2020

10 MATHS th

PREVIOUS YEAR
SOLVED
QUESTION PAPERS
2015 - 2016  DELHI - ALL INDIA - FOREIGN

This book contains previous three years solved question papers

of Mathematics for CBSE 10th BOARD EXAMS.

 Years 2015 - 2016 solved question papers.

 Delhi - All India - Foreign: Three question papers for each year.
 Contains 6 solved question papers.

www.studysmartcbse.com
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2015
[All India Set- I, II, III]

Time Allowed – 3 Hours Maximum Marks - 90

General Instructions

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four
sections A, B, C and D.
(iii) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 6
questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3
marks each and Section D contains 11 questions of 4 marks each.
(iv) Use of calculators is not permitted.

SET 1

1. If the quadratic equation px2 - 2√5px + 15 = 0 has two equal roots, then find
the value of p.

Sol. For equal roots, D=0

 (-2√5) – 4  p × 15 = 0
2

20 – 60p= 0
p=

2. In Figure 1, a tower AB is 20 m high and BC, its shadow on the ground, is

20√3 m long. Find the Sun’s altitude.
A
A

C Fig. 1 B
A
Sol. Let Sun’s altitude = 𝜃 = ACB
 tan 𝜃 =

tan 𝜃 = = 𝜃 = 300 𝜃
√ √
C B

3. Two different dice are tossed together. Find the probability that the
product of the two numbers on the top of the dice is 6.

Sol. Total number of outcomes = 36

Let A be the event such that
A = Product of the numbers on the top of the dice is 6.
 Favorable outcomes (1,6), (2,3), (3,2), (6,1)
 P(A) = =

4. In Figure 2, PQ is a chord of a circle with centre O and PT is a tangent. If

QPT = 60◦, Find PRQ.

X PP T
Fig. 2
Sol. XPQ + QPT = 180° (linear pair)
 XPQ + 60° = 180°
 XPQ = 120°
Now XPQ = PRQ [Angle made by a Q
chord with a
tangent is equal to O●
angle subtended by
the chord in
alternate segment] R
∴ PRQ = 120° ● ●
X P T

5. In Figure 3, two tangents RQ and RP are drawn from an external point R

to the circle with centre O. If PRQ = = 120°, then prove that OR = PR +
RQ.

O● R

Fig 3
Sol. OR bisects PRQ
∴ PRQ = QRO = 60°
In right ∆OPR (∵ OP ⊥ PR)
= cos 60° P
⟹ OR = 2PR …(𝑖)

Similarly = O
O R

⟹ OR = 2QR …(𝑖𝑖)
Q
 (i) + (ii), we get
2OR = 2PR + 2QR
⟹ OR = PR = RQ

6. In Figure 4, a triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 3 cm,

such that the segments BD and DC are respectively of lengths 6 cm and 9
cm. If the area of ∆ABC is 54 cm2, then find the lengths of sides AB and
AC.

O
●
3
3 cm
cm

B D C
6 cm 9 cm
Fig 4
Sol. Let AF = x cm

∵ AF = AE [tangents from A]
∴ AE = x
Also BD = BF = 6 cm
And CD = CE = 9 cm
∴ AB = (6 + x) cm and AC = (9 + x) cm A
Area ∆ABC = Area ∆BOC + Area ∆COA + Area ∆AOB
⟹ 54 = BC × OD + AC × OE + AB × OF
F E
⟹ 54 × 2 = 15 × 3 + (6+x) × 3 + (9 + x)3 O
108 = 45 + 18 + 3x +27+3x O
6x = 18 ⟹ x = 3
⟹ AB = 6 + x = 6 + 3 = 9 cm B C
D
AC = 9 + x = 9 +3 = 12 cm

7. Solve the following quadratic equation for x:

4𝑥 + 4𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
Sol. 4𝑥 + 4𝑏𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
D = (4𝑏) − 4 × 4 × [−(𝑎 − 𝑏 )]
= 16𝑏 + 16𝑎 − 16𝑏 = 16𝑎
±√ ± ( ± ) ±
∴ 𝑥= ×
= = =

8. In an AP, if S5 +S7 = 167 and S10 = 235, then find the AP, where Sn denotes
the sum of its first n terms.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = a
And common difference = d
Now S5 + S7 = 167
 ⟹ (2𝑎 + 4𝑑) + (2𝑎 + 6𝑑) = 167
⟹ 5𝑎 + 10𝑑 + 7𝑎 + 21𝑑 = 167
⟹ 12𝑎 + 31𝑑 = 167
Also S10 = 235
⟹ (2𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 235 ⟹ 2𝑎 + 9𝑑 = 47
⟹ 6(2𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 6 × 47
⟹ 12𝑎 + 54𝑑 = 282
(𝑖) − (𝑖𝑖) we get
12𝑎 + 31𝑑 = 167
12𝑎 + 54𝑑 = 282
− − −
−23𝑑 = −115
d=5
Where d = 5, (i) becomes
12𝑎 + 155 = 167 ⟹ 𝑎 = 1
AP is 1, 6, 11, …

9. The points A(4, 7), B(p, 3) and C(7, 3) are the vertices of a right triangle,
right-angled at B. Find the value of p.
Sol. AC = 3 + (−4) = 5
AB = (𝑝 − 4) + 16
BC = (𝑝 − 7) + 0
Now AC = AB + BC A(4, 7)
25 = (𝑝 − 4) + 16 + (𝑝 − 7)
25 = 𝑝 − 8𝑝 + 16 + 16 + 𝑝 − 14𝑝 + 49
2𝑝 − 22𝑝 + 56 = 0
⟹ 𝑝 − 11𝑝 + 28 = 0
(𝑝 − 4)(𝑝 − 7) = 0 ⟹ 𝑝 = 4 or 𝑝 = 7
If 𝑝 = 7 the B = (7, 3)
It coincide with C B(p, 3) C(7, 3)
∴ 𝑝≠7
Hence, 𝑝=7

10. Find the relation between x and y if the points A(x, y), B(-5, 7) and C(-4, 5)
are collinear.
Sol. ∵ A, B and C are collinear.
∴ 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) = 0
𝑥(7 − 5) + (−5)(5 − 𝑦) + (−4)(𝑦 − 7) = 0
2𝑥 − 25 + 5𝑦 − 4𝑦 + 28 = 0
⟹ 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3 = 0

11. The 14th term of an AP is twice its 8th term. If its 6th term is -8, then find
the sum of its first 20 terms.
Sol. Let 1st term of AP= a and common difference = d
A.T.Q. 𝑎 = 2𝑎
⟹ 𝑎 + 13𝑑 = 2(𝑎 + 7𝑑) ⟹ 𝑎 = −𝑑
 Also 𝑎 = −8 ⇒ 𝑎 + 5𝑑 = −8
⟹ −𝑑 + 5𝑑 = −8 ⇒ 𝑑 = −2
⟹ 𝑎=2
𝑆 = (2 × 2 + 19 × −2)
= 10 × (−34) = −340

12. Solve for 𝑥:

√3𝑥 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
Sol. √3𝑥 − 2√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
√3𝑥 − 3√2𝑥 + √2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0
√3𝑥 𝑥 − √6 + √2 𝑥 − √6 = 0
(𝑥 − √6) √3𝑥 + √2 = 0
√
𝑥 = √6, 𝑥 =
√

13. The angle of elevation of an aeroplane from a point A on the ground is 60°.
After a flight of 15 seconds, the angle of elevation changes to 30°. If the
aeroplane is flying at a constant height of 1500√3m, find the speed of the
plane in km/hr.
Sol. Let plane be at P. After 15 seconds it reaches at Q
∴ Distance covered in 15 seconds = PQ
In right ∆PBA, = tan 60°
√
= √3 ⟹ 𝐴𝐵 = 1500𝑚
In right ∆QCA, P 15 SECONDS Q
√
= tan 30° ⇒ =
√
⟹ AC = 4500 m
BC = AC – AB = 3000 m 1500√3
1500√3
Also PQ = BC
∴ PQ = 3000 m 60°
30°
Speed = A B C

= m/s = 200 m/s

= 200 × km/hr = 720 km/hr

14. If the coordinates of points A and B are (-2, -2) and (2, -4) respectively,
find the coordinates of P such that AP = AB, where P lies on the line
segment AB. P
Sol. ● ● ●
A(-2, 2) (x, y) B(2, -4)

AP = AB ⇒ AP: PB = 3: 4
⟹ P divides AB in the ration 3:4
× ×( )
∴𝑥 coordinates of P = =
 ×( ) ×( )
𝑦 coordinate of P = =
∴ Coordinates of P are ,

15. The probability of selecting a red ball at random from a jar that contains
only red, blue and orange balls is . The probability of selecting a blue ball
at random from the same jar is . If the jar contains 10 orange balls, find
the total number of balls in the jar.
Sol. Let number of red balls in the jar = 𝑥
And number of blue balls in the jar = 𝑦
∴ Total number of balls in the jar = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 10
Probability of selecting red ball =

⟹ = ⟹ 4𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 10
3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 10 …(𝑖)
Also =
⟹ 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 10 = 3𝑦 ⟹ 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 10 …(𝑖𝑖)
Putting 𝑥 = 2𝑦 − 10 in equation (𝑖)
we get 3(2𝑦 − 10) − 𝑦 = 10
6𝑦 − 30 − 𝑦 = 10 ⟹ 𝑦 = 8
When 𝑦 = 8, equation (𝑖𝑖) becomes
𝑥 = 2 × 8 − 10 ⟹ 𝑥 = 6
∴ Total number of balls in the jar = 6 + 8 + 10 = 24

16. Find the area of the minor segment of a circle of radius 14 cm, when its
central angle is 60°. Also find the area of the corresponding major
segment. [Use 𝜋 = ]
Sol. In ∆AOB, ∠AOB = 60°

Also AO = BO
∴∆AOB is an equilateral ∆.
√
Area of equilateral ∆AOB= × 14 × 14 = 49√3 cm2
OO
Area of sector AOB = × 𝜋 × 14 × 14
30°
60°
= × × 14 × 14 = cm2
A B
Area of minor segment = − 49√3 cm2
Area of circle = 𝜋𝑟 = × 14 × 14 = 616cm2
Area of major segment = 616 − − 49√3 cm2

= + 49√3 cm2
17. Due to sudden floods, some welfare associations jointly requested the
government to get 100 tents fixed immediately and offered to contribute
50% of the cost. If the lower part of each tent is of the form of a cylinder of
diameter 4.2 m and height 4 m with the conical upper part of same
diameter but of height 2.8 m, and the canvas to be uses costs 100 per
sq.m, find the amount, the associations will have to pay. What values are
shown by these associations?
[Use π = ]
Sol. Height of cylinder = 4 m
Radius = 2.1 m
Curved surface area of cylinder = 2𝜋𝑟ℎ = 2 × × 2.1 × 4 = 52.8 𝑚
Radius of cone = 2.1 m, height of cone = 2.8 m.
Let slant height = l
∴ l= (2.1) + (2.8) = 3.5 𝑚
2.8 m
Curved surface area of cone = 𝜋𝑟𝑙
= × 2.1 × 3.5
4.2 m
= 23.1 m2 4m
Area of canvas required for 100 tents = 52.8 + 23.1
= 75.9 m2
Canvas required for 100 tents = 100 × 75.9
= 7590 m2
Total cost = Rs.(7590 × 100) = Rs. 759000
Amount to be paid by association = × 759000 = 3795000
Care for the society.

18. A hemispherical bowl of internal diameter 36 cm contains liquid. This

liquid is filled into 72 cylindrical bottles of diameter 6 cm. Find the height
of the each bottle, if 10% liquid is wasted in this transfer.
Sol. Radius of hemispherical bowl = 18 cm
Volume of liquid in bowl = 𝜋𝑟
= 𝜋 × 18 × 18 × 18 = 3888𝜋 𝑐𝑚
Liquid wasted = × 3888𝜋 𝑐𝑚
Liquid transferred into bottles = 3888𝜋 − 𝜋
= 𝜋 𝑐𝑚
Radius of bottle = 3 cm
Let height = 𝑥 cm
∴ Volume of one bottle = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
=𝜋 ×3×3×𝑥
= 9𝜋𝑥 𝑐𝑚

Volume of 72 bottles = 72 × 9𝜋𝑥 𝑐𝑚

= 648𝜋𝑥 𝑐𝑚
A.T.Q. 648𝜋𝑥 = 𝜋
 𝑥= ×
= 5.4 𝑐𝑚

19. A cubical block of side 10 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the

largest diameter that the hemisphere can have? Find the cost of painting
the total surface area of the solid so formed, at the rate of 5 per 100 sq.
cm. [Use π = 3.14]
Sol. Largest diameter of hemisphere = 10 cm
∴ Radius = 5 cm
Total surface area of the solid = Surface area of cube + Curved surface area
of hemisphere – Area of base of hemisphere
= 6 × 10 + 2 × 3.14 × 5 × 5 − 3.14 𝑥 5 𝑥 5
= 600 + 78.5 = 678.5 𝑐𝑚
. ×
Total cost = ≈ 33.92

20. 504 cones, each of diameter 3.5 cm and height 3 cm, are melted and recast
into a metallic sphere. Find the diameter of the sphere and hence find its
surface area. [Use π = ]
Sol. Volume of one cone = ×π𝑟 ℎ
. . .
= 𝜋× × × 3 𝑐𝑚 = 𝜋 𝑐𝑚

.
∴ Volume of 504 cones = 504 × 𝜋 𝑐𝑚
= 1543.5𝜋 𝑐𝑚
∴ Volume of sphere = 1543.5𝜋 𝑐𝑚
𝜋𝑟 = 1543.5𝜋 𝑐𝑚
. . ×
⟹ 𝑟 = = 1157.625
𝑟 = √1157.625 = 10.5 𝑐𝑚
Surface area of sphere = 4𝜋𝑟
=4× × 10.5 × 10.5 𝑐𝑚
= 1386 cm2

21. The diagonal of a rectangular field is 16 metres more than the shorter side.
If the longer side is 14 metres more than the shorter side, then find the
length of the sides of the field.
Sol. Let Let shorter side = 𝑥 cm C
∴ Diagonal = (𝑥 + 16) 𝑚
And longer side = (𝑥 + 14) 𝑚
X + 16
Now (𝑥 + 16) = (𝑥 + 14) + 𝑥 X
𝑥 + 32𝑥 + 256 = 𝑥 + 28𝑥 + 196 + 𝑥
⟹ 𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 60 = 0
(𝑥 − 10)(𝑥 + 6) = 0 A X + 14 B
𝑥 = 10 or 𝑥 = −6
Rejecting 𝑥 = −6
When 𝑥 = 10
Shorter side = 10 m, diagonal = 26 m and longer side = 24 m
22. Find the 60th term of the AP 8, 10, 12, …, if it has a total of 60 terms and
hence find the sum of its last 10 terms.
Sol. AP is 8, 10, 12, …
a = 8, d = 2 𝑎 = 𝑎 + 59𝑑
= 8 + 59 × 2
= 8 + 118 = 126
𝑆 = (𝑎 + 𝑎 ) = 30(8 + 126)
= 30 × 134 = 4020
𝑆 = (2𝑎 + 49𝑑) = 25(16 + 49 × 2)
= 25(114) = 2850
Sum of last 10 terms = 𝑆 − 𝑆
= 4020 − 2850
= 1170

23. A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 54 km and then
travels a distance of 63 km at an average of 6 km/h more than the first
speed. If it takes 3 hours to complete the total journey, what is its first
speed?
Sol. Let average speed of the train = x km
Distance = 54 km
∴ Time taken = hr
Also distance = 63 km
And speed = (x+6) km/hr
∴ Time taken = hr
A.T.Q.
54 63
+ =3
𝑥 𝑥+6
( )
⟹
( )
=3
⟹ 54𝑥 + 324 + 63𝑥 = 3(𝑥 + 6𝑥)
⟹ 117𝑥 + 324 = 3𝑥 + 18𝑥
⟹ 3𝑥 − 99𝑥 − 324 = 0
⟹ 𝑥 − 33𝑥 − 108 = 0
(𝑥 − 36)(𝑥 + 3) = 0
⟹ 𝑥 = 36 or 𝑥 = −3
∴ First speed = 36 km/hr

24. Prove that the lengths of the tangents drawn from an external point to a
circle are equal.

Sol. Given: A circle C(O, r), P is a point outside the circle and PA and PB are
tangents to a circle.
To Prove: PA = PB
A
Construction: Draw OA, OB and OP.
Proof: Consider triangles OAP and OBP.
∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90° …(𝑖) O
OA= OB (radius) …(𝑖𝑖) P
OP is common …(𝑖𝑖𝑖)
B
 ∴ ∆OAP ≅ ∆OBP (RHS) [from(𝑖), (𝑖𝑖), (𝑖𝑖𝑖)]
⟹ AP = BP (cpct)

25. Prove that the tangent drawn at the mid-point of an arc of a circle is
parallel to the chord joining the end points of the arc.
Sol. Given: AB∥XY
Join OA and OB
Here
∠AOP = ∠BOP O
O
OA = OB, OC = OC
∴ ∆ACO ≅ ∆BCO (SAS)
C
⟹ AC = BC (CPCT) A B
⟹ OC ⊥ AB X P Y
(line joining mid-point of chord
with centre of the circle is perpendicular to the chord)
Also ∠OPY = 90°
⟹ ∠OCB = ∠OPY these are corresponding angles
∴ AB ∥ XY

26. Construct a ∆ABC in which AB = 6 cm, ∠A = 30° and ∠B = 60°. Constuct

another ∆AB’C’ similar to ∆ABC with base AB’ = 8 cm.
Sol.
C’
C

30° 60°
A B’
6 cm B
8 cm

27. At a point A, 20 metres above the level of water in a lake, the angle of
elevation of a cloud is 30°. The angle of depression of the reflection of the
cloud in the lake, at A is 60°. Find the distance of the cloud from A.
 C

A 30° D
60°
20 m 20 m
B
E

X+ 20

R
Sol. Let C be cloud and R its reflections.
∠DAC = 30°, ∠DAR = 60°, let CD = x m
∴ Height of the cloud above the lake = (x + 20) m
∴ ER = (20 + x) m.
Now In right ∆ADC,
= tan 30°
⟹ = ⟹ AD=√3𝑥
√
Now In right ∆ADR,
𝐷𝑅
= tan 60°
𝐴𝐷
⟹ =√3

⟹ = √3
√
40 + 𝑥 = 3𝑥
⟹ 𝑥 = 20 m
Now In right ∆ADC
= cosec 30°
⟹ =2
⟹ AC = 40 m
∴ Distance of the cloud from A = 40 m

28. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find
the probability that the card drawn is
(𝑖) a card of spade or an ace.
(𝑖𝑖) a black king.
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) neither a jack nor a king
(𝑖𝑣) either a king or a queen

Sol. Total no. of outcomes = 52

A = Card is spade or an ace
Cards favourable to A = 13 + 3 = 16
 ∴ P(A) = =
B = Card is black king
No. of black kings = 2
∴ P(B) = =
C = Card is neither a jack nor a king
No. of favourable cards to C = 52 – 4 – 4 = 44
∴ P(C) = =
D = Card is either a king or a queen
No. of cards favourable to D = 4 + 4 = 8
∴ P(D) = =

29. Find the values of k so that the area or triangle with vertices (1, -1), (-4, 2k)
and (-k, -5) is 24 sq. units.
Sol. Area of ∆ = 24
⟹ |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )| = 24
|1(2𝑘 + 5) − 4(−5 + 1) − 𝑘(−1 − 2𝑘)| = 48
⟹ |2𝑘 + 5 + 16 + 𝑘 + 2𝑘 | = 48
⟹ |2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 21| = 48
⟹ 2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 21 = ±48
⟹ 2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 21 = 48 Or 2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 21 = −48
2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 27 = 0 2𝑘 + 3𝑘 + 69 = 0
2𝑘 + 9𝑘 − 6𝑘 − 27 = 0 D= (3) − 4 × 2 × 69
𝐾(2𝑘 + 9) − 3(2𝑘 + 9) = 0 = −ve
(2𝑘 + 9)(𝑘 − 3) = 0 ∴ No solution
𝑘= or 𝑘 = 3
⟹ 𝑘= or 𝑘 = 3

30. In Figure 5, PQRS is a square lawn with side PQ = 42 metres. Two circular
flower beds are there on the sides PS and QR with centre at O, the
intersection of its diagonals. Find the total area of the two flower beds
(shaded parts).
S R
Sol. Here PR = PQ + QR
PR = (42) + (42)
⟹ PR = 42√2 m
⟹ PO =
√
= 21√2 m
O
°
Area of sector POS = °
× 𝜋(21√2)
= × × 21 × 21 × 2 P Q
=693 m2 Fig. 5

Area of ∆POS = PO × OS (∵ PO ⊥ OS)

= × 21√2 × 21√2 = 441 m2
∴ Area of one flower bed = 693 - 441 = 252 m2
 ⟹ Area of two flower bed = 2 × 252 = 504 m2

31. From each end of a solid metal cylinder, metal was scooped out in
hemispherical form of same diameter. The height of the cylinder is 10 cm
and its base is of radius 4.2 cm. The rest of the cylinder is melted and
converted into a cylindrical wire of 1.4 cm thickness. Find the length of the
wire. [Use π = ]
Sol. Radius of hemisphere = 4.2 cm
Volume of hemisphere = 𝜋𝑟
= 𝜋 × (4.2) cm3
= 49.392𝜋 cm3
∴ Volume of 2 hemispheres = 2 × 49.392𝜋 cm3
= 98.784𝜋 cm3
Height of cylinder = 10 cm
Radius = 4.2 cm
∴ Volume of cylinder = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= 𝜋 × (4.2) × 10 = 176.4𝜋
∴ Volume of metal left = 176.4𝜋 − 98.784𝜋
= 77.616𝜋 cm3
Radius of wire = 0.7 cm
Let length of wire = 𝑥
Volume of wire = π× 0.7 × 0.7 ×𝑥
= 0.49𝜋𝑥 cm3
⟹ 0.49𝜋𝑥 = 77.616𝜋
⟹ 𝑥 = 158.4 cm
∴ Length of wire = 158.4 cm

SET-II [UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-1]

10. If A(4, 3), B(-1, y) and C(3, 4) are the vertices of right triangle ABC, right-
angled at A, then find the value of y.
Sol. BC = (3 + 1) + (4 − y) = 16 + (4 − 𝑦)
AB = (−1 − 4) + (y − 3) = 25 + (𝑦 − 3)
AC = (4 − 3) + (3 − 4) = 2
Also BC = AB + AC
⟹ 16 + (4 − 𝑦) = 25 + (𝑦 − 3) + 2 C(3, 4)
16 + 16 + 𝑦 − 8𝑦 = 25 + 𝑦 − 6𝑦 + 9 + 2
−2𝑦 = 4
⟹ 𝑦 = −2

18. All the vertices of a rhombus lie on a circle. Find

the area of the rhombus, if the area of the circle is
1256 cm2. [Use π = A(4, 3) B(-1, y)
3.14]
Sol. Diagonal of a rhombus are perpendicular bisector
of each other.
 ∴ Each diagonal is diameter of the circle.
Now area of circle = 1256 cm2
⟹ π𝑟 = 1256 D
𝑟 =
⟹ 𝑟 = .
= 400
⟹ 𝑟 = 20cm
∴ Diameter of the circle = 40 cm A C
⟹ Each diagonal of the rhombus = 40 cm
Area of rhombus = 𝑑 × 𝑑
= × 40 × 40
= 800 cm2 B

19. Solve for 𝑥:

2𝑥 + 6√3𝑥 − 60 = 0
2𝑥 + 10√3𝑥 − 4√3𝑥 − 60 = 0
2𝑥(𝑥 + 5√3) − 4√3(𝑥 + 5√3) = 0
(𝑥 + 5√3)(2𝑥 − 4√3) = 0
𝑥 + 5√3) = 0 or 2𝑥 − 4√3) = 0
√
𝑥 = −5√3 or 𝑥= = 2√3

20. The 16th term of an AP is five times its third term. If its 10th term is 41, then
find the sum of its first fifteen terms.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = 𝑎
Common difference = 𝑑
A.T.Q. 𝑎 =5×𝑎
⟹ 𝑎 + 15𝑑 = 5(𝑎 + 2𝑑) ⟹𝑎 + 15𝑑 = 5𝑎 + 10𝑑
5𝑑 = 4𝑎 ⟹𝑎 = 𝑑 …(𝑖)
Also 𝑎 = 41 ⟹ 𝑎 + 9𝑑 = 41
⟹ 𝑑 + 9𝑑 = 41 (Using eq. (𝑖))
41𝑑 = 164 ⟹ 𝑑=4
When 𝑑 = 4, eq. (𝑖) becomes
𝑎 = ×4 ⟹ 𝑎=5
Now S = (2𝑎 + 14𝑑)
= (2 × 5 + 14 × 4)
= × 66 = 15 × 33 = 495

28. A bus travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 75 km and then
travels a distance of 90 km at an average speed of 10 km/h more than the
first speed. It it takes 3 hours to complete the total journey, find its first
speed.
Sol. Let average speed of the bus = 𝑥 km/h
Distance = 75 km
Time taken = hr
Speed of bus for a distance of 90 km = (𝑥 + 10) km/h
 ∴ Time taken = hr
A.T.Q., + =3
( )
( )
=3
75𝑥 + 750 + 90𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 30𝑥
⟹ 3𝑥 − 135𝑥 − 750 = 0
⟹ 𝑥 − 45𝑥 − 250 = 0
(𝑥 − 50)(𝑥 + 5) = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 = 50, 𝑥 = −5
∴ Speed = 50 km/h

29. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
Sol. Proof: We are given a circle with centre O and tangent XY to the circle at
a point P. We need to prove that OP is perpendicular to XY.
Take a point Q on XY other than P
and join OQ.
The point Q must lie outside the
circle. (Note that if Q lies inside the
circle, XY will become a secant and
not a tangent to the circle.)
O
●
Therefore, OQ is longer than the
radius OP of the circle. That is,
OQ > OP. Y X
Since this happens for every point ● ●
on the line XY except the point P. P Q
OP is the shortest of all the
distances of the point O to the points of XY. So OP is perpendicular to XY.

