INDEX

1. Introduction
1.1 Abstract
1.2 Organization Profile

2. System Analysis

2.1 Software Requirement Specification (SRS)

2.2 Existing system
2.3 Software & hardware Requirements
2.4 Feasibility Study
2.4.1 Technical Feasibility
2.4.2 Economical Feasibility
2.4.3 Operational Feasibility
3. System Specification
3.1 System Environment and Tools

4. System Design
4.1 Data Flow Diagrams
5. Conclusion

1
INTRODUCTION

2
1. Introduction

Shops are required for the following purposes :-

1. Capital works
2. Operation and Maintenances Works
3. Other Commercial activities like groceries, shopping malls, Food centre‟s
etc..

The „Shops Management System‟ is targeted to automate almost all of the processes
mentioned above to reduce the clerical labor of the staff working in Shops both
technical as well as Accounts departments using the software Industry‟s latest
technologies and cost effective tools there by providing better control to the
management by avoiding manual errors etc..

In this project, modules under study are Material Issues module, Reports module.

Material Issues module deals with the Issues functionality of the application. It mainly
contains two operations namely Material issues i.e. Issues issued to works based on
field requisitions and Inter shops issues i.e. material issues to other shops based on inter
shop requisitions. For these two operations, we have to issue the gate passes for both
types of operations.

Reports module deals with the Reports provided by the application. This module
contains various reports namely Monthly SRB Report, Monthly SIB Report, Monthly
Section Wise Issues Reports, Priced Ledger, Monthly Shops Abstract, Monthly Work
Order wise Details and Monthly Stock Report.

3
1.1. Abstract

Project Title: Shops Management System

The system creates a web based manufacturing system that enables a

manufacturing industry to schedule its manufacturing operations based on the daily
update of sales from its dealers. Once the sales figures of items for the past week are
entered by the dealers over the internet along with the orders for the next delivery, the
schedule for the next week‟s production will be drawn up. A report of the required raw
materials or parts will be drawn up with the product requirements over the internet &
asked to quote their rates.

Once the rates are quoted, the order will be placed with the required delivery schedules.
Once the parts the parts are supplied the stocks will be updated. Then a production plan
will be drawn up taking the bill of materials into consideration. Once the production
plan is approved, the stock will be updated when the material is issued. Once the
finished products are available the delivery schedules will be drawn up based on the
orders placed by the Dealers. The stocks with the dealers will also be maintained.

The Benefits of the Shops Management System is

 It is used as an intranet Application.

 Providing High-Security.

 Easy Business Solutions.

4
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

5
2. System Analysis

2.1. Software Requirement Specification

(SRS) What is SRS?
Software Requirement Specification (SRS) is the starting point of the software
developing activity. As system grew more complex, it became evident that the goal of
the entire system cannot be easily comprehended. Hence the need for the requirement
phase arose. The software project us initiated by the client needs. The SRS is the means
of translating the ideas of the minds of clients (the input) into a formal document (the
output of the requirement phase.)

The SRS phase consists of two basic activities:

1) Problem/Requirement Analysis:
The process is order and more nebuious of the two, deals with understand the
problem, the goal and constraints.

2) Requirement Specification:
Here, the focus is on specifying what has been found giving analysis such as
representation, specification languages and tools, and checking the
specifications are addressed during this activity.

The requirement phase terminates with the production of the validate SRS
document. Producing the SRS document is the basic goal of this phase.

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Role of SRS

The purpose of the Software Requirement Specification is to reduce the communication

gap between the clients and the developers. Software Requirement Specification is the
medium through which the client and user needs are accurately specified. It forms the
basis of software development. A good SRS should satisfy all the parties involved in the
system.

Purpose

The purpose of this document is to describe all external requirements for mobile task
manager. It also describes the interfaces for the system.

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2.2. Existing System

The existing system for Shops Management System activities uses open source standard
& technologies. It had been developed on WINDOWS 2000 PROFESSIONAL platform
with „POSTGRESQL‟ database. All the shops of the power distribution company
limited are made through the open source standards & technologies. The user
interaction is in GUI (Graphical User Interface) mode.

Shops are required for the following purposes.

