is that you face criticism along the way. The world is (4) ______ of people who would rather
say something negative than positive. If you’ve made up your (5) ______ to achieve a certain goal, such as writing a
novel, don’t let the negative criticism of others (6) ______ you from reaching your target, and let constructive criticism
have a positive (7) ______ on your work. If someone says you’re totally (8) ______ in talent, ignore them. That’s
negative criticism. If, however, someone (9) ______ you to revise your work and gives good reasons for doing so, you
should (10) ______ their suggestions carefully. There are many film stars who were once out of (11) ______. There are
many famous novelists who made a complete (12) ______ of their first novel – or who didn’t, but had to (13) ______
approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it published. Being successful does (14) ______ on luck, to a
certain extent. But things are more likely to (15) ______ well if you persevere and stay positive.
(Excerpted from “Destination B2 – Grammar & Vocabulary” – Malcom Mann et al, Macmillan, page 178)
1) A. be B. have C. take D. do
2) A. talented B. invested C. mixed D. workable
3) A. alert B. clever C. intelligent D. aware
4) A. overflowing B. full C. filled D. packed
5) A. mind B. brain C. thought D. idea
6) A. cease B. remove C. avoid D. prevent
7) A. outcome B. result C. effect D. consequence
8) A. lacking B. short C. missing D. absent
9) A. suggests B. advises C. proposes D. explains
10) A. think B. consider C. look round D. take
11) A. career B. business C. job D. work
12) A. mess B. rubbish C. trash D. garbage
13) A. put off B. bank on C. keep on D. trust
14) A. require B. need C. depend D. drop in on
15) A. turn out B. come into C. deal with D. sail through

EXERCISE 9: READING COMPREHENSION – Read the below letter and answer the following questions.

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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

3515 Futako Ave

Setagaya District, Tokyo
March 10, 2022
Human Resources Director
ABC Roadrunners Store
4985 Denentoshi Boulevard
Chuo District, Osaka

Dear Human Resources Director:

I am writing to recommend most highly Kazuhiro Toge, who has applied for a position in your company.
I have known Mr. Toge for approximately three years. During his time, I supervised his performance as a clerk in the
sporting goods section of the Futako Avenue of Montbell Department Store in Tokyo. Mr. Toge is an honest,
hardworking and reliable employee. He dealt with customers in a knowledgeable, professional, and friendly manner. He
was always patient and rarely let even the most trying customers or situations get the better of him. In addition, he
works well independently and is certainly capable of supervising other employees. In fact, he was close to being
promoted to a managerial position when he left the company.
We at Montbell Department Store will miss him, but understand that personal goals have taken him to Osaka, and we
wish him all the best in his future endeavours there. I can confidently predict that you will be very satisfied with his
performance at your company. If you have any questions, you contact me at the above address.
Sincerely,
Shin Okuno
Manager, Sporting Goods

1) What characteristic best describes Mr. Toge?

A. dependable B. punctual C. strict D. athletic
2) In what does Mr. Toge have previous selling experience?
A. gourmet foods B. stereo equipment
C. plants and flowers D. athletic equipment
3) Where might Mr. Toge get a job?
A. Chuo District, Osaka B. Setagaya District, Tokyo
C. Montbell Department Store D. Futako Avenie
4) The underlined word “endeavours” has the closest in meaning to
A. adventure B. attempt C. profession D. occupation
5) If can be inferred from the letter that
A. Mr. Toge has been working at Montbell Department Store for three years.
B. Mr. Toge changed his job because he did not get a promotion.
C. Mr. Toge’s performance has mainly been supervised by Mr. Shin.
D. Mr. Toge moved to another city because he just got married.

EXERCISE 10: READING COMPREHENSION – Read the below advertisement and answer the questions.