30. Construct a right triangle ABC with AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm, and ∠B = 90°.
Draw BD, the perpendicular from B on AC. Draw the circle through B, C
and D and construct the tangents from A to this circle.

Sol.

6 cm D P
AP and AB are the required
tangents

E
B
8 cm C
31. Find the values of 𝑘 so that the area of the triangle with vertices (𝑘 +
1, 1), (4, −3) and (7, −𝑘) is 6 sq. units.
Sol. Area of ∆ = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
⟹ |(𝑘 + 1)(−3 + 𝑘) + 4(−𝑘 − 1) + 7(1 + 3)| = 6
⟹ |−3𝑘 − 3 + 𝑘 + 𝑘 − 4𝑘 − 4 + 28| = 12
⟹ |𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 21| = 12
|𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 21| = ±12
⟹ |𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 21| = 12 Or |𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 21| = −12
𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 9 = 0 𝑘 − 6𝑘 + 33 = 0
(𝑘 − 3) = 0 D = (−6) − 4 × 1 × 33
𝑘=3 = 36 − 132
= −96 < 0
∴ 𝑘=3 ∴ No solution

SET-III [UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-1& II]

10. Solve the following quadratic equation for 𝑥:

𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 − (4𝑏 − 𝑎 ) = 0
Sol. 𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 − (4𝑏 − 𝑎 ) = 0
D = (−2𝑎) − 4 × [−1(4𝑏 − 𝑎 )]
= 4𝑎 + 16𝑏 − 4𝑎
= 16𝑏
( )±√
∴ 𝑥= ×
±
= = 𝑎 ± 2𝑏

18. The 13th term of an AP is four times its 3rd term. If its fifth term is 16, then
find the sum of its first ten terms.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = 𝑎
Common difference = 𝑑
A.T.Q. 𝑎 =4×𝑎
𝑎 + 12𝑑 = 4(𝑎 + 2𝑑)
𝑎 + 12𝑑 = 4𝑎 + 8𝑑 ⟹ 3𝑎 = 4𝑑
𝑎= 𝑑
Also 𝑎 = 16 ⟹ 𝑎 + 4𝑑 = 16
⟹ 𝑑 + 4𝑑 = 16
⟹ 16𝑑 = 48 ⟹ 𝑑=3
When 𝑑 = 3, (𝑖) becomes 𝑎 = × 3 = 4
⟹ 𝑎=4
Now, S = (2𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 5(2 × 4 + 9 × 3)
= 5 × 35 = 175.

19. Find the coordinates of a point P on the line segment joining A(1, 2) and
B(6, 7) such that AP = AB.
Sol.
A(1, 2) P B(6, 7)

AP= AB
AP = AB
∴ AP : PB = 2 : 3
⟹ P divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3
× ×
𝑥 coordinate of P = =3
× ×
𝑦 coordinate of P = =4
∴ Coordinates of P are (3, 4)

20. A bag contains, white, black and red balls only. A ball is drawn at random
from the bag. If the probability of getting a white ball is and that of a
black ball is , then find the probability of getting a red ball. If the bag
contains 20 black balls, then find the total number of balls in the bag.
Sol. Let R = getting a red ball
B = getting a black ball
W = getting a white ball
Now, P(R) + P(B) + P(W) = 1
P(R) + + =1
P(R) = 1 − −
= =

Let total number of balls = 𝑥

∴ P(B) =

A.T.Q. = ⟹ 𝑥 = 50
∴ Total no. of balls = 50

28. A truck covers a distance of 150 km at a certain average speed and then
covers another 200 km at an average speed which is 20 km per hour more
than the first speed. If the truck covers the total distance in 5 hours, find
the first speed of the truck.
Sol. Let average speed = 𝑥 km/hr
Distance = 150 km
∴ Time taken = hrs
A.T.Q., Speed to cover 200 km = (𝑥 + 20) km/hr
∴ Time taken = hr
Total time taken = 5 hrs
⟹ + =5
( )
( )
=5
 150𝑥 + 3000 + 200𝑥 = 5(𝑥 + 20𝑥)
350𝑥 + 3000 = 5𝑥 + 100𝑥
5𝑥 − 250𝑥 − 3000 = 0
⟹ 𝑥 − 50𝑥 − 600 = 0
(𝑥 − 60)(𝑥 + 10) = 0 ⟹𝑥 = 60 or 𝑥 = −10
∴ Average speed = 60 km/hr.

29. An arithmetic progression 5, 12, 19, … has 50 terms. Find its last term.
Hence find the sum of its last 15 terms.
Sol. 𝑎 = 5, 𝑑 = 7, 𝑛 = 50
𝑎 = 𝑎 + 49𝑑 = 5 + 49 × 7 = 348
S = (𝑎 + 𝑎 ) = 25(5 + 348)
= 8825
Sum of last 15 terms = S −S
=S = (2 × 5 + 34 × 7)
= 4340
∴ Sum of last fifteen terms = 8825 − 4340 = 4485.

30. Construct a triangle ABC in which AB = 5 cm, BC = 6 cm and ∠ABC = 60°

Now construct another triangle whose sides are times the corresponding
sides of ∆ABC.

Sol.
A

A’
5 cm

B 60°
6 cm C’ C
B1
B2 B
3 B
4
B5 B
6
B7

31. Find the values of 𝑘 for which the points A(𝑘 + 1, 2𝑘), B(3𝑘, 2𝑘 + 3) and
C(5𝑘 − 1, 5𝑘) are collinear.
Sol. If points are collinear then
𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) = 0
(k + 1)(2k + 3 − 5k) + 3k(5k − 2k) + (5k − 1)(2k − 2k − 3) = 0
⟹ (𝑘 + 1)(−3𝑘 + 3) + 3𝑘 × 3𝑘 + (5𝑘 − 1)(−3) = 0
⟹ −3𝑘 + 3𝑘 − 3𝑘 + 3 + 9𝑘 − 15𝑘 + 3 = 0
⟹ 6𝑘 − 15𝑘 + 6 = 0
⟹ 2𝑘 − 5𝑘 + 2 = 0
2𝑘 − 4𝑘 − 𝑘 + 2 = 0
2𝑘(𝑘 − 2) − 1(𝑘 + 2) = 0 ⟹ 𝑘 = 2 or 𝑘 = .
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2015
[Delhi Set- I, II, III]

Time Allowed – 3 Hours Maximum Marks - 90

General Instructions

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four
sections A, B, C and D.
(iii) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 6
questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3
marks each and Section D contains 11 questions of 4 marks each.
(iv) Use of calculators is not permitted.

SET 1

1. If 𝑥 = − , is a solution of the quadratic equation 3𝑥 + 2𝑘𝑥 − 3 = 0, find the

value of 𝑘.
Sol. 𝑝(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 2𝑘𝑥 − 3
∵ 𝑥 = − is a solution of 𝑝(𝑥)
∴ 𝑝 − =0

𝑝 − =3 − + 2𝑘 − −3
1 1
=3 + 2𝑘 − − 3
4 2
= −𝑘−3
∵ 𝑝 − =0
∴ −𝑘−3=0
−𝑘 = −
=
−𝑘 =

⟹ 𝐾=−

2. The tops of two towers of height x and y, standing on level ground, subtend
angles of 30° and 60° respectively at the centre of the line joining their feet,
then find x : y.
Sol. In ∆ABE,
= tan 30°

=
√
 ⟹ 𝑥=
√
In ∆CDE,
= tan 60°
= √3⟹𝑦 = 𝑎√3

√
Now, =
√

× = ×
√ √

3. A letter of English alphabet is chosen at random. Determine the probability

that the chosen letter is a consonant.
Sol. Total numbers (letters) of English alphabet = 26
Consonant letters = 21
P(getting consonant letter)=

4. In Fig. 1, PA and PB are tangents to the circle with centre O such that ∠APB
= 50°. Write the measure of ∠OAB.

Fig. 1

Sol. ∵ 2∠OAB = ∠APB

2∠OAB = 50°
°
∠OAB = = 25°

5. In Fig. 2, AB is the diameter of a circle with centre O and AT is a tangent. If

∠AOQ = 58°, find ∠ATQ.

Fig. 2
Sol. ∠AOQ = 2∠ABQ
⟹ ∠ABQ = × 58° = 29°
In ∆ABT,
∠BAT + ∠ABT + ∠ATB = 180°
90° + 29°+ ∠ATB = 180°
∠ATB = 61°
As ∠ATB = ∠ATQ
⟹ ∠ATQ = 61°

6. Solve the following quadratic equation for x:

4𝑥 − 4𝑎 𝑥 + (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
Sol. 4𝑥 − 4𝑎 𝑥 + (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = −4𝑎 , 𝑐 = (𝑎 − 𝑎 )
D = 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐
= (−4𝑎 ) − 4(4)(𝑎 − 𝑏 )
= 16𝑎 − 16(𝑎 − 𝑏 )
±√ ( )±√
𝑥= = ( )( )
± ±
= =
±
=

7. From a point T outside a circle of centre O, tangents TP and TQ are drawn to

the circle. Prove that OT is the right bisector of line segment PQ.
Sol. In ∆TPO and ∆TQO
TP = TQ
OP = OQ (radii)
OT = OT
∴ ∆TPO ≅∆TQO
∴ ∠1 = ∠2
In ∆OPR and ∆OQR
OP = OQ (radii)
OR = OR
∠1 = ∠2 [Proved]
∴ ∆OPR ≅∆OQR
⟹ PR = QR
⟹ OR ⊥ PR [line joining mid-point of a chord to the centre of
a circle is perpendicular to the chord]
∴ OT is the perpendicular bisector of PQ

8. Find the middle term of the A.P. 6, 13, 20, …, 216

Sol. 6, 13, 20, …, 216
Here 𝑎 = 6, 𝑑 = 7
Let the given A.P. contain n terms then
T = 216
We know that
T = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
216 = 6 + (𝑛 − 1)7
216 = 6 + 7𝑛 − 7
216 = 7𝑛 − 1
216 + 1 = 7𝑛
217 = 7𝑛
=𝑛
31 = 𝑛
𝑛 = 31
Thus, the given A.P. contains 31 terms.
∴ Its middle term = (31 + 1)
= (32) = 16th term
∴ T = 6 + (16 − 1)7
= 6 + (15)(7) = 6 + 105 = 111
Hence, middle term = 111

9. If A(5, 2), B(2, -2) and C(-2, t) are the vertices of a right angled triangle
with ∠B = 90°, then find the value of t.
Sol. AB = (5 − 2) + (2 − (−2))
= (3) + (4) = √9 + 16 = √25
BC = (2 − (−2)) + (−2 − 𝑡)
= (2 + 2) + (𝑡 + 2)
= (4) + 𝑡 + 4 + 4𝑟
= √16 + 𝑡 + 4 + 4𝑡
= √𝑡 + 4𝑡 + 20
AC = (5 + 2) + (2 − 𝑡)
= (7) + 4 + 𝑡 − 4𝑡 = √49 + 4 + 𝑡 − 4𝑡
= √𝑡 − 4𝑡 + 53
We know by Pythagoras Theorem,
(AC) = (AB) + (BC)
𝑡 − 4𝑡 + 53 = 25 + 𝑡 + 4𝑡 + 20
−4𝑡 − 4𝑡 = 45 − 53
−8𝑡 = −8
𝑡= =1
𝑡=1
10. Find the ration in which the point P , divides the line segment joing
the points A , and B(2, −5).
Sol. Let ration be k : 1
( )
=

= = ( )
3(2)(𝑘 + 1) = 4(4𝑘 + 1)
6(𝑘 + 1) = 4(4𝑘 + 1)
6𝑘 + 6 = 16𝑘 + 4
6𝑘 − 16𝑘 = 4 − 6
−10𝑘 = −2
𝑘= =
Ratio is k : 1
⟹ : 1⟹1: 5

11. Find the area of the triangle ABC with A(1, −4) and mid-points of sides
through A being (2, −1) and (0, −1).
Sol. =2
𝑥 +1=4
𝑥 = 4−1 = 3
( )
= −1
= −1
𝑦 − 4 = −2
𝑦 = −2 + 4
𝑦 =2
=0
𝑥 +1=0
𝑥 = −1
( )
= −1
= −1
𝑦 − 4 = −2
𝑦 = −2 + 4 = 2
𝑦 =2
∴ Vertex of triangle ABC are
A(1, −4), B(3, 2), C(−1, 2)
Area of ∆ABC = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
= |1(2 − 2) + 3(2 + 4) + (−1)(−4 − 2)|
= |1(0) + 3(6) + (−1)(−6)|
= 18 + 6 = 24 = 12 sq. unit
12. Find the non-zero value of k, for which the quadratic equation
𝑘𝑥 + 1 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0 has equal roots. Hence find the roots of the
equation.
Sol. 𝑘𝑥 + 1 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0
𝑘𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0
(𝑘 + 1)𝑥 − 2(𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 1 = 0
𝑎 = 𝑘 + 1, 𝑏 = −2(𝑘 − 1), 𝑐 = 1
D = 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐
= [−2(𝑘 − 1)] − 4(𝑘 + 1)(1)
= 4(𝑘 − 1) − 4(𝑘 + 1)
∵ Roots are equal
∴ D=0
4(𝑘 − 1) − 4(𝑘 + 1) = 0
4[(𝑘 − 1) − (𝑘 + 1)] = 0
(𝑘 − 1) − 𝑘 − 1 = 0
𝑘 + 1 − 2𝑘 − 𝑘 − 1 = 0
𝑘 − 3𝑘 = 0
𝑘(𝑘 − 3) = 0
𝑘=0 𝑘−3=0
𝑘=3
Non zero value of 𝑘 = 3
After putting the value of 𝑘 = 3 in equation
We get
3𝑥 + 1 − 2(3 − 1)𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0
3𝑥 + 1 − 2(2)𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0
3𝑥 + 1 − 4𝑥 + 𝑥 = 0
4𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
4𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
2𝑥(2𝑥 − 1) − 1(2𝑥 − 1) = 0
(2𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 − 1) = 0
2𝑥 − 1 = 0 2𝑥 − 1 = 0
2𝑥 = 1 2𝑥 = 1
𝑥= 𝑥=
∴ Roots are ,

13. The angle of elevation of the top of a building from the foot of the tower is
30° and the angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the foot of the
building is 45°. If the tower is 30 m high, find the height of the building.
Sol. Let height of the building = ℎ
In ∆ABC, = tan 45°
=1
⟹ AC = 30
In ∆ACD,
= tan 30°
=
√
 ℎ=
√
√ √
ℎ= × = = 10√3
√ √
∴ ℎ = 10√3

14. Two different dice are rolled together. Find the probability of getting:
(i) The sum of numbers on two dice to be 5.
(ii) Even numbers on both dice.
Sol. When two dice are thrown simultaneously, all possible outcomes = 36
(i) Let E be the event of getting two numbers whose sum is 5. Then
favourable outcomes are (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 1)
∴ P(E ) = =
(ii) Let E be the event of getting even number on both dice, then
favourable outcomes are(2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 6), (4, 2), (4, 4), (4, 6), (6, 2),
(6, 4), (6, 6)

Number of favourable outcomes = 9

∴ P(E )= =

15. If S denotes the sum of first n terms of an A.P., prove that S = 3(S − S ).
Sol. Let first term of an A.P. = 𝑎
Let common difference = 𝑑
Then sum of 𝑛 term is
S = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
S = [2𝑎 + (12 − 1)𝑑]
= 6[2𝑎 + 11𝑑] = 12𝑎 + 66𝑑
S = [2𝑎 + (8 − 1)𝑑] = 4[2𝑎 + 7𝑑]
= 8𝑎 + 28𝑑
S = [2𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑] = 2(2𝑎 + 3𝑑) = 4𝑎 + 6𝑑
Now, LHS
S = 12𝑎 + 66𝑑
RHS
3(S − S ) = 3[(8𝑎 + 28𝑑) − (4𝑎 + 6𝑑)]
= 3[8𝑎 + 28𝑑 − 4𝑎 − 6𝑑] = 3[4𝑎 + 22𝑑]
= 12𝑎 + 66𝑑
LHS = RHS

16. In Fig. 3, APB and AQO are semicircle, and AO = OB. If the perimeter of the
figure is 40 cm, find the area of the shaded region. [Use π = ]

Fig. 3
Sol. Let AO = OB = r
Then perimeter of semicircle APB = = 𝜋𝑟

Perimeter of semicircle AQO = = (∵ radius of semicircle AQO = )

∴ Perimeter of shaded region = 𝜋𝑟 + +𝑟

=
But perimeter is given as 40
∴ = 40
𝑟(2𝜋 + 𝜋 + 2) = 80
𝑟(3𝜋 + 2) = 80
𝑟 3× + 2 = 80
𝑟 + 2 = 80
𝑟 = 80
×
𝑟= = 7 cm
𝜋𝑟2 × ×
Now, Area of APB = 2
= ×
= 77 cm
Area of AQO = = × × × = cm2
∴ Area of shaded region = 77 +
= =
= 96.25 cm2

17. In Fig. 4, From the top of a solid cone of height 12 cm and base radius 6 cm,
a cone of height 4 cm is removed by a plane parallel
to the base. Find the total surface area of the
remaining solid. Use π = and√5 = 2.236
Sol. Let radius of the upper face = BE = x
∆ABE ~ ∆ACD
⟹ =
⟹ = ⟹𝑥 = 2 cm
Fig. 4
Remaining solid is a frustum with height = 12 − 4 = 8 cm
𝑟 = 2, 𝑟 = 6 cm
Let Slant height = l
𝑙= ℎ + (𝑟 − 𝑟 )
𝑙 = √64 + 16
𝑙 = √80
𝑙 = 4√5
Now, total surface area
= 𝜋𝑙(𝑟 + 𝑟 ) + 𝜋𝑟 + 𝜋𝑟
= 𝜋[𝑙(𝑟 + 𝑟 ) + 𝑟 + 𝑟 ]
= [4√5(2 + 6) + 4 + 36]
 = × 32√5 + 40 = (32 × 2.236 + 40]
= 350.592 cm2

18. A solid wooden toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a cone of

same radius. The radius of hemisphere is 3.5 cm and the total wood used in
the making of toy is 166 cm3. Find the height of the toy. Also, find the cost
of painting the hemispherical part of the toy at the rate of Rs 10 per cm2.
22
Use 𝜋 =
7
Sol. Let height of the cone = x cm
Radius of the cone = 3.5 cm
Radius of the hemisphere = 3.5 cm
Volume of the toy = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ + 𝜋𝑟
166 = × (3.5) × 𝑥 + × × (3.5)
. .
= 𝑥+
. .
− = 𝑥
.
= 𝑥
×
× .
= 𝑥⟹𝑥 = 6 cm
∴ Height of toy = 6 + 3.5 = 9.5 cm
Surface area of hemispherical part = 2𝜋𝑟
=2× × 3.5 × 3.5
= 77 cm2
Cost to paint at a rate of 10 per cm = 77 × 10 =Rs 770

19. In Fig. 5, from a cuboidal solid metallic block, of dimensions 15 cm × 10 cm

× 5 cm, a cylindrical hole of diameter 7 cm is drilled out. Find the surface
area of the remaining block. Use π =

Fig. 5
Sol. Surface area of remaining block = Surface area of cuboid + Curved surface
area of cylinder – Surface area of two circular end of cylindrical hole.
= 2[𝑙𝑏 + 𝑏ℎ + 𝑙ℎ] + 2𝜋𝑟ℎ − 2𝜋𝑟
= 2[15 × 10 + 10 × 5 + 15 × 5] + 2 × × ×5−2× × ×
= 2[(150 + 50 + 75) + 110 − 77] cm2
= 583 cm2
20. In Fig. 6, find the area of the shaded region. [Use π = 3.14]

Fig. 6
Sol. Area of unshaded region = Area of 4 semicircles of radius 2 + Area of square
of side 4 cm
=4× + side × side
. × ×
= 4× +4×4
= 25.12 + 16 = 41.12 cm2
Area of square of side 14 cm = 14 × 14 = 196 cm2
∴ Area of shaded region = 196 − 41.12
= 154.88 cm2

21. The numerator of a fraction is 3 less than its denominator. If 2 is added to

both the numerator and the denominator, then the sum of the new fraction
and original fraction is . Find the original fraction.
Sol. Let denominator of fraction = 𝑥
Then, numerator = 𝑥 − 3
Then, fraction be

ATQ =
ATQ + =
( ) ( )( )
=
( )( )

⟹ =
20(2𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 6) = 29(𝑥 + 2𝑥)
40𝑥 − 40𝑥 − 120 = 29𝑥 + 58𝑥
40𝑥 − 40𝑥 − 120 − 29𝑥 − 58𝑥 = 0
11𝑥 − 98𝑥 − 120 = 0
11𝑥 − 110𝑥 + 12𝑥 − 120 = 0
 11𝑥(𝑥 − 10) + 12(𝑥 − 10) = 0
(𝑥 − 10)(11𝑥 + 12) = 0
𝑥 − 10 = 0 11𝑥 + 12 = 0
𝑥 = 10 𝑥=
𝑥 = 10
Hence, fraction is = =

22. Ramkali required 2500 after 12 weeks to send her daughter to school.
She saved 100 in the first week and increased her weekly saving by
20 every week. Find whether she will be able to send her daughter to
school after 12 weeks.
What value is generated in the above situation?
Sol. We set A.P. 100, 120, 140, 160 …
Whose first term (a) = 100 and common difference (d) = 20
Then, we know 𝑆 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
𝑆 = [2(100) + (12 − 1)20]
6[200 + 220] = 6[420] = 2520
Yes, she is concerned about giving good education to her girl child.

23. Solve for x:

+ ( )
= , 𝑥 ≠ 0, −1, 2

Sol. + =
( )
( ) ( )
( )( )
=

( )
=

( )
=
5𝑥(7𝑥 − 5) = 46(𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2)
35𝑥 − 25𝑥 = 46𝑥 − 46𝑥 − 92
35𝑥 − 25𝑥 − 46𝑥 + 46𝑥 + 92 = 0
−11𝑥 + 21𝑥 + 92 = 0
11𝑥 − 21𝑥 − 92 = 0
11𝑥 − 44𝑥 + 23𝑥 − 92 = 0
11𝑥(𝑥 − 4) + 23(𝑥 − 4) = 0
(𝑥 − 4)(11𝑥 + 23) = 0
𝑥−4 = 0 11𝑥 + 23 = 0
𝑥=4 11𝑥 = −23
𝑥=

24. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
Sol. Proof: We are given a circle with centre O and a tangent XY to the circle at a
point P. We need to prove that OP is perpendicular to XY.
Take a point Q on XY other than P and join
OQ.
The point Q must lie outside the circle. (Note
that if Q lies inside the circle, XY will become
a secant and not a tangent to the circle.).
Therefore, OQ is longer than the radius OP of
the circle. That is,
OQ > OP.
Since this happens for every point on the line XY except the point P. OP is
the shortest of all the distances of the point O to the points of XY. So OP is
perpendicular to XY.

