TOP 100 QUESTIONS & ANSW

1. _______ is referred to as "the father of research on teaching"?

a) N. L. Gage
b) David Berliner
c) Egon Brunswik
d) Donald T. Campbell
Answer: a. N. L. Gage

2. The main purpose of research in education is to _________

a) Increase social status of an individual

b) Increase job prospects of an individual
c) Help in the personal growth of an individual
d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist
Answer: d. Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

3. _______ refers to inferring about the whole population based on the observation
part

a) Pseudo-inference
b) Objective inference
c) Inductive inference
d) Deductive inference
Answer: c. Inductive inference

4. Sampling is advantageous as it ________

a) Saves time
b) Helps in capital-saving
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Increases accuracy
Answer: c. Both (a) and (b)

5. Random sampling is helpful as it is __________

a) Reasonably accurate
b) Free from personal biases
c) An economical method of data collection
d) All the above
Answer: d. All the above

6. Tippit table refers to ____________

a) Table of random digits

9. Research and Development become the index of development of country. Which
reasons are true with regards to this statement?

a) Because R&D targets the human development

b) Because R&D can improve the standard of living of the people in a country
c) Because R&D reflect the true economic and social conditions prevailing in a country
d) All the above
Answer: d. All the above

10. Which of the following is not an essential element of report writing?

a. Research Methodology
b. Reference
c. Conclusion
d. None of these
Answer: d. None of these

11. Testing hypothesis is a ________

a. Inferential statistics
b. Descriptive statistics
c. Data preparation
d. Data analysis
Answer: a. inferential statistics

12. Is it possible to apply projective techniques for exploratory investigation?

a. Yes
b. No
Answer: a. Yes

13. What is the purpose of doing research?

a. To identify problem
b. To find the solution
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
Answer: c. Both a and b

14. Which method can be applicable for collecting qualitative data?

a. Artifacts (Visual)
b. People
c. Media products (Textual, Visual and sensory)
d. All of these
Answer: d. All of these

15. Which of the following is non-probability sampling?

S b ll
18. Uniting various qualitative methods with quantitative methods can be called a

a. Coalesce
b. Triangulation
c. Bipartite
d. Impassive
Answer: b. Triangulation

19. Multistage sampling is a ________

a. Probability sampling
b. Non-Probability sampling
Answer: a. Probability sampling

20. Hypothesis is..........

a) Conclusion drawn from existing literature

b) Interpretation of data
c) Relation between variables
d) Comparison of assumptions
Answer: (B) Interpretation of data

21. In which of the following research methodologies, manipulation and control of

randomization of sample are 2 of the basic necessities..........

a) Ex-post facto research

b) Descriptive research
c) Case study research
d) Experimental research
Answer: (d) Experimental research

22. Which one of the following is the main feature of qualitative research?..........

a) Avoids positivist assumptions and data analysis

b) Subscribe to pre-existing categories
c) Collects data in numerical form
d) Uses the empirical methods of data analysis
Answer: (a) Avoids positivist assumptions and data analysis

23.Which of the following methodology is being used in empirical researches? ......

a) Inductive method
b) Deductive method
c) Initiative method
d) Scientific method
Answer: (d) Scientific method

24. In which research methodology, manipulation of independent variable and con

variables are neither possible nor desirable? ..........
b) Establishing a research problem, hypothesis framing, hypothesis testing, generalization and co
of result.
c) Problem identification, sample selection, developing a research design and field work.
d) Defining a problem, survey of related studies, sampling, data collection, and data analysis.
Answer: (b) Establishing a research problem, hypothesis framing, hypothesis testing, gener
and implications of result.

27. A researcher administers an achievement test to assess and indicate the possibl
independent variable in his/her study. The distribution of scores on the test is foun
skewed. On the basis of this, what can be started with regard to the difficulty level

a) The test is very easy

b) The test is very difficult
c) The test is neither easy nor difficult
d) The test is easy and needs normalization
Answer: (a) The test is very easy

28. The personalized and contextualized references are permissible in which type o
researches? ........

a) Experimental research
b) Historical research
c) Ethnographic research
d) Survey based research
Answer: (c) Ethnographic research

29. In which of the following methodology of research, hypotheses are usually imp
explicit? ........

a) Descriptive survey method

b) Historical method
c) Experimental method
d) Ex-post facto method
Answer: (b) Historical method