1. Capital works
2. Operation and Maintenances Works
3. Other Commercial activities like hiring equipment etc.

The „Shops Management System package‟ is targeted to automate the almost all of the
processes mentioned above to reduce the clerical labour of the staff working in Shops
both technical and as well as Accounts departments using the software Industry‟s latest
technologies and cost effective tools there by providing the better control to the
management by avoiding manual errors etc..,

8
2.3. Hardware And Software Requirements
2.3.1. Hardware
requirements SERVER:
Processor : Pentium IV
Speed : 1.7 GHz
Memory Capacity : 1 GB
Hard Disk Capacity : 80 GB
Monitor Make : HP
Client:
Processor : Pentium IV
Speed : 1.7 GHz
Memory Capacity : 256 MB
Hard Disk Capacity : 20 GB
Monitor Make : HP
2.3.2. Software Requirements
Database : Oracle
Programming Language : Java

2.4. Feasibility Study

The existing system is clearly understood the next step is to conduct the feasibility
study, which is a high level capsule version of the entire System Analysis and Design

9
process. The objective is to determine whether the proposed system is feasible. The
three tests of feasibility have been carried out:
2.4.1. Technical Feasibility
2.4.2. Economical Feasibility
2.4.3. Operational Feasibility
2.4.1. Technical Feasibility
In technical feasibility study, one has to test whether the proposed system can be
developed using existing technology or not. It is planned to implement the proposed
system using Windows 2000 Professional, JSP and Apache Tomcat Wed Server. The
Organization already possesses Windows 2000 Professional Operating System. It is
evident that the necessary hardware and software are available for the development and
implementation of the proposed system. Hence the solution is technically feasible.

2.4.2. Economical Feasibility

As part of this, the costs and benefits associated with the proposed system are to be
compared and the project is economically feasible only if benefits outweigh costs. The
Organization has already its own satellite link, and a host of SUN FIRE 6800 servers.
So it need not invest newly for the internet connection and also the organization
initiated to use Open Source in project development, hence there is 0 additional cost
incurred for the tools that will be used.

2.4.3. Operational Feasibility:

This test of feasibility checks if the system works with least difficulties when it is
developed and installed. The technical staff has sufficient knowledge of the tools being

10
used and the users need just to know how to access and run the programs in the Apache
Web Sever. Hence it is concluded that the system is operationally feasible.

11
SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

12
3. System Specification

3.1. System Environment and Tools

JAVA

Creation Of Java

Java was conceived by James Gosling Patrick Naughton, Chris Wrath, Ed Frank and
Mike Sheridan at SUN Micro Systems Incorporation in 1991. It took 18 months to
develop the first working version. This language was initially called “oak”, but was
renamed “java” in 1995, many more contributed to the design and evolution of the
language.

Java Overview:

Java is powerful but lean Object-Oriented programming language. It has generated a lot
of excitement because it makes it possible to program for Internet by creating applets,
programs that can be embedded in the web page.

The context of an applet is limited by only one‟s imagination. For Example, an applet
can be an imagination with sound, an interactive game or a ticker tape with constantly
updated stock prices. Applets can be just like decorations to liven up the WebPages, or
they can be serious applications like word processors or spreadsheet.

But java is more than programming languages for writing applets. It is being used more
and more for writing standalone applications as well. It is becoming so popular that
many people believe it will become standard language for both general purpose and
Internet Programming.

There are many buzzwords associated with java, but because of its spectacular growth
in popularity, a new buzzword has appeared ubiquitous. Indeed, all indications are that
it will soon be everywhere.

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Java builds on the strength of C++. It has taken the best features of C++ and discarded
the more problematic and error prone parts. To this lean core, it has added garbage
collection (automatic memory management), multi threading (the capacity for one
program to do more than one thing at a time) and Security capabilities. The results are
that java is simple, elegant, powerful and easy to use.

Java is actually a platform consisting of three components:

1) Java programming language.

2) Java library of classes and interfaces.

3) Java virtual Machine.

The following sections will say more about these components:

Java is Portable:

One of the biggest advantages Java offers is that it is portable. An application written in
Java will run on all the major platforms. Any computer with a Java based browser can
run the applications or applets written in the Java programming language. A
Programmer no longer has to write one program to run on a Macintosh, another
program to run on a windows machine, still another to run on a UNIX machine, and so
on. In other words, with Java, developers write programs only once. Rather than being
compiled in to machine language, which is different for each operating systems and
computer architecture, Java code is compiled in to byte codes.

