GOODMORNING
EVERYONE!
BATANGENYO!
In this activity, students will participate in a
guessing game where one student will have a
word to guess, while others will provide clues
to help them guess the word correctly.
PROCESS OF
VOLCANIC
ERUPTION
OBJECTIVES
Explain the process of volcanic eruption;
Determine the volcanic hazards and their
effects
Recognize the precautionary measure
before, during, and after volcanic eruption
ACTIVITY 2: BATANGENYO, THE SEQUEL!
DIRECTIONS: ARRANGE THE PROCESS OF
VOLCANIC ERUPTION INTO CORRECT
USING NUMBERS.
PROCESS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION
1. The continuous melting of solid rocks and
accumulation of additional magma push it to the vent
of a volcano, called magma chamber. Magma contains
dissolved gases mostly water vapor, carbon dioxide,
and sulfur dioxide.
PROCESS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION
2. As dissolved gases are released from the
magma, bubbles will begin to form through
the process called vesiculation.
PROCESS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION
3. In decompression, the confining pressure
is lowered when magma rises which
promotes bubble formation. This process is
similar to bubble formation in soda bottles
when opened.
PROCESS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION
4. In the process of crystallization of anhydrous
minerals, the vapor pressure of the residual liquid of
the cooling magma increases leading to
vesiculation. Bubbles frozen in a porous or frothy
volcanic rock are called vesicles. Both
decompression and crystallization can trigger an
explosive eruption.
PROCESS OF VOLCANIC ERUPTION
5. As the magma reaches the Earth’s surface
it explodes due to the presence of dissolved
gases. The type of explosion of a volcano is
dependent on the composition of magma.
VOLCANIC
HAZARDS AND
THEIR EFFECTS
ASH FALL
PULVERIZED ROCKS, SAND,
GRITTY AND HARSH
GLASSES SHOOT OUT IN THE
AIR BY VOLCANO.
MUD FLOW
MIXTURE OF WATER,
MOLTEN ROCKS AND DEBRIS
FLOWING DOWN FROM THE
SIDE OF VOLCANO TO THE
GROUND. IT IS ALSO CALLED
AS LAHAR.
LAVA FLOW
STREAMS OF MOLTEN
ROCKS AND OTHER
FRAGMENTED
MATERIALS EMITTED BY
ERUPTING VOLCANO.
PYROCLASTIC FLOW
FAST MOVING HOT
MIXTURES OF GAS, ASH,
AND MOLTEN ROCKS
MOVING AWAY FROM THE
VOLCANO TO THE GROUND.
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
volcanic ash produces
very fertile soil, ideal
for farming
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
steams and water
from volcanoes can be
used to supply heat
and electricity
Larana University | 2024
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
volcanic rock makes
good building
material
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
volcanoes, geysers
and bubbling pools
make good tourist
attractions
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
valuable minerals and
metals are found near
volcanic sites
WHY DO PEOPLE LIVE NEAR VOLVANOES?
land is inexpensive
and available for
development
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
BEFORE
Know the facts about volcanoes in your area like
danger zones and history of eruptions.
Know the location of designated evacuation site.
Listen to the announcement of your authorities.
Stock clean and safe drinking water and other food
supplies.
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
DURING
Stay inside your homes and keep doors and windows close.
Secure you water and food supplies.
Wear mask, eye googles or face shield if you need to go
out.
Do not go near the danger zones.
Listen to the news via television or radio devices.
Obey the evacuation orders of the authorities.
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
AFTER
Assess the situation if it is safe to go out.
Check the perimeter of your house for any possible
damage.
Clean and remove the volcanic ashes in the roof, gutters,
and windows.
Replace contaminated water and food supplies.
Stay updated in news and announcements from your
authorities.
IMAGINE YOU LIVE IN A COMMUNITY
SITUATED NEAR AN ACTIVE VOLCANO.
DESPITE THE POTENTIAL RISKS, PEOPLE
CONTINUE TO RESIDE IN THIS AREA. WHY DO
PEOPLE CHOOSE TO LIVE NEAR VOLCANOES?
DIRECTIONS: CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE BEST ANSWER. WRITE THE
CHOSEN LETTER ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER.
1. An impending vulcanic eruption is observed near the crater
of Taal volcano. Why does the formation of bubbles in magma
leads to vesiculation as observed in the nearby station?
A) because there is an increase in pressure
B) Decrease in pressure
C) Increase in temperature
D) Decrease in temperature
2. Which of the following gases is NOT
commonly found dissolved in magma?
A) Water vapor
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Sulfur dioxide
3. How will you determine that the hazard is Pyroclastic flow?
A) By observing the fast-moving hot mixtures of gas, ash, and
molten rocks moving away from the volcano to the ground
B) By fast-moving mixture of water, volcanic debris, and
sediment that flows down the slopes of a volcano during or after
an eruption.
C) fine particles of pulverized rock and glass, are ejected into the
atmosphere during an eruption and then fall back to the ground.
D) refers to the movement of molten rock (lava) down the slopes
of a volcano during an eruption.
4. After a volcanic eruption, the long term effect can
lead to global cooling, ozone destruction, and air
pollution. Which of the following is the cause of these
climatic change?
A) Ash fall
B) Mud flow (Lahar)
C) Lava flow
D) Dispersal of sulfur dioxide
5. What precautionary measure should be taken
AFTER a volcanic eruption to ensure safety?
A) Stay inside homes with doors and windows
closed
B) Assess the situation and check for damages
C) Wear masks and goggles when going outside
D) Listen to news via television or radio devices
THANK YOU
