BT5 REVIEWER ADVANTAGES OF ENG.
WOOD:
• Application-Specific Performance
• Versatile
NON CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM OF
• Greater Structural Strength
CONSTRUCTION
• Easy to Work
• Efficient use of wood
• High strength to weight ratios
• System of construction that is built • Recommended by Sustainable
from materials that do not conform to design advocates
the usual definition
DISADVANTAGES OF ENG. WOOD:
• Require more primary energy
• refers to construction which has a • Adhesives used may be toxic
manufacturer process basis. By this • Cutting can expose workers to toxic
we mean that the majority of the compounds
construction is carried out within a • Most particle and fiber-based boards
factory environment meaning there is are not appropriate for outdoor use.
a control on quality of the product and
also it is unaffected by the weather TYPES OF ENG. WOOD:
conditions. 1. Structural Glued Lumber/Structural
CompositeLumber
2. Machine Stress-rated Lumber (MSR)
WOOD CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM 3. Glue Laminated Lumber (Glulam)
• Wood is perhaps the best loved of all 4. Alternative Building Boards :
the materials that we use for building. a. Oriented Strand Boards (OSL)
It delights the eye with its endlessly b. Parallel Strand Board (PSL)
varied colors and grain patterns. It c. Particle Boards (PB)
invites the hand to feel its d. Medium Density Fiber (MDF)
subtle warmth and varied textures. e. Laminated Veneer Lumber
(LVL)
ENGINEERED WOOD COMPONENTS
• Engineered wood boards are
generally made from the same • STRUCTURAL COMPOSITE
hardwoods and softwoods used to LUMBER (SCL)
manufacture lumber, but mixed with • are recognized as rectangular
additives like adhesives. This type of shaped products that have
wood often utilizes waste wood from strength, stiffness, and
consistency resulting from wood
sawmills, and are treated through
fiber orientation and strict
chemical or heat processes to
manufacturing process control.
produce wood that meets size
• have grown in popularity
requirements that are hard to find in
because of the ability to
nature.
manufacture long length and
• also called mass timber, composite
large cross-sectional
wood, man-made wood, or
dimensions with consistency.
manufactured board
• manufactured by binding or fixing the
strands, particles,fibers, or veneers
or boards of wood, together with • The grain of each layer of
adhesives, or other methods of veneer or flakes runs
fixation primarily in the same
direction. SCL is a solid,
highly predictable, and
uniform
3. Parallel Strand Lumber
Application: • manufactured from veneers
• Typical uses for SCLinclude rafters, clipped into long strands laid
headers, beams, joists,studs, in parallel formation and
columns, and I-joist flange material. bonded together with an
adhesive to form the finished
structural section
TYPES OF SCL: • The length-to-thickness
ratio of the strands in PSL
is around 300.
• used for beam and header
applications where high
bending strength is needed.
PSL is also frequently used
as load-bearing columns.
4. Laminated Veneer Lumber
• widely used structural
composite lumber product. It
is produced by bonding thin
wood veneers together in a
1. Laminated Strand Lumber large billet that the grain of all
• made from flaked wood veneers is parallel to the long
strands that have a length- direction.
to-thickness ratio of • LVL is available in lengths far
approximately 150. beyond conventional lumber
• Combined with an adhesive, lengths.
the strands are oriented and • Applications include headers
formed into a large mat or and beams, hip and valley
billet rafters, scaffold planking,and
• used in a variety of the flange material for
applications from studs to prefabricated wood I-joists.
millwork components
depressed
2. Oriented Strand Lumber
• also made from flaked wood
strands. The strand geometry
for OSL results in length-to-
thickness ratios of
approximately 75.
• used in a variety of
applications from studs to
millwork components.
traditional look of wood along
with engineered strength.
• Glulam timbers are desirable
for their strength
characteristics and
appearance.
• MACHINE STRESS-RATED
LUMBER (MSR).
• is softwood dimension lumber
that has had its strength
predicted by mechanical
means rather than by relying
on visual indicators.
• has traditionally been used for
producing engineered wood
products such as roof trusses
and is now also commonly
used in producing glue-
laminated (glulam) beams,
chords for wood I-beams and
webs in stressed-skin panels.