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With other languages, the program code is compiled in to a language that the computer
can understand; the problem is that other computers with different machine instructions
set cannot understand that language. Java code, on the other hand is compiled in to byte
codes rather than a machine language. These byte codes go to the Java virtual machine,
which executes them directly or translates them in to the language that is understood by
the machine running it.

In the summary, these means that with the JDBC API extending Java, a programmer
writing Java code can access all the major relational databases on any platform that
supports the Java virtual machine.

Java Is Object-Oriented:

Java programming language is object oriented, which makes program design focus on
what you are dealing with rather than on how you are going to do something. This
makes it more useful for programming in sophisticated projects because one can break
the things down into understandable components. A big benefit is that these
components can than be reused.

Object Oriented languages use the paradigm of classes. In simplest terms, a class
includes both the data and the functions to operate on the data, all the data members and
functionality of its class. Because of this, you can think of a class as being like template,
with each object being a specific instance of a particular type of a class.

The class paradigm allows one to encapsulate data so that specific data values are those
using the data cannot see function implementation. Encapsulation makes is possible to
make the changes in code without breaking other programs that use that code. If for
example the implementation of a function is changed, the change is invisible to the
programmer who invokes that function, and it does not affect his/her program, except
hopefully to improve it.

Java includes inheritance, or the ability to derive new classes from existing classes. The
derived class, referred to as the parent class. A subclass can add new data members to
15
those inherited from the parent class. As far as methods are concerned, the subclass can
reuse the inherited methods as it is, change them, and/or add its own new methods.

Java Makes It Easy To Write Correct Code:

In addition to being portable and object oriented, java facilitates writing correct code.
Programmers spend less time writing java code and a lot less time debugging it. In fact,
development time reduces by as much as two thirds.

The following is a list of some of java’s features that make it easier to write
correct code:

Garbage Collection:

Automatically takes care of allocating and deallocating memory, a huge potential source
of errors(Memory Leaks). If an object is no longer being used, then it is automatically
removed from memory, or “garbage collected”. Programmers don‟t have to keep track
of what has been allocated and deallocated themselves, which makes their job a lot
easier, but more importantly it stops memory leaks.

No Pointers:

Eliminates big source errors. By using object references instead of memory pointers,
problems with pointer arithmetic are eliminated, and problems with inadvertently
accessing the wrong memory address are greatly reduced.

Strong Typing:

Cuts down on runtime errors. Because java enforces strong type checking, many errors
are caught when code is compiled. Dynamic binding is possible and often very useful,
but static binding with strict type checking is used when possible.

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Simplicity:

Makes java easier to learn and use correctly. Java keeps it simple by having just one
way to do something instead of having several alternatives, as in some languages. Java
also stays lean by not including multiple inheritances, which eliminates the errors and
ambiguity that arise when you create a subclass that inherits from two or more classes.

To replace capabilities, multiple inheritances provide, Java lets you add functionality to
a class throw the use of interfaces.

Java Includes a Library Of Classes And Interfaces:

Java platform includes an extensive class library so that programmers can use already
existing classes, or implement interfaces to augment the capabilities of classes.

Both classes and interfaces contain data members and functions, but there are major
differences. In a class, fields may be either variable or constant, and methods are fully
implemented. In an interface, fields must be constants, and methods are prototypes with
no implementations. The prototypes give the method signature (the return type, the
function name, and the number of parameters with the type for each parameter), but the
programmer must supply implementations. To use an interface, a programmer defines a
class, declares that it implements the interface, and then implements all the methods in
that interface as part of the class.

These methods are implemented in a way that is appropriate for the class in which the
methods are being used. Interfaces let one add functionality to a class and give a great
deal of flexibility in doing it. In other words interfaces provide most of the advantages
of multiple inheritance without its advantages.

A Package is a collection of related java classes and interfaces. The following list,
though not complete, gives examples of some java packages and what they cover.

Java. lang--the basic classes. This package is so basic that it automatically is +include
in any java program. It includes classes dealing with numeric, Strings, objects, runtime,
security and threads.