30. Which is the research methodology predominantly used to study cultural anth

a) Interview
b) Panel discussion
c) Participant observation
d) Focus group discussion
Answer: (c) Participant observation

31. Which among the following is NOT related to qualitative research? ........

a) Thematic analysis
b) Case study
c) Discourse analysis
d) Survey method
a) Ethnographic approach
b) Unstructured approach
c) Descriptive approach
d) Structured approach
Answer: (d) Structured approach

35. The main purpose of research in education is to........

a) Increase social status of an individual

b) Increase job prospects of an individual
c) Help in the personal growth of an individual
d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist
Answer: (d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist

36. Sampling is advantageous as it..........

a) Saves time
b) Helps in capital-saving
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Increases accuracy
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

37. Random sampling is helpful as it is.........

a) Reasonably accurate
b) Free from personal biases
c) An economical method of data collection
d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above

38. ------------ refers to inferring about the whole population on the basis of the obs
small part

a) Pseudo-inference
b) Objective inference
c) Inductive inference
d) Deductive inference
Answer: (c) Inductive inference

39. Different people hold ------------- of the same thing

a) Same and different

b) Same
c) Different
d) None of the above
Answer: (c) Different

40. In “RESEARCH” “R” means..........

a) Role
43. A researcher selects a probability sample of 100 out of the total population. It i

a) A cluster sample
b) A random sample
c) A systematic sample
d) A stratified sample
Answer: (b) A random sample

44. A good hypothesis must be .........

a) Formulated in such a way that it can be tested by the data

b) Precise, specific, and consistent with most known facts
c) Of limited scope and must not have global significance
d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above

45. Field study is related to .........

a) Real life situations

b) Laboratory situations
c) Experimental situations
d) None of the above
Answer: (a) Real life situations

46. In the word “RESEARCH” “A” means..........

a) Articulate
b) Artist
c) Article
d) None of the above
Answer: (a) Articulate

47. Research is based upon ........

a) Rating scale
b) Experiments
c) General principles
d) Scientific methods
Answer: (d) Scientific methods

48. The main condition which must be followed by research is ..........

a) Honest exploration
b) Knowledge of facts and principles
c) Standardized findings and conclusions
d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above

49. Researches are generally treated as “identity symbols” of a nation because, .....
52.An essential Criterion of Scientific study is called

a) Belief
b) Value
c) Objectivity
d) Subjective
Answer: c) Objectivity

53.“Reasoning from general to particular “is called

a) Induction
b) deduction
c) Observation
d) experience
Answer: b) deduction

54.“Deduction and induction are a part of the system of reasoning” – stated by

a) Caroline
b) P.V.Young
c) Dewey John
d) Emory
Answer: b) P.V.Young

55. …… is “systematically conceptual structure of interrelated elements in some s

a) Concept
b) Variable
c) Model
d) Facts
Answer: c) Model

56.The method by which a sample is chosen

a) Unit
b) design
c) Random
d) Census
Answer: b) design

57. Research conducted to find the solution for an immediate problem is …………

a) Fundamental Research
b) Analytical Research
c) Survey
d) Action Research
Answer: d) Action Research

58. Fundamental Research is otherwise called

61. …………is a way to systematically solve the research problem

a) Technique
b) Operations
c) Research methodology
d) Research Process
Answer: c) Research methodology

62. Good Research is always ……………

a) Slow
b) Fast
c) Narrow
d) Systematic
Answer: d) Systematic

63.The research method is a part of …………..

a) Problem
b) Experiment
c) Research Techniques
d) Research methodology
Answer: d) Research methodology

64. Identifying causes of a problem and possible solutions to a problem is

a) Field Study
b) diagnostic study
c) Action study
d) Pilot study
Answer: b) diagnostic study

65. …………… is a motivation for research in students

a) Research degree
b) Research Academy
c) Research Labs
d) Research Problems
Answer: a) Research degree

66. Which of the following is an example of primary data?

a) Book
b) Journal
c) News Paper
d) Census Report
Answer: c) News Paper

67. A question which requires a solution is ………….

70. A Hypothesis which develops while planning the research is

a) a Null Hypothesis
b) a Working Hypothesis
c) a Relational Hypothesis
d) a Descriptive Hypothesis
Answer: a) Null Hypothesis

