L@ ©) 2.(@) 0) © Ma) ) © @ 2a) (b) (©) ys (b) @) 2017-18 (Anock Sir) Consider a nucleus of atomic number Z to be a uniformly charged sphere of [Link] [5] that the electrostatic potential energy (Coulomb energy) of this nucleus is 3Z%e*/20ncoR. The nucleus ?4Na is more massive than its “mirror partner” 3}Ne by 4.02 MeV/c. What is [5] the difference between their Coulomb energies? Use this to estimate a value for their radius R. (Neutron-proton mass difference is 1.29 MeV/c, Briefly explain the nuclear parity and magnetic dipole moment. (242) Prove that permanent electric dipole moment of a nucleus is zero. 2] When a nucleus can have electric quadrupole moment? Define quadrupole moment operator [5] using quantum physics. Using this argue in favour of your previous statement. Define the two types of electric quadrupole moment and obtain the Qsoéy for an ellipsoid of [5] revolution. Show pietorally the Qooy for prolate and pei elipsoid and for spherical nucle. 2) a 2014 - 15 ( SBF Sir) Find the approximate density of a nucleus. 3 Write a note on nuclear density distribution. 4 Define isospin and explain isospin symmetry. 243 Write down a mathematical expression for the contribution to the magnetic moment arising 2 from the spin. Define mirror nuclei and find the electrostatic energy difference between two neighbouring 2+3+1 mirror nuclei. How this information can be used to find the radius of a nucleus? Present the Wood-Saxon from of the nuclear charge density distribution and draw the 4 corresponding distribution and explain its feature. Prove that a nucleus can have non vanishing electric quadrupole moment only Tal spin 4 2012 - 13 (SBF Sir) Define mirror nuclei and give two examples, 3 a that a nucleus can have non-vanishing electric quadrupole moment only if nuclear spin 3 Find the intrinsic quadrupole moment Quoi, of an ellipsoid of revolution. Explain the shape of 442 @ nucleus dictated by Quoiy. What is the qudrupole moment of deuteron and how is the shane +2 of deuteron fixed through that?3.@) ) © 4. (a) © © @ 3a) (b) © 2665 ) 3(a) (b) © 2017-18 (Anock Sir) vd \ pis ground state wavefunction of deuteron for a central potential. fal Show that for deuteron, neutron and proton stay outside the range of nuclear force about 70% of the time. {5} The only bound two-nucleon configuration that occurs in nature is the deuteron with total angular momentum J=1 and binding energy -2.22 MeV. Using this information alone, show (21 that the neutron-proton force must be spin-dependent. Can the deuteron be in a *D,-state? If yes, what will be the wave-function of deuteron. (4) Giving all subtelities, write down the complete wave-function of deuteron that involves spherical harmonics and spin states. (4) ‘Show that there can be a 4% admixture of the *Dy-state in the ground state of deuteron. B) Show that 1a °S1)=0.880 jun and jta °D1)=0.310 pin, B] 2014 - 15 (SBF Sir) Deuteron has spin-parity J* = 1" . Using this information and elementary analysis, show that the 3+3 possible values of (L. S) of deuteron are (0, 1) and (2. 1). Moreover, show that deuteron isospin must be T= 0. : Find the magnetic dipole operator of deuteron and find the values pie(’Si) and pa(D4) and 5 compare tiese with the experimental value of pg. How the discrepancy is explained out? Write down the complete wave function of deuteron and using this, express the quadrupole 3 moment of deuteron. What valuc of D-admixture in the ground state of deuteron follows from the above quadrupole moment? 2012 - 13 (SBF Sir) What is deuteron? Write down the values quadropole moment of the deuteron, Derive expressions for the ground state wave functions of the deuteron, Explain the nature of #3 the wave functions with proper diagrams. Calculate the minimum potential required to make the n-p system just bound, Given that 3 b= 1.054 x 10 J.s, M= 1.67 x 10”’kg and ro = 2.0 fm. of *he binding energy, isospin, parity and electric 1+2 Find the magnetic dipole operator for deuteron. 4 Find the expectation values of deuteron magnetic dipole operator in the °S}- and °Dy-states. 7 3 Find the admixture of the *D,- states in deuteron using wl »w from data and what you maa " . ; rice of ing what we know from ya2017-18 (Anock Sir) 5. (a) Calculate the theoretical value of cross section observed in the low energy n-p scattering. [7] (b) Discuss how to explain the discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental values of crosssection observed in the low energy n-p scattering. (3) (©) What do you mean by coherent and incoherent scattering? * (4) 2014 - 15 (SBF Sir) 4{a)_ What are the lower and upper limits of incident neutron energy in low-energy n-p scattering? 