LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k ill 5: LISTEN FOR W HO A N D WHAT IN PASSIVES

It is so m e tim e s d iffic u lt to u n d e rsta n d who or w h a t is d o in g th e a c tio n in a passive se n ­

te n c e . T h is p r o b le m is o fte n te sted in L iste n in g P art A.

Exam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) Did Sally go to the bank this morning?

(woman) Yes, she did. She got a new checking account.
(narrator) What does the w om an imply?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Sally wrote several checks.

(B) Sally wanted to check up on the bank.
(C) A new checking account was opened.
(D) Sally checked on the balance in her account.

In this co n v ersa tio n , th e w om an u ses an active sta te m en t th at m ea n s that Sally opened a check­
in g account. T h e c o rrect answ er u ses th e passive stru ctu re th at a checking account was opened
to exp ress th e sam e idea. T h e r e fo r e , the b est answ er to th e q u estio n above is answ er (C ).

You sh o u ld n o te th e fo llo w in g a b o u t passive s e n t e n c e s in L iste n in g P art A:

PASSIVE STATEMENTS ___________________________

1. If the conversation contains a passive statement, the answer to the question Is often an oct/ve
statement.
2. If the conversation contains an active statement, the answer to the question is often a passive
statement.

NOTE: Check carefully who or what is doing the action in these questions.

E X E R C ISE 5: In th is e x e r c ise e a c h o f th e c o r r e c t answ ers is e ith e r a passive r e sta te m e n t

o f an active se n te n c e or a n active r e sta te m e n t o f a passive se n te n c e . R ead th e sh o r t c o n ­
v ersa tio n an d u n d e r lin e th e key active o r passive sta te m e n t. T h e n read th e q u e stio n and
c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e stio n . B e c a re fu l a b o u t who an d w hat w ith th e se passives.

1. (wom an) Alice needs to pay her tuition (A) A lice’s education has paid off.
today. (B) A lice’s tuition needs to be paid.
(m an) But her tuition has alreadybeen (C) Alice has already paid her fees.
paid. (D) Alice has already received the
(narrator) What does the man imply T money.
 LISTENING PARTA

(man) Have you been taking good (A) She drank som e water on the lawn
care o f the lawn ? this m orning.
(woman) I watered it only this morning. (B) She waited for him on the lawn this
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? m orning.
(C) T he lawn has already b een watered
today.
(D) She wanted a new lawn this morning.

(man)Did you hear the news about the (A) Som eone located the girl.
child who was lost in the park ? (B) She heard about the new park from
(woman) Yes, and I heard that she was ju st the child.
found! (C) T he child found her lost pet.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (D) The child was the last o n e in the
park.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 5: In th is e x e r c is e , liste n c a re fu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s ­

tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You
sh o u ld be p a rticu la rly c a refu l o f p assives.

N ow BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 5.

(A) If the restaurant is on the corner. 5. (A) She was broke from skiing.
(B) If the man would like to go to the (B) She w ent skiing in spite o f her
restaurant. accident.
(C) If the vegetables are fresh. (C) H er leg was hurt on a skiing trip.
(D) If vegetarian food can be obtained. (D) H er skis were broken in the
m ountains.
2. (A) H e admittfcd that h e wanted to go
to law school in the fall. 6. (A) T he road the horses took was long
(B) T h e law school accepted him as a and hard.
student. (B) It was hard to find the hidden
(C) T h e law professor adm itted that he houses.
would be a student in the fall (C) T he riders worked the horses too
semester. m uch.
(D) H e would be adm itted to law (D) It was hard for p eop le to ride the
school after the fall semester. horses for long.
3. (A) Mark’s plants were cared for in his 7. (A) H e d id n ’t want the coffee that the
absence. wom an ordered.
(B) Mark’s plan was to be out o f town. (B) H e wasn’t sure if the wom an
(C) Mark was careful about his plans wanted coffee.
for the out-of-town trip. (C) H e assum ed the wom an had
(D) She was careful while Mark was ordered coffee.
gone. (D) H e was unaware that coffee had
already b een ordered.
4. (A) T h e lights in the trees were
destroyed in the storm. 8. (A) T he car was in the left parking lo t
(B) T h e storm dam aged the trees. at the airport.
(C) T h e falling trees destroyed a store. (B) T he friends parked their car at the
(D) In the light the destruction o f the airport.
storm could be seen. (C) The airport c o u ld n ’t hold a lot o f
cars.
(D) T here were a lot o f cars to the left
o f the parking lot.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

9. (A) The students p ointed at Mac. 10. (A) After the earthquake, the
(B) Mac was present when the other insurance com pany came out to
students m ade the appointm ent. inspect the damage.
(C) The class representative suggested (B) The insurance company insisted
Mac to the other students. that the building be repaired to
(D) Mac was chosen by his classmates to m eet earthquake safety standards.
represent them. (C) The inhabitants paid their
premiums after the earthquake.
(D) T he insurance company paid for
the earthquake damage.

S k ill 6: LISTEN FOR W HO A N D WHAT W IT H MULTIPLE N O U N S

W h e n th e r e is m o r e th a n o n e n o u n in a s e n te n c e in L iste n in g P art A , it is c o m m o n for

th e answ ers to c o n fu s e w h ic h n o u n d o e s w hat.

Exam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) Do you know w ho is in the band now?
(woman) I heard that Mara replaced Robert in the band.
(narrator) What does the w om an say about the band?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Robert became a new member of the band.
(B) Robert took Mara's place in the band.
(C) Mara didn’t have a place in the band.
(D) Mara took Robert’s place in the band.

In th e w o m a n ’s r e s p o n se to th e m a n ’s q u e s tio n , sh e talks a b o u t tw o p e o p le (M ara

a n d Robert), a n d th e se tw o p e o p le are c o n fu s e d in th e answ ers. B e ca u se M ara replaced
Robert, th is m e a n s th at M ara is in th e b a n d an d R o b er t is n o t. T h e b e st answ er is th e r efo r e
an sw er (D ).

T h e fo llo w in g ch art o u tlin e s th e key p o in t th a t y o u sh o u ld r e m e m b e r a b o u t q u estio n s

w ith m u ltip le n ou n s:
 LISTENING PARTA

EX E R C ISE 6: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e c o n fu s in g n o u n s in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa ­

tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r to
th in k very ca re fu lly a b o u t w h o is d o in g w h at.

(m an) Why is Bill not at work thừ (A) T he doctor d ecid ed to take som e
week? rime o ff from work.
(wom an) H is doctor made him take a (B) The doctor told Bill he w asn’t too
week off. weak to work.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (C) Bill was mad w hen the doctor took
som e time off.
(D) Bill took a vacation on his d octor’s
orders.
(m an) Why is P aul going back home (A) Paul is gettin g m arried this
this summer? summer.
(woman) H e ’s returning to Vermont fo r (B) Paul’s sister is returning from
his sister’s wedding. Verm ont to g e t married.
(narrator) What does the woman mean 1 (C) Paul will be there when his sister
gets m arried this summer.
(D) Paul’s sister is com in g to his
wedding in Vermont.
3. (man) D id you hear that John's uncle (A) John received an inheritance when
died? his un cle died.
(woman) Yes, and John was named (B) It’s a b enefit that J o h n ’s nam e is
beneficiary in his uncle’s will. the sam e as his u n cle’s.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (C) John knows that his un cle will
com e to the benefit.
(D) J o h n ’s uncle gave him a b eneficial
name.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 6: In th is e x e r c is e , liste n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s ­

tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . Y ou
s h o u ld b e particu larly c a re fu l o f w h o is d o in g w hat.

N ow BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT T o e f l E x e r c is e 6.

n
(A) The passenger waited at the corner. 3. (A) The baby sister w ent to bed quite
(B) T he passenger looked for a taxi at early.
the corner. (B) The children w ere forced to go to
(C) T he cab driver waited for the bed early.
passenger. (C) The baby-sitter m ade the bed after
(D) T he passenger cornered the the children g o t up.
waiting taxi driver. (D) The baby-sitter did not stay up late.
2. (A) It was hard for her to hear Jane last 4. (A) The m an taught his son about
night. football.
(B) Jane gave a harp recital last night. (B) The boy is receiving the ball from
(C) Jane was playing hard while she was his dad.
hurt. (C) T he ball is being tossed in to the air
(D) She played the harp last night for by the boy.
Jane. (D) The m an is playing with the ball in
the sun.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

(A) The students were told to go listen 8. (A) The chairman decid ed that Tony
to the speaker. ' would serve on the board for
(B) T he professor attended that another year.
even in g’s lecture. (B) The chairman elected the board.
(C) The students were given directions (C) The board decided Tony could be
to the lecture. chairman after o n e year.
(D) The professor was directed to the (D) Tony becam e chairman for one
lecture hall. more year.