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Java.io-- classes that manage reading data from input streams and writing data to the
output streams.

Java.util-- miscellaneous utility classes, including generic data structures, bit sets, time,
date, the string manipulation, random number generation, system properties, notification
and enumeration of data structures.

Java.net--classes for network support.

Java.awt--classes that manage user interface components such as windows, dialog

boxes, buttons, checkboxes, lists, menus, scrollbars, and text fields the “AWT” stands
Abstract window Toolkit.

Java.awt.image--classes for managing image data, including color models,

dropping, color filtering, setting pixel values, and grabbing snapshots.

Java.applet--The Applet class, which provides the ability to write applets, this package
also includes several interfaces that connect an applet to its document and to resources
for playing audio.

It is important that a programmer not be able to write subversive code for applications
or applets. This is especially true with the Internet being used more and more
extensively for services such as electronic commerce and electronic distributions of
software and multimedia content.

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The Java platform builds in security in four ways.

The way the memory is allocated and laid out: in Java objects location in memory is not
determined until the runtime, as opposed to C and C++, where the compiler marks
memory layout decisions. As the result, a programmer cannot look at a class definition
and figure out how it might be laid out in memory. Also since, java has no pointers, a
programmer cannot forge pointers to memory.

The Way Classes Are Loaded:

The java virtual machine doesn‟t trust any incoming code and subjects it to what is
called Byte code verification. The byte code verifier, part of the virtual machine, checks
that

A: The format of incoming code is

correct. B: Incoming code doesn‟t forge
pointers. C: It doesn‟t violate access
restrictions.
D: It accesses objects as what they are.

The Java byte code loader, another part of the virtual machine, checks whether classes
loaded during program execution is local or forms across a network. Imported classes
cannot be substituted for built in classes, and built in classes cannot accidentally
references classes brought in over a network.

The Way Access Is Restricted For Un trusted Code:

Java security manager allows user to restrict un trusted Java applets so that they cannot
access the local network, local files and other resources.

19
Java Performs Well:

Java performance is better than one might expect. Java‟s many advantages, such as
having built in security and being interpreted as well as compiled, do have a cost
attached to them. However, various optimizations have been built in, and the byte code
interpreter can run very fast the cost it does not have to do any checking. As a result,
java has done quite respectably in performance tests. Its performance numbers for
interpreted byte codes are usually more than adequate to run interactive graphical end
user applications.

For situation that require unusually high performance, byte codes can be translated on
the fly, generated the final machine code for the particular CPU on which the
application is running at run time.

High level interpreted scripting languages generally offer great portability and fast
prototyping but poor performances. Low level compiled languages like C and C++ offer
great performances but require large amounts of time for writing and debugging the
code.

Because of problems with areas such memory management, pointers and multiple
inheritance. Java offers good performance with the advantages of high level languages
but with out the disadvantages of C and C++. In the world of design trade-offs, you can
think of Java providing a very attractive middle ground.

Java Is Robust:

The multi plat formed environment of the web places extraordinary demand on a
program, because it must execute reliably in a variety of systems. Thus the ability to
create robust programs was given a high priority in the design of Java. To gain
reliability, java restricts you in a few key areas to force you to find your mistakes early
in program developments. At the same time java frees you from having to worry about
many of the most common causes of programming errors. Because Java is strictly typed
language, it checks your code at compile time. However, it also checks at runtime.
Infact, many hard to track down bugs that often turn up in hard to reproduce runtime
situations are simply impossible to create in Java. Knowing that what you have written
will behave in a predictable way under diverse conditions is a key feature of java.

20
To understand how java Robust, consider two main reasons for program failure:

Many management mistakes and mishandled exceptional conditions (run time errors).
Memory management can be difficult, tedious task in traditional programming
environments. For example some programmers some times forget the memory that has
been previously allocated. Or worse, they may free memory that another part of their
code is still using.

Java virtually eliminates these problems by managing memory allocates and

Deal locations. Java helps in this area by providing object oriented exception handling.
In a well-written java a program should manage program all run time errors.