25. In Fig. 7, tangents PQ and PR are drawn from an external point P to a circle
with centre O, such that ∠RPQ = 30°. A chord RS is drawn parallel to the
tangent PQ. Find ∠RQS.

Fig. 7
Sol. In ∆RQP, QP = RP [Tangent from external point]

∴ ∠3 = ∠4
Now ∠3 + ∠4 + 30° = 180°
⟹ 2∠3 = 150° ⟹∠3 = 75°
Now ∠QOR + ∠QPR = 180°
⟹ ∠QOR = 150°
Now, ∠1 = ∠QOR ⟹∠1 = 75°
Also SR ∥ QP
∴ ∠1 = ∠2 [Alternate interior angles]
⟹ ∠2 = 75°
Now, ∠2+∠RQS + ∠3 = 180°⟹∠RQS =180°− 150° = 30°
26. Construct a triangle ABC with BC = 7 cm, ∠B = 60° and AB = 6 cm.
Construct another triangle whose sides are times the corresponding sides of
∆ABC.
Sol. Steps of construction
(i) Draw a line BC = 7 cm
(ii) Draw angle 60° at B. Cut AB
= 6 cm
(iii) Join AC.
Thus, ∆ABC is obtained.
(iv) Below BC, make an acute
∠CBX.
(v) Along BX, mark off four
points B , B , B , B such that
BB = B B = B B = B B
(vi) Join B C.
(vii) From B , draw B D∥B C,
meeting BC at D.
(viii) From D, draw DE ∥ CA, meeting AB at E.
Then, ∆EBD is the required triangle, each of whose side is of the
corresponding side of ∆ABC.

27. From a point P on the ground the angle of elevation of the top of a tower is
30° and that of the top of a flag staff fixed on the top of the tower, is 60°. If
the length of the flag staff is 5 m, find the height of the tower.
Sol. Let height of the tower = ℎ
In ∆PQR,
= tan 30°
=
√
ℎ√3 = PQ
PQ = ℎ√3 …(𝑖)
In ∆PQS,
= tan 60°
= √3

= PQ
√
or PQ = …(𝑖𝑖)
√
From (𝑖) & (𝑖𝑖)
ℎ√3 =
√
3ℎ = ℎ + 5
3ℎ − ℎ = 5
2ℎ = 5
ℎ = = 2.5 m
28. A box contains 20 cards numbered from 1 to 20. A card is drawn at random
from the box. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is
(i) Divisible by 2 or 3
(ii) A prime number
Sol. Total number of all possible outcomes = 20
(i) Let E be the event of getting card divisible by 2 or 3. Then number of
favourable outcomes = 13
∴ P(E ) =
(ii) Let E be the event of getting card a prime number.
Then number of favourable outcomes = 8
∴ P(E ) = =

29. If A(−4, 8), B(−3, −4), C(0, −5) and D(5, 6) are the vertices of a
quadrilateral ABCD, find its area
Sol. Area of quadrilateral ABCD = Area of ∆ABC + Area of ∆ACD
We know Area of ∆ = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
Now, Area of ∆ABC = |−4(−4 + 5) + (−3)(−5 − 8) + 0(8 + 4)|
= |−4(1) + (−3)(−13)| = |−4 + 39|
= sq. units
Now, Area of ∆ACD
1
= |−4(−5 − 6) + 0(6 − 8) + 5(8 + 5)|
2
= |−4(−11) + 0 + 5(13)|
= |44 + 65| = (109) = sq. unit
∴ Area of quadrilateral ABCD
35 109
= +
2 2
= = = 72sq. units

30. A well of diameter 4 m is dug 14 m deep. The earth taken out is spread
evenly all around the well the form a 40 cm high embankment. Find the
width of the embankment.
Sol. Radius of the well = = 2 m
Depth of the well = 14 m
∴Volume of the earth dug out = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ = 𝜋(2) × 14 = 𝜋 × 4 × 14 = 56𝜋 m3
Let the width of the embankment be r m. Clearly, embankment forms a
cylindrical shell whose inner and outer radius are 2 m and (2 + 𝑟) m
respectively and height m
∴ Volume of embankment = 𝜋[((2 + 𝑟) − (2) ] ×
= 𝜋[4 + 𝑟 + 4𝑟 − 4] ×
= (𝑟 + 4)
Volume of embankment = Volume of the earth dug out
( )
= 56𝜋
 ×
𝑟(𝑟 + 4) = = 140
𝑟 + 4𝑟 = 140
𝑟 + 4𝑟 − 140 = 0
𝑟 + 14𝑟 − 10𝑟 − 140 = 0
𝑟(𝑟 + 14) − 10(𝑟 + 14) = 0
(𝑟 + 14)(𝑟 − 10) = 0 𝑟 − 10 = 0
𝑟 = −14 𝑟 = 10
𝑟 ≠ −14
∴ 𝑟 = 10 m

31. Water is flowing at the rate of 2.52 km/h through a cylindrical pipe into a
cylindrical tank, the radius of whose base is 10 cm. If the increase in the
level of water in the tank, in half an hour is 3.15 m, find the internal
diameter of the pipe.
Sol. Let internal radius of the pipe = x cm
Speed of water = 2.52 km/h = 2520 m/h
∴ Volume of water that flows in half an hour = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ

= 𝜋× × × 2520 = m3
Volume of water in cylindrical tank = 𝜋 × × × 3.15 m3

⟹ =𝜋× × × 3.15
𝑥 = × × 3.15 ×
𝑥 = 4⟹𝑥 = 2 cm
∴ Internal diameter = 4 cm

SET-II
[UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-1]
10. Find the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205, 197, …, 37.
Sol. 213, 205, 197, …, 37
𝑎 = 2013
𝑑 = −8
𝑎 = 37
We know 𝑎 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
37 = 213 + (𝑛 − 1)(−8)
37 = 213 − 8𝑛 + 8
37 = 221 − 8𝑛
37 − 221 = −8𝑛
−184 = −8𝑛
=𝑛
23 = 𝑛
∴ 𝑛 = 23
Now, Middle term = (23 + 1) = (24) = 12
Now, 𝑎 = 213 + (12 − 1)(−8)
= 213 + (11)(−8)
= 213 − 88 = 125
18. If the sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is (3𝑛 + 7𝑛), then find its 𝑛
term. Hence write its 20 term.
Sol. S = (3𝑛 + 7𝑛)
Put 𝑛 = 1
S = [3(1) + 7(1)] = (3 + 7) = (10) = 5
∴ First term (a) = 5
S = [3(2) + 7(2)] = [3(4) + 14]
= (12 + 14) = (26) = 13
∴ 2nd term = 13 − 5 = 8
S = [3(3) + 7(3)] = [3(9) + 21]
= (27 + 21) = (48) = 24
∴ 3rd
term = 24 − 13 = 11
Hence, A.P. is 5, 8, 11 …
𝑎 = 5, 𝑑 = 3
∴𝑛 term
𝑎 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
= 5 + (𝑛 − 1)3 = 5 + 3𝑛 − 3
= 3𝑛 + 2
𝑎 = 3(20) + 2 = 60 + 2 = 62

19. Three distinct coins are tossed together. Find the probability of getting.
(i) At least 2 heads
(ii) At most 2 heads
Sol. When 3 coins are tossed simultaneously, all possible outcomes are
HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, HTT, THT, TTH, TTT
Total number of possible outcomes = 8
(i) Let E be the event of getting at least 2 head.
Then, favourable outcomes are HHT, HTH, THH
Number of favourable outcomes = 3
∴ P(Getting at least 2 heads) = P(E ) =
(ii) Let E be the event of getting at most 2 heads.
Then, E = event of getting 0 or 1 or 2 heads
So, the favourable outcomes are
TTT, HTT, THT, TTH, HHT, HTH, THH
Number of favourable outcomes = 7
∴ P(Getting at most 2 heads) = P(E ) =

20. Find the value of p for which the quadratic equation (𝑝 + 1)𝑥 −
6(𝑝 + 1)𝑥 + 3(𝑝 + 9) = 0, 𝑝 ≠ −1 has equal roots. Hence find the roots of
the equation.
Sol. (P + 1)𝑥 − 6(P + 1)𝑥 + 3(P + 9) = 0 …(i)
∴ Roots are equal
∴ D=0
Now, D = 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐
 Now, D = [−6(P + 1) ] − 4(P + 1)3(P + 9)
= [36(P + 1 + 2P) − 12(P + 1)(P + 9)]
= 36P + 72P + 36 − 12(P + 10P + 9)
= 36P + 72P + 36 − 12P − 120P − 108
= 24P − 48P − 72
∵ D=0
∴ 24P − 48P − 72 = 0
24(P − 2P − 3) = 0
P − 2P − 3 = 0
P − 3P + P − 3 = 0
P(P − 3) + 1(P − 3) = 0
(P − 3)(P + 1) = 0
P−3 =0 P+1 =0
P=3 P = −1
∴ P ≠ −1 [Given]
∴ P=3
∴ equation (i) becomes
4𝑥 − 24𝑥 + 36 = 0
⟹ 𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0
(𝑥 − 3) = 0 ⟹ 𝑥=3

28. To fill a swimming pool two pipes are to be used. If the pipe of larger
diameter is used for 4 hours and the pipe of smaller diameter for 9 hours,
only half the pool can be filled. Find, how long it would take for each pipe
to fill the pool separately, if the pipe of smaller diameter takes 10 hours
more than the pipe of larger diameter to fill the pool.
Sol. Let time taken by the pipe of larger diameter = x hr
∴ Time taken by the pipe of smaller diameter = (x + 10)hr
×
ATQ + =

( )
=
26𝑥 + 80 = 𝑥 + 10𝑥
𝑥 − 16𝑥 − 80 = 0
(𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 + 4) = 0
𝑥 = 20 or 𝑥 = −4 (rejected)
∴ Time taken by larger pipe = 20 hr
Time taken by smaller pipe = 20 + 10 = 30 hr

30. Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 6 cm and altitude 4 cm. Then
construct another triangle whose sides are times the corresponding sides
of the isosceles triangle.
Sol. AB’C’ is the required triangle.

31. If P(−5 − 3), Q(−4, −6), R(2, −3) and S(1, 2) are the vertices of a
quadrilateral PQRS, find its area.
Sol. Area of ∆PQR = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
= |−5(−6 + 3) + (−4)(−3 + 3) + 2(−3 + 6)|
= |15 + 6| = sq. unit
Area of ∆PRS
1
= |−5(−3 − 2) + 2(2 + 3) + 1(−3 + 3)|
2
= |25 + 10| = sq. units
Area of quadrilateral PQRS
= area of ∆PQR + area of ∆PRS
= + = = 28 sq. units.

SET-III
[UNCOMMON QUEATIONS TO SET-I & II]
10. Solve the following quadratic equation for x:
9𝑥 − 6𝑏 𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
Sol. 9𝑥 − 6𝑏 𝑥 − (𝑎 − 𝑏 ) = 0
𝑎 = 9, 𝑏 = −6𝑏 , 𝑐 = −(𝑎 − 𝑏 )
D = (−6𝑏 ) − 4 × 9[−(𝑎 − 𝑏 )]
= 36𝑏 + 36𝑎 − 36𝑏
= 36𝑎
2
−(−6𝑏 )± 36𝑎4
∴ 𝑥= 2×9
±
=
±
=
18. All red face cards are removed from a pack of playing cards. The remaining
cards were well shuffled and then a card is drawn at random from them.
Find the probability that the drawn card is
(i) A red card
(ii) A face card
(iii) A card of clubs
Sol. Total number of cards = 52
Number of red face cards = 6
Remaining cards = 52 – 6 = 46
Probability (a red card) = =
Probability (face card) = =
Probability (club card) =

19. Find the area of the triangle PQR with Q(3, 2) and the mid-points of the
sides through Q being (2, -1) and (1, 2).
Sol. ∵ M is the mid point of PQ
∴ = 2⟹𝑥 + 3 = 4
⟹ 𝑥 = 4−3 = 1
Also, = −1
𝑦 + 2 = −2
𝑦 = −2 − 2 = −4
∵ N is the mid point of QR
∴ =1
𝑥 +3=2
𝑥 =2−3
𝑥 = −1
=2
𝑦 +2 = 4
𝑦 =4−2
𝑦 =2
Hence, vertex of ∆PQR are
P(1, −4), Q(3, 2), R(−1, 2)
We know that
Area of ∆PQR = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
= |1(2 − 2) + 3(2 + 4) − 1(−4 − 2)|
= |1(0) + 3(6) + 6| = |18 + 6|
= |24| = 12 sq. unit

20. If S denotes the sum of first n terms of an A.P., prove that S = 3[S
−S ]
Sol. Let first term of A.P. = a
Let common difference of A.P. = d
∴ S = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
Now, S = [2𝑎 + (30 − 1)𝑑]
 = 15[2𝑎 + 29𝑑]
= 30𝑎 + 435𝑑
S = [2𝑎 + (20 − 1)𝑑]
= 10[2𝑎 + 19𝑑] = 20𝑎 + 190𝑑
S = [2𝑎 + (10 − 1)𝑑] = 5[2𝑎 + 9𝑑]
= 10𝑎 + 45𝑑
Now, 3(S − S ) = 3[20𝑎 + 190𝑑 − (10𝑎 + 45𝑑)]
= 3[20𝑎 + 190𝑑 − 10𝑎 − 45𝑑]
= 3[10𝑎 + 145𝑑] = 30𝑎 + 435𝑑 = S
LHS = RHS

28. A 21 m deep well with diameter 6 m is dug and the earth form digging is
evenly spread to form a platform 27 m × 11 m.
Find the height of the platform. Use 𝜋 =
Sol. Radius of well (r) = 3 m
Depth of well (h) = 21m
Volume of earth dug out = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ = × 9 × 21 = 594m2
Let height of platform = h
Length = 27 m
Breadth = 11 m
∴ Volume of platform = 27 × 11 ×h
Now, Volume of platform = Volume of earth dug out
27 × 11 × h = 594
ℎ= ×
=2m

29. A bag contains 25 cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is drawn at random
from the bag. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is :

(i) Divisible by 3 or 5
(ii) A perfect square number

Sol. Total number of all possible outcomes = 25

(i) Out of the given numbers, divisible by 3 or 5 are

3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25
Then the number of favourable outcomes = 12
∴ Probability (divisible by 3 or 5) =
(ii) Out of the given numbers perfect square are 1, 4, 9, 16 and 25.
∴ Probability (Perfect square) = =

30. Draw a line segment AB of length 7 cm. Taking A as centre, draw a circle of
radius 3 cm and taking B as centre, draw another circle of radius 2 cm.
Construct tangents to each circle from the centre of the other circle.
Sol. Required tangents are (i) BP and BQ (ii) AR and AS
31. Solve for x:

+ = ; 𝑥 ≠ 1, −1,
Sol. + =
( ) ( )
=
( )( )

=
=
(7𝑥 + 1)(4𝑥 − 1) = 29(𝑥 − 1)
28𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 1 = 29𝑥 − 29
28𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 1 = 29𝑥 − 29
28𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 1 − 29𝑥 + 29 = 0
−𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 28 = 0
−(𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 28) = 0
𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 28 = 0
𝑥 + 7𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 28 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 + 7) − 4(𝑥 − 7) = 0
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 4) = 0
𝑥+7 = 0 𝑥−4 = 0
𝑥 = −7 𝑥=4
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2015
[Foreign Set- I, II, III]

Time Allowed – 3 Hours Maximum Marks - 90

General Instructions

(v) All questions are compulsory.

(vi) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four
sections A, B, C and D.
(vii) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 6
questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3
marks each and Section D contains 11 questions of 4 marks each.
(viii) Use of calculators is not permitted.

SET 1

1. Find the 25th term of the A.P. −5, , 0, , …

5
Sol. 𝑎 = −5, 𝑑 = − (−5) = 2
𝑎 = 𝑎 + 24𝑑 = −5 + 24 × = 55

2. A pole casts a shadow of length 2√3 m on the ground, when the sun’s
elevation is 60°. Find the height of the pole.
Sol. Let AB be the Pole and BC its shadow
Here tan 60° =
⟹ √3 = √
⟹ AB = 6 cm

3. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest

pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and these are equally
likely outcomes. Find the probability that the arrow will point at any factor
of 8.
Sol. Total outcomes = 8
Factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, 8
∴ Required probability = = .

4. Two concentric circles of radii a and b (a > b) are given. Find the length of
the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle.
Sol. AB is tangent at C to circle C (O, b)
∴ OC ⊥ AB
⟹ AC = BC ⟹ AB = 2AC
Now, AO = OC + AC
⟹ 𝑎 = 𝑏 + AC
 ⟹ AC = √𝑎 − 𝑏
⟹ AB = 2√𝑎 − 𝑏
Length of chord = 2√𝑎 − 𝑏

5. In Figure 1, O is the centre of a circle. PT and PQ are tangents to the circle

from an external point P. If ∠TPQ = 70°, find ∠TRQ.

Sol. ∠TOQ + ∠TPQ = 180°

⟹ ∠TOQ = 110°

Also ∠TOQ = 2∠TRQ

[angle subtended by an arc at centre
of the circle is twice the angle
subtended by it in alternate
segment]
⟹ 110°= 2∠TRQ ⟹ ∠TRQ = 55°

6. In Figure 2, PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The

tangents at P and Q intersect at a point T. Find the lengths of TP and TQ.

Sol. Join OT intersecting PQ at R.

OT bisects ∠PTQ
In ∆PTR and ∆QTR
PT = QT [length of tangents drawn from
common external point are
equal]
RT = RT, ∠PTR = ∠QTR
∴ ∆PTR ≅ ∆QTR
⟹ PR = RQ
⟹ R is mid-point of PQ
 ∴ OR ⊥ PQ
In right triangle ORP
OP = PR + OR
⟹ 25 = 16 + OR
OR = 3 cm
In ∆ORQ and ∆OQT
∠ORQ = ∠OQT (Each 90°)
∠ROQ = ∠ROQ (Common)
∴ ∆ORQ ~ ∆OQT
⟹ =
⟹ = ⟹ QT = cm
Also PT = QT ⟹ PT = cm

7. Solve for 𝑥:
𝑥 − √3 + 1 𝑥 + √3 = 0
Sol. 𝑥 − √3 + 1 𝑥 + √3 = 0
𝑥 − √3𝑥 − 𝑥 + √3 = 0
𝑥 𝑥 − √3 − 1 𝑥 − √3 = 0 ⟹ 𝑥 − √3 (𝑥 − 1) = 0
∴ 𝑥 = 1or 𝑥 = √3.

8. The fourth term of an A.P. is 11. The sum of the fifth and seventh terms of
the A.P. is 34. Find its common difference.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = a
Common difference = 𝑑
𝑎 = 11⟹𝑎 + 3𝑑 = 11⟹𝑎 = 11 − 3𝑑 …(𝑖)
Also 𝑎 + 𝑎 = 34
𝑎 + 4𝑑 + 𝑎 + 6𝑑 = 34
2𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 34 ⟹ 𝑎 = 17 − 5𝑑 …(𝑖𝑖)
From (𝑖) and (𝑖𝑖) 11 − 3𝑑 = 17 − 5𝑑
⟹ 2𝑑 = 6 ⟹𝑑 = 3

9. Show that the points (a, a), (-a, -a) and (√3𝑎, √3𝑎) are the vertices of an
equilateral triangle.
Sol. Let A(a, a), B(-a, -a), C(-√3𝑎, √3𝑎)
AB = (𝑎 + 𝑎) + (𝑎 + 𝑎)
= √4𝑎 + 4𝑎 = 2√2𝑎

BC = (−𝑎 + √3𝑎) + (−𝑎 − √3𝑎)

= 𝑎 + 3𝑎 − 2√3𝑎 + 𝑎 + 3𝑎 + 2√3𝑎
= √8𝑎 = 2√2𝑎

AC = 𝑎 + √3𝑎 + 𝑎 − √3𝑎

= 𝑎 + 3𝑎 + 2√3𝑎 + 𝑎 + 3𝑎 − 2√3𝑎
= √8𝑎 = 2√2𝑎
⟹ AB = BC = AC
∴ A, B, C are vertices of an equilateral triangle.
10. For what values of k are the points (8, 1), (3, -2k) and (k, -5) collinear?
Sol. For collinear points
𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) = 0
⟹ 8(−2𝑘 + 5) + 3(−5 − 1) + 𝑘(1 + 2𝑘) = 0
⟹ −16𝑘 + 40 − 18 + 𝑘 + 2𝑘 = 0
2𝑘 − 15𝑘 + 22 = 0
2𝑘 − 11𝑘 − 4𝑘 + 22 = 0
⟹ 𝑘(2𝑘 − 11) − 2(2𝑘 − 11) = 0
(2𝑘 − 11)(𝑘 − 2) = 0
⟹ 𝑘 = 2, 𝑘 =

11. Point A lies on the line segment PQ joining P(6, -6) and Q(-4, -1) in such a
way that = . If points P also lies on the line 3𝑥 + 𝑘(𝑦 + 1) = 0, find the
value of k.
Sol. Coordinates of P are (6, -6)
∵ P(6, -6) lies on the line
3𝑥 + 𝑘(𝑦 + 1) = 0
⟹ 3 × 6 + 𝑘(−6 + 1) = 0
⟹ 18 − 5𝑘 = 0
⟹ 𝑘= .

12. Solve for x.

𝑥 + 5𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑎 − 6) = 0
Sol. 𝑥 + 5𝑥 − (𝑎 + 𝑎 − 6) = 0
D = (5) − 4 × 1 × [−(𝑎 + 𝑎 − 6)]
= 25 + 4𝑎 + 4𝑎 − 24
= 4𝑎 + 4𝑎 + 1 = (2𝑎 + 1)
±√ ± ( )
∴ 𝑥= = ×
±( )
= = ,
= −2 + 𝑎, −3 − 𝑎

13. In an A.P., if the 12th term is -13 and the sum of its first four terms is 24, find
the sum of its first ten terms.
Sol. Let first term of the AP = a and common Difference = d
Now 𝑎 = −13
⟹ 𝑎 + 11𝑑 = −13⟹𝑎 = −13 − 11𝑑
Also 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 + 𝑎 + 3𝑑 = 24
⟹ 4𝑎 + 6𝑑 = 24
⟹ 4(−13 − 11𝑑) + 6𝑑 = 24
⟹ −52 − 44𝑑 + 6𝑑 = 24 ⟹−38𝑑 = 76
𝑑 = −2
∴ 𝑎 = −13 + 22 = 9
S = (2𝑎 + 9𝑑) = 5(2 × 9 + 9 × −2) = 0
14. A bag contains 18 balls out of which x balls are red.
(i) If one ball is drawn at random from the bag, what is the probability that
it is not red?
(ii) If 2 more red balls are put in the bag, the probability of drawing a red
ball will be times the probability of drawing a red ball in the first case.
Find the value of x.
Sol. Number of non-red balls = 18 − 𝑥
Probability that ball drawn is not red =
Probability that ball drawn is red =
When 2 more red balls are put in the bag then number of balls in the bag =
20
Number of red balls = 𝑥 + 2
Now
Probability that ball drawn is red =
A.T.Q. = ×
=
16𝑥 + 32 = 20𝑥⟹𝑥 = 8

15. From the top of a tower of height 50 m, the angles of depression of the top
and bottom of a pole are 30° and 45° respectively. Find
(i) How far the pole is from the bottom of a tower,
(ii) The height of the pole. (Use √3 = 1.732)
Sol. Let AB be the tower and CD the pole such
that ∠XAC =30° and ∠XAD = 45°
∴∠ACE = 30° and ∠ADB = 45°
Now in ∆ABD, = cos 45°
⟹ = 1 ⟹ BD = 50
∴ Distance of pole from the bottom of tower
= 50 m
In ∆AEC
= tan 30°
⟹ = [∵EC = BD]
√
⟹ AE = m
√
Now CD = BE
⟹ CD = AB – AE
CD = 50 −
√
√ (√ )
= =
√
√ √ √
= × =
√ √
( . )
= = 21.13m
Height of pole = 21.13 m.
16. The lone and short hands of a clock are 6 cm and 4 cm long respectively.
Find the sum of the distances travelled by their tips in 24 hours. [Useπ=3.14]
Sol. Distance travelled by tip of long hand in one hour = circumference of the
circle with radius = 6 cm
= 2π× 6 = 12π cm
∴ Distance travelled in 24 hrs = 24 × 12π = 288π cm
Distance travelled by tip of short hand in 12 hrs = circumference of the circle
with radius 4 cm.
= 2π× 4 = 8π cm
∴ Distance travelled in 24 hours = 2 × 8π = 16π cm
Total distance travelled = 288π + 16π = 304π cm
= 304 × 3.14 cm = 954.56 cm

17. Two spheres of same metal weigh 1 kg and 7 kg. The radius of the smaller
sphere is 3 cm. The two spheres are melted to form a single big sphere. Find
the diameter of the new sphere.
Sol. Radius of smaller sphere = 3 cm
∴ Volume of smaller sphere = 𝜋 × 3 × 3 × 3cm3
= 36πcm3
Mass = 1 kg
When Mass = 7 kg
Then Volume = 7 × 36π cm3 = 252π cm3
Total volume of two spheres
= 36π + 252π
= 288πcm3
Let radius of sphere so formed = R cm
⟹ 𝜋R = 288𝜋
×
⟹ R = = 72 × 3 = 216
⟹ R=6
∴ Diameter = 12 cm

18. A metallic cylinder has radius 3 cm and height 5 cm. To reduce its weight, a
conical hole is drilled in the cylinder. The conical hole has a radius of cm
and its depth is cm. Calculate the ratio of the volume of metal left in the
cylinder to the volume of metal taken out in conical shape.
Sol. Radius of the cylinder = 3 cm
Height = 5 cm
∴ Volume = π × 3 × 3× 5 cm3
= 45π cm3
Radius of cone = cm
Height of the cone = cm
∴ Volume of the cone = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= 𝜋× × = cm3
 Volume of metal left = 45π - =
Ratio = ∶
= 133 : 2

19. In Figure 3, ABCD is a trapezium with AB ∥ DC, AB = 18 cm, DC = 32 cm

and the distance between AB and DC is 14 cm. If arcs of equal radii 7 cm
have been drawn, with centres A, B, C and D, then find the area of the
shaded region.