(A) T he m anager went to the supply 9. (A) The ju d ge defended the murderer.
room. (B) The ju d ge tried to protect the
(B) The clerk set supplies on the floor defendant from the murderer.
(C) The clerk went to the supply room (C) The ju d ge said that the defendant
at the m anager’s request. was a criminal.
(D) T he clerk backed into the manager (D) The defense cou ld n ’t make a
in the supply room. jud gm en t about the criminal.

(A) T he librarian was quite reserved 10. (A) The woman should announce the
with the students for two days. nam es o f the com m ittee
(B) W ithin two days the librarian had members.
the books for the students. (B) H e is thankful to be appointed to
(C) T he librarian asked the students the com m ittee.
for the books. (C) H e is sure about the tim e o f the
(D) T he students put the books on appointm ent with the
hold for two days. com mittee.
(D) The woman will serve on the
com mittee.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE (S k ills 4 - 6 ) : In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o r t co n v e rsa tio n

a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , an d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u estio n .

N o w BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 4-6).

(A) In a departm ent store. 4. (A) A delivery man.

(B) In a stationery store. (B) A famous chef.
(C) At the post office. (C) A clerk in a fast-food restaurant.
(D) At the airport. (D) An airline steward.

2. (A) T he teacher gave the students a 5. (A) They n eed new print for the
hand. additional copies.
(B) T he term papers were turned in. (B) They can make extra copies if
(C) The students got the papers from necessary.
the office. (C) Printers are n eeded for the
(D) T he teacher handed the papers to additional copies.
the students. (D) Additional copies are needed
immediately.
3. (A) The attendant checked the oil in
Mark’s car. 6. (A) The professor bought two books.
(B) Mark checked to see if he had (B) The students had to purchase two
en ou gh oil in his car. books.
(C) Mark checked with the servicc (C) T he students sold two books to the
station attendant. professor.
(D) Mark wrote a check to pay for the (D) The students were required to read
oil. two books by the professor.
 LISTENING PARTA

7. (A) T he doctor returned to the office. 9. (A) Mary becam e the new class
(B) Jim asked the doctor to com e to president.
the office. (B) Sue took her place as class
(C) T he doctor will not return until president.
n ext week. (C) In place o f Mary, Sue becam e
(D) Jim was told to com e back. senior class president.
(D) T he senior class president replaced
8. (A) Go to work in the lab.
Sue and Mary.
(B) Sample the work from the lab.
(C) Have the sam ples delivered. 10. (A) The panel was analyzed on the
(D) Send a n ote to the lab. television program.
(B) A com m ittee evaluated recent
political events.
(C) T he program featured a
psychoanalyst.
(D) T he panel discussed the television
program.

T O E F L R EV IEW E X E R C ISE (S k ills 1 -6 ): In th is e x e r c ise , listen ca re fu lly to th e s h o r t

c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , an d th e n c h o o s e th e b e s t a n sw er to
th e q u e s tio n .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS 1-6).

1. (A) H e seem ed to be rather hungry. 6. (A) T he car stalled on the road.

(B) She was quite angry at him. (B) Som eo.ie took the car.
(C) H e was trying to hang the posters. (C) Rob sold his car.
(D) She believes he was mad. (D) Rob heard som eon e steal his car.
2. (A) T h e parents are g oin g to stay up 7. (A) Buying the bigger container.
late. (B) Putting the milk in the cart.
(B) T h e parents have given H annah (C) Taking a carton that is smaller.
her allowance. (D) G etting the milk tom orrow instead.
(C) Lately, the parents have not been
8. (A) T he receptionist w elcom ed the
so loud.
businesspeople.
(D) H annah does n ot have to go to bed
(B) T he man created a shipping and
early.
receiving business.
3. (A) At a departm ent store. (C) T he businesspeople were rather
(B) At a service station. greedy.
(C) At a collection agency. (D) T he businesspeople greeted the
(D) In a delivery room. receptionist.
4. (A) She just broke som e eggs. 9. (A) T h e police officer was stationed
(B) They n eed to eat fast. near the tourist.
(C) She is serious about the boat. (B) T he tourist was forced to
(D) H e has a ch oice to make. accom pany the p olice officer.
(C) T he tourist becam e m ad at the
5. (A) It was urgent that Ellen do her best.
police station.
(B) H e really urged Ellen to do more.
(D) T h e tourist stated that the p olice
(C) H e was encouraged by Ellen to try
officer never cam e.
harder.
(D) Ellen told him that she was trying 10. (A) H e hasn’t seen her ideas.
to do better. (B) It was a terrible deal.
(C) H e d oesn ’t like the idea.
(D) It sounds m agnificent to him.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

N EGATIVES

S k i l l 7: LISTEN FOR NEG ATIVE EXPRESSIONS

N e g a tiv e e x p r e s sio n s are very c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A, a n d th e m o st c o m m o n kin d

o f c o r r e c t r e s p o n s e to a n e g a tiv e sta te m e n t is a p o sitiv e sta te m e n t c o n ta in in g a w ord w ith
an o p p o s ite m e a n in g .

Exam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) How did they get to their grandmother's house in
Maine in only five hours?
(woman) They didn't drive slowly on the trip to Maine.
(narrator) What does the w om an say about the trip?

In your test book, you read:

(A) They drove rather quickly.
(B) They couldn’t have driven more slowly.
(C) They wanted to travel slowly to Maine.
(D) They didn’t drive to Maine.

T h e c o r r e c t an sw er is answ er (A ). I f th ey d id not d rive slowly to M ain e, th is m e a n s that th ey

d r o v e ra th er quickly. N o tic e th a t th e c o r r e c t an sw er u ses quickly, th e o p p o s ite o f slowly.
T h e answ ers th a t u se slowly are n o t co rr ec t.

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s th e types o f n e g a tiv e e x p r e ssio n s th a t y o u sh o u ld be

c a r e fu l of:

TYPES OF NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS

Expression Example Correct Answer

Regular negative: not or n't Tom is not sad about the results. not sod = happy

Other negatives: nobody, none, Nobody arrived on time. nobody . . . on time = late
nothing, never Sal never works hard. never works hard = lazy
■
Negative prefixes: un-, in-, dis­ The patient was insane. insane = not sane = crazy
' . .. - ■ ' ' - : . y

E X E R C ISE 7: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e n e g a tiv e in th e se c o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o rt

c o n v e r sa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e stio n an d c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th a t q u estio n .
R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st answ er is o n e th at u se s an o p p o s ite m e a n in g .

(m an) I can’t seem to get the door (A) The key in the drawer is on the right.
unlocked. (B) The man should write the message
(wom an) That isn't the right key fo r the on the door.
door. (C) The man has the wrong key.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (D) The right key isn’t in the drawer.
 LISTENING PARTA

2. (m an) Were you pleased with last (A) T he convention was disorganized.
week's convention ? (B) She d id n ’t plan to attend the
(woman) Nothing went as planned. convention.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (C) She planned the convention last
week.
(D) She wasn’t pleased with the last
w eek o f the convention.

(woman) Are you planning to go to college (A) H e definitely wants to g o to

next year? college.
(m an) I ’m really unsure about the idea. (B) H e is certain about his plans.
(narrator) What does the m an mean ? (C) H e ’s hesitant about attending
college.
(D) His idea is to go to college.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 7: In th is e x e r c is e , lis te n carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d

q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You
sh o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f n e g a tiv e e x p r e s sio n s.

o N ow BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 7.

(A) She is very busy. (A) The service satisfied her.

(B) She has lots o f free time. (B) T he food was worse than the
(C) It is not necessary to take ou t the service.
trash. (C) She thought the service was bad.
(D) She will do it if she has time. (D) N either the food nor the service
2. (A) T h e interview is very im portant. was satisfying.
(B) H e is w orried about the interview. (A) H e told his kids to leave.
(C) What h e ’s wearing to the interview (B) H e seriously wanted the woman to
is important. g°-
(D) H e is not concerned about the (C) He was joking when he told the
interview. wom an to leave.
(A) H e has alm ost all the notes. (D) He left with the woman.
(B) H is attendance was perfect. (A) The project will take all their effort.
(C) H e went to all the lectures but one. (B) They have n o other work to do.
(D) H e missed m ore than one (C) It’s im possible to finish.
psychology class. (D) They aren’t even close to finishing
4. (A) T hey passed the library at the project.
6 :00 . 9. (A) She d oesn ’t m ind an hou r m ore.
(B) T h e library opens at 6:00 in the (B) S h e’d rather stay m ore than an
summer. hour.
(C) T h e library closes at 6:00. (C) It’s better to stay than go.
(D) You can’t check out m ore than six (D) She prefers to leave.
books in the summer.
10. (A) T he service at the hotel wasn’t too
5. (A) Water the plants on ce a day. good.
(B) Give the plants no m ore water. (B) This hotel gav< excellen t service.
(C) Water the plants often while the (C) T he service at the h otel could have
m an is gone. b een improved.
(D) Give the plants a lim ited am ount o f (D) This h o tel’s service was the sam e as
water. the service at other hotels.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

S k i l l 8: LISTE N FOR DOUBLE N EG A TIVE EXPRESSIONS

It is p o s sib le fo r tw o n e g a tiv e id e a s to a p p ea r in o n e s e n te n c e , an d th e r esu lt can b e q u ite

c o n fu s in g .