Java Scales Well:

Java platform is designed to scale well, from portable consumer electronic devices to
powerful desktop and server machines. The virtual machine takes a small footprint and
Java byte code is optimized to be small and compact. As a result, Java accommodates
the need for low storage and for low bandwidth transmission over the Internet. In
addition the Java operating system offers a standalone java platform API. This makes
java ideal for low cost network computers whose sole purpose is to access the Internet.

Java Is Multithreaded:

Multithreading is simply the ability of a program to do more than one thing at a time.
For example an application could be faxing a document at the sane time it is printing
another document. Or a program could process new inventory figures while it maintains
fever for current prices. Multithreading is particularly important in multi media: a
multimedia program might often be running a movie, running a audio track displaying
text all at the same time.

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Why Java Is Important To The Internet:

The Internet helped catapult java to the forefront of programming and java in turn has
had profound effect on the Internet. The reason is simple. Java expands the universe of
objects that can move about freely in cyberspace. In a network, there are two broad
categorizes of objects transmitted between the server and your personal computer.
Passive information and dynamic active programs. For example when you read your
email, you are viewing passive data. Even when you download a program, the
program‟s code is still passive data until it is executed. However, there is a second type
of object that can be transmitted to your computer: a dynamic, self-executing program.
Such a program would be an active agent on the client computer, yet the server would
initiate it.

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Java Server Pages (JSP)

A JSP page is a text page document that describes how to process request to create a
response. JSP is a Java-based technology that simplifies the process of developing
dynamic web sites. With JSP, web designers and developers can quickly incorporate
dynamic elements into web pages using embedded Java and simple mark-up tags. These
tags provide the HTML designer with a way to access data and business logic shopd
inside Java object.

JSP are txt files with extension „.jsp‟ which takes place of traditional HTML pages. JSP
files contain traditional HTML along with the embedded Code that allows the developer
to access data from the Java code running on the server.

JSP is now an integral part of developing web-based application using java. Because of
the ability to separate presentation from implementation logic by combing standard
mark-up text with scripting element and object-oriented components, JSP provides an
excellent front end technology for applications that are the deployed over the web.

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Application Model:

JSP pages can be used in combination with servlets, http, html, xml, applets, java beans
components and enterprise java beans components, to implement a wide variety of
application architecture(s)or models. To facilitate web-based applications, both servlets
and JSP are required elements of j2ee specifications. And while both technologies can
be used to dynamically generate html to be send to an end-users web browser, only JSP
enforces a strong separation between presentation logic involved in displaying data and
the business or programming logic used to generate data in first place. When using JSP,
changes to presentation of the data do not require any changes to the underlined server
code that supplied data in the first place.

The java server pages technology offers the following advantages:

 Write once, run anywhere properties

 High quality tool support.
 Re-use of components and tag libraries.
 Separation of dynamic and static content:
 Support for scripting and actions
 Web access layer for N-tier enterprise application architecture.

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Executing JSP:

Adding JSP support:

The most basic requirements for using JSP are a web server implies. Both hardware in
the form of a computer accessible over the Internet or a corporate based intranet and s/w
in the form of an HTP server running on that hardware. Some of most popular http
servers are: apache, Microsoft Internet information sever, web logic etc.

JSP execution start with request for a JSP page, the processing is done based on JSP tag
on the page In order to generate contents dynamically the output of the processing is
combined with the page static HTML, and presented on the web browser.

Scripting Languages:

The default scripting language for JSP is, naturally, java. Since JSP Pages are compiled
into java servlets, this assumption makes the translation of the scripts into servlets code
very straight forward. To be acceptable for use with JSP, scripting languages must
meet three requirements:

1. It must support the manipulation of Java objects.

2. It must include the ability to catch Java exceptions and specify
exception handlers.
3. It must be able to invoke methods on Java objects.

25
JSP Tags:

JSP provides four major categories of markup tags:

1. Directives, is a set of tags for providing the JSP container with page specific
instructions for how the documents containing the directives are to be
processed.

2. Scripting elements are used to embedded programming instructions written in the

designated scripting language for the pages which are to be executed each time the page
is processed for request.

3. Comments are used for adding documentation strings to a JSP page.

4. Action support different behaviors.

<%=%> : USED FOR EXPRESSIONS

<%%> : USED FOR SCRIPLETS
<%!%> : USED FOR DECLARATION
<%@%> : USED FOR DIRECTIVES
<%@page%> : USED FOR PAGE DIRECTIVES.