71. An image, perception, or concept that is capable of measurement is called_____

a) Scale.
b) Hypothesis.
c) Type.
d) Variable
Answer: d) Variable

72. What are the conditions in which Type-I error occurs?

a) The null hypothesis get accepted even if it is false

b) The null hypothesisgets rejected even if it is true
c) Both the null hypotheses as well as alternative hypotheses are rejected
d) None of the above
Answer: b)The null hypothesisgets rejected even if it is true

73. In order to pursue the research, which of the following is priory required?

a) Developing a research design

b) Formulating a research question
c) Deciding on the data analysis procedure
d) Formulating a research hypothesis
Answer: b)Formulating a research question

74. How to judge the depth of any research?

a) By research title
b) By research duration
c) By research objectives
d) By total expenditure on research
Answer: c)By research objectives

75. Which of the following is not the method of Research?

a) Survey
b) Historical
c) Observation
d) Observation
Answer: c)Observation

76. Research is
Answer: c)Diagnostic

79.The main objective of ……studies to acquire knowledge

a) Exploratory
b) Descriptive
c) Diagnostic
d) Descriptive and Diagnostic
Answer: B)Descriptive

80. One of the terms given below is defined as a bundle of meanings or characteris
certain events, objects, conditions, situations, and the like

a) Construct
b) Definition
c) Concept
d) Variable
Answer: c)Concept

81. Concepts are ……………. of Research

a) Guide
b) Tools
c) Methods
d) Variables
Answer: b)Tools

82. Concept is of two types

a) Abstract and Coherent

b) Concrete and Coherent
c) Abstract and concrete
d) None of the above
Answer: c)Abstract and concrete

83. Why do you need to review the existing literature?

a) To make sure you have a long list of references

b) Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count
c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest
d) To help in your general studying
Answer: c)To find out what is already known about your area of interest

84. What do you mean by Unit of Analysis?

a) Main parameter
b) Variables
c) Sample
d) Constructs
Answer: a)Main parameter
b) Fact finding
c) Analytical
d) Systematic
Answer: b)Fact finding

88.In a survey there is an enumerator and a ………………….

a)Guide
b)Respondent
c)Supervisor
d)Messenger
Answer: b)Respondent

89. The first purpose of a survey is to …………

a)Description
b)Evaluation
c)Pration
d)Provide Information
Answer: d)Provide Information

90. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible is called

a)Multiple-choice questions
b)Dichotomous questions
c)Open-ended questions
d)Structured questions
Answer: b)Dichotomous questions

91. What are the core elements of a Research Process?

a)Introduction; Data Collection; Data Analysis; Conclusions and Recommendations

b)Executive Summary; Literature Review; Data Gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography
c)Research Plan; Research Data; Analysis; References
d)Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions and Conclusion
Answer: d)Introduction; Literature Review; Research Methodology; Results; Discussions a

92. Identifying the causes of a problem and possible solutions to a problem is

a)Field Study
b)Diagnosis tic study
c)Action study
d)Pilot study
Answer: b)Diagnosis tic study

93. Second step in problem formulation is

a)Statement of the problem

b)Understanding the nature of the problem
c)Survey
a) A study completed far away from where the researcher lives.
b) A study that is very long to read.
c) A study with two contrasting cases.
d) A study completed over a distinct period of time to map changes in social phenomena.
Answer: d) A study completed over a distinct period of time to map changes in social pheno

97. Which of the following is true regarding research objectives?

a) Research objectives, when achieved, will provide sufficient earnings to obtain a reasonable ret
b) Research objectives, when obtained, will ensure the viability of the marketing research depart
c) Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information necessary to solve the problem.
d) Research objectives are seldom achieved but should be stated as goals to be sought.
Answer: c) Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information necessary to solve

98. Wrong questionnaire is an example of ………

a)Primary data collection problem

b)Secondary collection problem
c)A and B both
d)None of the above
Answer: a)Primary data collection problem

99.The existing company information is an example of which data?

a)Primary
b)Secondary
c)Both a and b
d)None of the above
Answer: b)Secondary

100. Your colleague is confused about using the marketing research process, as he
is wrong but is not sure of the specific causes to investigate. He seems to be having
________, which is often the hardest step to take.

a)Developing the research plan

b)Determining a research approach
c)Defining the problem and research objectives
d)Selecting a research agency
Answer: c)Defining the problem and research objectives