E x am p le

On the recording, you hear:

(man) I c a n ’t believe the news that I heard about the concert.

(woman) Well, it isn't impossible for the concert to take place.
(narrator) What does the wom an say about the concert?

In your test book, you read:

(A) There’s no possibility that the concert will take place.

(B) The concert will definitely not take place.
(C) The concert might take place.
(D) The concert can't take place.

T h e c o r r e c t an sw er to th is q u e s tio n is answ er (C ). I f it i s n ’t impossible fo r th e c o n c e r t to

take p la c e , th e n it is possible, a n d th e m o d a l m ight in d ic a te s possibility.

T h e fo llo w in g ch art o u tlin e s th e situ a tio n s w h e r e d o u b le n eg a tiv es c a n occu r:

DOUBLE NEGATIVES

Situation Example Meaning

negative word (e.g., not, no, none) and He didn’t like the unclean did not like unclean office
a negative prefix (e.g., in-, un-, dis-) office. = liked clean office

two negative verbs It isn't snowing, so they aren't implies that they would go
going to the mountains. if it were snowing

neither or not... either Sue didn’t like the movie, and both did not like the movie
neither did Mark.

E X E R C IS E 8: In this e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e tw o n e g a tiv es in th e se c o n d lin e o f each

sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b est answ er to that q u estio n .
R e m e m b e r th a t tw o n e g a tiv e s m ak e th e s e n te n c e p o sitiv e.

(m an) Paula, you worked so hard (A) She hopes everyone will be
setting up the field trip. pleased.
(woman) I hope no one’s unhappy with (B) She knows no on e is happy with
the arrangements. what she has done.
(narrator) What does Paula mean ? (C) Sh e’s arranged to take a trip
because she’s unhappy.
(D) Everyone’s happy with the
condition o f the field.
 LISTENING PARTA

2. (wom an) How was your history exam? (A) H e studied a lot and passed.
(m an) I d id n ’t study enough, so I (B) H e failed in spite o f his effort.
didn ’t do well. (C) H e got a g ood grade even though
(narrator) What does the man mean? he d id n ’t study.
(D) His grade was poor because o f
inadequate preparation.

3. (m an) Were your friends able to gel (A) A lthough Mark c o u ld n ’t get both
tickets fo r the concert ? tickets, Paul did.
(wom an) Mark couldn't gel tickets fo r the (B) Both were unable to obtain tickets.
concert, and neither could Paul. (C) N either Mark nor Paul wanted to
(narrator) What does the woman mean? go to the concert.
(D) Mark tried to get tickets, but Paul
didn’t.

T O E F L E X E R C IS E 8: In th is e x e r c ise , lis te n carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n a n d q u e s­

tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You
s h o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f d o u b le n e g a tiv es.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 8.

n
1. (A) H e ’ll definitely be elected. 6. (A) Steve wanted to finish his paper,
(B) T he election is now com plete. and so did Paul.
(C) She has high hop es for his chances. (B) Both Steve’s and Paul’s papers were
(D) It may happen. incom plete.
2. (A) Both parts o f his game were bad. (C) Steve and Paul were busy doin g
(B) H e served better than he volleyed. their term papers.
(C) Som e parts o f his gam e were better (D) W hen Steve wasn’t able to finish his
than others. paper, Paul c o u ld n ’t help.
(D) He played rather well. 7. (A) It wasn’t G eorge’s responsibility to
3. (A) It is a surprise that he was pay the bill.
prepared. (B) Bill was irresponsible about paying
(B) H e was not ready, as usual. G eorge’s rent.
(C) H e prepared a really big surprise. (C) G eorge acted carelessly by not
(D) His strong preparation cam e as no taking care o f the bill.
surprise. (D) George took responsibility for the
unpaid bill.
4. (A) She felt good enough to go out.
(B) She w ent out to get som e m edicine. 8. (A) It’s fortunate that he was accepted.
(C) She felt like dancing, so she went (B) It’s good that he wasn’t adm itted.
out with everyone. (C) Fortunately, the university d id n ’t
(D) admit him.
She stayed hom e because she was
sick. (D) It’s too bad he was rejected.

5. (A) She has problem s that others aren’t

aware of.
(B) O thers aren’t aware o f her
problem s.
(C) She knows sh e’s b een a problem .
(D) She d o e sn ’t have a care in the
world.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

9. (A) T h e first essay was better than the 10. (A) Roger has been bothered.
second. (B) Roger wasn’t the least bit
(B) T h e first and second drafts disturbed.
co u ld n ’t b e better. (C) T he problem s have had little i
(C) T h e second draft o f the essay was on Roger.
m uch better than the first. (D) Roger hasn’t b een disturbed.
(D) Both versions were poorly written.

S k i l l 9: E XPRESSIONS
LISTE N FOR “A L M O S T N E G A TIV E ” 1

C e rta in e x p r e s sio n s in E n g lish have “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” m e a n in g s. T h e s e e x p r e s sio n s are

c o m m o n o n th e T O E F L te st a n d n e e d to b e r ev iew ed .

Exam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(woman) Were you able to pay the electric bill?
(man) I had barely enough money.
(narrator) What does the m an imply?

In your test book, you read:

(A) He had plenty of money for the bill.
(B) He did not have enough money for the bill.
(C) He paid the bill but has no money left.
(D) He was unable to pay the bill.

In th e m a n ’s sta te m e n t, th e w ord enough in d ic a te s th a t th e r e was enough, so h e d id pay

the bill. H ow ever, it was barely e n o u g h , so h e a lm o st d id n o t have e n o u g h a n d certain ly
has no money left. T h e c o r r e c t answ er is th e r e fo r e a n sw er (C ) .

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s c o m m o n “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” ex p r essio n s:

COMMON "ALMOST NEGATIVE” EXPRESSIONS

Meaning Expression Example

almost none hardly, barely, scarcely, only There is hardly any food in the refrigerator.

almost never rarely, seldom He rarely drives to work.

■

E X E R C ISE 9: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e “a lm o st n e g a tiv e ” e x p r e ssio n in th e se c o n d

lin e o f e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st answer. R e­
m e m b e r th a t th e b e s t answ er is o n e th a t m e a n s th a t it is true b u t it is almost not tru e.

(m an) I hear that M ona’s been offered (A) M ona hasn’t worked hard.
the manager’s job. (B) M ona’s experience has been hard.
(woman) B ut she has hardly any ivork (C) M ona’s job as manager is hard.
experience! (D) M ona hasn’t worked for very long.
(narrator) What does the woman say about
M ona?
 LISTENING PARTA

2. (w o m a n ) How much time did Sam spend (A) Sam usually spends this m uch tim e
on his paper for economics on his schoolwork.
class? (B) Sam has rarely worked so hard.
(m a n ) Sam has seldom taken so much (C) Sam took too m uch tim e on this
time on a research paper. paper.
(n a rra to r) What does the m an mean ? (D) Sam sh ould’ve worked harder o n
this paper.

3. (woman) Does Steve usually park his car (A) H e parks his car there o n ce in a
there? while.
(man) Only once has he parked his car (B) H e’s parked his car there a lot.
in that lot. (C) H e only leaves his car there for
(narrator) What does the m an mean ? short periods o f time.
(D) H e left his car there on ju st one

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 9: In th is e x e r c is e , lis te n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d q u e s­

tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d t h e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . Y ou
sh o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f “a lm o st n eg a tiv e" e x p r e ssio n s.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 9.

