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Approaches To Politics

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32 views23 pages

Approaches To Politics

Uploaded by

Olivia Thembakazi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CPBA 011 APPROACHES TO STUDY POLITICS Ms SEKATLE WHAT IS POLITICS? * POLITICS can be defined as “a process of competitive claims- making by rival parties, with the aim of mobilizing support to put these programs into action” (Boswell, 2020). Moreover, politics is about who gets what, when and how. + Heywood’s definition: “politics in its broadest sense, is the activity through which people make, preserve, and amend the general rules under which they live.” + Politics is also regarded as a means of resolving conflict. The main purpose of politics to uncover the principles on which human society should be based on. DIFFERENT APPROACHES e exam gurerent woys From which © gudy of poss may © ened + APPROACH- an approach is taking steps towards accomplishing full knowledge or experience of something (i this case we are talking about politics). An approach is also “a way of dealing with something in a particular laid down manner’ (Femi). In addition, approaches denote methods, paradigms and recognizable manner of addressing a certain issue. + APPROACHES TO STUDY POLITICS- refer to the way in which politics is being studied and the tools analysis employed by a given approach (Femi). DIFFERENT APPROACHES + There is no specific or rigid way on how politics should be studied, this is due to different opinions that are existent. Moreover, it is evident that every approach has a different set of methods through which politics can be studied. APPROACHES TO STUDY POLITICS * Philosophical tra + Empirical tradition * Scientific trad + Recent development Focused on e ethical perspectives PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION oo cojcese corms) na etate stor operation, us primary oyective would b ued se oon wre Witanks Eikanderd och e necsaruenese Ge epauned cAeerms of eneuta” & “ought. The 08m 9 to Cone state /eutnoritiesshouls doy adopt sucht auch [Link] oxght to dock. 2,Eor a period of time, politics was regarded as coming within the oF patecal prin eater! ew 3 8cQne of philosophy (Kumar), this is because the philosophical Shace raked is the oldest approach in the study of politicso . s° + PHILOSOPHY: It is the study of fundamental nature of crccot er wee Knowledge, Reality and Existence (Metcalf,2020). se roresdrepanentloes Pe or attitude that acts as a guiding principle for behavior ( Be mpacent 22 (beliefs, ideology, thinking...). Knowing right and wrong. Seuston smpemepS Ph ‘ ; . . ceusion emptemer= B Ailosophy is about basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group. It is also a pursuit of knowledge, wisdom and truth. 322? Snitcsophical appreach concentresteS on the values winch © poicical System shoud Seb for Uself Lr emphasises that J police! Systems “Should be based pe? Certads deals(a standard /prncipte to be cxemed at) ‘ona tat UF gould Serveto gNe shape to hem. how social policy decibions have to be modey oF sk how they aught “to be made. ths approach — x ~Ansteead of asuns Ursieadl how “abou? BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY + There are various branches of philosophy, but for the purpose of this topic, only three branches will be discussed. + ETHICS- it is usually referred to as the study of morality, it intends to address how people are expected to carry or conduct themselves. This enables the people to know what makes a just society, for instance: a just society can be existence if citizens are treated fairly and their rights are not being violated (Pujanes, 2020)... + LOGIC- this is the branch that studies reasoning or that teaches human beings to reason. It provides them with the ability to differentiate between good and bad arguments, moreover, teaches them to construct valid arguments (Pujanes, 2020). BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY /==*"= * EPISTIMOLOGY- it the study of theory of knowledge that seeks to explain how knowledge can be acquired, for instance it asks questions like “what do we learn from certain situations” (Pujanes, 2020). HOW THE PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH HELPS US: * To discover the truth, * To learn how to live our lives better, * To understand our own views, including their strengths and weaknesses, * To be more conscious of choices and their implications. * Learn how to think better and reason, * To present and examine arguments. PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION + For a period of time, politics was regarded as coming within the scope of philosophy..The phil losophical tradition tackles topics such as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the enforcement of laws by the authorities. It again refers to specific ethics, political belief or attitude. + The philosophical tradition discusses how a society is supposed to be set up and how one should act or behave within the society. PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION It is through this approach that we get to understand: + What makes a government legitimate?~ + What rights and freedoms should it protect?- + What form of government should it be?- + What duties citizens owe to a legitimate government? + When can government be legitimately overthrown? PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION al philosophy/philosophical tradition originates from Ancient Greece, when States were experimenting with different forms of political organizations such as monarchy, tyranny, aristocracy, oligarchy and democracy. The most dominant philosophers are PLATO and ARISTOTLE. + These philosophers concentrate on ideas, values, norms and also the or ideal state to achieve (the philosophical approach can also be referred to as a normative approach). PLATO tc

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