English Lab
HSC
Grammar :Modifier
* Modifier cixÿvq Av‡m-9 `v‡M,k~b¨¯’vb _v‡K-10 Uv, gvK©m- 5. Modifier G 5 out of 5 cvIqvi Rb¨ wb‡gv³
Modifiers Ges Gi Structure ¸‡jv Aek¨B Uvbv gyL¯’ _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡Z¨KUv jvB‡bi A_©ey‡S DIi Kivi †Pó
Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges Vocabulary I weMZ eQ‡ii Board Question Practise Gi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB|
Most Important Modifiers
at a glance
Pre-modify the noun Present Participle
( Adjective) (V+ing)
Possessive Post-modify the Verb
(My,our, your, his, her) (Adverb)
Intensifier Noun Adjective
(Very) (Noun as Ajective)
*Modifier g~jZ 2 cÖKvi:(1)Pre modifier (2) Post modifier.
*wb‡¤œi Pre modifier ¸‡jv Uvbv gyL¯’ ivL‡Z n‡e:-
Name Example / Structure
[Link] as pre modifier Great, famous, renowned, beautiful, clever,
wise, foolish, important, significant
[Link] as pre modifier (i) Verb+ing = Growing, playing, sleeping
(i) present participle (ii) past Participle (ii) Verb Gi V3 = Broken, rotten
[Link] as pre modifier (i) a, an, the (a car, an apple, the man)
(i) Article (ii) Demonastrative (ii)This, these, that, those, some (This pen)
[Link] Very, fully, enough
[Link] as pre modifier One, two, three….., many, much, several, a lot,
a little
[Link] as pre modifier My, our, your, his, her, their, its
7. Noun adjective as pre modifier Noun + Noun (Noun as Adjective)
Ex: Tea pot, Mango tree, Apple tree, Mobile
number, Life insurance
1.‡Kv‡bv wKQzi bvg‡K Noun e‡j|
Avi, Noun Gi †`vl,¸b,Ae¯’v,msL¨v,cwigvb BZ¨vw` †h eySvq ev Noun ‡K †h Modify K‡i Zv‡K adjective
e‡j| GB adjective hLb Noun ‡K Modify Ki‡Z Av‡m ZLb Zv‡K Adjective as pre modifier.
Ex: Kazi Nazrul islam was a ______(pre-modify the noun) poet. Ans: rebel,popular
Ex:Cox’s bazar is really a______(pre-modify the noun) place to spend vacation.
2. Verb Gi mv‡_ hLb ing hy³ nq ZLb Zv‡K present participle e‡j | ‡hUv g~jZ adjective Gi KvR K‡i|
Ges Verb Gi V3 form ‡K past Participle e‡j|
Ex:The ______ (Use a present participle to pre-modify the noun) birds of [Link] Island looks
amazing.
Ex: I need a book which is ______ (Use a past participle to pre-modify the noun) about
geopolitics.
3. A ,an Ges the ‡K Article ejv nq| Ges This, these, that, those Ges some ‡K Demonastrative ejv
nq
Ex: ______ (use an article) boy who got GPA-5 is my student.
Ex:He has ______(use a demonastrative) special qualities from ______ (use an article)
childhood.
4. Intensifier Gi †ÿ‡G †ewki fvM answer B Very n‡q _v‡K|
Ex:She worked ______ (use an intensifier) hard in his early life.
Ex:He is a ______ (use an intensifier) prestigious and ______(pre-modify the noun) person.
5. One, two, three….., many, much, several BZ¨vw` ‡K Quantifier ejv nq| |
Ex: He has ______ (use an quantifier) money because he saves it.
Ex: I was ______ (use an intensifier) excited and bought ______( use an quantifier) books
yesterday.
6. Possessive pronoun (my, our, your, his, her, their, its) hLb †Kv‡bv Noun ‡K Modify Ki‡Z
Av‡m ZLb Zv‡K Possessive as pre modifier e‡j|
Ex:This is ______(Use a Possessive to pre-modify the noun) grandfather’s house where he lived.
Ex: In ______(Use a Possessive to pre-modify the noun) country the people always tend to break
the rule.
7. hLb `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m ZLb Noun Noun Adjective , এ
Noun Adjective ejv nq|
Ex: ______ (use a noun adjective) is not cheap nowadays company. Ans: Life insurance
Ex: At the beginning of his career, he was a ______ (use a noun adjective). Ans: school teacher .
* wb‡¤œi Post modifier ¸‡jv Uvbv gyL¯’ ivL‡Z n‡e:-
Name Example / Structure
[Link] as post modifier (V.V.I) To + V1 = to go, to buy, to have, to do
[Link] Participle as post modifier V+ing = going, doing, having, drinking
[Link] Participle as post modifier Verb Gi V3 = made, built, done, written
[Link] as post modifier appositive is a noun phrase that comes after
another noun phrase
[Link] as post modifier (V.V.I) Properly, slowly, quickly, suddenly, really,
highly, attentively, usually, heavily, poorly,
well, much, soon, also, even.
1. To+V1 ‡K Infinitive e‡j|
Ex: Some proper steps should be taken______( Use an infinitive to modify the verb) corruption.
Ex: My cousine went to London______( Use an infinitive to modify the verb) his study in Law.
2,3: Verb Gi mv‡_ hLb ing hy³ nq ZLb Zv‡K present participle e‡j | ‡hUv g~jZ adjective Gi KvR
K‡i|
Ges Verb Gi V3 form ‡K past participle e‡j|
Ex: ______ ( Use a present participle to post-modify the verb) my MBA, I will get into a job.
Ex: Having ______ ( Use a past participle to post-modify the verb) his meal, he went to sleep
last night.
4. যখ Noun / Noun Phrase এ
, খ Appositive ।
Ex: Ayan, _____ (use an appositive) went to Cox’sbazar last week.
Ex: Shahjahan, (use an appositive) built the Tjmahal which is really______(pre-modify).
5. Verb Gi Ae¯’v †h eySvq ev Verb ‡K †h Modify K‡i Zv‡K adverb e‡j| Ges †ewkifvM adverb B ly hy³
nq|
Ex: You have to complete your preparation ______ (post-modify the verb) to get a good grade.
Ex: Work ______(post-modify the verb), until you are done.