Sol. Area of trapezium = × ℎ(𝑎 + 𝑏)

= × 14 × (18 + 32) = 350 cm2
∠ ∠ ∠ ∠
Area of four sectors = × 𝜋𝑟 + × 𝜋𝑟 + × 𝜋𝑟 × × 𝜋𝑟
×
= × (∠A + ∠B+∠C + ∠D)
× ×
= × 360 = 49𝜋 cm2
×
= = 154 cm2
∴ Area of shaded part = 350 – 154 = 196 cm2

20. A solid right-circular cone of height 60 cm and radius 30 cm is dropped in a

right-circular cylinder full of water of height 180 cm and radius 60 cm. Find
the volume of water left in the cylinder, in cubic meters. [Use π = ]
Sol. Radius of cone = 30 cm
Height of cone = 60 cm
Volume of cone = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= 𝜋 × 30 × 30 × 60
= 18000 𝜋 cm3
Radius of cylinder = 60 cm
Height of cylinder = 180 cm
∴ Volume of cylinder = π𝑟 ℎ
= 𝜋 × 60 × 60 × 180cm3
= 648000 π cm3
Volume of water left = 648000 π – 18000 π
= 630000 π cm3
= 630000 × = 1980000 cm3
= 1.98 m3
21. If x = − 2 is a root of the equation 3𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 𝑝 = 0, find the values of k so
that the roots of the equation 𝑥 + 𝑘(4𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 𝑝 = 0 are equal.
Sol. ∵ x = − 2 is a root of 3𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 𝑝 = 0
⟹ 3(−2) + 7 × (−2) +𝑝=0
𝑝=2
∴ 𝑥 + 𝑘(4𝑥 + 𝑘 − 1) + 𝑝 = 0 becomes
𝑥 + 4𝑘𝑥 + 𝑘 − 𝑘 + 2 = 0
D = (4𝑘) − 4 × 1(𝑘 − 𝑘 + 2)
= 16𝑘 − 4𝑘 + 4𝑘 − 8
= 12𝑘 + 4𝑘 − 8
∵ Roots are equal
∴ 12𝑘 + 4𝑘 − 8 = 0⟹3𝑘 + 𝑘 − 2 = 0
3𝑘 + 3𝑘 − 2𝑘 − 2 = 0
⟹ 3𝑘(𝑘 + 1) − 2(𝑘 + 1) = 0
(𝑘 + 1)(3𝑘 − 2) = 0
𝑘 = −1, 𝑘 =

22. Find the middle term of the sequence formed by all three-digit numbers
which leave a remainder, when divided by 4, Also find the sum of all
numbers on both sides of the middle terms separately.
Sol. Number are 103, 107, 111, … 999.
These number are in AP
𝑎 = 103, 𝑑 = 4
𝑎 = 999⟹𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 999
103 + (𝑛 − 1)4 = 999
⟹ (𝑛 − 1)4 = 896
⟹ 𝑛 − 1 = 224⟹𝑛 = 225
Middle term = = 113
∴ 𝑎 = 𝑎 + 112𝑑
= 103 + 112 × 4 = 103 + 448 = 551
There are 112 number before 113th term
Sum = [2 × 103 + 111 × 4] = 56[206 + 444] = 36400
Now 114 term = 555
225th term = 999
Number of terms = 112
∴ sum = [555 + 999]
= 87024

23. The total cost of certain length of a piece of cloth is 200. If the piece was
5 cm longer and each metre of cloth costs 2 less, the cost of the piece
would have remained unchanged. How long is the piece and what is its
original rate per metre?
Sol. Let length of piece of cloth = x m
Total cost = 200
∴ Rate/m =
If length = (x+ 5) m
Then rate/m =
 A.T.Q. − =2

( )
=2
⟹ 1000 = 2𝑥 + 10𝑥
⟹2𝑥 + 10𝑥 − 1000 = 0
𝑥 + 5𝑥 − 500 = 0
(𝑥 + 25)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
⟹ 𝑥 = −25 or 𝑥 = 20
∴ Length of piece of cloth = 20m
Original rate = Rs. = 10/m

24. Prove that tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
Sol. Proof: We are given a circle with centre O
and a tangent XY to the circle at a point P.
We need to prove that OP is perpendicular
to XY.
Take a point Q on XY other than P and join
OQ.
The point Q must lie outside the circle.
(Note that if Q lies inside the circle, XY will become a secant and not a
tangent to the circle). Therefore, OQ is longer than the radius OP of the
circle. That is,
OQ > OP.
Since this happens for every point on the line XY except the point P. OP is
the shortest of all the distances of the point O to the points of XY. So OP is
perpendicular to XY.

25. In Figure 4, O is the centre of the circle and TP is the tangent to the circle

from an external point T. If ∠PBT = 30°, prove that BA : AT = 2 : 1.

Sol. ∠BPA = 90°(Angle in semicircle)

In ∆BPA, ∠ABP + ∠BPA + ∠PAB = 180°
⟹ 30°+90°+∠PAB = 180°
⟹ ∠PAB = 60°
Also ∠POA = 2∠PBA
⟹ ∠POA = 2 × 30° = 60°
 ⟹ OP = AP (sides opposite
to equal angles)
…(𝑖)
In ∆OPT, ∠OPT = 90°
∠POT = 60°
∠PTO = 30° [angle sum
property of a ∆]
Also ∠APT + ∠ATP = ∠PAO
(exterior angle property)
∴∠APT + 30° = 60°
⟹ ∠APT = 30°
∴ AP = AT (sides opposite to equal angles) …(𝑖𝑖)
From (i) and (ii)
⟹ AT = OP = radius of the circle
Now AB = 2r
⟹ AB = 2AT
⟹ = 2⟹AB : AT = 2 : 1

26. Draw a circle of radius 3 cm. From a point P, 7 cm away from its centre draw
two tangents to the circle. Measure the length of each tangent.

Sol.

AP = 6.3 cm (app.)

27. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite to each other on either side
of the road which is 80 m wide. From a point P between them on the road,
the angle of elevation of the top of a pole is 60° and the angle of depression
from the top of another pole at point P is 30°.Find the heights of the poles
and the distance of the point P form the poles.
Sol. Let AB and CD be two poles
Let BP = x m
∴ PD = (80 − 𝑥) m
In right ∆PBA, = tan 60°

⟹ = √3

⟹ AB = √3𝑥 …(𝑖)
In right ∆CDP
= tan 30°
 ⟹ CD = (80 − 𝑥) …(𝑖𝑖)
√
∵ AB = CD
⟹ √3𝑥 = √ (80 − 𝑥)
3𝑥 = 80 − 𝑥⟹4𝑥 = 80⟹𝑥 = 20 m
Now AB = √3𝑥⟹ AB = 20√3 m
∴ Height of poles = 20√3 𝑚
And distance of point P from the pole with angle of elevation 60° is 20 m

28. A box contains cards bearing numbers from 6 to 70. If one card is drawn at
random from box, find the probability that it bears
(i) A one digit number.
(ii) A number divisible by 5.
(iii) An odd number less than 30.
(iv) A composite number between 50 and 70.
Sol. Number of cards in the box = 65
(i) Cards bearing one digit numbers are 6, 7, 8, 9
Number of such cards = 4
∴ Probability of card bears a one digit number =
(ii) B = Number on the cards is divisible by 5
∴ Cards favorable to B are
10, 15, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70
∴ P(B) = =
(iii) C = Card with an odd number less than 30 i.e. 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19,
21, 23, 25, 27, 29
P(C) =
(iv) D : Card with composite number between 50 and 70
i.e. 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69
∴ P(D)= =

29. The base BC of an equilateral triangle ABC lies on y-axis. The coordinates of
point C are (0, -3). The origin is the mid-point of the base. Find the
coordinates of the points A and B. Also find the coordinates of another point
D such that BACD is a rhombus.
Sol. ∵ O is mid point of BC and coordinates of C are (0, -3)
∴ coordinate of B are (0, 3)
Now AO will be the perpendicular bisector
of BC. Therefore A will lie on x-axis. Let
coordinates of A are (x, 0)
Now AB = BC
⟹ (𝑥 − 0) + (0 − 3) = 6
√𝑥 + 9 = 6
𝑥 + 9 = 36⟹𝑥 = 27
𝑥 = ±3√3
∴ coordinates of A are (3√3, 0)
Or −3√3, 0
When A is 3√3, 0 then D will be −3√3, 0 so that BACD is a rhombus
30. A vessel full of water is in the form of an inverted cone of height 8 cm and
the radius of its top, which is open, is 5 cm. 100 spherical lead balls are
dropped into the vessel. One-fourth of the water flows out of the vessel. Find
the radius of a spherical ball.
Sol. Radius of cone = 5 cm
Height of cone = 8 cm
∴ Volume of the cone = 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= 𝜋×5×5×8 = 𝜋 cm3
Let radius of spherical lead ball = x cm
∴ Volume of lead ball = 𝜋𝑥 cm3
A.T.Q. volume of 100 lead balls = × volume of cone
⟹ 100 × 𝜋𝑟 = × 𝜋
400𝑥 = 50
𝑥 = =
𝑥 = = 0.5 cm
∴ Radius of lead ball = 0.5 cm

31. Milk in a container, which is in the form of a frustum of a cone of height 30

cm and the radius of whose lower and upper circular ends are 20 cm and 40
cm respectively, is to be distributed in a camp for flood victims. If this milk
is available at the rate of 35 per litre and 880 litres of milk is needed
daily for a camp, find how many such containers of milk are needed for a
camp and what cost will it put on the donor agency for this. What value is
indicated through this by the donor agency?
Sol. R = 20 cm, R = 40 cm, height = 30 cm
∴ Volume of the container = 𝜋𝑟ℎ[𝑅 + 𝑅 + 𝑅 𝑅 ]
= 𝜋 × 30(20 + 40 + 20 × 40)
×
= 28000𝜋 = = 88000 cm3.
Now 880 litres = 880 × 1000 cm3
= 880000 cm3
Number of container of milk = = 10
Cost of milk = 880 × 35 = 30800
Value: Care for the society.

SET-II
[UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-1]

10. The fifth term of an A.P. is 20 and the sum of its seventh and eleventh terms
is 64. Find the common difference of the A.P.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = a
Common difference = d
𝑎 = 20⟹𝑎 + 4𝑑 = 20⟹𝑎 = 20 − 4𝑑 …(𝑖)
Also 𝑎 + 𝑎 = 64
𝑎 + 6𝑑 + 𝑎 + 10𝑑 = 64
⟹ 2𝑎 + 16𝑑 = 64
 𝑎 + 8𝑑 = 32
⟹ 20 − 4𝑑 + 8𝑑 = 32 [using equation(𝑖)]
4𝑑 = 12
⟹ 𝑑=3

18. Solve for x:

𝑥 − (2𝑏 − 1)𝑥 + (𝑏 − 𝑏 − 20) = 0
Sol. 𝑥 − (2𝑏 − 1)𝑥 + (𝑏 − 𝑏 − 20) = 0
D = [−(2𝑏 − 1)] − 4 × 1 × (𝑏 − 𝑏 − 20)
= 4𝑏 − 4𝑏 + 1 − 4𝑏 + 4𝑏 + 80 = 81
( )±√ ±
∴ 𝑥= ×
=
𝑥= , ⟹𝑥 = 𝑏 − 5, 𝑏 + 4

19. A game consists of tossing a one-rupee coin three times and noting its
outcome each time. Find the probability of getting
(i) Three heads,
(ii) At least two tails
Sol. Possible outcomes
HHH, HHT, HTH, THH, TTT, TTH, THT, HTT
Total number of outcomes = 8
(i) A = getting three heads
∴ P(A) =
(ii) B = getting at least two tails
Outcomes favourable to B are TTT, TTH, THT, HTT
∴ P(B) = =

20. The rain water from a 22 m × 20 m roof drains into a cylindrical vessel of
diameter 2 m and height 3.5 cm. If the rain water collected from the roof
fills th of the cylindrical vessel, then find the rainfall in cm.
Sol. Let rainfall = x m
∴ Volume of rainwater = lbh
= 22 × 20 × 𝑥 = 440𝑥 m3
Radius of cylindrical vessel = 1 m
Height = 3.5 m
Volume of the vessel= 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= × 1 × 3.5 = 22 × 0.5 = 11 m3
Now × 11 = 440𝑥
×
⟹ ×
= 𝑥⟹𝑥 =
⟹ 𝑥= × 100 = 2 cm

28. If 𝑥 = 3 is root of the equation 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0, fint the value of p so that the

roots of the equation 𝑥 + 𝑘(2𝑥 + 𝑘 + 2) + 𝑝 = 0 are equal.
Sol. ∵ 𝑥 = 3 is a root of 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0
⟹ 3 − 3 + 𝑘 = 0⟹𝑘 = −6
∴ 𝑥 + 𝑘(2𝑥 + 𝑘 + 2) + 𝑝 = 0 becomes
𝑥 + (−6)(2𝑥 − 6 + 2) + 𝑝 = 0
 𝑥 − 12𝑥 + 24 + 𝑝 = 0
D = (−12) − 4(24 + 𝑝) = 144 − 96 − 4𝑝
= 48 − 4𝑝
For equal roots, D=0
⟹ 48 − 4𝑝 = 0⟹𝑝 = 12

29. Find the middle term of the sequence formed by all numbers between 9 and
95, which leave a remainder 1 when divided by 3, Also find the sum of the
numbers on both sides of the middle term separately.
Sol. Number are 10, 13, 16, … 94
These number are in AP
𝑎 = 10, 𝑑 = 3
𝑎 = 94⟹𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 94
⟹ 10 + (𝑛 − 1)3 = 94
(𝑛 − 1)3 = 84 ⟹𝑛 − 1 = 28
𝑛 = 29
∴ Middle term = = 15th term
𝑎 = 𝑎 + 14𝑑
= 10 + 14 × 3 = 52
Number of terms before 15th term = 14
∴ Sum = (2 × 10 + 13 × 3)
= (20 + 39)
= 14 × 59 = 826
𝑎 = 𝑎 + 15𝑑
= 10 + 15 × 3 = 55
𝑎 = 94
∴ Number of terms = 14
∴ Sum = (55 + 94)
= × 149 = 7 × 149 = 1043

31. To a circle of radius 4 cm, draw two tangents which are inclined to each
other at an angle of 60°.

Sol.
 SET-III
[UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-I & II]
10. The ninth term of an A.P. is -32 and the sum of its eleventh and thirteenth term
is -94. Find the common difference of the A.P.
Sol. Let 1st term of the AP = a
Common difference = d
𝑎 = −32
⟹ 𝑎 + 8𝑑 = −32 ⟹𝑎 = −32 − 8𝑑

Also 𝑎 + 𝑎 = −94
𝑎 + 10𝑑 + 𝑎 + 12𝑑 = −94
2𝑎 + 22𝑑 = −94
𝑎 + 11𝑑 = −47
−32 − 8𝑑 + 11𝑑 = −47
⟹ 3𝑑 = −15
𝑑 = −5

18. A bag contains 20 balls out of which x balls are red.

(i) If one ball is drawn at random from the bag, find the probability that it is
not red.
(ii) If 4 more balls are put into the bag, the probability of drawing a red ball
will be times the probability of drawing a red ball in the first case. Find
the value of x.

Sol. Total number of balls = 20

Number of red balls = x
Number on non-red balls = 20 – x
∴ Probability that ball drawn is not red =
Probability that ball drawn is red =
When 4 more red balls are put into the bag
Then, total number of balls = 24
Number of red balls = (𝑥 + 4)
Now, Probability that ball drawn is red =
A.T.Q., = ×
⟹ 4𝑥 + 16 = 6𝑥 ⟹2𝑥 = 16
𝑥=8

19. Solve for x:

𝑥 + 6𝑥 − (𝑎 + 2𝑎 − 8) = 0
Sol. 𝑥 + 6𝑥 − (𝑎 + 2𝑎 − 8) = 0
D = (6) − 4 × 1 × [−(𝑎 + 2𝑎 − 8)]
= 36 + 4𝑎 + 8𝑎 − 32
= 4𝑎 + 8𝑎 + 4
= 4(𝑎 + 2𝑎 + 1 = 4(𝑎 + 1)
( ) ( )
∴ 𝑥= ,
 ( ) ( )
= ,
= −2 + 𝑎, −4 − 𝑎

29. Find the middle term of the sequence formed by all three-digit numbers which
leave a remainder 5 when divided by 7. Also find the sum of all numbers on
both sides of the middle term separately.
Sol. Three digit numbers are 103, 110, 117, … 999.
These numbers are in AP
𝑎 = 103, 𝑑 = 7
𝑎 = 999
⟹ 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 = 999
103 + (𝑛 − 1)7 = 999
(𝑛 − 1)7 = 896
𝑛 − 1 = 128 ⟹𝑛 = 129
∴ Middle term = = 65th
𝑎 = 𝑎 + 64𝑑
= 103 + 64 × 7 = 103 + 448 = 551
Number of terms before 65th term = 64
∴ Sum = (2 × 103 + 63 × 7)
= 32(206 + 441)
= 20704
𝑎 = 103 + 65 × 7 = 558
𝑎 = 999

Number of terms = 64
Sum = (558 + 999) = 49824

30. Draw a circle of radius 3.5 cm. Draw two tangents to the circle which
are perpendicular to each other.

Sol.
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2016
[All India Set- I, II, III]

Time Allowed – 3 Hours Maximum Marks - 90

General Instructions

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four
sections A, B, C and D.
(iii) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each. Section B contains 6
questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3
marks each and Section D contains 11 questions of 4 marks each.
(iv) Use of calculators is not permitted.

SET 1

SET-I

1. In given figure, PQ is a tangent at a point C to a circle with centre O. If AB is a

diameter and ∠CAB = 30°, find ∠PCA.
P
C
Q
30°
A B
O

Sol. Construction: Join AO.

Given: PQ is tangent. AB is diameter ∠CAB = 30°
To Find: ∠PCA
Solution: In ∆AOC, AO = CO (∵ Equal radii)
∠CAO = ∠OCA (∵ Angle opposite to equal sides are equal)
Or ∠CAB = ∠OCA
But, ∠CAB = 30° So, ∠OCA = 30° …(i)
Since, OC ⊥ PQ (∵ Tangent is perpendicular to radius at point of contact)
⟹ ∠PCO = 90°⟹∠OCA + ∠PCA = 90° ⟹ 30° + ∠PCA = 90°
∴ ∠PCA = 60°

2. For what value of k will 𝑘 + 9, 2𝑘 − 1 and 2𝑘 + 7 are consecutive terms of an

A.P.?
Sol. Given that 𝑘 + 9, 2𝑘 − 1 and 2𝑘 + 7 are in A.P.
Then (2𝑘 − 1) − (𝑘 + 9) = (2𝑘 + 7) − (2𝑘 − 1)
⟹ 𝑘 − 10 = 8⟹𝑘 = 18
3. A ladder, leaning against a wall, makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal. If
the foot of the ladder is 2.5 m away from the wall, find the length of the
ladder.
A
Sol. Let AC be the ladder of length x.
In ∆ABC, = cos 60°
.
x
⟹ = ⟹𝑥 = 2 × 2.5 = 5 m
Thus, length of the ladder is 5 m. 60°
C B
2.5 m

4. A card is drawn at random from a well shuffled pack of 52 playing cards. Find
the probability of getting neither a red card nor a queen.
Sol. Number of total possible outcomes when one card is drawn = 52
Number of favourable outcomes when card is neither red nor queen = 28
Required probability = = =

5. If – 5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2𝑥 + 𝑝𝑥 − 15 = 0 and the quadratic

equation 𝑝(𝑥 + 𝑥) = 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots, find the value of k.
Sol. ∵ - 5 is the root of the quadratic equation 2𝑥 + 𝑝𝑥 − 15 = 0
⟹ 2(−5) + 𝑝(−5) − 15 = 0
⟹ 50 − 5𝑝 − 15 = 0 ⟹ 35 − 5𝑝 = 0
⟹ 5𝑝 = 35 ⟹ 𝑝=7
Now, given that equation 𝑝(𝑥 + 𝑥) = 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots
i.e. 7(𝑥 + 𝑥) + 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots
i.e. 7𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 𝑘 = 0 has equal roots
⟹ 7 − 4 × 7 × 𝑘 = 0 [∵ For equal roots, D = 0, i.e. 𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0]
⟹ 7(7 − 4𝑘) = 0
⟹ 𝑘=

6. Let P and Q be the points of trisection of the line segment joining the points
A(2, -2) and B(-7, 4) such that P is nearer to A. Find the coordinates of P and
Q.
Sol. Let A(2, -2), B(-7, 4) be given points. Let P(x, y), Q(x’, y’) are point of
P Q
trisection.
A B
(2, -2) (-7, 4)
P divides AB in the ration 1 : 2
× ( ) ( )( ) ( )
Coordinates of P are , or (−1, 0)
Q is mid point of PB. So using mid point formula coordinates of Q are
, or (−4, 2)
7. In figure, a quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to D R C
circumscribe a circle, with centre O, in such a way that
the sides AB, BC, CD and DA touch the circle at the S
O Q
points P, Q, R and S respectively. Prove that AB + CD =
BC +DA.
Sol. We know that tangents drawn to a circle from an outer
points are equal. A P B
So, AP = AS, BP = BQ, CR = CQ and DR = DS.
Now, consider
AP + BP + CR + DR = AS + BQ + CQ + DS
⟹ AB + CD = AD + BC
Hence proved.

