New
syllabus
2020-21
Chapter 12
Strings
Computer Science
Class XI ( As per CBSE Board)
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String
String is a sequence of characters,which is enclosed
between either single (' ') or double quotes (" "),
python treats both single and double quotes same.
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String
Creating String
Creation of string in python is very easy.
e.g.
a=‘Computer Science'
b=“Informatics Practices“
Accessing String Elements
e.g.
('str-', 'Computer Sciene')
str='Computer Sciene' ('str[0]-', 'C')
print('str-', str) ('str[1:4]-', 'omp')
print('str[0]-', str[0]) ('str[2:]-', 'mputer Sciene')
print('str[1:4]-', str[1:4]) ('str *2-', 'Computer
print('str[2:]-', str[2:]) ScieneComputer Sciene')
print('str *2-', str *2 ) OUTPUT ("str +'yes'-", 'Computer
print("str +'yes'-", str +'yes') Scieneyes')
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String
Iterating/Traversing through string
Each character of the string can be accessed sequentially using for
C
loop. o
m
p
e.g. u
t
e
r
str='Computer Sciene‘ OUTPUT
S
for i in str:
c
print(i) i
e
n
e
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String
String comparison
We can use ( > , < , <= , <= , == , != ) to compare two strings. Python
compares string lexicographically i.e using ASCII value of the
characters.
Suppose you have str1 as "Maria" and str2 as "Manoj" . The first two
characters from str1 and str2 ( M and M ) are compared. As they are
equal, the second two characters are compared. Because they are also
equal, the third two characters ( r and n ) are compared. And because
'r' has greater ASCII value than ‘n' , str1 is greater than str2 .
[Link]
OUTPUT
print("Maria" == "Manoj") False
print("Maria" != "Manoj") True
print("Maria" > "Manoj") True
print("Maria" >= "Manoj") True
print("Maria" < "Manoj") False
print("Maria" <= "Manoj") False
print("Maria" > "") True
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String
Updating Strings
String value can be updated by reassigning another value in
it.
e.g.
var1 = 'Comp Sc'
var1 = var1[:7] + ' with Python'
print ("Updated String :- ",var1 )
OUTPUT
('Updated String :- ', 'Comp Sc with Python')
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String
String Special Operators
e.g.
a=“comp”
B=“sc”
Operator Description Example
+ Concatenation – to add two strings a + b = comp sc
* Replicate same string multiple times (Repetition) a*2 = compcomp
[] Character of the string a[1] will give o
[:] Range Slice –Range string a[1:4] will give omp
in Membership check p in a will give 1
not in Membership check for non availability M not in a will give 1
% Format the string
print ("My Subject is %s and class is %d" % ('Comp Sc', 11))
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String
Format Symbol
%s -string conversion via str() prior to formatting
%i -signed decimal integer
%d -signed decimal integer
%u -unsigned decimal integer
%o -octal integer
%x -hexadecimal integer (lowercase letters)
%X -hexadecimal integer (UPPERcase letters)
%e -exponential notation (with lowercase 'e')
%E -exponential notation (with UPPERcase 'E')
%f -floating point real number
%c -character
%G -the shorter of %f and %E
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String
Triple Quotes
It is used to create string with multiple lines.
e.g.
Str1 = “””This course will introduce the learner to text
mining and text manipulation basics. The course begins
with an understanding of how text is handled by python”””
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String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
b=“my comp”
Method Result Example
len() Returns the length of the string r=len(a) will be 4
[Link]() To capitalize the string r=[Link]() will be “COMP”
[Link]() Will return title case string
[Link]() Will return string in upper case r=[Link]() will be “COMP”
[Link]() Will return string in lower case r=[Link]() will be “comp”
will return the total count of a
[Link]() r=[Link](‘o’) will be 1
given element in a string
To find the substring r=[Link] (‘m’) will be 2
[Link](sub)
position(starts from 0 index)
Return the string with replaced r=[Link](‘my’,’your’) will be
[Link]()
sub strings ‘your comp’
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String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
Method Result Example
r=[Link](‘om’)
[Link]() Returns index position of substring
will be 1
String consists of only alphanumeric characters (no r=[Link]() will
[Link]()
symbols) return True
String consists of only alphabetic characters (no
[Link]()
symbols)
[Link]() String’s alphabetic characters are all lower case
[Link]() String consists of only numeric characters
[Link]() String consists of only whitespace characters
[Link]() String is in title case
[Link]() String’s alphabetic characters are all upper case
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String
String functions and methods
a=“comp”
Method Result Example
b=‘**comp’;
[Link](char) Returns a copy of the string with leading/trailing
r=[Link]() will be
[Link](char) characters removed
‘comp’
Removes specific character from leading and trailing
[Link](char)
position
b=‘my comp’;
r=[Link]() will be
[Link]() Returns list of strings as splitted
[‘my’,‘comp’]
b=‘my comp’;
r=[Link](‘co
[Link]() Partition the string on first occurrence of substring
mp’) will be
[‘my’,‘comp’]
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String
#Python Program to calculate the number of digits and
letters in a string
string=raw_input("Enter string:")
count1=0
count2=0
for i in string:
if([Link]()):
count1=count1+1
count2=count2+1
print("The number of digits is:")
print(count1)
print("The number of characters is:")
print(count2)
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String
Searching for Substrings
E.g. program
METHOD NAME METHODS DESCRIPTION:
s = "welcome to python"
endswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings ends
with substring s1
print([Link]("thon"))
print([Link]("good"))
startswith(s1: str): bool Returns True if strings starts
with substring s1
print([Link]("come"))
print([Link]("become"))
count(substring): int Returns number of
occurrences of substring the
print([Link]("o"))
string print([Link]("o"))
find(s1): int Returns lowest index from
where s1 starts in the string, OUTPUT
if string not found returns -1 True
False
rfind(s1): int Returns highest index from 3
where s1 starts in the string, -1
if string not found returns -1
15
3
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