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Anatomy of Skin, Joints, and Fascia

The document summarizes the structure and components of skin and underlying tissues. It describes that skin is divided into two main layers, the epidermis and dermis, connected by the superficial fascia to underlying tissues. It also outlines the structure and location of hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, and various fascial layers. Additionally, it categorizes the three main types of joints as immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable joints.

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moh.ahm3040
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71 views7 pages

Anatomy of Skin, Joints, and Fascia

The document summarizes the structure and components of skin and underlying tissues. It describes that skin is divided into two main layers, the epidermis and dermis, connected by the superficial fascia to underlying tissues. It also outlines the structure and location of hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, and various fascial layers. Additionally, it categorizes the three main types of joints as immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable joints.

Uploaded by

moh.ahm3040
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DR.Alradhi Ib.

Sharaf

Skin divided into two distinct parts;


1- The epidermis, the superficial part.
2-The dermis, the deep part.
3-The superficial fascia: the connection between the der
mis of skin and the underlying deep fascia or bones.
4-The subcutaneous tissue =superficial fascia.
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

5- The line of cleavage (the direction of rows of collagen,


they tend to run longitudinally in the limb and circumfere
ntially in the neck and trunk.
6-The skin creases: the skin over joints always folds in the
same place.
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

7-The nails: are keratinized plates on the dorsal surfaces


of the tips of fingers and toes.
a-Root of nail: The proximal edge of the plate.
b-Nail fold: the nail is surrounded and overlapped by f
olds of skin, with the exception of the distal edge of the p
late.
c-Nail bed: the surface skin covered by the nail.
8-The hair follicles: hairs grow out follicles, which are
invaginations of the epidermis into the dermis, the
follicles lie obliquely to the skin surface.
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

9-The sebaceous gland pour their secretion, sebum, onto


the shafts of the hairs as they pass up through the necks
of the follicles. They situated on the sloping undersurface
of the hair follicles and lie within the dermis.
10-The Hair bulbs: the expanded extremities of the hair
follicles.
11-The sweat gland: are long spiral, tubular glands
distributed over the surface of the body except the red
margin of the lips, the nail beds.

Fascia
1-superficial fascia
2-deep fascia
3-Retinacula: the restraining bands in the deep fascia at
the region of joints, their function is to hold underlying
tendons in position or to serve as pulleys around which
the tendon may move.
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

Joints
1-Fibrous joint
2-Cartilaginous joint
3-synovial joint
4-stability joint

Functional Classification of
Joints:
The point in human skeleton where two bones join
together
is called a joint.
There are three types of joints which are mentioned
below:
1. Synarthroses: Immoveable Joints for example ,Suture
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

2. Amphiarthrosis: Slightly/Partially moveable joints


for example, Intervertebral disc.

3. Diarthrosis: Freely moveable joints for example:


Synovial membrane.
DR.Alradhi Ib. Sharaf

Bursae:A lubricating device consisting of closed fibrous


sac lined with delicate smooth membrane.

Synovial sheath:
is a tubular bursa that surrounds a tendon.

Cartilage
1-Hyaline cartilage :(e.g. Epiphyseal plates)
2-Fibrocartilage :(e.g., the temporomandibular joint,
sternoclavicular joint and knee joint)
3-Elastic cartilage :(e.g., the auricle of the ear)
Effects of sex, race, and age on structure

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