1. (A) T h ere’s litde rain in July. 5. (A) Betty o ften tr.kes vacations in
(B) In July it never rains. winter.
(C) It rains hard in July. <B) Betty prefers to take vacations in
(D) W hen it rains in July, it rains hard. winter.
(C) Occasionally Betty works o n e w eek
2. (A) T h e university accepted three
during vacation.
students.
(D) A w inter vacation is unusual for
(B) N on e o f the students is goin g to
Betty.
the university.
(C) John was n ot accepted. 6. (A) H e rarely spends time o n his
(D ) Two were n ot adm itted. courses.
(B) H e’s an excellen t student.
3. (A) A lthough he did pass, Mark’s exam
(C) H e never studies.
grade wasn’t too good .
(D) His books are always open.
(B) Mark failed his history exam.
(C) T he highest grade on the history 7- (A) H e finished the exam in plenty o f
exam w ent to Mark. time.
(D) Professor Franks d id n't pass Mark (B) H e was scared h e w ou ld n’t finish.
on the history exam. (C) H ç used every possible m inute to
finish.
4. (A) H e often has lon g waits in Dr.
(D) H e was unable to com plete the
Roberts’ office.
exam .
(B ) He must wait p auendy for Robert.
(C) Dr. Roberts is generally punctual. 8. (A) This was a very long staff m eeting.
(D) He d o e sn ’t m ind waiting for Dr. (B) This was the only staff m eeting in a
Roberts. long time.
(C) T he m eeting lasted only until o n e
o'clock.
(D) T he o n e staff m eeting s h o u ld ’ve
lasted longer.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

9. (A) M eat tastes delicious to him when 10. (A) H e broke his arm trying to move it.
it’s cooked rare. (B) He only hurt the broken arm.
(B) H e isn’t sure if the m eal is (C) H e only tries to move the broken
delicious. arm.
(C) This m eat is the best h e ’s tasted in (D) T here’s no pain if he rests quietly.
a long lime.
(D) H e ’d like to eat som e m eat from
this delicatessen.

S k ill 10: LISTEN FOR NEG ATIVES W IT H COMPARATIVES

N e g a tiv e s ca n b e u s e d w ith c o m p a r a tiv e s in L iste n in g Part A o f th e T O E F L test. A s e n ­

te n c e w ith a n e g a tiv e a n d a co m p a r a tiv e has a su p e rla tiv e, o r v ery stro n g , m e a n in g .

Exam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(woman) W hat do you think o f the new student in math class?
(man) No one is more intelligent than she is.
(narrator) What does the m an say about the new student?

In your test book, you read:

(A) She is not very smart.
(B) He is smarter than she is.
(C) Other students are smarter than she is.
(D) She is the smartest student in the class.

T h e m an r e s p o n d s to th e w o m a n ’s q u e s tio n w ith th e n e g a tiv e no a n d th e c om p arative

more intelligent, a n d th is c o m b in a tio n h a s a su p e rla tiv e m e a n in g . T h e b e st answ er is th e r e ­
fo r e answ er (D ).

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s c o m p a r is o n s th a t y o u sh o u ld b e c a refu l o f w h e n th ey are

u s e d w ith n egatives:

- , V COMPARATIVES WITH NEGATIVES

Comparative Example ;,• SF^.' Meaning

more No one Is more beautiful than she is. She is the most beautiful.
• ..... •" • / . V ;; " '
He couldn’t be happier. He is extremely happy.
■
 LISTENING PARTA

EX E R C ISE 10: In this e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e n e g a tiv e a n d th e co m p a r a tiv e in th e s e c ­

o n d lin e o f e a c h sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t an sw er
to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e s t an sw er is o n e th at e x p r e s se s a su p e rla tiv e, o r
very str o n g , id e a .

1. (woman) Have you gotten over your cold (A) H e’s feelin g terrific.
yet? (B) He felt a lot worse today.
(man) I couldn't befeeling any better (C) H e's not feelin g to o well today.
today. (D) H e ’s a bit better today.
(narrator) What does the man mean ?

2. (woman) . What did you think o f Mike (A) Mike was extrem ely friendly when
when you first met him ? he m et him.
(man) He couldn’t have been more (B) Mike could have m et him sooner.
unfriendly. (C) Mike d id n ’t seem to like him at all.
(narrator) What does the man mean ? (D) W hen he m et Mike, he did n't have
a friend.

( man) Did you see Theresa's grade on (A) Theresa could’ve gotten a higher
the math exam ? It was grade.
unbelievable! (B) Anyone could get a good grade.
(woman) No one else could have done (C) Theresa got the high est grade.
better. (D) A high grade is im possible for
(narrator) What does the woman mean? anyone.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 10: In th is e x e r c ise , liste n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d

q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p ro g ra m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You
sh o u ld b e p articu larly c a refu l o f c o m p a r a tiv e s w ith n eg a tiv es.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 10.

(A) She’s n ot very happy. 5. (A) T he patient absolutely d id n ’t need

(B) She d id n ’t do very well on the the surgery.
exam. (B) T he necessity for the surgery was
(C) She could be som ewhat happier. unquestionable.
(D) She’s delighted with the results. (C) T he surgeon felt that the operation
was necessary.
(A) Paula is always lazy.
(D) It was essential that the surgery be
(B) Paula did n’t work very hard this
perform ed immediately.
semester.
(C) Paula m ade a strong effort. 6. (A) They were not very lucky.
(D) Paula could have worked harder. (B) N o on e was hurt.
(C) The accident was unfortunate.
(A) T he prices were great!
(D) She w anted to have better luck.
(B) T he prices were too high.
(C) She d id n ’t buy m uch because o f 7. (A) N othing was very difficult.
the prices. (B) T he exam wasn’t at all easy.
(D) T he prices could have b een lower. (C) T he exam co u ld n ’t have been
easier.
(A) She is not very sm art (D) T h e exam had noth in g difficult on it.
(B) She always tells him everything.
(C) He d o e sn ’t know her very well.
(£>) She’s extrem ely intelligent.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

8. (A) She wants that jo b very m uch. 10. (A) This math project was extrem ely
(B) N o o n e is goin g to get the job . com plex.
(C) Everybody else wants that jo b as (B) This math project was less
m uch as she does. com plicated than the last
(D) She is n ot sure about taking the (C) They seldom com plete their math
job . projects.
(D) Com plicated m ath projects are
9. (A) She was second in the race.
often assigned.
(B) She was alm ost the slowest person
in the race.
(C) She w on the race.
(D) She was n ot faster than anyone
else.

T O E F L EX ER C ISE (Sk ills 7 - 1 0 ) : In this e x e r c ise , liste n carefu lly to th e sh o rt c on versation

a n d q u e stio n in th e r ec o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u estio n .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM A T T O ER EXERCISE (S k IILS 7-10).

1. (A) She can try a litde harder. 5. (A) She handed the paper in on time.
(B) T here is a lot m ore that she can do. (B) She was able to com plete the
(C) S h e’s d oin g the best that she can. paper, but she d id n ’t turn it in.
(D) It is im possible for her to do (C) T he paper was a com plete mess, so
anything. she didn’t turn it in.
(D) T he paper was unfinished.
2. (A) S h e’s always been late for the bus.
(B) T h e bus has always b een late. 6. (A) N either Tim nor Sylvia is taking
(C) T h e bus only left on time once. care o f Art.
(D) Only on this trip has the bus been (B) Sylvia likes m odern art even less
on time. than Tim does.
(C) Sylvia d oesn ’t care for anything
3. (A) T here wasn’t enough soup to go
Tim does.
around.
(D) Sylvia and Tim agree in their
(B) We had so m uch soup that we
opin ion o f m odern art.
co u ld n ’t finish it.
(C) Everyone g ot one serving o f soup, 7. (A) They always work hard in the
but there wasn't enough for afternoon.
seconds. (B) They d o n ’t d o m uch after lunch.
(D) Everyone around the table had a (C) After noon they never work.
lot o f soup. (D) It’s never hard for them to work in
the afternoon.
4. (A) She does want to see the movie.
(B) It’s extrem ely im portant to her to 8. (A) It's hard for him to work when it
g°- gets warm.
(C) She d oesn ’t want to go there (B) W henever it gets warm, he turns on
anymore. the air conditioner.
(D) She really cou ld n ’t m ove there. (C) T he air conditioner only works
when it isn’t n eeded.
(D) H e likes to use the air conditioner
when it is warm.
 LISTENING PARTA

9. (A) H e did really poorly. 10. (A) With so many m em bers present,
(B) H e ’s felt worse before. the com m ittee co u ld n ’t reach a
(C) The results could not have b een decision.
better. (B) The com m ittee sh ould’ve waited
(D) H e ’s not too unhappy with the until more m em bers were
results. present.
(C) The issue sh ou ld n ’t have been
decid ed by all the com m itted
members.
(D) The issue wasn’t d ecid ed because
so many m em bers were absent.

TO EFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1 -1 0 ): In this exercise, listen carefully to the sh ort conver­
sation and q u estion in th e record in g program , an d then c h o o se th e best answer to th e q u estion .

C ) N ow BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (SKILLS I —10).

