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Precipitation Reactions and Ionic Equations

The document discusses precipitation reactions and solubility rules for determining if a reaction will form a precipitate. It then provides examples of writing chemical equations for the dissociation of ionic compounds in water and the complete ionic equations for precipitation reactions. Finally, it discusses three methods for making salts: reaction of an acid with a base, reaction of an acid with a metal, and reaction of an acid with a metal carbonate.

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Tracy Chang
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73 views4 pages

Precipitation Reactions and Ionic Equations

The document discusses precipitation reactions and solubility rules for determining if a reaction will form a precipitate. It then provides examples of writing chemical equations for the dissociation of ionic compounds in water and the complete ionic equations for precipitation reactions. Finally, it discusses three methods for making salts: reaction of an acid with a base, reaction of an acid with a metal, and reaction of an acid with a metal carbonate.

Uploaded by

Tracy Chang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Form 4West

Precipitation reactions occur when cations and anions in aqueous solution combine
to form an insoluble ionic solid called a precipitate. Whether or not such a
reaction occurs can be determined by using the solubility rules for common ionic
solids. Because not all aqueous reactions form precipitates, one must consult the
solubility rules before determining the state of the products and writing a net ionic
equation.

Ionic Equations Practice

Example 6

Write the chemical equation that represents the dissociation of each ionic
compound in water.

1. KBr
2. Na2SO4

Solution

1. KBr(s) → K+(aq) + Br−(aq)

2. Not only do the two sodium ions go their own way, but the sulfate ion stays
together as the sulfate ion. The dissolving equation is

Na2SO4(s) → 2Na+(aq) + SO42−(aq)


Write the complete ionic equation for each chemical reaction.
Remember only the aqueous substances can be converted into ions.

1. MgSO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) → Mg(NO3)2(aq) + BaSO4(s)

Mg2+ (aq) + SO4 2-(aq) +Ba2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Mg2+ (aq) + 2NO3- (aq)
+ BaSO4 (s)

Ba2+( aq) +SO42- (aq) BaSO4 (s)

2. CaCl2(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → Ca(NO3)2(aq) + PbCl2(s)

Ca2+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) + Pb2+ (aq) + 2 NO3- (aq) Ca2+ (aq) +

2 NO3- (aq) + PbCl2 (s)

Pb 2+ (aq) + 2 Cl – (aq) PbCl2 (s)


3. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Ag+ (aq) + NO 3- (aq) + Na + (aq) + Cl- (aq) AgCl


(s) + Na + (aq) + NO3- (aq)

Ag + (aq)+ Cl- (aq) AgCl (s)

1. Acid + Base = Salt + Water

2. Acid + Metal = Salt + Hydrogen Gas


Excess acid was used .
Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) = MgCl2 (aq) + H2
Wait for all bubbling of hydrogen to stop
Evaporating the magnesium chloride solution
Concentrate the solution, leave to crystallize.
 Things to consider – Reactivity Series
 This method cannot make copper, silver or gold salts.
3. Acid + Metal Carbonate = Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water

H2SO4 (aq) + CuCO3 (s) = CuSO 4( aq) CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

Observations – bubbles of CO2


- Blue solution forming

Wait for the bubbling to stop

Evaporation process then begins

CuSO4. 5H20 contains water of crystallization

Gentle evaporation to concentrate the solution and then you


leave to dry on its own.

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