2.

9 Image editing

A. Match the word with the definition.

1. crop a. turn an image

2. sharpen b. reverse an image
3. soften c. improve the appearance of an
image
4. zoom in
d. remove part of an image
5. zoom out
e. copy part of an image to
6. flip another point in that image
7. rotate f. view part of the image in more detail
8. touch up g. view more of the image in less detail
h. convert a vector image to a bitmap image (see B5 below)
9. clone
i. make the image less blurred
10. rasterize
[Link] the image more blurred

B. True or false?
1. Greyscale images take up more disk space than colour images.

2. It's often preferable to scan line drawings as black and white images rather than greyscale images.
This takes up less disk space, and produces sharper lines. This type of image is also known as lineart.

3. On most computers, you can view photos as a slideshow – each photo is shown for a few seconds.

4. You can also view photos as fingernails – small versions of the photos, with lots shown on the
screen at the same time.

5. A vector image (for example, a clipart image) can be expanded to any size without loss of resolution.
A bitmap image (for example, a photo) is made of pixels, so it loses resolution when it is expanded.

high contrast

greyscale black and white

high brightness

1
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622
9).
 2.10 Graphic design

Choose the best words from each pair in bold.

1. It's usually possible to 1 import / introduce Adobe PageMaker files into Adobe InDesign. The majority of
graphic design applications can 2 export / send off documents as PDF files, or as HTML web pages.

2. This box has a black 3 frame / outside, also known as a "stroke".

Inside the frame, the fill is a 4 fade / gradient from dark grey to light
WAVE
grey.
WAVE
The difference between the two versions of "wave", is that 5
curling / kerning has been applied to the top version.

3. A frame, graphic or block of text is known as 6 an object / a thing. These are arranged in 7 levels /
layers – the top layer 8 overlaps / overruns the layer below.

4. This image is 9 blurred / soft at the edges (see unit 1.6 for the original).
This 10 result / effect is also known as 11 feathering / birding.

5. 12 Full bleed / total bleed means that the page is printed right up to the edges – there are no white
margins. The 13 snail / slug area is the area outside the area to be printed where instructions for the printer are
written.

6. This image has been 14 pulled /

stretched (see unit 2.8 for the original).

7. Before a document goes 15 to press / for printing, it's essential to check the 16 examples / proofs
for errors.

8. Like desktop printers, most colour printing 17 machines / presses print in four colours: cyan (light blue),
magenta (dark pink), yellow and black. Before printing, a document must be divided into the four colours. this
process is called colour 18 separation / division. These separations are then turned into 19 plates / stamps –
one for each of the inks that will be used.

9. Prior to colour separation, coloured images, graphics and text have to be 20 transformed / converted from
RGB (Red Green Blue), the colour format of computer displays, to CMYK (Cyan Magenta Yellow Black) the
colour format of printing presses.

10. The process of preparing documents from a graphic designer for the printing press is called 21
reprographics / reproduction.

40
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622
9).
 2.11 Spreadsheets

A B C D E F G
1
2
3
4
5
6

A. Choose the best word.

1. A basic spreadsheet is a of spaces for data.
a. grid b. cage c. ladder

2. A spreadsheet consists of columns and .

a. lengths b. lines c. rows

3. A spreadsheet grid is called a worksheet. A file containing one or more worksheets is called a
.
a. workout b. work c. workbook

4. In the worksheet above, the cell is in column B, row 3.

a. important b. active c. focus

5. Use the mouse pointer to select a single cell or of cells.

a. bunch b. group c. block

6. It's easy to adjust the column .

a. size b. width c. space

7. Spreadsheets can perform mathematical .

a. calculations b. deductions c. jobs

8. To get a worksheet to perform a mathematical calculation, you have to enter a .

a format b. form c. formula

9. A number in a spreadsheet cell is often called a .

a. digit b. numeral c. value

10. To remove the contents of a cell is to that cell.

a. clean b. wash c. clear

11. To remove a complete row is to that row.

a. wipe b. delete c. erase

12. Changing the fonts, colours etc. of a spreadsheet is called .

a. formatting b. forming c. reforming

42 For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622 9).
B. Add the arithmetic operator symbols to the table below.