1. (A In a doctor’s office. 7. (A) The waitress was sitting in the back

(B At a bar. o f the restaurant.
(C In a travel agency. (B) They were waiting for a seat in the
(D In a business office. restaurant.
(C) The custom ers had a table in the
2. (A She bou ght som e sheets.
back.
(B She g o t a new piece o f clothing.
(D) The waitress sat down b ehin d the
(C She c o u ld n ’t find anything because
table.
sh e’s too short.
(D She was sure to greet her boss. 8. (A) It’s hard for the market to sell its
fruit.
3. (A The hotel was all right, excep t for
(B) All o f the fresh fruit at the market
the poor view.
is hard.
(B T he view from the hotel room was
(C) She hardly ever g oes to the m arket
spectacular.
to buy fresh fruit.
(C She would have preferred a better
(D) There was a scarcity o f fresh fruit at
hotel.
the market.
(D O nly a few hotels would have been
better. 9. (A) The man sh ould never be late for
school.
4. (A Take a nap.
(B) The man can always return to
(B Try the rest o f the work.
school.
(C See a doctor.
(C) The man should never go back to
(D Have a bite to eat.
school.
5. (A She’s an exacting person. (D) If the m an’s late to school, he
(B She can’t be expected to give you should go through the back
four o f them. door.
(C She generally forgives others.
10. (A) She can’t bear to try.
(D She isn ’t exact about what she gives
(B) She is a daring person.
to others.
(C) She d o esn ’t want the man even to
6. (A She's unable to take her vacation try.
this year. (D) She is challenging the m an to make
(B H er vacation next w eek has b een the effort.
postponed.
(C She’ll go on vacation next week.
(D She'll return from vacation in a
week.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

F U N C T IO N S _______________________________________________

S k ill I I : LISTEN FOR EXPRESSIONS OF A G REEM ENT

E x p r e ssio n s o f a g r e e m e n t are c o m m o n in L iste n in g Part A , so y o u s h o u ld b e c o m e fam il­

iar w ith th e m . T h e fo llo w in g e x a m p le sh ow s a g r e e m e n t w ith a p o sitive sta te m en t.

E xam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) I think that the hypothesis is indefensible.
(woman) So do I.
(narrator) What does the w om an mean?

In your test book, you read:

(A) She is unsure about the hypothesis.
(B) The hippopotamus is behind the fence.
(C) She thinks that the hypothesis can be defended.
(D) She agrees with the man.

' T h e e x p r e ssio n so do 1 is an e x p r e ssio n th a t sh ow s a g r e e m e n t w ith a p o sitiv e sta te m en t, so

th e w o m a n m e a n s th at sh e agrees w ith th e m a n . T h e b e st answ er is th e r e fo r e answ er (D ).
O th e r e x p r e ssio n s are u se d to sh ow a g r e e m e n t w ith n e g a tiv e sta te m en ts.

E xam ple

On the recording, you hear

(woman) I d o n ’t think that our history teacher is very interesting.
(man) Neither do I.
(narrator) What does the m an mean?

In your test book, you read:

(A) He disagrees with the woman.
(B) He thinks the history teacher is interesting.
(C) He shares the woman's opinion.
(D) He doesn’t think the w om an’s idea is good.

T h e e x p r e s sio n neither do I is an e x p r e s sio n th a t sh ow s a g r e e m e n t w ith a n e g a tiv e state­

m e n t, so th e m an agrees w ith th e w o m a n . T h e b e s t answ er is th e r e fo r e an sw er (C ).

T h e fo llo w in g ch art lists c o m m o n e x p r e s s io n s th at sh o w a g r e e m e n t. You sh o u ld b e ­

c o m e fam iliar w ith th e se ex p ressio n s:
 LISTENING PARTA

EXPRESSIONS OF AGREEMENT
'
Agreement with Positive Statements Agreement with Negative Statements

So do/. Neither do 1.
Me. too. 1don't either.
I'll say! - v y .-;.- ,1:.--;- . ■V " a ••
Isn't id -:;y
You can say that again! ■ . ■

E X ER C ISE 11: In this e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e e x p r e s sio n o f a g r e e m e n t in e a c h sh o r t

c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n .
R e m em b er th at th e b e st an sw er is o n e th a t sh ow s a g r e e m e n t.

(woman) These paintings are really (A) T hese paintings aren’t very
fascinating! interesting.
(man) Aren '1 they! (B) H e isn’t fascinated by these
(narrator) What does the man mean ? paintings.
(C) H e isn’t sure how he feels.
(D) H e finds these paintings quite
interesting.

(woman) I don't really carefo r the way the (A) H e thinks the building was n ot
building was renovated. renovated.
(man) I don '1 either. (B) H e has the same op in ion o f the
(narrator) What does the man mean ? building as the woman.
(C) H e d o e sn ’t care about the
renovation o f the building.
(D) H e suggests being careful in the
renovated building.

(man) I think that both candidates for (A) She agrees with the man.
county supervisor are (B) She thinks h e should b ecom e
unqualified. county supervisor.
(woman) Me, too. (C) She thinks the candidates are
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? qualified.
(D) She has no op in ion about the
candidates for county supervisor.

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 11: In th is e x e r c ise , listen c a re fu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n a n d

q u e stio n in th e r e c o r d in g p r o g r a m , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e s t an sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You
sh o u ld pay a tte n tio n to e x p r e s sio n s o f a g r e e m e n t.

n N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE I I.

(A) T he trip would cost too m uch. 2. (A) H e w ould like to see the elections
(B) She d o esn ’t think that a trip would for town council.
be a good idea. (B) H e agrees that Matt sh ould be
(C) She would like to take two trips elected.
rather than one. (C) H e thinks the election s sh ould take
(D) She would also like to take a trip. place next m onth.
(D) H e disagrees with the wom an.
 USTENING COMPREHENSION

3. (A) She is not sure which course she 7. (A) H e thinks the p am es aren’t ¡oud.
should take. (B) H e says that the neighbors d o n ’t
(B) Sh e’s not sure if she should take a have many parties.
trip to France. (C) H e agrees that the upstairs
(C) She knows that she is not ready for neighbors are noisy.
interm ediate French. (D) T he loud parties d o n ’t bother him.
(D) She wants to take neither
8. (A) She doesn’t like this m eal too much.
beginn in g nor interm ediate
(B) This food tastes wonderful to her.
French.
(C) She’s not sure if she likes it.
4. (A) T he man should repeat what he (D) She can’t stand this meal.
said.
9. (A) She agrees that gettin g the car was
(B) The man said som ething foolish.
not a good idea.
(C) She thinks that the food is the best
(B) She im agines that she would like to
she has ever tasted.
have a similar car.
(D) She agrees that the food is pretty
(C) She thinks that the man is mistaken
bad.
about the car.
5. (A) This party hasn’t b een any fun at all. (D) She thinks the man has no
(B) H e wonders if the woman enjoyed im agination.
herself.
10. (A) H e would like the woman to repeat
(C) H e wants to know what she said.
what she said.
(D) H e ’s enjoyed him self
(B) He thinks that on e sem ester is
tremendously.
enough time for the course.
6. (A) She condon es what happened. (C) He also thinks that the course
(B) She does not like what the m an said. should be extended.
(C) She agrees with the man about (D) H e would like to take the course
what happened. two semesters from now.
(D) She says that she did not d o it.

S k i l l 12: LISTEN FOR EXPRESSIONS OF U N C E R T A IN TY

A N D S U G G E S TIO N

E x p r e ssio n s o f u n c e r ta in ty an d s u g g e s tio n are c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A , so y o u sh o u ld

b e c o m e fam iliar w ith th e m . T h e fo llo w in g e x a m p le sh ow s an e x p r e s sio n o f un certain ty.

E xam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) Do you know anything about the final exam in
Physics?
(woman) It's going to be rather difficult, isn't it?
(narrator) W hat does the woman mean?

In your test book, you read:

(A) The exam is not going to be too difficult.
(B) She’s positive that it’s going to be hard.
(C) She thinks that it might be hard.
(D) She has no idea about the exam.
 LISTENING PARTA

T h e tag q u e s tio n is n 't it c h a n g e s a d e fin ite s ta te m e n t in to a s ta te m e n t th a t sh o w s u n c e r ­

tainty, so th e b e st an sw er is o n e th a t e x p r e s se s un certain ty. T h e b e st an sw er to th is q u e s ­
tio n is an sw er (C ) b e c a u se th e w o rd s th in k s a n d m ight e x p r ess un certain ty.
O th e r e x p r e s sio n s th at are c o m m o n in L iste n in g Part A are e x p r e s sio n s o f s u g g e s tio n .

E xam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(man) I'll never have time to type m y paper tomorrow.

(woman) Why not do it now?
(narrator) W hat does the wom an suggest?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Finishing the paper today.

(B) Not working on the paper now.
(C) Never typing the paper.
(D) Taking time out from the paper now.