8. Prove that the points (3, 0), (6, 4) and (-1, 3) are the vertices of a right angled
isosceles triangle.
Sol. Let the triangle be ∆ABC as shown in figure. Distances are:
Using distance formula,
AB = (3 − 6) + (0 − 4) = 5
BC = (6 + 1) + (4 − 3) = 5√2 A(3, 0)
CA = (−1 − 3) + (3 − 0) = 5
Here, AB = AC ⟹∆ABC is isosceles triangle
Consider, AB2 + AC2 = (5)2 + (5)2 = 25 + 25 = 50
⟹ and, BC = 5√2 = 50
∴ Here, AB + AC = BC B(6, 4) C(-1, 3)
⟹∆ABC is a right angled triangle.
[∵ In right ∆, using Pythagoras theorem (H) = (P) + (B) ]
Where H = hypotenuse, B = base, P = perpendiculars

9. The 4th term of an A.P. is zero. Prove that the 25th term of the A.P. is three
times its 11th term.
Sol. Lea a be first term and d be the common difference of the A.P. Then
𝑎 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
𝑎 = 𝑎 + (4 − 1)𝑑
0 = 𝑎 + 3𝑑⟹𝑎 = −3𝑑 [∵ Given, 𝑎 = 0]
Now 𝑎 = 𝑎 + (25 − 1)𝑑 = 𝑎 + 24𝑑 = −3𝑑 + 24𝑑 = 21𝑑 = 3 × 7𝑑
Hence, 𝑎 = 3 × 𝑎 [∵ Since 𝑎 = 𝑎 + (11 − 1)𝑑 = −3𝑑 + 10 = 7𝑑]

10. In given figure, from an external point P, two

T
tangents PT and PS are drawn to a circle with
centre O and radius r. If PO = 2r, show that
O Q P
∠OTS = ∠OST = 30°.
Sol. Let ∠TOP = θ
In right triangle OTP we have S
∴ cos 𝜃 = = = = cos 60°⟹𝜃 = 60°
Hence ∠TOS = 2 × 60 = 120° [∵∠TOP = ∠POS as angles opposite to equal
tangent are equal]
In ∆OTS, we have OT = OS [∵Equal radii]
⟹ ∠OTS = ∠OST [∵ Angle opposite to equal sides are equal]
In ∆OTS,
∠OTS + ∠OST + ∠TOS = 180°
2∠OST = 60°
∴ ∠OST = ∠OTS = 30° Hence proved.

11. In figure, O is the centre of a circle such that diameter AB = A

13 cm and AC = 12 cm. BC is joined. Find the area of the
shaded region. (Take 𝜋 = 3.14) O
Sol. Here, BC = AB − AC = 169 − 144 = 25
∴ BC = 5
Area of shaded region = Area of semicircle – Area of right B C
triangle ABC
= × 𝜋𝑟 − AC × BC

= × 3.14 − × 12 × 5 = 66.33 − 30 = 36.33 cm

12. In figure, a tent is in the shape of a cylinder

surmounted by a conical top of same diameter. If the 2.8 m
height and diameter of cylindrical part are 2.1 m and 3
m respectively and the slant height of conical part is 2.8
m, find the cost of canvas need to make the tent if the 2.1 m
canvas is available at the rate of 500/sq. metre.
(Use 𝜋 = )

Sol. Area canvas needed = curved surface area of cylinder + 3m

curved surface area of cone
= 2𝜋𝑟ℎ + 𝜋𝑟𝑙 [where r = radius, h = height, l = slant height]
=2× × 1.5 × 2.1 + × 1.5 × 2.8
= [6.3 + 4.2] = × 10.5 = 33 𝑚
Cost of canvas = 33 × 500 = 16500

13. If the point P(x, y) is equidistant from the points A(a + b, b – a) and B(a – b,
a + b). Prove that bx = ay.
Sol. Given, PA = PB⟹PA = PB
P(x, y)
Applying distance formula,
⟹ (𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑥) + (𝑏 − 𝑎 − 𝑦) = (𝑎 − 𝑏 − 𝑥) + (𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑦)
⟹ (𝑎 + 𝑏) + 𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏𝑥 + (𝑏 − 𝑎) + 𝑦 − 2𝑏𝑦 + 2𝑎𝑦
= (𝑎 − 𝑏) + 𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑏𝑥 + (𝑎 + 𝑏) + 𝑦 − 2𝑎𝑦 − 2𝑏𝑦
⟹4𝑎𝑦 = 4𝑏𝑥 ⟹ 𝑎𝑦 = 𝑏𝑥 or 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑎𝑦 Hence proved.
A(a + b, b – a) B(a – b, a + b)
14. In figure, find the area of the shaded region, enclosed between two concentric
circles of radius 7 cm and 14 cm where ∠AOC = 40°. Use π =
°
Sol. Area of shaded region = × 𝜋(R − 𝑟 )
° O
° 40°
= °
× 𝜋[(14) − (7) ]
= × (196 − 49) = × × 147 B D

= = 410.67 cm A C

15. If the ratio of the sum of first n terms of two A.P.’s is (7𝑛 + 1) ∶ (4𝑛 + 27), find
the ratio of their mth terms.
Sol. Let S and S be the sum of n terms of two A.P.’s. Let a, a’ and d, d’ be first
terms and common difference of two A.P.’s. Then
[ ( ) ]
=
[ ( ) ]

= = …(i)

( )
Since = [∵ Let 𝑡 , 𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑚 terms of two A.P.’s]
( )

So replacing be 𝑚 − 1, i.e. 𝑛 = 2𝑚 − 1 in (i)

( ) ( )
= ( )
= ( )
=
Thus, the ratio of their 𝑚 terms is 14𝑚 − 6 ∶ 8𝑚 + 23.

16. Solve for x: ( )( )

+( )( )
= , 𝑥 ≠ 1, 2, 3

Sol. ( )( )
+( )( )
= , 𝑥 ≠ 1, 2, 3
(2𝑥 )
⟹
( )( )( )
= ⟹( )( )( )
=
( )
⟹
( )( )( )
=
⟹ 3 = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3) ⟹ 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 3
⟹𝑥 − 4𝑥 = 0⟹ 𝑥(𝑥 − 4) = 0⟹𝑥 = 0 or 𝑥 = 4

17. A conical vessel, with base radius 5 cm and height 24 cm, is full of water. This
water is emptied into a cylindrical vessel of base radius 10 cm. Find the height
to which the water will rise in the cylindrical vessel. Use π =

Sol. Volume of water in conical vessel

= 𝜋𝑟 ℎ [where r = radius, h = height]
= × × 5 × 5 × 24 cm
Let height of water in cylindrical vessel be h then volume of water in cylinder
= 𝜋𝑟 ℎ
= × 10 × 10 × ℎ cm
A.T.Q.
Volume of water in conical vessel = Volume of water in cylindrical vessel
 ⟹ × × 5 × 5 × 24 = × 10 × 10 × ℎ
× ×
⟹ ℎ= × ×
= 2 cm
∴ Height to which water rises in cylindrical vessel = 2 cm

18. A sphere of diameter 12 cm, is dropped in a right circular cylindrical vessel,

party filled with water. If the sphere is completely submerged in water, the
60°
water level in the cylindrical vessel rises by 3 cm. Find the diameter of the
30°
cylindrical vessel.

Sol. We know that, Volume of sphere =

= 𝜋 × (6) = 𝜋 × 216 cm
Let radius of cylindrical vessel be r cm then, volume of cylinder is:
V = π𝑟 ℎ = 𝜋𝑟 × cm
According to question,
Volume of sphere = volume of cylinder
𝜋 × 216 = 𝜋 × 𝑟 ×
× ×
𝑟 = ×
= 27 × 3 = 81
𝑟 = 81
𝑟 = 9 cm
∴ Diameter of cylindrical vessel = 2𝑟 = 18 cm

19. A man standing on the deck of a ship, which is 10 m above water level,
observes the angle of elevation of the top of a hill as 60° and the angle of
depression of the base of hill as 30°. Find the distance of the hill from the ship
and the height of the hill.
Sol. Let AB the water level, DA be the height of ship = 10 m
C
Let BC be the hill of height h from water level.
Let AB = x
In ∆DEB,
= tan 30° ⟹ = y (h - 10) m
√
⟹ 𝑥 = 10√3m …(i) h

Now, in ∆CED, = tan 60° D x E

⟹ = √3 ...[From (i)] 10m 10m

√ Water level
⟹ ℎ − 10 = 30 A x B
⟹ ℎ = 40 m
So, distance of hill from ship = 10√3m and the height of the hill = 40 m.

20. Three different coins are tossed together. Find the probability of getting
(i) exactly two heads (ii) at least two heads (iii) at least two tails.
Sol. Possible outcomes when three coins are tossed
HHH, HHT, HTT, TTT, THH, TTH, HTH, THT
(i) Number of exactly two heads are HHT, HTH and THH.
P(exactly two heads) =
(ii) In case of at least two heads, outcomes are HHT, HTH, THH and HHH.
 P(at least two heads) = =
(iii) In case of at least two tails, outcomes are TTH, THT, HTT and TTT.
P(at least two tails) = =

21. Due to heavy floods in a state, thousands were rendered homeless. 50 schools
collectively offered to the state government to provide place and the canvas
for 1500 tents to be fixed by the government and decided to share the whole
expenditure equally. The lower part of each tent is cylindrical of base radius
2.8 m and height 3.5 m, with conical upper part of same base radius but of
height 2.1 m. If the canvas used to make the tents costs 120 per sq. m. find
the amount shared by each school to set up the tents. What value is generated
by the above problem? Use π =

Sol. Slant height of conical part = √𝑟 + ℎ = (2.8) + (2.1) = √7.84 + 4.41

= √12.25 = 3.5 m
Area of tents = Curved surface area of cylindrical part + Curved surface area
of conical part
= 2𝜋𝑟ℎ + 𝜋𝑟𝑙
=2× × 2.8 × 3.5 × + × 2.8 × 3.5
=3× × 2.8 × 3.5 = 92.4 m
∴ Canvas required for 1500 tents = 1500 × 92.4 = 138600 m
Cost of 1500 tents = (1500 × 92.4) × 120 = 16632000
[∵ Making tents costs 120 per sq.
m]
Share of each school = = 332640
School authorities are concerned about safety of children and their families.

22. Prove that the length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
equal.
Sol. Given: A circle C(O, r), P is a point outside the circle and PA and PB are
tangents to a circle. A
To Prove: PA = PB
Construction: Draw OA, OB and OP.
Proof: Consider triangles OAP and OBP. O P
∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90° …(i)
[Radius is perpendicular to
the tangent at the point of contact] B
OA = OB (radii) …(ii)
OP is common …(iii)
∴ ∆OAP ≅ ∆OBP(RHS) [from (i), (ii) and (iii)]
Hence, AP = BP (CPCT)
23. Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. Draw two tangents to the circle inclined at an
angle of 60° to each other. A

Sol. Steps of construction: 4 cm

1. Draw a circle of radius 4 cm with centre
P 30° 120° O
O.
2. Take point A on circle. Join OA. 4 cm
3. Draw line AP perpendicular to radius OA. B
4. Draw ∠AOB = 120° at O.
5. Join A and B at P, to get 2 tangents. Here ∠APB = 60°.

24. In given figure, two equal circles, with centres O C

and O’, touch each other at X. OO’ produced meets
D
the circle with centre O’ at A. AC is tangent to the
A O’ O
circle with centre O at the point C. O’D is X

perpendicular to AC. Find the value of .

Sol. AC is tangent to the circle with O.

In ∆ADO’ and ∆ACO, C
∠ADO = ∠ACO (each 90°)
D
∠DAO = ∠CAO (Common) A X
∴ By AA criterion, r O’ r r O

= [∵ corresponding parts
of similar triangle]
AO = AO + O X + XO = 𝑟 + 𝑟 + 𝑟 = 3𝑟
= [∴AO = AO + O X + XO = 3AO]

25. Solve for x: + = = , 𝑥 ≠ −1, −2, −4

Sol. + = ⟹( )( )
=
⟹(3𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 + 4) = 4(𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 2) ⟹ 3𝑥 + 16𝑥 + 16 = 4𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 8
±√ ± √
⟹ 𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 8 = 0⟹𝑥 = ⟹𝑥 = = 2 ± 2√3

26. The angle of elevation of the top Q of a vertical tower PQ from a point X on
the ground is 60°. From a point Y, 40 m vertically above X, the angle of
elevation of the top Q of tower 45°. Find the height of the tower PQ and the
distance PX. (Use √3 = 1.73)
Q
Sol. Let height of PQ be h.
Let z be the distance between X and P.
∵ XPRY is rectangle.
(h-40)m
∴ RP = XY = 40 m and PX = YR = z
In ∆QPX, = tan 60°⟹ = √3 h
45°
Y R
⟹ =𝑧 …(i) z
√
In ∆QRY, = tan 45° 40 m 40 m
60°
 ⟹ = 1 ⟹ ℎ − 40 = 𝑧 …(ii)
X P
From (i) and (ii), we get z

= ℎ − 40⟹ℎ = ℎ√3 − 40√3⟹ℎ√3 − ℎ = 40√3

√
⟹ ℎ √3 − 1 = 40√3
√ √ (√ ) ( √ )
⟹ ℎ= = =
( ) ( )( )
⟹ ℎ = 20(3 + 1.73) = 20 × 4.73 = 94.6 m …(iii)
So, height of the tower PQ = 94.6 m
And the distance PX = 94.6-40=54.6 m [From (ii) and (iii)]

27. The houses in a row are numbered consecutively from 1 to 49. Show that there
exists a value of X such that sum of numbers of houses preceding the house
numbered X is equal to sum of the numbers of houses following X.
Sol. The A.P. of numbers of houses preceding house numbered x is: 1 + 2 + 3 + …+
(x-1)
∴ Sum, S = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑], where a→ first term
d→ common difference
( )
= [2 × 1 + (𝑥 − 1 − 1) × 1]
( ) ( )
= × [2 + 𝑥 − 2] =
Now, A.P. of total number of houses following x is: (𝑥 + 1) + (𝑥 + 2) + ⋯ + 49
𝑛 = 49 − (𝑥 + 1) + 1 = 49 − 𝑥
∴ Sum of these numbers, S = [𝑎 + 𝑙], where l is last term
( ) ( )
= [𝑥 + 1 + 49] = (𝑥 + 50)
According to question,
( ) ( )( )
=
⟹ 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 49𝑥 + 2450 − 𝑥 − 50𝑥
⟹ 2𝑥 = 2450
⟹ 𝑥 = 1225⟹𝑥 = 35
Justification:
Now, A.P. of numbers before house numbered 𝑥 = 1 + 2 + ⋯ + 34
∴ S = [𝑎 + 𝑙] = × [1 + 34] = 17 × 35 = 595
Now, A.P. of numbers following house numbered 𝑥 = 36 + 37 … + 49
∴ S = [36 + 49] = 7 × 85 = 595
Hence, for value of 𝑥 = 35, the sum of numbers of houses preceding house
numbered x is equal to sum of numbers of houses following x.

28. In fig., the vertices of ∆ABC are A(4, 6), B(1, 5) and C(7, A(4, 6)
2). A line segment DE is drawn to intersect the side AB 1 1
D E
and AC at D and E respectively such that = = .
3
Calculate the area of ∆ADE and compare it with area of
∆ABC.

Sol. Given: = B(1, 5) C(7, 2)

3AD = AB
 ∴ 3AD = AD + DB
2AD = DB
=
Similarly, =
Calculated using section formula
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Coordinates of D are , i.e. 3,
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
Coordinates of E are , i.e. 5,
Area of ∆ADE = |𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 ) + 𝑥 (𝑦 − 𝑦 )|
= 4 − +3 −6 +6 6−
= 4+3 +5
= 4−4+ = sq. units
Area of ∆ABC = [4(5 − 2) + 1(2 − 6) + 7(6 − 5)]
= [4 × 3 + (−4) + 7 × 1]
= [12 − 4 + 7]
= × 15 = sq. units
(∆ ) ⁄
Hence, (∆ )
= ⁄
= ÷ = × =

29. A number x is selected at random from the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4. Another

number y is selected at random from the numbers 1, 4, 9 and 16. Find the
probability that product of x and y is less than 16.
Sol. x can be any one of 1, 2, 3 or 4 and y can be any one of 1, 4, 9 or 16.
Total number of cases of xy = 16
Number of cases when product is less than 16 are 1 × 1, 1 × 4, 1 × 9, 2 × 1, 2 ×
4, 3 × 1, 3 × 4, 4 × 1, i.e. 8 cases.
Required probability = = =

B
30. In figure, is shown a sector OAP of a circle with centre O,
containing ∠θ. AB is perpendicular to the radius OA and
meets OP produced at B. Prove that the perimeter of shaded P
region is 𝑟 tan 𝜃 + sec 𝜃 + −1 .
θ
O A
Sol. Length are AP = × 2𝜋𝑟 = r

Now = tan 𝜃⟹𝐴𝐵 = 𝑟 tan 𝜃

= sec 𝜃⟹OB = 𝑟 sec 𝜃
PB = OB − 𝑟 = 𝑟 sec 𝜃 − 𝑟
Perimeter of shaded region = AB + PB + AP
= 𝑟 tan 𝜃 + 𝑟 sec 𝜃 − 𝑟 +
= 𝑟 tan 𝜃 + sec 𝜃 − 1 +
31. A motor boat whose speed is 24 km/h in still water takes 1 hour more to go 32
km upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of
the stream.
Sol. Let the speed of the stream be xkm/h
Upstream case: Speed of boat = (24 − 𝑥) km/h
Time taken for going 32 km upstream = hours
Downstream case: Speed of boat = (24 + 𝑥) km/h
Time taken for going 32 km downstream = hours
According to question,
− = 1 ⟹32 ( )( )
=1 ∵ Time =

⟹ 32 = 1⟹ 64𝑥 = 576 − 𝑥
⟹ 𝑥 + 64𝑥 − 576 = 0 ⟹ (𝑥 + 72)(𝑥 − 8) = 0

⟹ 𝑥 = 8, 𝑥 = −72
⟹ 𝑥=8 (as speed cannot be negative)
Hence, speed of the stream is 8 km/hr.

SET-II [UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-I]

10. Solve for x: √2𝑥 + 9 + 𝑥 = 13

Sol. √2𝑥 + 9 + 𝑥 = 13
⟹ √2𝑥 + 9 = (13 − 𝑥)
Squaring both sides, we get
⟹ 2𝑥 + 9 = (13 − 𝑥)
⟹ 2𝑥 + 9 = 169 − 26𝑥 + 𝑥
⟹ 𝑥 − 28𝑥 + 160 = 0
⟹ (𝑥 − 20)(𝑥 − 8) = 0
⟹ 𝑥 = 20 or 𝑥 = 8
⟹ 𝑥 = 8 [as 𝑥 = 20 does not satisfy the equation]

18. The digits of a positive number of three digits are in A.P. and their sum is 15.
The number obtained by reversing the digits is 594 less than the original
number. Find the number.
Sol. Let the required numbers in A.P. are 𝑎 − 𝑑, 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑 respectively.
Now, 𝑎 − 𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 15 [∵ Sum of digit = 15]
⟹ 3𝑎 = 15 ⟹ 𝑎=5
According to question, number is
100(𝑎 − 𝑑) + 10𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑑, i.e. 111𝑎 − 99𝑑
Number on reversing the digits is
100 (a+d) + 10a + a-d i.e. 111a + 99d
Now, as per given condition in question,
(111𝑎 − 99𝑑) − (111𝑎 + 99𝑑) = 594
−198𝑑 = 594
𝑑 = −3
∴ Digits of number are [5 − (−3), 5, (5 + (−3)] = 8, 5, 2
∴ Required number is 111 × (5) − 99(−3) = 555 + 297 = 852
19. If the roots of the quadratic equation (𝑎 − 𝑏)𝑥 + (𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 + (𝑐 − 𝑎) = 0 are
equal, prove that 2𝑎 = 𝑏 + 𝑐.
Sol. (𝑎 − 𝑏)𝑥 + (𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 + (𝑐 − 𝑎) = 0
For equal roots, discriminant, D = 0
⟹ (𝑏 − 𝑐) − 4(𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑐 − 𝑎) = 0
⟹ 𝑏 − 2𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐 − 4(𝑎𝑐 − 𝑎 − 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎𝑏) = 0
⟹ 𝑏 − 2𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐 − 4𝑎𝑐 + 4𝑎 + 4𝑏𝑐 − 4𝑎𝑏 = 0
⟹ 4𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 − 4𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏𝑐 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0
⟹ (2𝑎 − 𝑏 − 𝑐) = 0
⟹ 2𝑎 − 𝑏 − 𝑐 = 0
⟹ 2𝑎 = 𝑏 + 𝑐

20. From a pack of 52 playing cards, Jacks, Queens and Kings of red colour are
removed. From the remaining, a card is drawn at random. Find the
probability that drawn card is:
(i) a black King. (ii) a card of red colour. (iii) a card of black colour.
Sol. Removed red colour cards = 3 × 2 = 6
Remaining cards = 52 − 6 = 46
(i) Number of black king = 2
P(a black king) = =
(ii) Number of red colour cards = 26
Remaining red colour cards = 26 − 6 = 20
P(a card of red colour) = =
(iii) Number of black cards = 26
P(a black colour card) = =

28. Draw an isosceles ∆ABC in which BC = 5.5 cm and A

altitude AL = 3 cm. Then construct another triangle
whose sides are of the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.
C’
B C
L
Sol. Steps of construction:
A1
1. Draw BC = 5.5 cm
2. Construct AP the perpendicular bisector of BC A2
meeting BC at L. A3 P
3. Along LP cut off LA = 3 cm. A4
4. Join BA and CA. Then ∆ABC so obtained is the
required ∆ABC. Y

5. Draw an acute angle CBY and cut 4 equal lengths as

BA = A A = A A = A A and join CA .
6. Now draw a line through A parallel toCA intersecting BC at C’.
7. Draw a line through C’ and parallel to AC intersecting AB at A’. BA’C’ is
the required triangle.
29. Prove that tangent drawn at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius
through the point of contact.
Sol. Given: A circle C(O, r) and a tangent AB at a point P.
To prove: OP ⊥ AB
Construction: Take any point Q other than P on
the tangent AB. O

Join OQ, intersecting circle at R. R

Proof: We have, OP = OR [Radius]
OQ = OR + RQ A P Q B
∴ OQ > OR ⟹ OQ > OP [∵ OR = OP = radius]
Thus, OP < OQ, i.e. OP is shorter than any other segment joining O to any
point of AB. But among all line segments, joining point O to point on AB,
shortest one is perpendicular from O on AB.
Hence, OP ⊥ AB

30. As observed from the top of a light house, 100 m high above sea level, the
angles of depression of a ship, sailing directly towards it, changes from 30° to
60°. Find the distance travelled by the ship during the period of observation.
(Use √3 = 1.73)
A
Sol. Let AB be the tower of height 100 m. 30°
60°
Let BC = 𝑦 and CD = 𝑥.
In ∆ABC, = tan 60° 100 m
⟹ = √3⟹𝑦 =
√
60° 30°
In ∆ABD, = tan 30°⟹ = B D
√ y C x
⟹ 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 100√3⟹ 100√3 − 𝑦
⟹ 𝑥 = 100√3 − = = …[From (i)]
√ √ √
√ × .
⟹ 𝑥= = = 115.33 m
The distance travelled by the ship is 115.33 m

31. A rectangular park is to be designed whose breadth is 3 m less than its length.
Its area is to be 4 square metres more than the area of a park that has already
been made in the shape of an isosceles triangle with its base as the breadth of
the rectangular park and of altitude 12 m. Find the length and breadth of the
rectangular park.

Sol. Let length of rectangular park be x m and breadth be (x – 3) m

Base of isosceles ∆= (𝑥 − 3) m
Altitude of ∆= 12 m x-3
According to question,
Area of rectangular park = Area of ∆ + 4 x
⟹ 𝑥(𝑥 − 3) = (𝑥 − 3) × 12 + 4
⟹ 𝑥(𝑥 − 3) = 6(𝑥 − 3) + 4
⟹ 𝑥 − 3𝑥 = 6𝑥 − 18 + 4 12
⟹ 𝑥 − 9𝑥 + 14 = 0
⟹ (𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
(x – 3)
 ⟹ 𝑥 = 7 Or 𝑥=2
But 𝑥 = 2 is rejected otherwise breadth will be –ve which is not possible.
∴ Length of rectangular park is 7 m and breadth is 4 m.

