Introduction to Engineering Mather Example 13. When a manufacturing process is under control, it was foun an number of defectives per sample of 10 is 1.2. What limits np- chart based on the examinations of defectis thatthe, ould tives in sample baiches ‘ Solution. Nw iassdacnon yas 0.12 nB=10x0.12=1.2 UCL = np +3 Jnpg =np+npd-p) =1.2+3 J10x0.12(1-0.12) =1.24+3 100.12 x 0.88 = 1.2 +3 (1.0276) 1.2 + 3.0828 = 4:2828 LCL. = np-3npq =np~3Jnp(—p) = 1.2-3.0828 = —1,8828 = 0. (Since —ve) ple 14. Distinguish between the np-chart and p-chart. The following is data of defective of 10 samples of size 100 each. ch, Construct nk and give your comments. oem rte “No. of Deeatines 6 12 [5 [ 12 [8 | 8 | 16] 13 [.7 = (U.P. III Semester, 2010-11) Solution: Here we have i ‘Number of samples = 10 Size of sample = 100 i : Total no. of defectives of the samples combined P = “Total no. of items of all the samples combined 64+9412+54124848416413 +7 = S49412+541248484 1641347 10100 2 296 10x 100 Central control line, CL = rip =100 x 0,096 =9.6 UCL = np +3ynpg 9.6 + 39.6 x 0.904 = 9.6 + 8.84 = 18.44 LOL = 9.6 - 8,84 = 0.76 Since all the sample points are inside thé control Urals, the process pee myfetintcal contro}, one = 0,096 ii uControl Methods (Control Charts) 465 15, The data given below. are the number of defectives in 10 sampl I Sach construct an np-chart and comment on the results. meee Sample no. 1]2]3]4]5|6]7]8]9|10 No. of defectives |6|16|7[3|8|i2|7}1|11| 4 Here, we have n= 100 Total number of samples = 10 Total number of items = 10 = 100 = 1000 Total number of defectives =6+16+7+34+8+12+7+ 11+ 11+4=85 ‘Average fraction defective = p _ Total no. of defectives of all samples combined _ _85__ 9 ogs Total no. of items ©1000” CL = nB = 100 x 0.085 = 8.5 UCL = np+3,np(1—p) = 100 x 0.085 + 3) 100 x 0.085 (10.085) 54377775 = 8.5 +3 x 2.7888 = 8.5 + 8.3664 = 16.8664 LCL =np-3Jnp(—P) = 8.5 - 8.3664 = 0.1336 UCL = 16.6684 12 { el ott Sabi Qad 52 8 Ae 882/78 BAD at the sample points are in side the control limits. The proc ‘ a Loc. 4 tate of statist pina sta OFIntroduction to Engineéting Mathomati la ample 16. An inspection of 10 samples of size 400 each from 10 lots revealed is jy, number of defective units 17, 15, 14, 26, 9, 4, 19, 12, 9, 15, Lolloving Calculate control limits for the number of defective units and state wh the process is under control or not. ether Solution. Here, we have Total number of items in 10 samples = N = 10 x 400 = 4000 Total number of defectives in 10 samples = Ed =174+15+ 14+ 26+94+4+19+124+9415 = 140 ‘Average fraction defective = np = 400 x 0.035 CL. = np =14 UCL = np +3 Jnpd-p) = 14 +3 J140—0.035) =14+3 J14x0.965 =14+3 V13.51 = 1443 x 3.676 = 14 + 11.028 = 25.028 LCL = np-3Jnp-P) 14 — 11.028 = 2.972 Y x 35 404 12 none Lone207 tt em en a a a the number of defective units [Link] the 4th sample is greater than the value oh 301 i Control limits of 25, Hence, the le"poli Lit TOES is not under eee? Sample Point falls outside the Upper oe. iFe jy Control Methods (Control Chart vality te) 467 Jon samples of variable size are taken and the number of non-conformables are found in each sample. The data is given below: Taking average sample size 7 ‘into account. Draw a p- chart and comment on the process. ‘Sample No. 1[2[3[4[s][6|7][8]9|[ Size 148 [173 [160 | 156 [155 | 160 | 156 | 164 | 161 | 167 [Link]| 7 [10|6|[7|8][s8|[s8|[s|s5|9 Here, we have solation. r ; aa No. of samples Size No. of defectives (d) Be 1 148 7 0.047 2 173 10 0,058 3 160 6 0.038 4 156 7 0.045 5 155 8 0.052 6 160 8 0.050 7 156 8 0.051 8 164 8 0.049 9 161 5 0.031 10 167 9 0.054 Total 1600 16 Total number of samples- = 10 Total number of items = 1600 Total number of defective = 76 Total number of defect Total number of items in all the n all the samples combined samples combined = 18 _ 9.0475 1600 ve, -7+3,/20-2 70475 0.0475) = 0.0475 +3 pee = 0.0475 + 0.2018 = 0.2493 LOL =p-3 [0.0475 (1- 0.0475) = 0.0475 — 3 10 = 0.0475 ~ 92018 ~ 0.1543 a (since LOL is'negative)468 Fraction defectives Inference.-All the Points lie betwe control. ol Introduction to Engineering Mathematicg II CL=0,0475 Sample No, en LCL and UCL. Hence the process is under statistical