In this e x a m p le , th e e x p r e s sio n why not is an e x p r e s sio n o f s u g g e s tio n , so th e w o m a n su g ­

g e sts doin g it now. In th is s u g g e s tio n , th e w o m a n is r e fe r r in g to th e p a p e r th a t th e m an
n e e d s to type, so th e b e st an sw er is an sw er (A ).

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t lists c o m m o n e x p r e s sio n s th a t sh o w u n ce r ta in ty a n d su g g estio n :-

EXPRESSIONS OF UNCERTAINTY AND SUGGESTION

Uncertainty c .
Suggestion

...isn 't it ( tag)? Why not. ..?

As far as 1know. Let's
• .
As far as 1can tell.
■

EX E R C ISE 12: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e e x p r e s sio n o f u n ce r ta in ty o r s u g g e s tio n in

e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n . T h e n r ea d th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e s t a n sw er to th a t q u e s­
tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st a n sw er is o n e th at sh ow s u n ce r ta in ty o r s u g g e s tio n .

(man) Do you know what time they 're (A) She's not com pletely sure w hen
leavingfor the city? they are leaving.
(woman) They have to leave at fo u r (B) They are returning from the city at
o ’clock, don't they ? about 4:00.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (C) She knows when they are leaving.
(D) She d oesn ’t have any idea w hen
they are leaving.

(woman) I ’m so thirsty from all this (A) They should stop drinking.
walking. (B) They should go for a walk.
(man) Let's stop and get a drink. (C) They should walk thirty m iles.
(narrator) What does the man suggest ? (D) They should take a break a nd have
a drink.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3. (m an) Is the exam still scheduled for (A) The exam is far away.
3:00 on Thursday ? (B) She knows that the exam schedule
(wom an) As fa r as I know. has b een changed.
(narrator) What does the woman mean f (C) She is sure that the exam is set for
Thursday.
(D) She thinks she knows w hen the
test is.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 12: In th is e x e r c ise , liste n ca refu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n a n d

q u e s tio n ir. th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You
s h o u ld b e p articu larly carefu l o f e x p r e ssio n s o f u n ce r ta in ty a n d su g g e stio n .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE I 2.

n
1. (A) H e ’s sure about which chapters 5. (A) She’s told Matt h e ’ll go far.
they are to read. (B) Matt has far from enough talent.
(B) H e thinks he knows what the (C) She told Matt to roll farther.
assignm ent is. (D) She believes Matt has the ability for
(C) He has to tell her how far she the part.
should go.
6. (A) They should go to the hospital.
(D) T he professor told them to read
(B) Mary should visit the man.
the chapters after the exam.
(C) T he woman should try n ot to break
2. (A) The man should take the pie out. her leg.
(B) The man should try som ething (D) They should go on a trip with Mary.
else. (A) She knows where the children are.
(C) The man sh ouldn’t try cherry pie.
(B) The children have finished playing
(D) T he man should feel sorry.
ball.
3. (A) H e knows the movie starts at 8:00. (C) She’s going to the park to find the
(B) H e is n ot quite sure when the children.
m ovie begins. (D) She believes that the children are
(C) H e thinks the start o f the movie has in the park.
been changed. (A) The man should try to borrow
8.
(D) H e will start the movie him self at
som e from a neighbor.
8 : 00 .
(B) The man should take a check to
4. (A) N ot d oin g the dishes now. Tom.
(B) Leaving the house with the, dishes. (C) T he man should work on his math
(C) Leaving later so that they can do assignm ent with Tom.
the dishes now. (D) The man should check behind the
(D) Washing the dishes before they door.
leave.
 LISTENING PARTA

9. (A) H e thinks the bill is due in the 10. (A) They should p ostp on e their
m iddle o f the m onth. decision until m orning.
(B) T he bill is approxim ately fifteen (B) They should g o to sleep in the new
dollars. house.
(C) H e knows w hen they should pay (C) They should n o t buy such a big
the bill. house.
(D) T he bill is goin g to be fifteen days (D) They should d ecid e w here to go to
late. sleep.

S k i l l 13: LISTEN FOR E M P H A TIC EXPRESSIONS OF SURPRISE

E m p h a tic e x p r e s sio n s o f su rp rise are c o m m o n in L iste n in g P art A , so y o u s h o u ld b e c o m e

fam iliar w ith th e m . W h e n su rp rise is e x p r e s se d , it im p lie s th a t th e sp e a k e r d id n o t e x p e c t
s o m e th in g to b e tru e.

E xam ple

On the recording, you hear:

(woman) Did you see Paul driving around in his M ustang?
(man) Then, he DID get a new car.
(narrator) What had the m an thought?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Paul would definitely get a Mustang.
(B) Paul did not know how to drive.
(C) Paul did not like Mustangs.
(D) Paul would not get a new car.

In th is co n v e rsa tio n th e e m p h a tic fo r m he d id get is u se d to sh o w th e m a n ’s su rp rise th a t

P au l g o t a n ew car. It m e a n s th a t th e m an e x p e c te d th a t P aul w ould not get a n e w car, so th e
b e st answ er is an sw er ( D ) .

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s v a rio u s w ays to e x p r e ss e m p h a tic su rp rise:

... v7-V-' .;- EXPRESSIONS OF EMPHATIC SURPRISE

Verb Emphatic Form Example Meaning

be be, with emphasis Then, he is here! 1 thought he was not here.

modal modal, with emphasis Then, you can go! 1thought you could not go.
present tense do(es), with emphasis Then, you do play tennis! 1thought you did not play
- ' ... T y - > ;' tennis.
past tense did, with emphasis Then, she did read it. 1 thought she had not read it.
perfect tense have, with emphasis Then, he has gone there. 1thought he had not gone there.
...........
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

E X E R C ISE 13: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e e x p r e s sio n o f e m p h a tic su rp rise in e a c h

sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n . T h e n read th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th a t q u e stio n .
R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st answ er is o n e th a t sh ow s su rp rise.

(man) I ju st got 600 on the TOEFL (A) The man had n ot passed.
test! (B) T he man would pass easily.
(wom an) Then you did pass. (C) The man had already passed.
(narrator) What had the woman assumed? (D) The man got the score he was
expected to get.

2. (wom an) Would you like to go skiing this (A) The woman was a good skier.
weekend ? (B) T he woman was going skiing this
(man) So you can ski! weekend.
(narrator) What had the man assumed? (C) The woman did n ot know how to
ski.
(D) T he woman did n ot intend to go
skiing.

(man) I ju st got this letter from my (A) The m an’s sister never wrote to
sister. him.
(wom an) So the mail has come already. (B) T he mail had not yet arrived.
(narrator) What had the woman assumed? (C) The mail always cam e early.
(D) The mail had already arrived.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 13: In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n a n d

q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , an d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You
sh o u ld b e p articu larly carefu l o f e x p r e s sio n s o f e m p h a tic su rp rise.

o N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE I 3.

(A) Greg always com es to parties. 4. (A) The woman had run more than
(B) Greg would com e to the party later. three miles.
(C) Greg was unable to attend the (B) T he woman always got lots o f
party. exercise.
(D) Greg would stay at the party for (C) The woman ran for three hours in
only a m om ent. the morning.
(D) The woman had not gotten much
(A) T he woman always rode her
exercise.
motorcycle to school.
(B) The woman was not com ing to 5. (A) H e had been som ewhere else.
school today. (B) He had been in the library.
(C) T he woman was an expert (C) H e had been working on his
m otorcycle rider. research project.
(D) T he w oman did not know how to (D) H e would start working on his
ride a motorcycle. project in five hours.

(A) T he man was n ot a very good cook. 6. (A) He had changed apartments.
(B) The man never invited friends over (B) He did not like his new apartment.
for dinner. (C) H e was still in his old apartment.
(C) T he man would never invite him (D) H e had moved from a house to an
over for dinner. apartm ent
(D) T he man was an excellen t cook.
 LISTENING PARTA

(A) T he wom an did not like desserts. 9. (A) She had registered in physics.
(B) T he woman ate sweets regularly. (B) She would go to physics class later.
(C) T he w om an would n ot share her (C) She had already taken a physics
chocolate cake. class.
(D) The woman had eaten his p iece o f (D) She had not enrolled in physics.
cake.
10. (A) T he pipes were n ot clear.
(A) T he man was goin g to study hard. (B) The plum ber w ould be late.
(B) T h e man already had a driver’s (C) T he plum ber had already cleared
license. the pipes.
(C) T he man would n ot take the test. (D) T he pipes did n o t n eed to be
(D) The man had already taken the test cleared.

