Old Question Papers of Nuclear Physics ‘ 1 ‘Time Allowed: 2.30huory Courne Nuwte » Marks: 50 ‘ourse cad (Subjective Type) Section-I Q. 2: Write down short answers of the following: (2 x 10 = 20) i. Draw a schematic diagram of mass spectrograph clearly showing each part. ii. Write down the assumptions of Collective Model. . ili, Write down the two postulates of Neutrino hypotheses. iv. Define nuclear spin. V. Write any two achievements of Liquid drop model. vi. Define magnetic dipole moment. vii. Write at least two evidences of shell structure in nuclei. vil. Why solid state detector is more suitable for the detection of low Particles? ix. Why does energy of O-particles emitted in a decay process have line spectrum and energy of B-particles have continuous distribution? x. What is the Q-value for the radioactive disintegration? a 736Ra > *22Rn + $He Needee masses are m(?26Ra) = 226.025403u, m(?22Rn) = 222.017571u, m(3He) = 4.002603u. Section-II Q. 3: (a) Explain the concept of nuclear electric quadrupole moment. (b) Write in detail the principle, construction and working of bubble chamber, 07 +05 Q. 4: (a) By using semi empirical mass formula, find an expression for atomic number of the stable nuclei after B-decay. 05 +03 (b) Which nucleus is more stable 3Li or SLi? Given that masses are: : ™n = 1.008665u, m, = 1.007825u, m(3Li) = 7.016003u, m(§Li) = 8.022486u Q. 5: (a) Briefly describe the theory of spontaneous alpha emission. b) Discuss multi-polarities of y-rays. 06 +04542 Old Question Papers of Nuclear Physics Paper: Nuclear Physies-I Time Allowed: 2.30huors Course code: PHY-403 Max. Marks: 50 (Subjective Type) Section-I Q. 2: Write down short answers of the following: (2 x 10 = 20) (i)-Can we accelerate a neutron by cyclotron? (ii)-Explain in few lines the concept that the working of a betatron is like that of a transformer. “ (ili)-Give two properties of nuclear tadiation used in detection instruments, (iv)-Give differences between ionization chamber and proportional counter, (v)-Give at least two reasons for acceptance of proton-neutron hypothesis for the constitution of nucleus. (vi)-Why neutron number tends to exceed proton number in stable nuclei? (vii)-The nucleons constantly emit and absorb pions. Why the neutrons and Protons are never found with other than their usual masses? £ (viii)-State similarities between nucleus and liquid drop model. (at least four). 5 (ix)-What is meant by range of alpha particles? On what factors it depend upon? (x)-The law of conservation of energy and momentum are not obeyed in beta decay. How neutrino hypothesis explain this discrepancy? Q. 3: (a)-What is principle of van de Graaff accelerator? Explain its construction and working. Also give its uses. 01+ 05 +01 (b)-What is meant by magnetic dipole moment? By giving an example show that magnetic moments are not additive. 01+02 Q. 4: (a)-How limitations of nuclear shell model were Tectified by collective nuclear model. Also give achievements of collective nuclear model. 06 (b)- How charge particles passes through matter? Explain. 04 Q. 5: (a)-Explain theory of gamma decay in detail by explaining multi- polarity of gamma rays. : 07 (b)- State basic properties of nuclear forces. 03ts of Nuclear Physics concep! Y—Nuclear Physies-I tet PHY-403 AML a ; Max ee 2.dOhuory . . . si J (Subjective Type) ao eae Section-1 2; Write down short answers of the following: (2x10 (2 x 10 = 20) " The nucleons constantly emi i The lly emit and absorb pi tons are never found with other than ieee neutrons and | i Explain why the sum of masses of two protons and tw is equal to the mass of alpha particle. cece LeLn | (i-Give a comparison of proportional and ionization chambers. (v-What are the limitations of nuclear emulsion technique? : | Why neut c be ieened ae ene to exceed proton number in stable nuclei? | wi ed spin of 7N"* ish. Show that i i electron-proton model of nucleus. eer te eee (i)-What are achievements and failures of shell nuclear model? | ae is meant by range of alpha particles? On what factors it depend | upon’ | (x)- Electrons as such do not exist in the nucleus. What then is the cause | of beta decay? | (x)-Can a cyclotrot! Q. 3: (a)-What is meant by magnetic dipole m ' show that magnetic moments are not additive. | (b)-Give principle, construction and working of synchrocyclotron. 