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Expressions:

A JSP expression element is a scripting language expression that is evaluated and

that can be converted into a string which is succeed emitted into the out object.

Syntax: <%= expression%>

Scriplet:

Scriplet can contain any code fragment that is valid for scripting language fragment.

Syntax: <%scrip let %>

Declarations:

These are used to declare variables and methods in the scripting language.
A declaration is initialized when the JSP page is initialized and is made available
to other declarations and scriplets.

Syntax: <%! Declarations%>

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 Directives:

These are messages to JSP engine.

Syntax: <%@directives%>

Page Directives:

The page directive defines a number of page dependent attributes and communicates
these to the JSP engine.

Syntax: <%@page = directive-attribute-list%>

About JDBC

The JDBCTM API provides universal data access from the Java TM programming
language. Using the JDBC 3.0 API, you can access virtually any data source,
from relational databases to spreadsheets and flat files. JDBC technology also
provides a common base on which tools and alternate interfaces can be built.

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The JDBC 3.0 API is comprised of two packages:

1. The java.sql package

2. The javax.sql package, which adds server-side capabilities

The JDBC-ODBC Bridge allows applications written in the JavaTM programming

language to use the JDBCTM API with many existing ODBC drivers.

The Bridge is itself a driver based on JDBC technology ("JDBC driver") that is defined
in the class “ sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver ” The Bridge defines the JDBC sub
protocol Odbc.

Status of the JDBC-ODBC Bridge:

The JDBC-ODBC Bridge should be considered a transitional solution. Sun

Microsystems and Merant are working to make the Bridge more reliable and robust, but
they do not consider it a supported product. With the development of pure-Java JDBC
drivers, the JDBC-ODBC Bridge should become unnecessary.

Why not just use ODBC?

The JDBC-ODBC Bridge offers several advantages over "naked" ODBC.

 The ODBC API is strongly oriented toward C/C++ programmers. The JDBC-
ODBC Bridge makes it unnecessary for programmers using the Java
programming language to deal with non-Java language concepts.

29
 The ODBC API is extremely complex and intermingles high-level and low-level
functions. The JDBC-ODBC Bridge allows the programmer to rely on the JDBC
API, which is relatively simple and easy to learn.
 The JDBC-ODBC Bridge lets a program deal with ODBC through a standardized
JDBC interface. That helps a program avoid being tied to ODBC when a better
solution comes along.

30
SYSTEM DESIGN

31
4. System Design:
4.1. Data Flow Diagrams:

The data flow diagrams from the important modeling tools in the structure system
analysis methodologies. The data flow diagrams are on of the most important tools used
by system analyst.

Data flow diagram should be the first tool used by the system analyst to model system
components. There are three kinds of system components.

1. Process
2. Entity
3. Data flow

1. Process:

Processes show what system does. Each process has one more data inputs or more data
outputs. Circles in a DFD represent processes. Each process has a unique name and
number. This name and number appear inside the circle that represents the process in a

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2. External Entities:

External entities are outside the system they either supply input data into the system or
use the system output. They are entities over which the designer has no control. They
may be organizational customers or other bodies with which the system interact.
External entities may be represented by a square or rectangle. External entities that
supply data into a system are sometimes called sources. External entities that use the
system data are sometimes called sources. External entities that use the system data are
sometimes calls sinks.

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3. Data flows:

Data flows model the passage of the system and are represented by lines joining the
system components. An arrow indicates the direction of the flow and the lines is
labeled by the name of the data flow. Flow of data in the system can take place.

34
4.2 Use Case Diagram:

35
4.3 E-R Diagram:

36
 CONCLUSION

37
5. Conclusion:
Thus we have successfully completed our diploma final year project of „Shop
Management System‟ according to the market needs as well as the guidelines given by
our Project Guide and other teaching staff. The experience of completing our project
was not only fulfilling but also a great learning curve. We followed the waterfall model
of project development. It is one of the best and efficient model for project
development.
Testing of the software was done by all the members at different levels and by using the
method of role play so that it was tested more thoroughly and efficiently.

Lastly we are thankful to the support extended by the project guide and various other
people directly or in directly.

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