* / ^ - +
symbol verb noun everyday speech
add addition "five plus three equals eight"
subtract subtraction "five minus three equals two"

"five multiplied by three equals fifteen" "five

multiply multiplication
times three equals fifteen"

divide division "fifteen divided by three equals five"

raise to the power of "ten to the power of five is 100,000"

C. Answer true or false.

0.75 → 7.5

1. The decimal point has been shifted one place to the right. TRUE / FALSE

188
102
65
12

2. The four numbers above have been sorted in ascending order. TRUE / FALSE

0.005
0.05
5,000
5,055.5

3. The four numbers above have been sorted in descending order. TRUE / FALSE

apples
bananas
pears
pineapples

4. The four words above have been sorted in alphabetical order. TRUE / FALSE

D. Choose the best words from each pair in grey type.

Three useful features in Microsoft Excel:
• Cells can contain 1 text / language, numerical 2 values / details and formulas. It's also possible to
add pop-up comment 3 boxes / squares containing additional information (choose Comment from
the Insert menu).

• The Fill and Autofill commands can be used for making multiple copies of the contents of a cell.
Autofill can also be used to automatically create a 4 list / series of months, numbers etc.

• You can improve the 5 looks / appearance of a spreadsheet very quickly by using the
AutoFormat feature.

43
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622
9).
 2.12 Presentation software

1. In Microsoft PowerPoint, when creating a new presentation, you can choose between a blank
presentation, a design template and the AutoContent .
a. witch b. wizard c. bogeyman

2. PowerPoint can be used to create presentation .

a. slideshows b. picture shows c. exhibitions

3. You can choose a to move from one slide to another.

a. changing effect b. moving effect c. transition effect

4. You can include moving pictures in your presentation. These are called .
a. films b. movies c. animations

5. You can choose a for your presentation.

a. colour pattern b. colour arrangement c. colour scheme

6. You can give your presentation over the internet as an .

a. online broadcast b. online show c. online spectacle

7. It's usually clearer to present statistics in the form of a table or .

a. chart b. figure c. track

8. If you wish, the software will help you of your presentation.

a. practice the times b. rehearse the timing c. try out the times

9. You can choose to record the on your computer…

a. narration b. speaking c. voice

10. …rather than giving it .

a. in real life b. for real c. live

44 For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622 9).
 2.13 Problems with software

Choose the correct preposition. Then match the problem with the solution.

1. The operating system in / on a. You can download one for

my computer doesn't support the free to / from the internet.
latest version of / from this
application.

b. Perhaps you could get an

older version – or buy a new
2. These files are too big. computer!

3. My computer says it hasn't c. What about uninstalling the

got enough memory for / driver for your old printer?
to run this program.

d. Have you checked to see if there

are any updates available in / on the
4. I can't understand this
internet?
program. It's too complicated.

e. Why don't you close off / down

5. I think there's a bug in / all those other applications you've got
inside this software. open?

6. There doesn't seem to be an f. You can get a manual. I've seen one in
icon for the program in / on the the local bookshop.
desktop.

g. How about
7. I can't use this program. It's all
compressing them with /
in / with French! by WinZip?

8. I can't get the driver for my h. Go to / on the "start" menu, and

new printer to / at work. click at / on "All Programs".

9. I haven't got a media player in

i. Change the language
/ on my computer.
setting.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

45
For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622
9).
 2.14 Which program?

Match the operations with the application types.

word processor spreadsheet image editor media player

1. select text x x
2. save as JPEG
3. insert table
4. play
5. touch up
6. import photo
7. exit
8. copy from CD
9. check internet for updates
10. copy a block of cells
11. insert text box
12. page set-up
13. optimise for internet
14. uninstall
15. add border
16. insert bullet points
17. convert to MP3
18. paste into new document
19. check spelling
20. change text direction
21. flip, crop and rotate
22. sort
23. alter formula values
24. create playlist
25. print
26. clear all cells
27. maximise window
28. insert column break
29. convert to greyscale
30. open

46 For reference see A & C Black Dictionary of Computing (978 07475 6622 9).