SET-III [UNCOMMON QUESTIONS TO SET-I & II]

10. Solve for x: √6𝑥 + 7 − (2𝑥 − 7) = 0.

Sol. √6𝑥 + 7 − (2𝑥 − 7) = 0

⟹ √6𝑥 + 7 = (2𝑥 − 7)
Squaring both sides, we get
⟹ 6𝑥 + 7 = (2𝑥 − 7)
⟹ 6𝑥 + 7 = 4𝑥 − 28𝑥 + 49
⟹ 4𝑥 + 34𝑥 + 42 = 0
⟹ 2𝑥 − 17𝑥 + 21 = 0
⟹ 2𝑥 − 14𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 21 = 0
⟹ 2𝑥(𝑥 − 7) − 3(𝑥 − 7) = 0
⟹ (2𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 7) = 0
⟹ 𝑥 = 7 or 𝑥 =
⟹ 𝑥 = 7[as 𝑥 = does not satisfy the equation]

18. There are 100 cards in a bag on which numbers from 1 to 100 are written. A
card is taken out from the bag at random. Find the probability that the
number on the selected card:
(i) Is divisible by 9 and is a perfect square.
(ii) Is a prime number greater than 80.
Sol. Total possible cases = 100
(i) Favourable cases when number is a perfect square and is divisible by 9
are 9, 36 and 81.
So, number of favourable cases = 3
Required probability = =
(ii) Favourable cases the prime numbers greater than 80 are 83, 89 and 97
So, number of favourable cases = 3
Required probability = =

19. Three consecutive natural numbers are such that the square of the middle
number exceeds the difference of the squares of the other two by 60. Find the
numbers.
Sol. Let three consecutive natural numbers are 𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 and 𝑥 + 1.
According to question,
𝑥 − [(𝑥 + 1) − (𝑥 − 1) ] = 60
⟹ 𝑥 − [(𝑥 + 1 − 𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1 + 𝑥 − 1)] = 60
⟹ 𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 60 = 0
⟹ 𝑥 − 10𝑥 + 6𝑥 − 60 = 0
⟹ 𝑥(𝑥 − 10) + 6(𝑥 − 10) = 0
⟹ (𝑥 + 6)(𝑥 − 10) = 0
⟹ 𝑥 = 10 (𝑥 = −6, rejected)
Hence, the numbers are 9, 10 and 11.

20. The sums of first n terms of three arithmetic progressions are S , S and S
respectively. The first term of each A.P. is 1 and their common differences are
1, 2 and 3 respectively. Prove that S + S = 2S .

Sol. Here, sum of n terms of AP is S = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]

( )
S = [2 + (𝑛 − 1)1 = [∵ where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑑 = 1]
S = [2 + (𝑛 − 1)2] = (2𝑛) = 𝑛 [∵ where 𝑎 = 1, 𝑑 = 2]
S = [2 + (𝑛 − 1)3
= [2 + 3𝑛 − 3] = [3𝑛 − 1]

Now, consider S + S =
= 2𝑛 = 2S

28. Two pipes running together can fill a tank in 11 minutes. If one pipe takes 5
minutes more than the other to fill the tank separately, find the time in which
each pipe would fill the tank separately.
Sol. Let one pipe take x minutes to fill the tank.
Then, another pipe takes x + 5 to fill the tank.
According to question,
+ = ∵ 11 =
100[𝑥 + 5 + 𝑥] = 9[𝑥 + 5𝑥]
200𝑥 + 500 = 9𝑥 + 45𝑥
9𝑥 − 155𝑥 − 500 = 0
9𝑥 − 180𝑥 + 25𝑥 − 500 = 0
9𝑥(𝑥 − 20) + 25(𝑥 − 20) = 0
(9𝑥 + 25)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
𝑥 = 20 or 𝑥 = − (Rejected)
Hence, one pipe takes 20 minutes and another takes 25 minutes to fill the
tank.

29. From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of the top of a tower is
observed to be 60°. From a point 40 m vertically above the first point of
observation, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 30°. Find the
height of the tower and its horizontal distance from the point of observation.
Sol. Let h be the height of the tower and x be the horizontal distance from the
point of observation
∵ BDEC is a rectangle,
∴ CB = ED = x and CE = BD = 40 m
In ∆ABC, tan 30° =
⟹ = ⟹𝑥 = AB√3 …(i)
√
Now, in ∆AED, tan 60° =
A
⟹ √3 = ⟹𝑥 = …(ii)
√
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
AB√3 = [∵ AB + 40 = ℎ ⟹AB= ℎ − 40] C 30°
B
√

√3(ℎ − 40) = √
h
3(ℎ − 40) = ℎ ⟹ 3ℎ − 120 = ℎ 40 m
2ℎ = 120 ⟹ ℎ = 60 m
√
From (ii), 𝑥 = ⟹𝑥 = ⟹𝑥 = 60°
√ √
⟹ 𝑥 = 20√3 ⟹ 𝑥 = 34.641 m E x

30. Draw a triangle with sides 5 cm, 6 cm and 7 cm. Then draw another triangle
whose sides are of the corresponding sides of first triangle.
X
Sol. Steps of construction:
C
1. Draw a line segment AB of length 7 cm.
Then using A as centre and distance 5 cm draw C’
6 cm
an arc C. Also draw an arc using B as centre 5
and with distance 6 cm, which intersect earlier cm
drawn arc at C. Join AC and BC. A B
2. Draw an acute angle BAZ and cut AZ as 7 cm B’
AA = A A = A A = A A = A A and join A1
A2
BA .
3. Through A draw a line parallel BA A3
intersecting AB at B’. A4
4. Through B’ draw a line parallel to BC A5
intersecting AC at C’.
Z
∆AB’C’ is the required triangle.

31. A number x is selected at random from the numbers 1, 4, 9, 16 and another

number y is selected at random from the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4. Find the
probability that the value of xy is more than 16.
Sol. x can be 1, 4, 9 or 16 and y can be 1, 2, 3 or 4.
Total number of cases of xy are 16.
Number of cases when xy is more than 16 are (9 × 2), (9 × 3), (9 × 4), (16 ×
2), (16 × 3), (16 × 4), i.e. 6 cases.
P(value of xy more than 16) = =
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2016
[Delhi Set- I, II, III]

General Instructions:
(i)All
)All questions are compulsory.
(ii)) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four sections – A, B, C
and D.
(iii)) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each, Section B contains 6 questions
of 2 mark each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3 mark each and section D
contains 11 questions of 4 mark each.
(iv) use of calculators is not permitted.
Set-I
1. From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle,
with center O. If ∠PAB =50˚then find ∠AOB.

Sol. Given, ∠PAB

PAB = 50
50˚
∠ PAB +∠OAB
OAB = 90
90˚˚ [Angle between radius OA and tangent PA is 90˚]
→ 50˚ + ∠OAB
OAB = 90
90˚
→∠OAB = 90˚ - 50
50˚ = 40˚
Now, PA = PB [Tangents from external points are same]
→∠PBA = ∠PAB
→∠PBA = 50 ˚
∠PBA + ∠OBA
OBA = 90
90˚ [Angle between radius OB and tangent PB is 180˚]
180
50˚+∠OBA = 90˚
→∠OBA = 90˚ - 50
50˚ = 40˚
Now in ∆AOB we have
∠AOB + ∠ABO +∠BAO
BAO = 180
180˚ [sum of angles in triangle is 180˚]
→∠AOB + 40˚˚ + 40˚ = 180˚
→∠AOB = 180˚- 80
80˚ = 100˚
2. If figure, AB is a 6m high pole and CD is a ladder inclined at an angle
of 60˚˚ to the horizontal and reaches up to a point D of pole. If AD =
2.54 m, find the length of the ladder. ((√𝟑 = 1.73)

Sol. BD = AB – AD
= 6m – 2.54 m = 3.46 m.

In ∆DBC, = sin 60
60˚

. √
→ =
× . × .
→ CD = = .
= 2 × 2 = 4m.
√

Hence, length of ladder is 4m.

3. Find the 9th term from the end (towards the first term) of the A.P.
5, 9, 13, …, 185.
Sol. Reversing the given A.P., we get
185, 181, 177, …, 9, 5
Now, first term ((a) = 185
Common difference, ((d) = 181 – 185 = - 4.
We know nth
th term of an A.P is given by a + (n – 1)d
Ninth term a9 = a + (9 – 1)d
= 185 + 8 × (-4) = 185 – 32 =153.
4. Cards marked with numbers 3, 4, 5, …, 50 are placed in a box and
mixed thoroughly. A card is drawn at random from the box. Find the
probability that the selected card bears a perfect square number.
Sol. Total possible outcomes when one card is drawn = 48.
When the he number on drawn card is perfect square, total favorable cases are 4, 9,
16 , 25, 36, 49, i.e. = 6.

P (perfect square number) =

= =
 𝟐
5. If x = 𝟑 and x = -3 are roots of the quadratic equations ax2+7x+b = 0,
find the values of a and b.
Sol. Given quadratic equation is ax2 +7x+b = 0. …(i)

a 2 +7 + b = 0. [x =2/3 is the root of equation (i)]

→ a+ + b = 0.

→ = 0 → 4a + 9b + 42 = o …(ii)

a(-3)2+ 7 (--3) + b = 0 [x = -3
3 is the root of equation (i)]
→ 9a + b – 21 = 0. …(iii)
Putting the value of b form (iii) in (ii), we get
4a + 9[21 – 9a] + 42 = 0.
→ 4a + 189 – 81a + 42 = 0.
→ 231 – 77a = 0.
→ 77a = 231.
→ a = 3.
Putting a = 3 in (iii
iii), we have
27 + b = 21
→ b = -6.
a = 3, b = -6.
6. Find the ratio in which y-axis
axis divides the line segment joining the
points A(5, -6)
6) and B(
B(-1, -4).
4). Also find the coordinates of point of the
division.
Sol.Let
Let the point on y-axis be P(0, y) and AP : PB = k : 1.

∴ Co-ordinates
ordinates of P given by: ,
× ( )
Then, taking x-axis
axis of A, B; =0→ = 0 → k = 5.

Hence the required ratio is 5 : 1.

( )( ) ( )( )
Now, taking y-axis,
axis, y= =

Hence point on y-axis

axis is (0, )
7. In given figure, a circle is inscribed in a ∆ABC, such that it touches
the sides AB, BC and CA at points D, E and F respectively. If the lengths
of sides AB, BC and CA, 12 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm, respectively, find the
lengths of AD, BE and CF.

Sol. Given, AB = 12 cm, CA = 10 cm, BC = 8 cm.

Let AD = AF = x [Tangent drawn from external point to circle are equal]
DB = BE = 12 – x and CF = CE = 10 – x
BC = BE + EC → 8 = 12 – x + 10 – x
→x = 7
∴ AD = 7 cm, BE = 5 cm and CF = 3 cm.
8. The x-coordinate
coordinate of a point P is twice its y-coordinate.
coordinate. If P is
equidistant from Q(2, -5) and R(-3,
3, 6) find the coordinates of P.

Sol. Let the required point be (2y, y). Let Q(2, -5) and R(-3,
3, 6) are given points.

Now, PQ = PR → (2𝑦 − 2) + (𝑦 + 5) = (2𝑦 + 3) + (𝑦 − 6)

[Using distance formula, (𝑥 − 2) + (𝑦 + 5) = (𝑥 + 3) + (𝑦 − 6)

Squaring both sides we get,
4y2 + 4 - 8y + y2 + 10y + 25 = 4y2 + 9 + 12y +y2 - 12y + 36.
→ 2y + 29 = 45
→ 2y= 45 – 29 = 16
→ y=8
→ 2y = 16
Hence coordinates of P are (16, 8)
9. How many terms of the A.P. 18, 16 ,14, … be taken so that their sum
is zero?
Sol. Let the number of terms taken for sum to be zero be n.
Then, sum of n terms (Sn) = 0.
First term ((a) = 18
Common difference ((d) = - 2.

Therefore, Sn= [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]

→ 0 = [2 × 18 + (𝑛 − 1)(−2)] → 0 =38 -2n.

→n = 19.
Hence, sum of 19 terms is 0.
10. In given figure, AP and BP are tangents to a circle with center O,
such that AP = 5 cm and ∠APB = 60˚. ˚. Find the length of chord AB.

Sol.In ∆APB we have AP =BP

→ ∠PAB = ∠PBA
[Tangents from an external point are equally inclined to segment joining center to
point]
Let ∠ PAB = x
Then in ∆APB, x + x + 60˚ = 180˚
2x = 180˚ - 60˚ = 120˚
x = 60˚
As all three angles of ∆APB are 60˚. So ∆APB is an equilateral triangle.
Hence AP = BP = AB = 5 cm.
11. In the figure, ABCD is a squa
square of side 14 cm. Semi-circles
circles are
drawn with each side of square as diameter. Find the area of the
shaded region. (Use π = 22/7)

Sol. Area of the square ABCD = 14 × 14 =196 cm2.

Area of semi
semi-circle AOB = πr2.

= × × 7 × 7 = 77cm2. (r = 14/2)

Similarly, area of semi

semi-circle DOC = 77 cm2.
Hence, the area of shaded region (Part W and Part Y) = Area of square - Area of
two semi-circles
circles AOB and COD.
= 196 – 154 = 42 cm2.
Therefore, area of four shaded parts (i.e. X, Y, W, Z) = (2 × 4) cm2 = 84cm2.
12. In figure, a decorative block is made up of two solids – a cube and a
hemisphere. The base of the block is a cube of side 6 cm and the
hemisphere fixed on the top has diameter of 3.5 cm. Find the total
surface area of the block. (Use π = 22/7)

Sol.Side
Side of the cube = 6 cm.
Total surface area of the cube = 6 × (side)2 = 6 × (6)2 = 216 cm2.
Area covered on the face of cube by circular path of hemisphere =
. .
πr2 = × × cm2.
. .
Curved surface area of hemisphere = 2 × π × r2 = 2 × × × cm2

So, total surface area of the block = Surface area of the cube – Area of circular face
of hemisphere + Curved surface area of hemisphere.
. . . .
= 216 - × × +2× × ×
. .
= 216 + × × = 216 + 9.625 = 225.625 cm2.
13. In figure ABC is a triangle. The coordinates of vertex A are (0, -1).
D and E respectively are the mid-points
points of the sides AB and AC and
their coordinates are (1, 0) and (0, 1) respectively. If F is the mid
mid-point
of BC, find the areas of ∆ABC and ∆DEF.

Sol. Let coordinates of B be (x, y). Then using mid

mid-point
point formula we have

=1 → x = 2.

=0 → x = 1.

Coordinates of B are (2, 1)

Let coordinates of C be ((p, q)
Similarly coordinates of C we have

=0 → p = 0.

=1 → q = 3.

Coordinates of C are (0, 3)

Area of ∆ABC,

→ [x1(y2 – y3) + x2(y3 – y1) + x3(y1 – y2) = [0(1 – 3) +2(3 + 1) + 0(-1-1)]

0(

= × 8 = 4 sq. units.

Coordinates of F are ( , ) i.e. (1,2) [using mid-point formula]

Area of ∆DEF = [1 (1 – 2) + 0(2-0)+1(0 – 1) = [-1 + 0 -1]

= ×(
×(-2) = [-1]
1] = 1 sq. units [Area cannot be negative]

14. In figure, two arcs PAQ and PBQ are shown. Arc PAQ is a part of
circle with center O and radius OP while arc PBQ is a semicircle drawn
on PQ as diameter with center M. If OP = PQ = 10 cm, show that area of
𝝅
shaded region is 25 ((√𝟑 − 𝟔) cm2.

Sol. OP = OQ = 10 cm (radii of circle)

PQ = 10 cm (given)
SO, ∆OPQ is equilateral triangle.
∴∠ POQ = 60˚
Area of segment PAQM = Area of sector OPAQ – Area of ∆OPQ
√
= × π ×10 × 10 - × 10 × 10.

√
=( - ) cm2.

Area of semi-circle = × π × 5 × 5 = π cm2.

√
Area of the shaded region = 𝜋– ( − )= − + 25√3

= + 25√3 = 25√3-

= 25(√3 - ) cm2.

15. If the sum of first 7 terms of A.P. is 49 and that of its first 17 terms
is 289, find the sum of first n terms of A.P.

Sol. Given: S7 = 49, where Sn = [2a + (n - 1)d]

→ [2a + (7 – 1)d] = 49.

→ 2a + 6d = 14 → a + 3d = 7. …(i)
Similarly, S17 = 289.

→ [2a + (17 – 1)d] = 289.

→ 2a + 16d = 34 → a + 8d = 17. …(ii)

Solving (i) and (ii), we get
a = 1 and d = 2.

Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]

= [2 × 1 + (n – 1)2] = [2 + 2n – 2] = n × n = n2.

𝟐𝒙 𝟏 𝟑𝒙 𝟗 𝟑
16. Solve for x: 𝒙 𝟑
+ 𝟐𝒙 𝟑
+ (𝒙 𝟑)(𝟐𝒙 𝟑)
= 0, x ≠ 3, - 𝟐

( ) ( ) ( )
Sol. + +( )( )
=0 → ( )( )
= 0.

→ 4x2 + 6x + x – 3 + 3x + 9 = 0 → 4x2 + 10x + 6 =0.

→ 2x2+ 5x + 3 =0 → 2x2 + 2x + 3x + 3 = 0
→ 2x(x + 1) + 3(x + 1) = 0 → (x + 1)(2x + 3) = 0
→ x + 1= 0 or 2x + 3 =0

→ x = -1, or x = ( given, x ≠ )

It is given that x≠

Hence, solution of the given equation is x = -1.

17. A well of diameter 4 m is dug 21m deep. The earth take out of it has
been spread evenly around it in the shape of circular ring of width 3m
to form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment.
Sol. Radius of the well = 2m, height of the well = 21 m.
Volume of the earth dug out = π
πr2h
= π × 2 × 2 × 21 m3 = 264 m3
∴ Radius of embankment = Radius of well + width of embankment.
= 2 + 3 = 5m.
Volume of embankment = (πr12h – πr22h) m3.
= [ π × (5)2 × h – π(2)2h]m3.
= ( π × 25 × h – π – 4h)m3

=( × 21 × ℎ)m3 = 66 h m3.

As per condition,
→ Volume of earth dug out = Volume of embankment
→ 264 m3 = 66h m3

→ Height of embankment, h = = 4m.

18. The sum of the radius of base and height of a solid right circular
cylinder is 37 cm. If the total surface area of the cylinder is 1628 sq.
cm, find the volume of the cylinder. (use π = 22/7).

Sol. Here r + h = 37. [where r is the radius and h is the height]

Total surface area of the cylinder = 2πr(h + r) = 2πrh + 2πr2.
→ 2πr(h + r) = 1628
→ 2πr × 37 = 1628

→ 2× × r × 37 = 1628
×
→r = × ×
= 7 cm.

Given, r + h = 37
7 + h = 37
→h = 37 – 7 = 30 m
Hence, volume of cylinder = πr2h

× 7 × 7 × 30 = 4620 cm3.

19. The angles of depression of the top and bottom of a 50 m high

building from the top of the tower are 45
45˚˚ and 60˚ respectively. Find
the height of the tower and the horizontal distances between the tower
and the buildings.(Use √𝟑 = 1.73)

Sol. Let CD is the building of height 50 m and AB be the tower.

Let horizontal distance between the tower and the building (BC) be x meter.
∴ BCDE is a rectangle.
So, ED = BC and BE = CD.
Also, ED = x and BE = 50 m.
Let AE = y.

Now, in ∆AED, = tan 45˚ → = 1.

→y = x.. …(i)

Now, in ∆ABC, = tan 60˚.

→ = √3 → = √3.

→ x + 50 = √3x. [∴ y =x, using(i)]

→ √3x – x = 50.

→ (√3 – 1)x = 50.

→ x=
√

(√ )
→ x = (√ )(√ )

(√ ) (√ )
= =
→ x = 25(√3+1) = 25(1.73 + 1) = 25 × 2.73 = 68.25 m
∴ Height of the tower = 50 + y = 50 + 68.25 (∴ x = y)
= 118.25 m
Horizontal distance between the tower and the building = x = 68.25 m.
20. In a single throw of a pair of different dice, what is the probability
of getting (i) a prime number on each dice? (ii) a total of 9 or 11?
Sol.(i) Total possible cases when two dice are thrown together = 6 × 6 = 36.
Favorable cases when both numbers are prime are (2, 2), (2, 3),(2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 3),
(3, 5), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 5), i.e. 9 outcomes.

P (a prime number on each dice) = = = .

(ii) Favorable cases when sum of numbers are 9 or 11 are (3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (5, 6),
(6, 3), (6, 5), i.e. 6 outcomes.

P (a total 9 or 11) = = = .

21. A passenger, while boarding the plane, slipped from the stairs and
got hurt. The pilot took the passenger in the emergency clinic at the
airport for treatment. Due to this, the plane got delayed half an hour.
To reach the destination 1500 km away in time, so that the passengers
could catch the connecting flight in time, the speed of the plane was
increased by 250 km/hour than the usual speed. Find the usual speed
of the plane.
What value is depicted in this question?
Sol. Let the usual speed of the plane be x km /hour.

Time taken to cover 1500 km with usual speed = hours.

When the speed of the plane is increased, then new speed = (x + 250) km/hr.

Time taken to cover 1500 km with the new speed (x + 250) km/hrs. = .

According to question, = + → - = .
× ×
→ ( )
= → = .

→ x2 + 250x = 750000 → x2 + 250x – 750000 = 0.

→ x2 + 1000x – 750x – 750000 = 0 → x(x + 1000) – 750(x + 1000) = 0
→ (x + 1000)(x – 750) = 0 → x + 1000 = 0 or x – 750 = 0.
→ x = -1000 or x = 750
→ x = 750 (speed cannot be negative)
Hence, the usual speed of the plane is 750 km/hr.
In this question, pilot’s caring behavior towards passengers is shown as well as his
commitment towards the job and efforts taken to get the passengers on time to the
destination
22.Prove that length of tangents drawn from an external point to circle
are equal.

Sol. Given: A circle C(O, r)

P is a point outside the circle and PA and PB are tangents to a circle.
To prove: PA = PB
Construction: Draw OA, OB and OP.
Proof: Consider triangles OAP and OBP.
∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90˚. …(i)
[radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact]
OA = OB (radii) …(ii)
OP is common.
∴ ∆OAP ≅ ∆OBP (RHS) [from (i), (ii) and (iii))
Hence, AP =BP (CPCT)
23.Draw two concentric circles of radii 3 cm and 5 cm. Construct a
tangent to smaller circle from a point on the larger circle. Also
measure its length.

Sol.
Steps of construction of tangents:
1. Take point O. Draw two conc
concentric
entric circles of radii 3cm and 5 cm respectively
2. Locate point P on the circumference of larger circle.
3. Join OP and bisect it. Let M be mid
mid-point of OP.
4. Taking M as center and MP as radius, draw an arc intersecting smaller circle at
A and B.
Join PA and PB. Thus, PA, PB are required tangents.
On measuring, PA and PB comes out to be 4 cm.
24. In the given figure, O is the center of circle of radius 5 cm. T is a
point such that OT =13 cm and OT intersects circle at E. If AB is tangent
to the circle
e at E, find the lengths of AB, where TP and TQ are two
tangents to the circle.

Sol. In ∆OPT, OP2 + PT2 = OT2 [∴Pythagoras

Pythagoras Theorem]

PT = √𝑂𝑇 − 𝑂𝑃

= √169 − 25 = 12 cm.
And TE = OT – OE = 13 – 5 = 8 cm.
Let PA = AE = x [Tangent from outer point A]
In ∆TEA, TE2 + EA2 = TA2 [∴Pythagoras Theorem]
(8)2 + (x)2 = (12 – x)2
64 + x2 = (12 – x)2
→ 64 + x2 = 144 + x2 – 24x
→ 80 =24x
→ x = 3.3 cm
Thus AB = 2 × 3.3 cm = 6.6 cm. [ ∴AE
AE = EB, as AB is tangent to circle E]
𝒂 𝒃 𝟐𝒄
25.Find x in terms of a, b and c: 𝒙 𝒂
+𝒙 𝒃
=𝒙 𝒄
, x ≠ a, b, c.
( ) ( )
Sol. + = → ( )( )
=

( )
→ =

→ (ax + bx – 2ab)(x – c) = 2c(x2 – ax – bx + ab)

→ ax2 + bx2 – 2abx – acx – bcx + 2abc = 2cx2 – 2acx – 2bcx + 2abc
→(a + b – 2c)x2 + (ac +bc – 2ab)x = 0
→x{(a + b – 2c)x + (ac + bc - 2ab)} = 0

→ x = 0 or x =
26. A bird is sitting on the top of a 80 m high tree. From a point on the
ground, the angle of elevation of the bird is 4545˚.
˚. The bird flies away
horizontally in such a way that it remained at constant height from the
ground. After 2 seconds, the angle of e elevation
levation of the bird from the
same point is 30
30˚. Find the speed of flying of the bird.

(Take √𝟑 = 1.732)

Sol. Let BC is 80 m high tree.

After 2 seconds, position of bird is E.
Let CE = x

In ∆CBA, = tan 45 ˚.