243 How these limits are found? (b) At low energy, when oniy s-wave scattering is important, what is the free particle wave 144 function? Using this and only one phase shift 8, find out the total scattering cross-section. (©) Whats the relation between phase shift and the nature of scattering potential? 2 (@) Define scattering length and explain its physical significance. 2 2012 - 13 ( SBF Sir) 4(a)_ Given that the complete samp wavefunction of n-p scattering in given by 5 raze elk * + £(6) . Find the diff Given that the low-energy n-p scattering radial wavefunction can be written as 5 is sin(kr + 5) z intial scattering cross-section. © + define scattering length with justification and find the scattering cross- section, (¢) Explain the sign convention in scattering lengi': and also explain their physical meaning, 42017-18 (Anock Sir) 6.(a) Classify nuclear reactions and explain their characteristic features. (b) Establish for nuclear reaction the formula for reaction cross-section of /*-partial wave O,4 = (21+ 1) - In), where the symbols have their usual meanings. (6) Show that the cross section for limiting case of a nucleus with sharp radius Ry >>%, the total cross section is twice the geometrical cross section. 7. (a) Derive the Briet-Wigner dispersion formula for resonance in nuclear scattering and reaction for [=0. (b)- Write down the assumptions of the compound nucleus theory of nuclear reactions. (c) Describe different types of direct nuclear reactions with examples. 2014 - 15 (SBF Sir) 5(a) Classify nuclear reactions arid explain the distinguishing features associated with them. . 3) (7) (4) (8) Bl (3) 242 (b) What is Q-value of a nuclear'reaction? Wha w the neshold energy ofa endeer gic veoction? 247 (©) Define cross-section of a nuclear reaction. Show that in the channel of Ith partial wave the 145 2 nuclear reaction cross-section is given by Oy = 7 /k? (21 +1)(1 -|n) where the symbols have their usual meaning. 6(a) Using approprine diagram, explain resonance nuclear reaction. Derive the Breit-Wigner 2+4+2 dispersion formula for | = 0 for nuclear scattering with resonance. What is the formula for resonance reaction cross-section? (b) Explain, using appropriste schematic diagrams, inelastic scattering, knock-out, stripping and 4 pick-up reactions with examples. (©) Discuss the pronounced features of direct reactions, 2012 - 13 ( SBF Sir) 6(a) Write down the assumptions of the compound nuclear hypothesis. (b) Derive an expression showing the relation brween the Particle and their corresponding cross section for the formation of the compound nucleus (6) Discuss an expression in support of the compound nuclear hypothesis. : (a) Define, using diagrams, the different types of direct reactions, (b) Explain how the compound-nucleus theory of nuclear reaction got confi experiment. Explain how resonance in scattering and dispersion formula. ©) 2 branching probability of the decay ofa 8 4 4 med through Ghosal’s 6 ion can be explained theory the Breit-Wigner 42017-18 (Anock Sir) 8.(a) What do you mean by magic numbers? Briefly discuss their significance. oy (b) Calculate the first five magic numbers if nucleons are assumed to move in a three [5+3] dimensional hatmonic oscillator potential. What additional component in ‘the potential is required t6 explain the observed magic numbers? (©) Use the shell model to predict the spin and parity of the ground states of the following nuclei: [4] 1IN, faNe, 73Mg, and $aNi. 8(a) What led the scientists to develop nuclear shell model? 3 (b) What is wood Saxon potential? Draw a diagram for it, 141 (©) Discuss the single particle level scheme predicted by the extreme single particle shell model 5 using square well potential. (4) Whyis the spin-orbit coupling potential introduced in the shell model? 2 (e) Find the ground state spin of )sP,5"" using Neidheim’s rule, 27a) Derive mathematical expression for Energy Spectrum and Wave Function for Qdd-A Nuclei. 5 (0) What is nuclear deformation? Show that deformation parameter j= (1.06)AR/Ro, where the 5 symbols have their usual meanings. (©) Explain Liquid-Drop mode. 4 8(a) What is Gamma-Gamma Afigular Correlation? Give a simple example of Gamma-Gamma 3+3 correlation. (b) Derive a mathematical expression of the angular co: ion function. 8 59 Give an account of stable nuclei with odd-evenness of their mass number, proton number and 4 neutron numbers. What you lean from this account about nucleon force? (pf Nuclear binding energy per nucleon (B/A) is approximately constant for stable nuclei, What 3 this indicates to? (©) The value of nucleus is proportional to A, the mass number. Explain the consequence of this 3 fact. $A) Write down the most general potential for nucleon two-body forces sufficient at low-energies 4 and discuss its properties,