T O E F L EXERCISE (Sk ills 1 1 -1 3 ): In th is ex er cise , listen carefully to th e sh o rt co n v e rsa tio n

a n d q u estio n in th e r ec o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b est answ er to th e q u estio n .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS I 1-13).

n
(A) She plans to talk a lot this m onth. 6. (A) He would be glad to say it over again.
(B) She has a lo t to say about the (B) H e would like the woman to repeat
p h on e bill. what she said.
(C) T he bill is high because she has a (C) H e says that h e w ould like to take
lot to say. the class again.
(D) She agrees with the m an. (D) H e ’s happy the class is over, too.
(A) Bill had never really b een sick. 7. (A) H e finifned all the problem s.
(B) Bill was too sick to com e to class. (B) H e d o esn ’t believe what the wom an
(C) Bill was sick o f calculus class. said.
(D) Bill had forgotten about the (C) H e was able to finish som e o f the
calculus class that m orning. problem s.
3. Both he and the w oman were
(A) T he man sh ould go o u t tonight.
unsuccessful o n the math
(B) T he man sh ould stay h om e and
problem s.
relax.
(C) T h e man should work on the paper 8. (A) T he man had m ailed the package.
tonight. (B) T he man had forgotten to go to the
(D) T h e man should go ou t M onday post office.
instead. (C) T he m an had given the package to
4. (A) T he cafeteria was op en in the the wom an to mail.
m o r n in g . '
T he m an rem em bered the package
(B) T h e cafeteria did not serve after he went to the p ost office.
breakfast. 9. (A) They should take both cars.
(C) T h e breakfast in the cafeteria was (B) T he woman sh ould try n o t to be
n ot very tasty. afraid.
(D) T he woman never ate breakfast in (C) The woman should buy a bigger car.
the cafeteria. (D) They should go together in his car.

5. (A) H e believes that it is acceptable to 10. (A) H e wants to know if the m uffins
park there. taste good.
(B) T h e parking lot is too far from (B) H e thinks the m uffins were
their destination. recently prepared.
(C) H e knows that they w on ’t g et a (C) T he m uffins are not really fresh.
ticket. (D) H e’s sure that the m uffins were ju st
(D) H e knows w here the parking lo t is. m ade.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

T O E F L REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-13): In this exercise, listen carefully to the short conver­
sation an d q u estion in the record in g program , a n d th e n c h o o se the b est answer to the question.

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL R e v ie w E x e r c is e (S k ills I -

1. (A) Write a message to the man. 7. (A) H e couldn't find Paula’s ph one
(B) Make som e p h one calls. number, so he d id n ’t call her.
(C) R espond to the m an’s questions. (B) H e couldn’t give Paula the list
(D) Get a new phone installed. over the phone.
(C) W hen he went to call Paula, he
2. (A) S he’s not sure if sh e’s free.
cou ld n ’t find the list.
(B) S h e’s marked it on her calendar.
(D) H e co u ld n ’t recollect the number
(C) She’ll write a check for the
that was on the list.
calendar.
(D) H er calendar says she has to have a 8. (A) She co u ld n ’t take her luggage to
m eeting at 3:00. the store.
(B) She stored her luggage at the train
3. (A) H e barely rode the bicycle.
station.
(B) H e d id n ’t have enough money.
(C) She carried her luggage from the
(C) The bicycle did n’t need to be paid
train station to the store.
for.
(D) There were no lockers for her bags.
(D) H e paid for the bicycle.
9. (A) T he woman had taken a different
4. (A) She fixed the television.
major.
(B) Bob m ade the television work.
(B) T he woman had chosen psychology
(C) The woman looked at Bob on
as a major.
television.
(C) T he woman was uninform ed.
(D) Bob works for the woman.
(D) The woman n eeded to see a
5. (A) H e helped her say what she psychiatrist
co u ld n ’t say.
10. (A) She would like the man to repeat
(B) She was unable to say anything
what he said.
about him.
(B) She thinks the exam could have
(C) He hasn't helped her very much.
been a litde m ore difficult.
(D) What he said was very helpful.
(C) She shares the same opinion o f the
6. (A) The man should spend more time exam as the man.
on registration. (D) She believes that the exam was easy.
(B) The man should walk m ore quickly
through registration.
(C) The m an should send in his
registration materials.
(D) The man should try to avoid
registering next semester.

C O N TR A R Y M E A N IN G S _____

S k ill 14: LISTEN FOR W ISH ES

C o n v er sa tio n s a b o u t w ish es can a p p ear in L iste n in g P art A. T h e im p o r ta n t id e a to re­

m e m b e r a b o u t w ish es is th at a w ish im p lie s h at the opposite o f the w ish is true.
 LISTENING PARTA

E x am p le

On the recording, you hear:

(woman) It's too bad that y o u have to stay here and work during
the school break.
(man) I really w ish I could go w ith you and the others to
Palm Springs.
(narrator) What does the m an mean?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Maybe he will go with the others on the trip.
(B) He is unable to go on the trip.
(C) He's happy to be going on the trip.
(D) He’s going on the trip, but not with the others.

In th is c o n v e r sa tio n th e m a n wishes th a t h e could go w ith th e o th e r s o n th e trip , so th e im ­

p lie d m e a n in g is th a t h e is unable to go. T h e c o r r e c t an sw er is th e r e fo r e an sw er (B ).

T h e fo llo w in g c h a r t o u tlin e s th e key p o in ts th at y o u sh o u ld k n o w a b o u t w ishes:

KEY INFORMATION ABOUT WISHES

Point Example Meaning

• An affirmative wish implies a .••M.K.-.-.&ir.:,’ •

1 wish 1 had time to help. = no time to help
negative reality. .
: ’ ‘ - • ■' v v
‘ A negative wish implies an 1wish 1 did not have time to help. ' =^ time
' to ii".
help
affirmative reality.
. ... . .•■■ ■
• ' ■ ■- • .
• A past tense verb implies a present 1 wish he were at hom e* = is not at home
reality.
A . ■. : ..•’v. -v.. .
• A past perfect tense verb implies a 1 wish he had been at home. = was not at home
past reality. ; \ : -J . ^.. .'■
; . - ... .ft: '

•Remember that were is used instead of was in wishes: “I wish I were going."

E X E R C ISE 14: In th is e x e r c is e , u n d e r lin e th e w ish in e a ch sh o r t c o n v e r sa tio n . T h e n read

th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b est an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e b e st an sw er
is o n e th at im p lie s th e o p p o s ite o f w h a t is sa id .

(man) Do you think we’U be able to (A) T he sky is n ot very cloudy.

have the picnic today ? (B) T he sky yesterday was clou dier than
(woman) / wish the sky weren 't so cloudy. it is today.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ? (C) T he sky is too cloudy.
(D) T h e sky is rather clear.

(woman) Did you enjoy the Thanksgiving (A) He d id n ’t eat very m uch.
dinner? (B) He plans on eating a lot.
(m an) I wish I h a d n ’t eaten so much. (C) He thinks he is eating a lot.
(narrator) What does the man mean ? (D) He ate too much.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

3. (man) Are you coming to the party (A) She is com ing to the party.
tonight? (B) She m ight com e to the party.
(wom an) I wish I could. (C) She will try to com e to the party.
(narrator) What does the woman mean? (D) She is n o t com in g to the party.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE 14: In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o r t c o n v e r s a tio n an d

q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st a n sw er to th e q u e s tio n . You
s h o u ld r e m e m b e r th a t a w ish im p lie s a n o p p o s ite m e a n in g .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM A T TOEFL EXERCISE 14.

1. (A) The line is short. 6. (A) Harry did not prepare e n ou gh for
(B) There are not very many p eople in the exam.
front o f them. (B) Harry studied hard for the exam.
(C) The line in front o f them is too (C) He has n ot heard anything about
long. Harry.
(D) N ot many p eople want to get (D) He had a bet with Harry.
tickets to the concert. 7. (A) The algebra course that she is
2. (A) The woman told him about the taking is n ot her favorite.
ticket. (B) She d oesn ’t n eed to take the
(B) He wanted the woman to get a algebra course.
ticket. (C) She has a good schedule o f courses
(C) H e was happy to find ou t about the this semester.
ticket. (D) She’s good at m ath, but sh e ’s
(D) The woman did not tell him about taking the algebra course anyway.
the ticket. 8. (A) H e was able to find a cheap
3. (A) She is not working too many hours apartment.
next week. (B) His apartment is too expensive.
(B) She d oesn ’t have enough hours (C) H e d oesn ’t like th e apartm ent’s
n ext week. location.
(C) She is working too many hours (D) The apartm ent is cheap because o f
n ext week. its location.
(D) She likes working so m uch. He arrived early at the auditorium.
9. (A)
4. (A) T he departm ent did n ot change (B) He got o n e o f the best seats in the
the requirements. auditorium.
(B) She likes the new requirem ents. (C) H e was n ot early en ou gh to get a
(C) She changed her apartment just seat at the front.
b e f o r e g ra d u a tio n . (D) H e prefers sitting at the back.
(D ) S h e d o e s n o t lik e th e c h a n g e s th a t
10. (A) H e’d like to work on his social skills
th e d e p a r t m e n t m a d e .
at the game.
5. (A) H e is going to the theater. (B) He wishes he could work on his
(B) He d o esn ’t have enough money. term paper for sociology.
(C) He isn’t afraid to go. (C) H e can’t attend the gam e because
(D) H e d o esn ’t want to spend the o f his schoolwork.
money. (D) Sociology is less im portant to him
than football this weekend.
 LISTENING PARTA

S k ill 15: LIS TE N FOR U N T R U E C O N D IT IO N S

C o n v er sa tio n s c o n ta in in g c o n d itio n s c a n a p p e a r in L iste n in g P art A. T h e im p o r ta n t id e a

to r e m e m b e r a b o u t c o n d itio n s is th a t a c o n d itio n im p lie s th a t th e opposite o f the condition
is true.