→ =1

→ AB = 80m

In ∆EDA, = tan 30
30˚

→ =
√

→ = → 80√3
3= 80 + x [∴ AB = 80 m]
√

→ x = 80√3
3 – 80 → x = 80(√3 − 1)
→ x = 80(1.732 – 1) → x = 80 × 0.732.
→ x = 58.56 m.
→ BD = x =58.56 m.
( )
So, the speed of flying of the bird =
.
= = 29.28 m/s.
27. A thief runs with a uniform speed of 100m/minute. After one
minute a policeman runs to catch him. He goes with a speed of
100m/minute in the first minute and increases his speed by
10m/minute every succeeding minute. After how many minutes the
policeman n will catch the thief.
Sol. Let total time be ((n – 1) minutes in which the police catches the thief.
Since thief ran 1 minute before the police started running.
∴ The time elapsed before the thief was caught = ((n – 1 + 1) = n minute.
Total distance cove
covered by the thief = (100 × n) meters.
Total distance covered by policeman in ((n – 1) minute
= 100 + 110 + 120 + … + ((n – 1) terms.
( )
= [2000 + ((n – 2)10] 𝑆 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
)

According to question,
Total distance covered by the thief in ‘‘n’ minute
= total distance covered by policeman in ((n - 1) minute
( )
100n = [200 + (n – 2)10]

→ 200n = (n – 1)[200 + 10n – 20] → 200n = (n – 1)(10n + 180)

→ 200n = 10
10n2 +180n – 10n – 180 → 10n2 – 30n – 180 = 0.
→ n2 – 3n – 18 = 0 → n2 – 6n + 3n – 18 = 0
→ n(n – 6) +3(n – 6) = 0 → (n – 6)(n + 3) = 0
→ n = 6 or n = -3 (rejected)
Hence, time taken by policeman to catch the thief is (6
(6– 1), i.e. 5 minutes.
28. Prove that area of a triangle with vertices ((t, t -2), (tt + 2, t + 2) and
(t + 3), t)) is independent of t.

Sol. Given vertices of a triangle are {{t, t -2}, {t + 2, t + 2}, {t + 3, t}

t
Let (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) are vertices of a triangle.

Area of the triangle = [x1(y2 – y3) + x2(y3 – y1) + x3(y1 – y2)]

= [t(t + 2 - t) + (t + 2){t – t + 2} + (t + 3){t – 2 – t – 2}]

= [2t + 2t + 4 – 4t – 12]

= × (-8)
8) = 4 sq. units, since area can’t be negative.

Hence, area is independent of t.

29. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow on a circular
board, divided into 8 equal parts, which comes to resting point at one
of the numbers 1, 2, 3, …, 8 whic
whichh are equally likely outcomes. What is
the probability that the arrow will point at ((i)) an odd number (ii)
( a
number greater than 3 ((iii) a number less than 9?

Sol. (i)) Total possible outcomes when the arrow points at one of the numbers are
8.
Favorable outcomes when the required number is odd are 1, 3, 5, 7, i.e. 4
outcomes.

∴ P (an odd number) = = = .

(ii)) Favorable outcomes when the required number is more th

than
an 3 are 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
i.e. 5 outcomes.

∴ P (a number is more than 3) = = .

(iii)) Favorable outcomes when the required number is less than 9 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8 i.e. 8 outcomes.

∴ P (number is less than 9) = = = 1.

30. An elastic belt is placed around the rim of a pulley of radius 5 cm.
From one-point
point C on the belt, the elastic belt is pulled directly away
from the center O of the pulley until it is at P, 10 cm from the point O.
Find the length of the belt that is st
still
ill in contact with the pulley. Also
find the shaded area. (Use π = 3.14 and √𝟑 = 1.73)
Sol. Given: AO = 5 cm and OP = 10 cm.
In right ∆AOP,

Cos θ =

= = =

→θ = 60˚
∠AOB = θ' = 2 × 60 = 120
120˚.
°
Length of ADB = × 2πr

= × 2 × 3.14 = 𝑥 10 𝑥 3.14 = 20.93 cm.

Hence length of belt in contact = 20.93 cm.

Now, in right ∆OAP, we have

tan θ =

Tan 60˚ = → AP = 5
5√3 cm

Area of (∆OAP
∆OAP + ∆OBP) = × AO × AP + × OB × PB

= × 5 × 5√3 + × 5 × 5
5√3 (∴ AP = BP and OA =OB)

= 25√3 cm2 = 25 × 1.73 cm2

= 43.25cm2

Area of sector OACB = × 𝜋𝑟2.

= × 3.14 × 5 × 5

= × 3.14 × 25 = 26.16 cm2.

Shaded area = Area of ((∆OAP + ∆OBP) – Area of OACB

= 43.25 – 26.16 = 17.09 cm2.
31. A bucket open at top is in the form of a frustum of a cone with a
capacity of 12308.8 cm3. The radii of the top and the bottom circular
ends are 20 cm and 12 cm respectively. Find the height of the bucket
and the area of the metal sheet used in making the bucket. (use π=3.14)
Sol. Let R, r and V be the upper radius, lower radius and volume of the frustum
respectively then
R = 20 cm, r = 12 cm and V = 12308.8 cm3.

Volume of frustum of cone = ×[R2+r2+Rr]h

12308.8 = × 3.14 × [400+144+240]h

. ×
h= . ×
→h = 15 cm.

Now, l( slant height) = (20 − 12) + 15 = √64 + 225 = √289

= 17 cm2.
Total area of metal sheet used = Curved surface area of cone + Area of base.
= π(R + r)l + πr2
= π(20 + 12) × 17 + π × 12 × 12
[∴ lower radius, r = 12 cm]
= π × 32 × 17 + 144π = 688π
= 688 × 3.14 = 2160.32 cm2.

Set-II [Uncommon Questions to Set-I]

10. How many terms of the A.P. 27, 24, 21, … should be taken so that
their sum is zero?
Sol.In the given A.P.
Here, first term (a) = 2
Common difference (d) = - 3.
Sum of n term (Sn) = 0

Therefore, Sn = [2a+(n – 1)d]

0 = [2×27+(n – 1)(-3)]

→ 54 – 3n + 3 = 0
→ 3n = 57 → n =19.
Thus, the sum of 19 terms of given A.P. is zero.
18. Solve for x: + =4- ; x ≠ 1, -2, 2.

Sol. + =4-

→ + + = 4.
( )( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )( )
→ ( )( )( )
= 4.

→(x + 1)(x2 – 4) + (x – 1)(x2 +4 – 4x) + (2x + 3)(x2 + x – 2)= 4(x – 1)(x2 - 4)

→ x3 – 4x + x2 – 4 + x3 + 4x – 4x2 – x2 – 4 + 4x + 2x3 + 2x2 – 4x + 3x2 + 3x – 6 =
4(x3 – 4x – x2 + 4)
→ x3 + x2 – 4x – 4 + x3 – 5x2 + 8x – 4 + 2x3 + 5x2 – x – 6 = 4(x3 – x2 – 4x + 4)
→ 4x3 + x2 + 3x – 14 = 4x3 – 4x2 – 16x + 16
→ 5x2 + 19x – 30 = 0.
→ 5x2 + 25x – 6x – 30 = 0.
→ 5x(x + 5) - 6(x + 5) = 0.
→ (x + 5)(5x – 6) = 0.
→ x + 5 = 0 or 5x – 6 = 0.

→ x = -5 or x =

Thus, solution of given equations are x = - 5 or x =

19. Two different dice are thrown together. Find the probability of:
(i) getting a number greater than 3 on each side.
(ii) getting a total of 6 or 7 of the numbers on two dice.

Sol.(i) When two dice are thrown together total possible outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36.
Favorable outcomes when both dice have number more than 3 are (4, 4), (4, 5), (4,
6), (5, 4), (5 , 5), (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6), i.e. 9 outcomes.

P(a number greater than 3 on each ) =

= =

(ii) Favorable outcomes when sum of the numbers appearing on the dice is 6 or 7
are i.e. (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 4), (2, 5), (3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 2), (4, 3), (5, 1), (5, 2), (6, 1),
outcomes.

P (a total of 6 or 7) = .
20. A right circular cone of radius 3 cm, has a curved surface area of
47.1 cm2. Find the volume of the cone. (use π = 3.14)
Sol. Radius of cone ((r) = 3 cm
Curved surface area = π
πrl = 47.1 cm2
. .
∴l = = . ×
= 5 cm, where l = slant height of cone.

We know that, h = √𝑙 − 𝑟

= √5 − 3 = √25 − 9 = √16 = 4.

Volume of cone = πr2h

= × 3.14 × 3 × 3 × 4 = 3.14 × 3 × 4 = 37.68 cm2

28. The angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two

points at a distance of 4 m and 9 m from the base of
the tower and in the same straight line with it are 60
60˚˚ and
30˚˚ respectively. Find the height of the tower.

Sol. Let AB be the tower of height ‘‘h’

In ∆ABC, = tan 60˚.

→ = √3 →h = 4√3

29. Construct a triangle ABC in which BC = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm

and ∠ABC = 60˚. ˚. Then construct another triangle whose
𝟑
sides are 𝟒 times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.
Sol. Steps of construction:
1. Draw ∆ABC with side BC = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm,
cm,∠ABC = 60˚.
2. Draw ray BX making an acute angle with BC on opposite side of
vertex A.
3. Locate 4 points P1, P2, P3, P4 on line segment BY.
4. Join P4C and draw a line through P3, parallel to P4C intersecting BC
at C'.
5. Draw a line through C' parallel to AC intersecting AB at A'.
∆A'BC' is the required triangle.
30. The perimeter of a right triangle is 60 cm. Its hypotenuse
is 25 cm. Find the area of triangle.

Sol. Here, perimeter of triangle, a + b + c = 60 [Given]

a + b + 25 = 60.
a + b = 35.
Using Pythagoras theorem,
a2 + b2 = (25)2 = 625.
Now, (a + b)2= a2 + b2 +2 ab.
(35)2 = 625 + 2ab
1225 – 625 = 2ab
→ 2ab = 600
→ ab = 3

Area ∆ABC = ×base×height = × 300 = 150 cm2.

Set--III [Uncommon questions to Set-II and II]

10. How many terms of the A.P. 65, 60, 55, … has to be taken so that their sum is
zero?
Sol.In
In the given A.P.
Here, first term ((a) = 65
Common difference ((d) = 60 – 65 = -5.
Sum of n term (Sn) = 0
Therefore, Sn = [2a+(n – 1)(d)]

Sn = [2×65+(n – 1)(-5)]

→0 = 130 – 5n + 5
→-5n = -135→ n =27.
∴ Hence, sum of 27 terms is zero.
18. A box consists of 100 shirts of which 88 are good, 8 have minor
defects and 4 have major defects. Ramesh, a shopkeeper will buy only
those shirts which are good but ‘Kewal’ another shopkeeper will not
buy shirts with major defects. A shirt is taken out of box at random.
What is the probability that:
(i) Ramesh will buy the selected shirt?
(ii) Kewal will buy the selected shirt?
Sol.When one shirt is taken out, then number of total outcomes = 100
Ramesh will purchase when shirt is good,
∴ Favorable outcomes = number of good shirts = 88

P (Ramesh buys shirt) = = =

(ii) Kewal will buy shirt if a shirt is not having any major defect.
Number of favorable outcomes = Number of shirts without major defects = 96.

P (Kewal buys a shirt) = =

19. Solve the following quadratic equation for x:

𝒂 𝒂 𝒃
x2 + 𝒂 𝒃
+ 𝒂
𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟎.

Sol.x2 + + 𝑥 + 1 = 0.

→x2 + + 𝑥+( ) = 0.

→ x2 + 𝑥+ 𝑥+ .( ) = 0.

→ x 𝑥+ + 𝑥+ = 0.

→ 𝑥+ 𝑥+ = 0.

→ x+ = 0 or x + = 0.

→ x=− or x=−
20.A toy in the form of a cone of base radius 3.5 cm mounted on a
hemisphere of base diameter 7 cm. If the total height of the toy is 15.5
𝟐𝟐
cm, find the total surface area of the toy. (use π = 𝟕 )

Sol.Here
Here it is given that h = 15.5 – 3.5 = 12 cm.

Also, slant height of cone , l = √ℎ + 𝑟

= (12) + (3.5)

= √144 + 12.25

= √156.25
= 12.5 cm.

∴ curved surface area of the cone = π

πrl = × 3.5 × 12.5

= 137.5 cm2

∴ Surface are of hemisphere = 2π

2πr2 = 2 × × (3.5)2 = 77 cm2

Hence,
ence, total surface area of toy = Surface area of hemisphere + curved surface
area of cone = 77 + 137.5 = 214.5 cm2.
28. The sum of three numbers in A.P. is 12 cm and sum of their cubes is
288. Find the numbers.
Sol.Let
Let the tree numbers in A.P. are a – d, a, a + d
Then a – d + a + a + d = 12 [∴ Given that, S3 = 12]
→ 3a = 12 → a = 4.
Also, (a – d)3 + a3 + (a + d)3 = 288 [∴Sum
Sum of their cubes = 288]
→ (4 – d)3 + (4)3 + ( 4 + d)3 = 288
→ 64 – 48d + 12d2 – d3 + 64 +64 + 48d + 12d2 + d3 = 288.
→ 24d2 + 192 = 288 →d2 = 4 → d = ± 2.
For d = 2, the numbers will be 2, 4, 6. For d = -2,
2, numbers will be 6, 4, 2.
Hence, required numbers are 2, 4, 6.
29. Prove that tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the
radius through the point of contact.

Sol.Given: A circle C(O, r) and a tangent AB at point P.

To Prove:OP ⊥ AB
Construction: Take any point Q other than P on the tangent AB.
Join OQ, intersecting circle at R.
Proof: We have, OP = OR
OQ = OR + RQ
∴ OQ > OR → OQ > OP [OR = OP =radius]
Thus, OP<OQ, i.e. OP is shorter than any other segment joining O to any point of
AB.
But among all line segments joining point O to point on AB, the shortest one is
perpendicular from O on AB.
Hence, OP ⊥ AB
𝟏
30. The time taken by a person to cover 150 km was 2𝟐 hours more
than the time taken in the re
return
turn journey. If he returned at speed of 10
km/hr more than the speed while going, find the speed per hour in
each direction.

Sol.Let t1 and t2 be the time taken in going and returning respectively.

Also, v and v + 10 be the speed in going and returning respectively.

As, Velocity =

→ Time =

∴t1 = and t2 =

According to question, t1 – t2 = 2

− = → 150 − =
 − =

60[v + 10 – v] = v(v + 10)

v2 + 10v – 600 = 0
v2 + 30v – 20v – 600 = 0
v(v + 30) – 20(v + 30) = 0
v = 20 or v = -30 (rejected)
Hence, velocity in going 20 km/hour and in returning 30 km/hour.
31. Draw a triangle ABC with BC = 7 cm, ∠B = 45˚ and ∠A A = 105˚.
105 Then
𝟒
construct a triangle whose sides are 𝟓 times the corresponding sides of
∆ABC.

Sol.Given,
Given, ∠𝐵 = 45˚ and ∠A = 105˚
∴ Sum of all interior angles in ∆ = 180˚
∴ ∠𝐴 + ∠𝐵 + ∠𝐶 = 180
180˚.
∠C = 30˚
Steps of construction:
1. Draw ∆ABC with side BC = 7 cm, ∠B = 45˚, ∠C = 30˚.
2. Draw a ray BX making an acute angle with BC on opposite side of vertex A.
3. Locate 5 points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 on BZ.
4. Join P5C. Draw line through P4 parallel to P5C intersecting BC at C'.
5. Through C', draw line parallel to AC intersecting AB at A'.
∆A'BC' is the required triangle.
 CBSE ANNUAL EXAMINATION 2016
[Foreign Set- I, II, III]

General Instructions:
(i)All
)All questions are compulsory.
(ii)) The question paper consists of 31 questions divided into four sections – A, B, C
and D.
(iii)) Section A contains 4 questions of 1 mark each, Section B contains 6 questions
of 2 mark each, Section C contains 10 questions of 3 mark each and section D
contains 11 questions of 4 mark each.
(iv) use of calculators is not permitted.
Set-I
1. In figure given, AOB is a diameter of a circle with center O and AC is
tangent to the circle at A. If ∠BOC = 30˚, then find ∠ACO.

Sol.∠AOC + ∠BOC
BOC = 180
180˚ [∴Linear pair axion]

∠𝐴𝑂𝐶 + 130° = 180

180°

∠AOC = 180˚ - 130

130˚

∠AOC = 50˚

Now, ∠OAC = 90˚˚ [angle between radius OA and tangent AC is 90˚]

Now in ∆AOC,

∠OAC + ∠AOC + ∠
∠ACO = 180˚ [∴sum
sum of angles in triangle is 180˚]
180

90˚+50˚+∠
∠ACO = 180˚

∠ACO = 180˚ - 140

140˚

∠ACO = 40˚

2. An observer, 1.7 m tall, is 20

20√𝟑 m away from a tower. The angle of
elevation from the eye of observer to the top of the tower is 30
30˚. Find
the height pf the tower.
Sol.Let
Let CD be the tower of height h.

In ∆DEA, = tan 30
30˚
.
→ =
√ √

→h – 1.7 = 20

→h = 20 + 1.7 = 21.7 m
So, height of tower is 21.7 m.
3. For what value of k will the consecutive terms 2k + 1, 3k
3 + 3 and 5k -
1 form an A.P.?
Sol. Given that 2k + 1, 3k + 3 and 5k – 1 are in A.P.
So, (3k + 3) – (2k + 1) = (5k – 1) – (3k + 3)

→k + 2 = 2k – 4

→ 2k – k = 2 + 4 →k = 6
4. 20 tickets on which numbers 1 to 20 are written, are mixed
thoroughly and then a ticket is drawn at random out of them. Find the
probability that the number on the drawn ticket is multiple of 3 or 7.
Sol.When
When one ticket is drawn, total possible cases are 20.
Favorable cases when the number is multiple of 3 or 7 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 7, 14,
i.e. 8 cases.

Required probability = = =

5. A two-digit
digit number is four times the sum of the digits. It is also
equal to 3 times the product of the digits. Find the number.
Sol.Let
Let one digit of number = x.
Let tens digit of number = y.

∴ Number will be = 10y + x.

According to question,

→ 10y + x = 4(x + y)

→ 10y + x = 4x + 4y
3x – 6y = 0
 x – 2y = 0 → x = 2y ….(i)
and 10y + x = 3xy ….(ii)
Putting x = 2y from (i) in (ii) we get,

10y + 2y = 3(2y)y
3(2y)y→ 12y = 6y2 → y =2.

And x = 2y → x = 4. (∵ y = 2)
The required number = 10(2) + 4 = 20 + 4 =24.

6. Find the ratio in which the point ((-3, k)) divides the line segment
joining the points ((-5, -4) and (-2,
2, 3). Also find the value of k.

Let P divide AB in k : 1.
×
×( ) ( )
Then -3=

[Using section formula, (x, y) = , ]

→ -3k – 3 = -2k
k–5

→ -k = - 2

→k = 2
Hence the required ratio is 2:1
7. In the given figure from a point P, two tangents PT and PS are drawn
to a circle with center O such that ∠SPT = 120˚,, Prove that
OP = 2PS.

Sol. Let PT = x = PS [[∴ Tangent drawn from an external point

to the circle are equal]

∠SPT = 120˚˚ [Given]

In ∆OTP and ∆OSP, ∠OTP = ∠OSP

[each equal to 90˚,
˚, since tangent is perpendicular to radius r]

OT = OS [∴Equal radii]
OP = OP [common]

→∆OSP ≅ ∆OTP [[∴By SAS congruence rule]

∴ ∠TPO = ∠SPO
SPO [ By CPCT]

→ ∠TPO = SPT = × 120 = 60°

∠SPT

In ∆OTP, = sec 60
60˚

→ = 2→ OP = 2xx→ OP = 2PS Hence proved.

8. Prove that the points (2, -2), (-2, 1) and (5, 2) are the
he vertices of a
right angled triangle. Also find the area of this triangle.

Sol.Let A (2, -2),

2), B(
B(-2, -1) and C (5, 2) be the given points. So,
Using distance formula
AB2 = (2 + 2)2 + (-2
2 -1)2 = 16 + 9 = 25
∴ AB = 5
BC2 = (-2 -5)2 + (1 – 2)2 = 49 + 1 = 50

BC = 5√2
AC2 = (5 – 2)2 + (2 + 2)2 = 9 + 16 = 25.
AC = 5

∴ BC2 = AC2 + AB2, so ∆ABC is a right angled triangle in which BC is hypotenuse.

∴ ar(∆ABC)
∆ABC) = × AB × AC = × 5 × 5 = sq. units.

9. If the ratio of the first m and n terms of an A.P. is m2 :n

n2, show that
ratio of its m and n terms is (2m – 1) : (2n – 1).
th th

Sol. Let Sm and Sn be the sum of first m and n terms of the A.P. Let first term and
common difference of an A.P. be a and d respectively. Then
[ ( ) ]
= ( ) ]
=
[

( )
→ ( )
=

→ 2an + (mn – n)d = 2am + (mn – m)d

→ 2a(n – m) = (mn – m – mn + n)d

→ 2a(n – m) = (n – m)d

→d = 2a
( ) ( )( )
Consider, = ( )
= ( )( )
=
 = =

Hence, ration of mth and nth term is 2m – 1 ; 2n – 1.

10. In the given figure, two concentric circles are of radii 6 cm and 4
cm with center O. If AP is a tangent to the larger circle and BP to the
smaller circle and length of AP is 8 cm, find the length of BP.

Sol.OA
OA = 6 cm. [∴Given radius]

OB = 4 cm. [[∴Given radius]

AP = 8 cm.

In ∆OAP, OP2 = OA2 + AP2 = 36 + 64 = 100 [∴ Pythagoras theorem]

→ OP = 10 cm

In ∆OBP, BP2 = OP2 – OB2 = 100 – 16 = 84 [∴ Pythagoras theorem]

BP = 2
2√21 cm.
11.Find the area of shaded region in the figure, where a circle of radius
6 cm, has been drawn with vertex O of an equilateral triangle OAB of
side 12 cm. (Use π = 3.14 and √𝟑 = 1.73)

√ √
Sol. Area of ∆OAB = (side)2 = ×(12)2

= 36√3 = 36 × 1.73
= 62.28 cm2
Area of circle with center O = π
πr2 = 3.14 × (6)2
= 3.14 × 36 = 113.04 cm2
˚
Area of sector (OLQP) = π
πr2× °
= 3.14 × (6)2 × °

= 3.14 × 36 × = 18.84 cm2

Area of shaded region = area of ∆OAB + area of circle – 2 area of sector OLQP
= (62.28 + 113.04 + - 2 × 18.84) cm2
= 137.64 cm2
12. A hemispherical tank, of diameter 3 m, is full of water. It is being
𝟒
emptied by a pipe at the rate of 3𝟕 liter per second. How much time will
𝟐𝟐
it take to make the half tank empty? [ use π = 𝟕
]

Sol. Radius of hemispherical tank = 1.5 m.

Volume of water in hemispherical tank = × 𝜋r2

= × × (1.5)3 = m3

Rate of water taken out in 1 sec = liter/second.

Let time taken to empty half the tank be ‘‘t’ sec.

A.T.Q.,

Rate of flow of water × t sec = × volume of water in hemispherical

tank

× ×𝑡= ×

T = 990 seconds.

∴ Time taken to empty half the tank = 16 min. 30 sec.

13. If the point C(
C(-1,
1, 2) divides internally the line segment joining the
points A(2, 5) and B(x, y) in the ratio 3 : 4, find the value of x2 + y2.