• Grades of MSR lumber are
assigned “f-E” values (e.g.,
1950f-1.7E). The“f ” value
designates the predicted
strength in pounds per square
inch(psi) and the “E” value
designates the average
stiffness measured in millions
of pounds per square inch
(106 psi).
• ALTERNATIVE BUILDING
BOARDS:
1. Medium Density
Fiberboard
• is an engineered wood product
• STRUCTURAL GLUED LUMBER. formed by breaking down softwood
• Glulam is produced in intowood fibers, often in a
laminating plants by gluing defibrator,combining it with wax and
together layers of sawn resin, andforming panels by applying
lumber to form large cross- high temperature and pressure.
section timbers that retain the
• It is denser than a normal particle WOOD FASTENERS
board.
• Large-scale production of MDF
began in the 1980s. • NAILS
• MDF typically has a density of 600- • are sharp-pointed metal pins that are
800 kg/m3 driven into wood with a hammer or a
• MDF is also known as Custom Wood mechanical nail gun.
orCraft Wood. • Nails are ordinarily furnished bright,
meaning that they are made of plain,
uncoated steel.
2. Oriented Strand
Board
• is a type of engineered wood similar
to particle board, formed by adding
adhesives and then compressing
layers of wood strands
3. Particle Board
• also known as chipboard or low-
density fiberboard,is an engineered
wood products manufactured from
wood chips and synthetic resin or
other
• WOOD SCREWS AND LAG
SCREWS
• are spiral-threaded fasteners
installed by turning action whereby
the threads draw the screw tightly
into the material being fastened
• SELF DRILLING WOOD
SCREWS
• Do not require pre drilled
pilot holes and can be
installed more quickly with
power screwdrivers. They
are used for attaching
subfloor to floor framing(to
reduce poor squeaking)
• SPECIALTY SCREWS
• come in an endless variety of
styles.Alternate driver
shapes, such as square or
star-shaped, engage and
hold screws more reliable
and can transmit greater
torque than traditional slotted
orPhillips drivers. Wider,
steeper thread patterns
improve screw-holding
strength and allow faster
driving.
• TIMBER
CONNECTORS
• The split-ring
connector is used in
conjunction with a
• BOLTS bolt and is inserted in
- are used mainly for structural matching circular
connections in heavy timber grooves in the mating
framing and, less frequently, in pieces of wood.
wood light framing for fastening • It provides greater
ledgers, beams, or other heavy capacity by spreading
applications. the load across a
- Commonly used bolts range in much greater area of
diameter from 38 to 1 inch (10 to wood than can be
25 mm) in almost any desired done with a bolt
length alone.
• The split permits the
ring to adjust to wood
shrinkage.
• Split rings are useful
primarily in heavy
timber construction.
• Sheet Metal and Metal
PlateFraming Devices
• most frequently used is the joist
hanger
• Dozens of ingenious sheet metal
and metalplate devices are
manufactured for strengthening
common connections in wood
framing.
• TOOTHED PLATES
• are used in factory-produced
lightweight roof and floor trusses.
They are inserted into the wood with
hydraulic presses,pneumatic
presses, or mechanical rollers and
act as metal splice plates, each with
a very large number of built-in nails.
• They are extremely effective
connectors because no drilling or
gluing is required, they can be
installed rapidly, and their multiple
closely spaced points interlock
tightly with The wood.
MANUFACTURED WOOD COMPONENTS
• TRUSSES
• Trusses for both roof and
floor construction are
manufactured in small, highly
efficient plants. Most are
based on 2 x 4s and 2 x 6
joined with toothed-plate
connectors.
• Wood I-Joists
• are used for framing of both
roofs and floors.
• The flanges of the members
may be made from solid
lumber, laminated veneer
lumber,or laminated strand
lumber. The webs may be
plywood or OSB, though in
this particular application,
OSB’s greater shear strength
makes it a superior choice
over plywood.
• They are also lighter in
weight than corresponding
solid members, lack crooks
and bows, are more
dimensionally stable,and are
available in lengths up to 40
feet(12.2 m)
• HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION
• TYPICAL BEAM-COLUMN
CONNECTIONS.
• PIER AND BEAM FOUNDATION
• WOOD FLOORING