01 +03 +03 in be used to accelerate electrons? If not, why? joment? By giving an example 01+ 02 ‘ermi theory of beta decay and calculate momentum and d electrons. Draw the expected shape of rmi-Kurie plot. 06 failures of liquid drop model. Also give , 04 Q. 4: (a)-Discuss F | energy distributions of emitter | these distributions and also draw Fel (b)-Highlight the achievements and similarities between nucleus and liquid drop model. | Q. 5: (a)-How Gamow-Gurney-Condon theory explains the problems of | alpha decay raised by classical theory? 05 (b)- What is proton-proton scattering? What does int Nuclear forces? Also differentiate between proton: ‘| Proton scattering. formation it give about | | -proton and neutron- 05(0) charge number aia ths " (d) mass number m con eventeen electrons, seve! D inte: re ne g, The nucleon number of this nucleus is: en protons are and b ral ato Aten f (0) 34 (0) 38 Pr Time Allowed: 2.45huors MH, 1" syetear Phhysien-l Max, Marks: 50 toe “oder PHY-403 ie ’ . (Subjective Type) ‘il Section-I n short answers of the following: 2 Write dow' y itations of liquid drop model? junhat are lirnit jjstate two reasons of acceptance of proton-neutro! i: What are isobars? Give one example. fi)-The observed spin of 7N' ish. Show that it cannot be explained on |ysis of electron-proton model. | What are limitations of cyclotron? State any two. ‘hi: What is a linear accelerator? Give its principle. (ii)- The nucleons constantly emit and absorb pions. Why are neutrons and protons never found with other than their usual masses? (ii Differentiate between i izati mber and proportional counter. |(x)- State any two prope i ‘ ; |(y)-Can a cyclotron accelerate neutrons? If yes, explain. If not, why? in assumptions of liquid drop model of nucleus. 04 + 06 1Q, 3: (a)-Give the mal liquid drop mode! (2x 10 = 20) n hypothesis. energy of a nucleus based on liquid |dustify the name del. '(b)-Obtain the expression for binding” | drop model. . Q, 4:- (a)-The laws of conservation of energy and momentum are not | obeyed in beta decay. How neutrino hypothesis explains this discrepancy | and accounts for continuous beta spectrum. (b)-Nuviesr forces are spin dependent. Explain. 06 + 04 Q, 5:- Explain principle, construction and working of a proportional counter. | Give its applications and explain how it can be used for neutron detection. 40 |sgerstore wer - . Jomb force . (b) Newtonian force ) OO" ar force \ The nuclei with A < 150 are Preaiecuieirr force on--—-- about a spherical equilibrium shape. in terms of mode , : 4 Be ee Physies-l ‘) None of above 1: PHY-403 niet ae se. tShuors (Subjective Type) Section-I Q. 2: Write down short answers of the following: (2x 10= 20) ()-What are isotopes? What do they Have in common and what are their raper differences? (i-Comment on the following properties of 298Pb nucleus (i) charge (il) spin (iii) size. (ii)-What are main problems of synchrotron? How synchrotrons are different from linear accelerators? (iv)-A cyclotron is a so-called resonance device. Does Betatron also depend upon resonance? (v)-In radiation detectors, describe specific ionization, and gas multiplication factor. (vi)-Why are alpha and beta rayS deflected in opposite directions in a magnetic field? Why aren't gamma rays deflected? t to decay forward in the periodic table- is it possible for an elemen element of higher atomic number? hort-range force. Give evidence in (viii)-It is said that nuclear forces are sl support of this statement. (ix)-What are the properties that identify a system of nucleons in its lowest energy state? Discuss the non-classical properties. ence between the liquid drop model and (x)-What is the basic point of differ shell model of the nucleus? Q. 3: (a)-What is mass spectrograph? Describe its principle, construction and working. How isotopes of an element are identified with it.