VOCATIONAL ADVISOR
Community College of Mircronesia seeks a qualified advisor to join our vocational education program’s advising team.
Advisor must counsel students enrolled in a program serving 350 students each semester and offer support with studies,
career counselling, and job placement opportunities. A knowledge of Micronesia and island economies is a plus.
Applicant must be able to speak English and Spanish, hold a Master degree in counselling, education, or related field and
have minimum of two years’ counselling experience, preferably in a secondary or postsecondary education setting. We
offer a competitive salary, housing allowance, paid vacation, health and life insurance, and professional development
opportunities. Interested applications should send résumé and names of three references to:
Dr. Bill Tanaka
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Vocational Education
Community College of Micronesia
Colonia, Pohnpei 998723
1) The underlined word “seeks” in the first line has the cloest in meaning to
A. loses B. looks for C. likes D. encourages
2) What is NOT a requirement for this position?
A. two-year experience in guidance position
B. a postgraduate degree in education
C. the ability to speak Spanish.
D. knowledge of economics
3) Who would be the most qualified for this position?
A. An economics instructor B. A psychologist
C. A secondary school supervisor D. A postgraduate student
4) What is the minimum educational background required in order to apply for this position?
A. bachelor degree B. master degree
C. doctoral degree D. high school diploma
5) Which benefit is NOT provided by the Community College?
A. high salary B. meal allowance C. housing support D. paid leave

EXERCISE 11: READING COMPREHENSION – Read the below passage and answer the questions.

EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT AND THE EMPLOYEE REVIEW

<A> The manager’s job is to make sure the business is running well. Workers are the most valuable asset of a
company. They have to be doing their best for the business to be doing its best. So, managers have to make sure
workers are doing their best. To do this, they have to be good leaders.
<B> Good leaders should understand why some people work hard and some don’t. [1]. Then they can provide
motivation for workers. [2] Money is not the only motivation for workers. [3]. Workers want to know that they are
appreciated. They want to feel like they are part of the company’s success. [4]
<C> Managers need to enhance worker-manager relations. One way is to do brief interviews every three months. This
allows managers to compile information. Workers can express their attitudes toward certain policies. Then they feel like
they are being listened to. This makes them likely to be more cooperative.
<D> [5] It is important that workers know the purpose of the interview. If they think it is an evaluation they will
perform differently. [6]. The fear of termination can affect their level of honesty. [7]. They should see the interview as a
chance to express themselves. [8]. Then it will be more productive.
(Excerpted from “Basic skills for the TOEFL iBT 3” – Moraig Macgillivray et al, Compass Publishing, page 40)
A – Number each paragraph with the correct main idea or purpose
1) How a manager can be a good leader [B]
2) Why a manager should be a good leader [A]
3) The importance of workers’ perceptions of the purpose of the interview [D]
4) Why regular interviews are a good idea [C]
B – Read the passage again and answer the following questions
1) Managers should be good leaders in order to
A. know if workers are performing well.
B. identify the potential risks of the company.
C. solve financial problems of the company.
D. provide pay rise to all workers.
2) What is expected to be provided by leaders to their workers?
A. salary B. challenge C. motivation D. honesty
3) The underlined word “appreciated” in paragraph [B] can be best replaced by
A. apologised B. motivated C. evaluated D. recognised

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FG(10) – Unit 5: Ambition Teacher-in-charge: Nguyen Thuy Lien (0903.141.108)

4) What is a method to improving relations between worker and manager?

A. regular interview B. daily monitoring
C. frequent company trip D. labour contract renewal
5) What can be suggested about interviews conducted every three months?
A. They are always costly and time-consuming.
B. They encourage cooperation between workers and managers.
C. They underestimate workers’ ability.
D. They allow workers to collect information about the company.
6) Look at the four numbers, [1], [2], [3], [4] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the
passage. Where should the sentence best fit?
“If they feel that way, they will work harder to make sure the company succeeds”
A. [1] B. [2] C. [3] D. [4]
7) Look at the four numbers, [5], [6], [7], [8] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the
passage. Where should the sentence best fit?
“If the workers and managers aren’t working together in the interview, it will be a waste of time.”
A. [5] B. [6] C. [7] D. [8]