E x am p le

On the recording, you hear:

(man) Do you think that you '11be able to go to the party?
(woman) I f I had time, I w ould go.
(narrator) What does the w om an say about the party?

In your test book, you read:

(A) Maybe she'll go.
(B) She has time, so she'll go.
(C) She is goiag even if she doesn’t have time.
(D) It's impossible to go.

_________________________________________________ l

In th is q u e s tio n , th e c o n d itio n i f I h a d tim e im p lie s th a t th e o p p o s ite is true: T h e w o m a n

d o e s n o t h ave tim e fo r th e party, so sh e can n o t go. T h e r e fo r e , th e b e st an sw er to this q u e s ­
tio n is an sw er (D ).

T h e fo llo w in g b o x o u tlin e s th e key p o in ts th a t y o u sh o u ld k n ow a b o u t u n tr u e

c o n d itio n s:

KEY INFORMATION ABOUT UNTRUE CONDITIONS

. *. Point ■ r Example Meaning

•An affirmative condition implies If she were at home, she = not at home
a negative reality. could do it.* • ,
• A negative condition implies an If she weren't «h om e, she = at home
affirmative reality. could do it.

* - : " , ' • - " ■ ■.... ■■ ■;.....

• A past tense implies a present . If 1 had money, 1would buy it. = do not have money
reality. . ■■ ■ ■
• A past perfect verb implies a If 1 had had money, 1 would = did noc have money
past reality. ' have bought it ;
■ ‘• . ■■ ■ ■ ~ ■: - : :■ ...
■■ jv ■■ ■ . .. .
•Had can be used without if Had 1hod money, 1 would = did not have money
:■ ■'■Z v > r ' have bought it.**

•Remember that were is used instead of was in untrue conditions: "If I were there, I would help.”
’" T h is has the same meaning as “If I had had m o n e y .. .." Note that the subject and "had" are
inverted.
 LISTENING COMPREHENSION

E X E R C IS E 15: In th is e x e r c ise , u n d e r lin e th e c o n d itio n in e a c h sh o r t c o n v e rsa tio n .

T h e n , r e a d th e q u e s tio n a n d c h o o s e th e b e st an sw er to th a t q u e s tio n . R e m e m b e r th a t th e
b e st an sw er is o n e th a t im p lie s th e o p p o s ite o f w h at is said.

1. (m an)
Are you going to have something (A) She is not going to cat.
to eat ? (B) T he food looks fresh.
(wom an) I f the food looked fresh, I would (C) She d oesn ’t like fresh food.
eat some. (D) She already ate som ething.
(narrator) What does the woman mean ?

2. (wom an) The flight must have taken (A) It arrived early.
longer than usual. (B) It was unusually short.
(m an) H ad the flight left on time, we (C) It left on time.
would not have arrived so late. (D) It departed late.
(narrator) What does the man say about
the flight ?

3. (m an)
Are you sure you want to go (A) She really is feelin g fine.
o u t? You do not seem to be (B) There is plenty o f aspirin in the
feeling very well. m edicine cabinet.
(wom an) I f there were some aspirin in the (C) It is necessary to get som e aspirin.
medicine cabinet, I would not (D) She does not n eed to go out.
need to go to the drugstore.
(narrator) What does the woman mean?

T O E F L E X E R C ISE 15: In th is e x e r c ise , listen carefu lly to th e sh o rt c o n v e rsa tio n an d

q u e s tio n in th e r e c o r d in g p rogram , an d th e n c h o o s e th e b e st answ er to th e q u e s tio n . You
s h o u ld b e particu larly carefu l o f u n tr u e c o n d itio n s .

N O W BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE 15.

(A) T he woman did not need to call him. 4. (A) She did not put en ou gh postage on
(B) T he woman called to let him know the letter.
about the m eeting. (B) T he letter arrived last week.
(C) H e ’s n ot glad that the woman called. (C) T he letter did not n eed more
(D) H e already knew about the m eeting postage.
w hen the woman called. (D) She did not put any postage on the
letter.
2. (A) T he m an often drives too quickly.
(B) T he police do not stop the man too 5. (A) H e has a dog.
m uch. (B) H e d oesn ’t pay attention to dogs.
(C) T he man drove rather slowly. (C) H e wishes he had a dog.
(D) T he police should not stop the (D) D ogs do not n eed m uch attention.
man so often.
6. (A) They knew they had to prepare for
3. (A) She’s so happy they d o n ’t have to the exam.
work on Friday. (B) They did n’t prepare for the exam.
(B) It would be nice if they could finish (C) As soon as they knew about the
their work on Friday. exam, they began to prepare for
(C) She wonders if the man would be it.
nice enough to com e in to work (D) They knew that the preparation for
in her place on Friday. the exam would take a lot o f
(D) It’s too bad they must work on time.
Friday.
 LISTENING PARTA

7. (A) It costs too m uch for him to go. 9. (A) T h e woman d id n ’t com e.
(B) H e agrees to go with them. (B) T h e woman wanted to be there.
(C) H e is unworried about the cost o f (C) T h e woman was g oin g to leave
the restaurant. immediately.
(D) T h e restaurant is rather (D) T h e woman was n ot really there.
inexpensive.
10. (A) Kathy d id n ’t work as hard as
(A) W hen J o e saw the car com ing, he possible because she d id n ’t know
tried to get out o f the way. what the reward was.
(B) Joe was able to get out o f the way (B) Kathy c o u ld n ’t have put m ore
because he saw the car com ing. effort into the project to win the
(C) Joe ju m p ed out o f the way o f the prize.
o n com in g car. (C) Kathy won first prize because o f her
(D) Because J o e did n’t see the car hard work on the art project.
com ing, he co u ld n ’t get ou t o f (D) Kathy worked so hard that she
the way. knew first prize was hers.

T O E F L E X ER C ISE (Skills 1 4 -1 5 ): In this ex er cise , listen carefully to th e sh o r t con versation

an d q u estio n in th e r ec o r d in g program , a n d th e n c h o o s e th e b est answ er to th e q u estio n .

n N ow BEGIN THE RECORDING PROGRAM AT TOEFL EXERCISE (SKILLS 14-15).

1. (A) She enjoys violent movies. 6. (A) T hey filled up the gas tank at the
(B) She would have preferred a more last service station.
violent movie. (B) A lthough they filled up the tank,
(C) She thinks the film was too violent. they still ran out o f gas.
(D) She enjoyed the movie. (C) Even thou gh they d id n ’t stop at the
service station, they d id n ’t run
2. (A) H e left the windows open.
out o f gas.
(B) The rain did not get in.
(D) They ran ou t o f gas because they
(C) H e forgot to close the windows.
d id n ’t stop at the gas station.
(D) T he rain got into the house.
(A) H is schedule is not really heavy.
3. (A) Her family is unable to com e to
(B) H e needs to add a few more
graduation.
courses.
(B) It is possible that her family will
(C) H e enrolled in m ore courses than
com e.
he really wants.
(C) H er parents are com ing to the
(D) H e will register for a lot o f courses
cerem onies.
next semester.
(D) She is n o t graduating this year.
8. (A) She never took the bus to work.
4. (A) He is g o in g to miss the conference.
(B) She regularly takes the bus.
(B) He will take his vacation n ext week.
(C) She d oesn ’t know how to get to
(C) He will attend the conference.
work.
(D) He w on ’t miss his vacation.
(D) She gets lost on the bus.
5. (A) H e enjoys chem istry lab.
(B) H e d o e sn ’t have chem istry lab this
afternoon.
(C) H e isn’t taking chem istry class.
(D) H e has to go to the lab.