Sol. Using section formula,

× ×
-1=

-1=

3x + 8 = -7 → 3x = -15 → x = -5.
× ×
Similarly, 2 =

14 = 3y + 20 → 3y = -6 → y = -2.
Hence, x2 + y2 = (-5)
5)2 + (-2)2 =25 + 4 = 29.
14. In figure, AB is a chord of a circle, with center O and radius 10 cm,
that subtends a right angle at the center of the circle. Find the area of
the minor segment AQPB. Also, find the area of major segment
ALBQA. (Use π = 3.14)
Sol. Area of minor segment APBQ = °
× πr2 – r2 sin 45˚cos
˚cos 45˚
. × °
= − 100 × × (∵ °
= )
√ √

= (78.5 – 50)cm2 = 28.5 cm2

Area of major segment ALBQA = π
πr2 – area of minor segment.
= 3.14 × (10)2 – 28.5
= (314 – 28.5) cm2 = 285.5 cm2
15. Divide 56 into four parts in A.P. such that the ratio of the product of
their extremes (1st and 4th) to the product of means (2nd and 3rd) is 5 :
6.
Sol. Let the four parts of A.P. are a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d

Now, a – 3d + a – d + a + d + a + 3d = 56 [[∵ Sum = 56]

→ 4a = 56 → a = 14
According to question,
( )( )
( )( )
=

( )( )
→ ( )( )
= [∵ putting a = 14]

→ =

→ 1176 – 54d2 = 980 – 5d2

→ 49d2 = 196 → d2 = 4 → d = ± 2.
Thus, four parts are a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d, i.e. 8, 12, 16, 20.
16. Solve the given quadratic equation for
x: 9x2 – 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0.
Sol.9x2 – 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0
±√
Roots of above quadratic equations are given by: 𝑥 =

−[−
−9(𝑎 + 𝑏)] ± [−9(𝑎 + 𝑏)] − 4(9)(2𝑎 + 5𝑎𝑏 + 2𝑏 )
𝑥=
2(9)

9((𝑎 + 𝑏) ± 3√9𝑎 + 9𝑏 + 18𝑎𝑏 − 8𝑎 − 8𝑏 − 20𝑎𝑏

20
𝑥=
18
 ( )± √
x=

( )± ( )
x=
( )± ( )
x=

x= and x =

x= and x =

x= and x =

17. A cylindrical tub, whose diameter is 12 cm and height 15 cm is full of

ice-cream. The whole ice-cream is to be divided among 10 children in
equal ice-cream cones, with conical base surmounted by
hemispherical top. If the height of conical portion is twice the
diameter of base, find the diameter of conical part of ice-cream.
Sol. Volume of ice-cream cylinder = πr2h
= π × (6)2 × 15 cm2

Volume of one ice-cream cone = × πr2h + π𝑟3

= × π × r2(4r) + π𝑟3 [∵ Height = 2 x diameter]

= πr3+ + π𝑟3 = πr3 = 2πr3 cm3

Volume of ice-cream in 10 such cones = 10 × 2πr3 = 20πr3 cm3

According to question, × πr2h + π𝑟3

Volume of 10 ice-cream cones = Volume of cylinder

20πr3 = π × 36 × 15
×
r3 =

→r3 = 27 →r = 3 cm.
Diameter of conical ice-cream cup = 6 cm.

18. A metal container, open from the top, is in the shape of a frustum
cone of height 21 cm with radii of its lower and upper circular ends as
8 cm and 20 cm respectively. Find the cost of milk which can complete
𝟐𝟐
fill the container at the rate of Rs.35 per liter. [ use π = 𝟕
]

Sol. Volume of milk in container = πh(𝑟 + 𝑟 + 𝑟 𝑟 )

= × × 21[400+ 64 + 160] =
×
liters. ∵ 1𝑐𝑚 = 𝑙
∴ cost of 1 liter milk = Rs. 35.
× ×
Cost of milk in container = = Rs. 480.48

19. Two men on either side of a 75 m high building and in line with
base of building observe the angles of elevation of the top of the
building as 30˚˚ and 60˚. Find the distance between the two men. (Use
√𝟑 = 1.73)

Sol.Let
Let C and D be the position of ttwo men.
Let CB = y and BD = x.

In ∆ABC, = tan 60
60˚

→ = √3

√
→y = = = 15
15√3 m.
√

= 15 × 1.73 = 25.95 m.

Now, In ∆ABD, tan 30˚ = → = → x = 75√3

√

→ 75 × 1.73 = 129.75
Hence, distance between the two men is x + y = 129.75 + 25.95
= 155.7 m .
20. A game consists of tossing a one
one-rupee
rupee coin 3 times and noting the
outcome each time. Ramesh will win the game if all the tosses show the
same result, (i.e. either all three he
heads
ads or all three tails.) and lose the
game otherwise. Find the probability that Ramesh will win the game.
Sol.when
when coin is tossed three times the total outcomes are
HHH, HHT, HTT, TTT, TTH, THH, HTH, THT
Total possible cases = 8.
Favorable cases to win the game are HHH or TTT, i.e. two cases.

P (Ramesh will win the game) = = =

Required probability = P (Ramesh will lose the game) = 1 - =

21. A pole has to be erected at a point on the boundary of a circular
path of diameter 17 m in such a way that the differences of its distances
from two diametrically opposite fix gates A and B on the boundary is 7
meters. Find the distances from the two gates where the pol
pole is to be
erected.

Sol. Let P be the position of the pole.

∠APB = 90˚˚ (angle in semicircle)

By Pythagoras theorem, AB2 = AP2 + PB2
172 = AP2 + PB2 ….(i)
AP – BP = 7. ...(
...(ii)
Squaring both sides, we get
(AP – BP)2 = 72.
AP2 + PB2 – 2AP . PB = 49 …(iii)
From (i) and (iii)) we have,
172 – 2AP . PB = 49

→ 2AP . PB = 289 – 49 → AP. PB =

AP . PB = 120.
→AP …(
…(iv)
From (ii) and (iv),
), we have
120 = PB(7 + PB)
Let PB = x

120 = x(7 + x) → x2 + 7x – 120 = 0.

→ x2 + 15x – 8x – 120 = 0 →x(x + 15) – 8(x + 15) = 0.

→ (x – 8)(x + 15) = 0
x = 8 or x = -15 (rejected)
PB = x = 8 m.
AP = 7 + PB = 7 + 8 = 15 m.
22. Prove that te lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a
circle are equal.
Sol.Given:
Given: A circle C(O, r), P is a point outside the circle PA and PB are tangents
to a circle.
To prove: PA = PB
Construction: Draw OA, OB and OP.
Proof: consider triangles OAP and OBP.

∠OAP = ∠OBP
OBP = 90
90˚ …(i)
[Radius is perpendicular to the tangent at point co
contact]
ntact]
OA = OB (radii) …(ii)
OP is common …(
…(iii)

∆OAP ≅ ∆OBP (RHS) [From (i), (ii) and (iii)]

)]
Hence, AP = BP (CPCT)
23. Draw a ∆ABC in which AB = 4 cm, BC =5 cm and AC = 6 cm. Then
𝟑
construct another triangle whose sides are 𝟓 of the corresponding sides
of ∆ABC.

Sol. Steps of construction:

1. Draw a line segment AC = 6 cm.
2. Draw an arc with A as center and radius equal to 5 cm.
3. Draw an arc with C as center and radius equal to 4 cm intersecting the previous
drawn arc at B.
4. Join AB and CB, then ∆ABC is required triangle.
5. Below AC make an acute angle CAX.
6. Along AX mark 5 points A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 such that AA1 = A1A2 = A2A3 = A3A4
= A4A5
7. Join A5C.
8. from A3 draw A3D || A3C meeting AC at D.
9. From D, draw ED || BC meeting AB at E.
Then we have ∆EDA, which is the required triangle.
24.In given figure, AB is a chord of a circle, with center O, such that AB
= 16 cm and radius of the circle is 10 cm. Tangents at A and B intersect
each other at P. Find the length of PA.

Sol.Let
Let PL = x
As OP is perpendicular bisector of AB. Then,
AL = BL = 8 cm.

In ∆ALO, OL2 = OA2 – AL2 = 102 – 82 = 36 → OL = 6 cm.

AP2 = OP2 – OA2 [∵Pythagoras

Pythagoras theorem.]
In ∆OAP, AP2 = (x + 6)2 – 102

AP2 = AL2 + PL2 [∵Pythagoras

Pythagoras theorem]
In ∆ALP, AP2 = x2 + 64
Now, (x + 6)2 – 102 = x2 + 64
x2 + 12x + 36 – 100 = x2 + 64

→ 12x = 128 → x = = cm.

From ∆ALP, AP2 = 2+ 64 = + 64 = cm

AP2 = cm

AP = cm = 13.3 cm.

25. Find the positive value(s) of k for which quadratic equations x2 +

kx +64 = 0 and x2 – 8x + k = 0 both will have real roots.
Sol. It is given that quadratic equation, x2 + kx + 64 = 0 has real roots.

For real roots D

D≥ 0.

∴k2 – 4(1)(64)≥ 0 →k2 – 256 ≥ 0

→k2≥ 256 → k ≥ 16
Again, it is given that quadratic equation, x2 – 8x + k = 0 has real roots.

∴ (- 8)2 -4
4 (1)(k) ≥ 0 → 64 – 4k ≥ 0

→ 64 ≥ 4k → 𝑘 ≤ 16
26.A vertical tower stands on an horizontal plane and is surmounted
by a flagstaff of 5 m. From a point on the ground, the angles of
elevation
tion of the top and bottom of the flag staff are 60
60˚˚ and 30˚
respectively. Find the height of the tower and the distance of the point
from the tower. (take √𝟑 = 1.732)
Sol.Let
Let AB be the tower of height h and DA the flagstaff of height 5 m and BC = x.

In ∆ABC, = tan 30
30˚

ℎ 1
→ =
𝑥 √3
→x = h√3 …(i)

Now, in ∆DBC, = tan 60˚

= √3

→ =x …(ii)
√

From (i) and (ii) we get,

h√3 = → 3h = h + 5
√

→ 2h = 5

→ h = = 2.5 m

Height of tower is 2.5 m.

Distance of point C from tower= 2.5 × √3 = 2.5 × 1.732 = 4.33m [From (i)]
27. Reshma wanted to save at least Rs. 6,500 for sending her daughter
to school next year (after 12 months). She saved Rs.450 in the first
month and raised her savings by Rs. 20 every next month. How much
will she be able to save in next 12 months? Will she able to send her
daughter to school next year?
What value is reflec
reflected in the question?
Sol.The
The amount saved from an A.P. 450, 470, 490, …. In which
First term ((a) = Rs. 450
Common difference ((d) = Rs. 20
Total terms ((n) = 12 (number of months)

Then, Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]

S12 = [ 2 × 450 + (12 – 1)(20)] = 6[900+220] = 6 × 1120 = 6720

Now, 6720 > 6500

∴ Reshma will be able to send her daughter to school as she has saved more than
Rs. 6500.
Reshma is very much concerned about her daughter’s education. She is aware that
girls need to be educated and independent

28. The coordinates of the points A, B and C are (6, 3), ((-3,
3, 5), and
(4, -2)
2) respectively. P (x, y) is any point in the plane. Show that

𝒂𝒓(∆𝑷𝑩𝑪) 𝒙 𝒚 𝟐
𝒂𝒓(∆𝑨𝑩𝑪)
= 𝟕
.

Sol. Taking points P, B, C. Firstly,

Area(∆PBC)
∆PBC) = [x1(y2 – y3) + x2(y3 – y1) + x3(y1 – y2)

= [x(7) – 3(-2 – y) + 4(y – 5)]

= [7x + 7y – 14] sq. units

Now, area (∆ABC)

∆ABC) = [ 6 × 7 – 3( -5) + 4(3 – 5)]

= [42 + 15 – 8] = × 49 sq. units.

(∆ )
Hence, (∆ )
= = .

29.
9. In figure a disc is shown on which a player spins an arrow twice.
𝒂
The fraction 𝒃 is formed, where ‘a’ is the number of the sector on which
arrow stops first and ‘b’ is the is the number on the sector in which in
which the arrow stops on second spin. On each spin, each sector has
equal chance of selection by the arrow. Find the probability that
𝒂
𝒃
> 1.

Sol.For > 1, when a = 1, b cannot take any value.

a = 2, b can take 1 value.

a = 3, b can take 2 values, i.e. 1 and 2.
a = 4, b can take 3 values, i.e. 1, 2, 3
a = 5, b can take 4 values, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4
a = 6, b can take 5values, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Total possible outcomes = 6 × 6 =36.
Favorable outcomes = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15.

P ( > 1) = = =

30. Find the area of the shaded region in figure, where APD, AQB, BRC
and CSD are semi
semi-circles
circles of diameter 14 cm, 3.5 cm, 7 cm and
a 3.5 cm
respectively. [use π = 22/7]

Sol. Area of shaded region

= Area of semicircle APD + Area of semicircle BRC –2
2 × Area of semi-circle
semi AQB.

= 𝜋 (7)2 + π( )2 – 2 × π( )2 = [ 49 + − ]

= × × = ×

= cm2 = 86.625 cm2

31. In figure, a right circular cone of height 30 cm is shown. A small

cone is cut off from the top by a plane parallel to the top. If the volume
𝟏
of the small cone is 𝟐𝟕 of the volume of the given cone, find at what
height above the base is the section made.
Sol. Given height of cone = 30 cm
Let small cone be cut off at the height h from the top.
Let radius of big cone be r2 = r and small cone be r1
In ∆ADE and ∆ABC we h
have

=
→h =

Now, = = [Given]

→ ×
=

× ×
→ × ×
=

= → =

→h = 30 × = 30 × = 10

∴h = 10 cm
Thus, at a height 20 cm above base, a small cone is cut.
Set-II (Uncommon questions to Set-I)

10. Solve for x: √

√𝟑 x2 - 2√𝟐x - 2√𝟑 = 0.

Sol.√3x2 – 2√𝑥 -2√

√3 = 0 → √3𝑥 + √2𝑥 − 3√2𝑥 − 2√3 = 0.

6(√3𝑥 + √2) = 0 → (√3𝑥 + √2)(𝑥 − 6) = 0

→x(√3𝑥 + √2) − √6
√ √ √
∴ x= × = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = √6
√ √

18. A 7 m long flagstaff is fixed on top of a tower standing on the

horizontal plane. From a point on the ground, the angles of elevation
of the top and bottom of the flagstaff are 6060˚˚ and 45˚ respectively. Find
Fin
the height of the tower correct to one place of the decimal. (Use
√𝟑 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑)
Sol.Let
Let AB be the tower of height h and DA the flagstaff of height 7 m and BC is x.

In ∆ABC, = tan 45˚

→ = 1 →h = x.. …(
…(i)

Now, in ∆DBC, = tan 60˚ → = √3.

→h + 7 = √3h [∵h = x, using (i)]

→ (√3 – 1)h = 7.
(√ )
→h = = (√ )(√ )
√ √

×( . )
= = 9.5 m.

So, height of the tower is 9.5 m.

19. The pth, qth and rth terms of an A.P. are a, b and c respectively.
Show that a(q – r) + b(r – p) + c(p – q) = 0.
Sol.Let A and d be the first term and common difference of the given A.P. then
ap = A + (p – 1)d = a. …(i)
aq = A + (q – 1)d = b …(ii)
ar = A + (r – 1)d = c. …(iii)
Now, subtracting (i) and (ii), we get
(p – q)d = a – b

p–q = −

Multiplying by ‘c’ on both sides,

c(p – q) = − …(iv)

Now, (ii) – (iii), we get

(q – r)d = b – c

q–r = −

Multiplying ‘a’ by both sides,

a(q – r) = − …(v)

Now, (iii) – (i), we get

(r– p)d = c – a

r–p = −

Multiplying by ‘b’ on both sides,

b(r – p) = − …(vi)

Adding (iv), (v) and (vi), we get

A(q – r)+b(r – p)+c(p – q) = − + − + − = 0.

𝟏 𝟐 𝟏 𝟑
20. Solve for x: 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙 𝟑
= 𝒙 𝟐, x ≠ 0, 𝟐 , 𝟐

Sol. + =
( )
→ ( )
= → =

→ (x – 2)(4x – 3) = 2x2 – 3x → 4x2 – 3x – 8x + 6 = 2x2 – 3x

→4x2 – 3x – 8x + 6 – 2x2 + 3x = 0 →2x2 – 8x + 6 = 0

→ x2 - 4x + 3 = 0 →x2 – 3x – x + 3 = 0
→x(x – 3) – 1(x – 3) = 0 → (x – 3)(x – 1) = 0

→ x = 3, x = 1
28. Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD, the coordinates of whose
vertices are A(1, 2), B(6, 2) C(5, 3) and D(3, 4).

Sol.Area of ∆ABC = [x1(y2 – y3)+x2(y3 – y1)+x3(y1 – y2)]

= [1(2 – 3) + 6(3 – 2) + 5(2 – 2)]

= [- 1 + 6 + 0]

= sq. units.

Now, area of (∆ACD)

∆ACD) = [1(3 – 4) + 5(4 – 2) + 3(2 – 3)

= [ - 1 + 10 – 3]

= × 6 = 3 sq. units.

Hence, Area (quadrilateral ABCD) = + 3 = sq. units.

29. If roots of the quadratic equation x2 +2px + mn = 0 are real and

equal, show that roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 2(m + n)x + (m2
+n2 + 2p2) = 0 are also equal.
Sol.It
It is given that quadratic equation, x2 + 2px + mn = 0 has real and equal roots.

∴ (2p)2 – 4(mn)(1) = 0 [∵For

real and equal roots b2 – 4ac = 0]

→ 4p2 – 4mn = 0

→ p2 – mn = 0
p2 = mn. …(i)
Now, for quadratic equation, x2 – 2(m + n)x + (m2 + n2 +2p2) = 0
D = b2 – 4ac
D = [-2(m + n)]2 – 4(1)(m2 + n2 +2p2)
D = 4(m + n)2 -4(m2 + n2 + 2 mn)
D = 4(m + n)2 – 4(m + n)2
 D=0

∴ Roots of the quadratic equation x2 – 2(m + n)x + (m2 + n2 + 2p2) = 0, also has
equal roots.
30. Draw a triangle with sides 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm. Then construct
𝟐
another triangle whose sides are 𝟑 of the corresponding sides of the
given (first) triangle.

Sol. Steps of construction.

1. Draw a line segment AB of length 6 cm.

Then using A as center at a distance of 4 cm, draw an arc C. Also draw an arc using
B as center at distance of 5 cm., which intersect earlier drawn arc at C. Join AC
and BC.
2. Draw an acute angle BAZ and cut AZ as AA1 = A1A2 = A2A3 and join BA3.
3. Through A2 draw a line parallel to BA3 intersecting AB at B'.
4. Through B' draw a line parallel to BC intersecting AC at C'. ∆AB'C' is the
required triangle.
31. Prove that the tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to
the radius through the point of con
contact.
Sol. Given: A circle C(O, r) and a tangent AB at a point P.

To prove: OP ⊥ AB.
Construction: Take any point Q other than P on the tangent AB.
Join OQ, intersecting circle at R.
Proof: We have, OP = OR [Radii]
OQ = OR + RQ

∴ OQ > OR → OQ > OP [∴OR = OP = radius]

Thus, OP < OQ, i.e. OP is shorter than any other segment joining O to any point of
AB. But among all line segments, joining point O to point on AB, shortest one is
perpendicular from O on AB.

Hence, OP ⊥ AB.
Set-III [Uncommon questions to Set-I and II]
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
10. Solve for x: 𝒙 𝟑
−𝒙 𝟓
= 𝟔, x ≠ 3, - 5.

Sol. − = , x ≠ 3, - 5.
( ) ( )
→ ( )( )
= → =

→ 8 × 6 = x2 + 2x + 15 → x2 + 2x – 15 = 48

→ x2 + 2x – 63 = 0 → (x + 9)(x – 7) = 0

→ x = 7 or x = - 9.
18. The sum of first n terms of three A.Ps’ are S1, S2 and S3. The first
term of each is 5 and their common difference are 2, 4 and 6
respectively. Prove that S1 + S3 = 2S2.
Sol.Here a = 5 and d1 = 2, d2= 4 and d3 = 6. Let sum of n terms,

Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]

Now, S1 = [2 × 5 + (n – 1)2]
( )
= [10 + 2n – 2] = = n(n + 4)

S2 = [2 × 5 + (n – 1)4]
( )
= [10 + 4n – 2] = = n(2n + 3) = 2n2 + 3n

S3 = [2 × 5 + (n – 1)6]

= [10 + 6n – 6] = [6n + 4] = n(3n + 2)

Consider, S1 + S3 = n2 + 4n + 3n2 + 2n = 4n2 + 6n = 2(2n2 + 3n) = 2S2.

𝒂 𝒃
19. Solve for x (in terms of a and b): 𝒙 𝒃
+𝒙 𝒂
= 2, x ≠ a, b.

Sol. + = 2, x ≠ a, b.
( ) ( )
→ ( )( )
= 2.

→ ax – a2 + bx – b2 = 2(x2 – ax – bx + ab)

→ ax + bx – a2 – b2 = 2x2 – 2ax – 2bx + 2 ab

→ 2x2 – 3ax – 3bx + a2 + b2 + 2ab = 0

→ 2x2 – 3(a + b)x + (a + b)2 = 0

 −𝑏 ± √𝑏 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
( )± ( ) × ( )
x= .

( )± ( ) ( )±( )
= =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
= or x =
( ) ( )
→x = or x =

→x = a + b or x =

20. An aero plane, when flying at a height of 4000 m from the ground
passes vertically above another aero plane at an instant when the
angles of elevation of the two planes from the same point on the
ground are 60˚˚ and 45˚ respectively. Find the vertical d
distance
istance
between the aero planes at instant. (Take √𝟑 = 1.73)

Sol.Let y is the vertical distance between the aeroplanes.

In ∆ABC, = tan 45
45˚ → =1

→x = 4000 m …(
…(i)

Now, in ∆DBC = tan 60

60˚

→ = √3

→ = √3 [From ((i)]

→y + 4000 = 4000
4000√3 →y = 4000(√3 – 1)
y = 4000(1.73 – 1)

y = 4000 × 0.73 →y
y = 2920 m.
So, distance between the aero planes is 2920 m.
28. Draw a right triangle in which the sides (other than hypotenuse)
are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm. Then construct another triangle whose
𝟑
sides are 𝟒 times the side of first triangle.

Sol. Steps of construction:

1. Draw line BC = 8 cm then at B draw a line making an angle of 90˚.
90
2. Cut a length of 6 cm and name it A. Join AC. ∆ABC is right-angle
angle triangle.

3. Below BC make an acute angle ∠CBX.

4. Along BX mark off 4 points B1, B2, B3 and B4, such that BB1 = B1B2 = B2B3 =
B3B4.
5. Join B4C.
6. From B3 draw B3D || B4C meeting BC at D.
7. From D draw ED|| AC meeting BA at E.

Now we have ∆EBD which is the required triangle whose sides are of the
corresponding sides of ∆ABC.
29. Two water taps together can fill a tank in 9 hours and 36 mins. The
tap of larger diameter takes 8 hours less than the smaller one to fill the
tank separately. Find the time in which each tap can separately fill the
tank.
Sol.Let x be the time taken by larger diameter tap.

∴ x + 8 be the time taken by smaller diameter tap.

According to question,

+ = (∵9
9 hrs. 36 mins = hrs.)

( )
=

→ 96(2x + 8) = 10(x2 + 8x)

→ 10x2 – 112x – 768 = 0

→ 5x2 – 56x – 384 = 0

± ( ) × ×
×( )
→x = ×

→x = or
→x = 16 or x = - 4.8 (Rejected)
Hence, time taken by larger and smaller taps are 16 hrs. and 24 hrs. respectively.
30. Find the area of the quadrilateral ABCD, the coordinates of whose
vertices are A(-3,
3, 2), B(5, 4) C(7, -6) and D(-5, -4).

Sol.Area of ∆ABD = [x1(y2 – y3)+x2(y3 – y1)+x3(y1 – y2)]

= [-3(8) + 5(–6) + (-5)(2 – 4)]

= [- 24-30 + 10]

= × (-44) = -22 = 22 sq. units

Since area can’t be negative.

Now, area of (∆BCD)

∆BCD) = [5(– 2) + 7(–8) -5(– 10)

= [ - 10 -56 – 50]

= × (-116) = - 58 = 58 sq. units.

Since area can’t be negative.

Hence, Area (quadrilateral ABCD) =Area of ((∆ABD)
∆ABD) + area of (∆BCD)
=22 + 58 = 80 sq. units.
31. The denominator of a fraction is one more than twice its
𝟏𝟔
numerator. If the sum of the fraction and its reciprocal is 𝟐 𝟐𝟏, find the
fraction.

Sol.Let
Let the fraction be

According to question, + =2

Consider = y,, then above equation becomes,

y+ =2 → = → 21y2 + 21 = 58y.

±√ × ×
→ 21y2 – 58y + 21 = 0 →y = ×

±√ ±√ ±
→y = →y = → y=
→y= or y=

→ y= → y= → y= → y=

→ = → =

→ 3x = 14x + 7 → 7x = 6x + 3

→ - 11x = 7 →x=3

→x= (Rejected) → = ×
=

∴ The required fraction is .